Akram Morsy - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Akram Morsy

Agronomy

Water scarcity and weed infestation are major challenges to soybean production. Therefore, two fi... more Water scarcity and weed infestation are major challenges to soybean production. Therefore, two field experiments were conducted in a strip plot design including three replicates in the 2019 and 2020 summer seasons at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Centre, Egypt, to investigate the effect of three irrigation levels (I0 (100%), I1 (90%), and I2 (80%)), and six weed control treatments of pendimethalin (T1), oxyfluorfen (T2), bentazon + clethodim (T3), imazethapyr (T4), hand-hoeing twice (T5), and untreated check (T6) on annual weeds, physiological traits, water relations, and yield and its components of soybean cv Giza 111. Results indicated that intermediate irrigation levels lead to the highest yield and economic return, while the herbicide program that resulted in the greatest weed control gave the highest yield. The rate of weed infestation in field experiments was 19.7 and 21.8 t ha−1 dry weights, which decreased soybean yield by 56.9 and 57.1%, compare...

Journal of Sohag Agriscience (JSAS)

Mean performance and genetic variability were assessed in four soybean genotypes and their F1 cro... more Mean performance and genetic variability were assessed in four soybean genotypes and their F1 crosses using phenotypic data and SRAP markers under drought stress conditions. The results showed that mean squares of G x E interaction were found to be highly significant for most studied traits. Also, the mean performances of four parents and their 6 crosses were variable from normal irrigation to drought stress condition. It could be observed that the parent genotype P2 were relatively stress tolerant parent with the DSI value of 0.5. Using SRAP markers, a total of 49 bands were amplified, of which 24 bands (48.98%) were found polymorphic. Furthermore, the polymorphic band numbers ranged from 2 to 6 bands. The percentage of polymorphism (%P) ranged from 40% (ME2-EM10 primers) to 62% (ME7-EM6 primers) with an average of 48.85%. The SRAP marker ME5-EM1590bp was regarded probably as candidate marker which linked to plant height trait. Interestingly, three different markers (ME1-EM6950bp, EM4-ME61000bp and EM7-ME6970bp) were regarded as candidate markers linked to number of branches per plant. The results showed highly significant and significant regressions (0.3249**, P= 0.013) and (45.04*, P= 0.053) on number of branches per plant and plant height traits, respectively. The UPGMA cluster analysis based on the SRAP markers and the means of morphological traits separated the soybean parental genotypes into two significantly different clusters. Finally, the correlation between the two markers is not significant (r = 0.565, P=0.932).

Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 2016

Journal of Plant Production, 2015

Journal of Plant Production, 2015

The genotype × environment (G×E) interaction is considered a stumbling block to plant breeders, s... more The genotype × environment (G×E) interaction is considered a stumbling block to plant breeders, since the presence of significant GxE interaction component can complicate the identification of superior genotypes and reduce the usefulness of selection. Seed yields of 26 soybean genotypes were evaluated in three locations i.e. Sakha, Etay ElBaroud and Mallawy, through four successive summer seasons from 2012 to 2015. The used design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. This research is aimed to estimate the stability parameters of seed yield of 26 soybean genotypes over twelve environmental conditions and to examine the usefulness and validity of a new simple stability method comparing with four widely used methods. The four stability methods follow three main statistical models namely; regression, variance, and non-parametric approaches. Results showed highly significant mean squares for genotypes, environments and G×E interaction indicating that the tested genotypes exhibited different responses to environmental conditions giving the justification for running stability analysis. The terms of predictable (linear) and unpredictable (non-linear) interaction components were highly significant indicating that the tested soybean genotypes were different in their relative stability. The two soybean cultivars Giza 111 and Giza 21 in addition to their high mean yields, they met all the rules of stable genotypes. Therefore, both cultivars could be considered a good breeding material stock in any future breeding program. Also, when the simplified stability method was applied, the unstable eighteen genotypes were differentiated into three classes. These classes included three genotypes (L162, H29 L115, and H2 L12) were adapted to the unpredictable low yielding environments, while five others (H15 L273, L163, H3 L4, H4 L24 and DR 101) were adapted to high yielding environments. Whereas, the rest ten genotypes were unstable over the low, medium and high environmental groups. The results proved also that, the proposed stability method of Thillainathan and Fernandez (2002) is very simple and easy to apply, understand and interpret by agronomists and plant breeders than the other popular stability models. Also, it is possible to support the results of this stability method by a scatter plot diagram that enable the researchers to visually, directly and quickly compare the mean yield performance and stability of the tested genotypes.

Genetic diversity of cultivated soybean is very narrow. This may threaten the ability of breeders... more Genetic diversity of cultivated soybean is very narrow. This may threaten the ability of breeders to sustain improvement and increase vulnerability of the crop to yields. The objective of this research was to assess genetic diversity of six genotypes i.e., Giza 21, Giza 22, Giza 111, Crawford, Toano and line H30 by morphological and molecular markers using Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) markers, to use this information in soybean future breeding programs. Eleven ISSR primers were tested and six of them amplified clear and reproducible bands. A total of ISSR fragments were detected, of which (65.7%) were polymorphic. Based on morphological and molecular analysis the four cultivars Giza 21, Giza 22, Giza 111 and Crawford have low genetic diversity and clustered in one group. Only Toano cultivar was positioned in another group. Moreover, the line H 30 as a promising genotype was highly diverged from other genotypes. It seems to be using Toano and line H30 as distinct and exotic g...

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research

The presence of genotype × environment (G × E) interaction is a major concern to plant breeder, s... more The presence of genotype × environment (G × E) interaction is a major concern to plant breeder, since large interaction can reduce gains from selection and complicate identification of surperior genotypes. Fifteen soybean genotypes were grown in randomized complete block design with three replications at each of five locations (Etay Elbarood, Gemmeiza, Sakha, Sids and Mallawy) through two successive seasons ended in 2011. The objectives were to assess the yield performance determine the magnitude of (G × E) interaction and investigate the stability of the aimed genotypes using twelve stability statistics derived from two types of statistical procedures (regression and variance approaches) . Also, Spearman rank correlation coefficient principal components analysis and biplot graph were applied to obtain good understanding of the interrelationships and overlapping among the stability statistics used. The results showed highly significant mean squares for genotypes, environments and (G...

Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research, 2019

Genetic diversity of cultivated soybean {Glycine max (L.) Merrill} 2n = 40 is very narrow, althou... more Genetic diversity of cultivated soybean {Glycine max (L.) Merrill} 2n = 40 is very narrow, although includes diversity for many obvious morphological traits. A field experiment was conducted to study characterize of fifteen soybean genotypes on agro-morphological trait basis and to identify genetic diversity using SDS-PAGE, with resistance to defoliating insects, at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr ElShiekh, Egypt during 2017 and 2018 seasons,. Morphological description was performed with 10 qualitative and 7 quantitative traits and screening for defoliation by cotton leaf worm in the open field. The results exhibited significant differences among the tested fifteen genotypes for all studied characters. Defoliation of test plants by the cotton leaf worm, in the field screenings system showed that genotypes H 14 L 8 , H 1 L 10S , H 1 L 10 and H 10 L 10 recorded the highest rating values of insect resistant to cotton leaf worm with defoliation rating (0.0-0.2), whereas, soybean genotype H 5 L 21 showed the highest insect susceptible and had defoliation rating (3.8) indicating heavy insect feeding, over both seasons. Genotypes H 11 L 145 and H 14 L 8 recorded the highest values of seed yield/fad., this attributed to the considerable increase in their number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, and 100-seed weight, in both seasons. This indicates that such genotypes are the promising ones. The protein identification indicated that the pattern was uniform where each genotype was not affected by year or location. The soybean genotypes were different in their banding pattern and each one is characterized by certain proteins with different molecular weight. Cluster analysis based on qualitative morphological characters showed clear separation of genotypes on the basis of their plant growth habit.

Agronomy

Water scarcity and weed infestation are major challenges to soybean production. Therefore, two fi... more Water scarcity and weed infestation are major challenges to soybean production. Therefore, two field experiments were conducted in a strip plot design including three replicates in the 2019 and 2020 summer seasons at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Centre, Egypt, to investigate the effect of three irrigation levels (I0 (100%), I1 (90%), and I2 (80%)), and six weed control treatments of pendimethalin (T1), oxyfluorfen (T2), bentazon + clethodim (T3), imazethapyr (T4), hand-hoeing twice (T5), and untreated check (T6) on annual weeds, physiological traits, water relations, and yield and its components of soybean cv Giza 111. Results indicated that intermediate irrigation levels lead to the highest yield and economic return, while the herbicide program that resulted in the greatest weed control gave the highest yield. The rate of weed infestation in field experiments was 19.7 and 21.8 t ha−1 dry weights, which decreased soybean yield by 56.9 and 57.1%, compare...

Journal of Sohag Agriscience (JSAS)

Mean performance and genetic variability were assessed in four soybean genotypes and their F1 cro... more Mean performance and genetic variability were assessed in four soybean genotypes and their F1 crosses using phenotypic data and SRAP markers under drought stress conditions. The results showed that mean squares of G x E interaction were found to be highly significant for most studied traits. Also, the mean performances of four parents and their 6 crosses were variable from normal irrigation to drought stress condition. It could be observed that the parent genotype P2 were relatively stress tolerant parent with the DSI value of 0.5. Using SRAP markers, a total of 49 bands were amplified, of which 24 bands (48.98%) were found polymorphic. Furthermore, the polymorphic band numbers ranged from 2 to 6 bands. The percentage of polymorphism (%P) ranged from 40% (ME2-EM10 primers) to 62% (ME7-EM6 primers) with an average of 48.85%. The SRAP marker ME5-EM1590bp was regarded probably as candidate marker which linked to plant height trait. Interestingly, three different markers (ME1-EM6950bp, EM4-ME61000bp and EM7-ME6970bp) were regarded as candidate markers linked to number of branches per plant. The results showed highly significant and significant regressions (0.3249**, P= 0.013) and (45.04*, P= 0.053) on number of branches per plant and plant height traits, respectively. The UPGMA cluster analysis based on the SRAP markers and the means of morphological traits separated the soybean parental genotypes into two significantly different clusters. Finally, the correlation between the two markers is not significant (r = 0.565, P=0.932).

Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 2016

Journal of Plant Production, 2015

Journal of Plant Production, 2015

The genotype × environment (G×E) interaction is considered a stumbling block to plant breeders, s... more The genotype × environment (G×E) interaction is considered a stumbling block to plant breeders, since the presence of significant GxE interaction component can complicate the identification of superior genotypes and reduce the usefulness of selection. Seed yields of 26 soybean genotypes were evaluated in three locations i.e. Sakha, Etay ElBaroud and Mallawy, through four successive summer seasons from 2012 to 2015. The used design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. This research is aimed to estimate the stability parameters of seed yield of 26 soybean genotypes over twelve environmental conditions and to examine the usefulness and validity of a new simple stability method comparing with four widely used methods. The four stability methods follow three main statistical models namely; regression, variance, and non-parametric approaches. Results showed highly significant mean squares for genotypes, environments and G×E interaction indicating that the tested genotypes exhibited different responses to environmental conditions giving the justification for running stability analysis. The terms of predictable (linear) and unpredictable (non-linear) interaction components were highly significant indicating that the tested soybean genotypes were different in their relative stability. The two soybean cultivars Giza 111 and Giza 21 in addition to their high mean yields, they met all the rules of stable genotypes. Therefore, both cultivars could be considered a good breeding material stock in any future breeding program. Also, when the simplified stability method was applied, the unstable eighteen genotypes were differentiated into three classes. These classes included three genotypes (L162, H29 L115, and H2 L12) were adapted to the unpredictable low yielding environments, while five others (H15 L273, L163, H3 L4, H4 L24 and DR 101) were adapted to high yielding environments. Whereas, the rest ten genotypes were unstable over the low, medium and high environmental groups. The results proved also that, the proposed stability method of Thillainathan and Fernandez (2002) is very simple and easy to apply, understand and interpret by agronomists and plant breeders than the other popular stability models. Also, it is possible to support the results of this stability method by a scatter plot diagram that enable the researchers to visually, directly and quickly compare the mean yield performance and stability of the tested genotypes.

Genetic diversity of cultivated soybean is very narrow. This may threaten the ability of breeders... more Genetic diversity of cultivated soybean is very narrow. This may threaten the ability of breeders to sustain improvement and increase vulnerability of the crop to yields. The objective of this research was to assess genetic diversity of six genotypes i.e., Giza 21, Giza 22, Giza 111, Crawford, Toano and line H30 by morphological and molecular markers using Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) markers, to use this information in soybean future breeding programs. Eleven ISSR primers were tested and six of them amplified clear and reproducible bands. A total of ISSR fragments were detected, of which (65.7%) were polymorphic. Based on morphological and molecular analysis the four cultivars Giza 21, Giza 22, Giza 111 and Crawford have low genetic diversity and clustered in one group. Only Toano cultivar was positioned in another group. Moreover, the line H 30 as a promising genotype was highly diverged from other genotypes. It seems to be using Toano and line H30 as distinct and exotic g...

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research

The presence of genotype × environment (G × E) interaction is a major concern to plant breeder, s... more The presence of genotype × environment (G × E) interaction is a major concern to plant breeder, since large interaction can reduce gains from selection and complicate identification of surperior genotypes. Fifteen soybean genotypes were grown in randomized complete block design with three replications at each of five locations (Etay Elbarood, Gemmeiza, Sakha, Sids and Mallawy) through two successive seasons ended in 2011. The objectives were to assess the yield performance determine the magnitude of (G × E) interaction and investigate the stability of the aimed genotypes using twelve stability statistics derived from two types of statistical procedures (regression and variance approaches) . Also, Spearman rank correlation coefficient principal components analysis and biplot graph were applied to obtain good understanding of the interrelationships and overlapping among the stability statistics used. The results showed highly significant mean squares for genotypes, environments and (G...

Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research, 2019

Genetic diversity of cultivated soybean {Glycine max (L.) Merrill} 2n = 40 is very narrow, althou... more Genetic diversity of cultivated soybean {Glycine max (L.) Merrill} 2n = 40 is very narrow, although includes diversity for many obvious morphological traits. A field experiment was conducted to study characterize of fifteen soybean genotypes on agro-morphological trait basis and to identify genetic diversity using SDS-PAGE, with resistance to defoliating insects, at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr ElShiekh, Egypt during 2017 and 2018 seasons,. Morphological description was performed with 10 qualitative and 7 quantitative traits and screening for defoliation by cotton leaf worm in the open field. The results exhibited significant differences among the tested fifteen genotypes for all studied characters. Defoliation of test plants by the cotton leaf worm, in the field screenings system showed that genotypes H 14 L 8 , H 1 L 10S , H 1 L 10 and H 10 L 10 recorded the highest rating values of insect resistant to cotton leaf worm with defoliation rating (0.0-0.2), whereas, soybean genotype H 5 L 21 showed the highest insect susceptible and had defoliation rating (3.8) indicating heavy insect feeding, over both seasons. Genotypes H 11 L 145 and H 14 L 8 recorded the highest values of seed yield/fad., this attributed to the considerable increase in their number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, and 100-seed weight, in both seasons. This indicates that such genotypes are the promising ones. The protein identification indicated that the pattern was uniform where each genotype was not affected by year or location. The soybean genotypes were different in their banding pattern and each one is characterized by certain proteins with different molecular weight. Cluster analysis based on qualitative morphological characters showed clear separation of genotypes on the basis of their plant growth habit.