Alicia Fernandez - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Alicia Fernandez

Annals of Archaeology, Dec 31, 2018

Revista de Estudios Regionales,18., 1997

At the beginning of the XX century the body of a Child was found in a sector not specified of ... more At the beginning of the XX century the body of a Child was found in a sector not specified of the "Salinas" that are in the provinces of Salta and Jujuy. Beacause the materials that accompanied the body, one can undestand that it was a ritual sacrifice of Inka times.
Now the identification of the exact possition of the mummy was possible : there is a place with the name NIñoMuerto near the old Inka Road and the salt lake.

ANUARIO 13, Academia nacional de Bellas Artes !·, 1985

this paper concern the presence of engravings of all the times with the evidence that some desig... more this paper concern the presence of engravings of all the times with the evidence that some designs correspond to the actual period.
Specifically to the begin of the XX when it was necessary to signale horses with fire.
The site in the highplateau of NW ARgentina, full andean region, lies in a route to Bolivia frequented by caravans.

Bajo palabra (Madrid), Dec 1, 2005

Cuadernos Prehispánicos Nª 16, año XXII-XXVI, 1995

I analyse the presence of prehispanic gravures in a region were rock art is very frecuent. The p... more I analyse the presence of prehispanic gravures in a region were rock art is very frecuent. The preculiarity of Quebrada Seca de Aparzo is that all the motifs are geometrical, without representations of any human or animals .
The site is in asociation with ceramics of the Humahuaca Period, 900 to
1200 years after Dominus.The site is included in the UNESCO PATRIMONY.

Dialogo andino 7/8, 1988

The article deals with remains of stream crabs in some levels of two caves in Jujuy, Argentina. T... more The article deals with remains of stream crabs in some levels of two caves in Jujuy, Argentina. The crab Aegla jujuyensis inhabit the hight plateau of the andean region. May be it was a diet element , and part of the crabs were founded in coproliths. Ethnographic testimony is also available.

Objects et mondes tomre 25, fasc.1-2, 1985

There are very few specimens of plaques or archaeological cailles in metals from the Andean regio... more There are very few specimens of plaques or archaeological cailles in metals from the Andean region.
The late Cultures of Argentina ( before the arrival of the Incas) made these objects with ceremonial value.
The plaque that I describe here belongs to a private collection from Jujuy.

Cuadernos prehispanicos, 1991

In the geological formations of tufites or ignean rocks there is common to find engraved rock ar... more In the geological formations of tufites or ignean rocks there is common to find engraved rock art, in this case foot of humans prints.
Historically correspond to a settlement of 1200 to 1300 years AD. named Puna Culture or Late Developpments. There are also represented foots of birds and in another site only human faces.

Runa 13, 1976

Before the excavation of the Great Cave of Huachichocana( or cave III) it was done a prospection ... more Before the excavation of the Great Cave of Huachichocana( or cave III) it was done a prospection of all the expressions of Rock Art in the area. Just the cave III hasn´t Rock Art. We found that all the paintings are of the Late Period
or Regional Developments, from Inca and Pre Inca times.

Estudios de Antropología e Historia, n.s.Nº 3, 2016

Here we describe some objects engraved that can be catalogated as little menhirs or stelas. The ... more Here we describe some objects engraved that can be catalogated as little menhirs or stelas. The iconography are related to the Yavi Culture, from 8000 to 1200 AD.

Publicaciones Científicas, año 1, Nª 1, 1989

I explain here how it was found not far of the famous Huachichocana III cave, another cave wi... more I explain here how it was found not far of the famous Huachichocana III cave, another cave with the name of Leon Huasi ( "the house of the puma"). Very dry in general, all the materials were good conservated including grains of maize of many varieties and colours . These, in the deeper layer with an C14 date of 10 550 BP..Painted rock art is present and also folkloric elements from historic times, at the surface.

cuadernos prehispánicos 14, Valladolid, 1989

In a cave at the Quebrada de Purmamarca in an funeral context of 3000 year BP it was found piece... more In a cave at the Quebrada de Purmamarca in an funeral context of 3000 year BP it was found pieces of hooks and complete ceremonial atlatls.

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Dec 1, 2014

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Dec 15, 2021

Boletin De La Asociacion Espanola De Amigos De La Arqueologia, 1985

UN lugar con arte rupestre pintado, unicoponente, producto de una ocupación del 1300 DC en plena ... more UN lugar con arte rupestre pintado, unicoponente, producto de una ocupación del 1300 DC en plena Quebrada de Humahuaca en un camino de paso a la alta puna. No reitera los motivos típicos de la Quebrada de Humahuaca ni evidencia estar inscripto en el periodo de guerras intertribales que caracterizó a esa cultura para antes de la llegada de los Incas. Se da una fecha de radiocarbono para el sitio.

Revista Andina, 2006

Se estudia aqui un asentamiento ceramista temprano en el altiplano de Jujuy, Argentina, llamado H... more Se estudia aqui un asentamiento ceramista temprano en el altiplano de Jujuy, Argentina, llamado HUANCAR PISCUNO. Se relaciona con otra aldea del mismo tipo , también estudiada por mi , llamada Cochinoca 39. ambas a su vez están relacionadas con Tulan 54 y Tulán (5 del lado de Chile, y con la Cultura selvática de San Francisco de la zona de yunga de Jujuy. La aldea aquí descrita arrojó una edad de 55 años DC.

Annals of Archaeology, Dec 31, 2018

Revista de Estudios Regionales,18., 1997

At the beginning of the XX century the body of a Child was found in a sector not specified of ... more At the beginning of the XX century the body of a Child was found in a sector not specified of the "Salinas" that are in the provinces of Salta and Jujuy. Beacause the materials that accompanied the body, one can undestand that it was a ritual sacrifice of Inka times.
Now the identification of the exact possition of the mummy was possible : there is a place with the name NIñoMuerto near the old Inka Road and the salt lake.

ANUARIO 13, Academia nacional de Bellas Artes !·, 1985

this paper concern the presence of engravings of all the times with the evidence that some desig... more this paper concern the presence of engravings of all the times with the evidence that some designs correspond to the actual period.
Specifically to the begin of the XX when it was necessary to signale horses with fire.
The site in the highplateau of NW ARgentina, full andean region, lies in a route to Bolivia frequented by caravans.

Bajo palabra (Madrid), Dec 1, 2005

Cuadernos Prehispánicos Nª 16, año XXII-XXVI, 1995

I analyse the presence of prehispanic gravures in a region were rock art is very frecuent. The p... more I analyse the presence of prehispanic gravures in a region were rock art is very frecuent. The preculiarity of Quebrada Seca de Aparzo is that all the motifs are geometrical, without representations of any human or animals .
The site is in asociation with ceramics of the Humahuaca Period, 900 to
1200 years after Dominus.The site is included in the UNESCO PATRIMONY.

Dialogo andino 7/8, 1988

The article deals with remains of stream crabs in some levels of two caves in Jujuy, Argentina. T... more The article deals with remains of stream crabs in some levels of two caves in Jujuy, Argentina. The crab Aegla jujuyensis inhabit the hight plateau of the andean region. May be it was a diet element , and part of the crabs were founded in coproliths. Ethnographic testimony is also available.

Objects et mondes tomre 25, fasc.1-2, 1985

There are very few specimens of plaques or archaeological cailles in metals from the Andean regio... more There are very few specimens of plaques or archaeological cailles in metals from the Andean region.
The late Cultures of Argentina ( before the arrival of the Incas) made these objects with ceremonial value.
The plaque that I describe here belongs to a private collection from Jujuy.

Cuadernos prehispanicos, 1991

In the geological formations of tufites or ignean rocks there is common to find engraved rock ar... more In the geological formations of tufites or ignean rocks there is common to find engraved rock art, in this case foot of humans prints.
Historically correspond to a settlement of 1200 to 1300 years AD. named Puna Culture or Late Developpments. There are also represented foots of birds and in another site only human faces.

Runa 13, 1976

Before the excavation of the Great Cave of Huachichocana( or cave III) it was done a prospection ... more Before the excavation of the Great Cave of Huachichocana( or cave III) it was done a prospection of all the expressions of Rock Art in the area. Just the cave III hasn´t Rock Art. We found that all the paintings are of the Late Period
or Regional Developments, from Inca and Pre Inca times.

Estudios de Antropología e Historia, n.s.Nº 3, 2016

Here we describe some objects engraved that can be catalogated as little menhirs or stelas. The ... more Here we describe some objects engraved that can be catalogated as little menhirs or stelas. The iconography are related to the Yavi Culture, from 8000 to 1200 AD.

Publicaciones Científicas, año 1, Nª 1, 1989

I explain here how it was found not far of the famous Huachichocana III cave, another cave wi... more I explain here how it was found not far of the famous Huachichocana III cave, another cave with the name of Leon Huasi ( "the house of the puma"). Very dry in general, all the materials were good conservated including grains of maize of many varieties and colours . These, in the deeper layer with an C14 date of 10 550 BP..Painted rock art is present and also folkloric elements from historic times, at the surface.

cuadernos prehispánicos 14, Valladolid, 1989

In a cave at the Quebrada de Purmamarca in an funeral context of 3000 year BP it was found piece... more In a cave at the Quebrada de Purmamarca in an funeral context of 3000 year BP it was found pieces of hooks and complete ceremonial atlatls.

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Dec 1, 2014

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Dec 15, 2021

Boletin De La Asociacion Espanola De Amigos De La Arqueologia, 1985

UN lugar con arte rupestre pintado, unicoponente, producto de una ocupación del 1300 DC en plena ... more UN lugar con arte rupestre pintado, unicoponente, producto de una ocupación del 1300 DC en plena Quebrada de Humahuaca en un camino de paso a la alta puna. No reitera los motivos típicos de la Quebrada de Humahuaca ni evidencia estar inscripto en el periodo de guerras intertribales que caracterizó a esa cultura para antes de la llegada de los Incas. Se da una fecha de radiocarbono para el sitio.

Revista Andina, 2006

Se estudia aqui un asentamiento ceramista temprano en el altiplano de Jujuy, Argentina, llamado H... more Se estudia aqui un asentamiento ceramista temprano en el altiplano de Jujuy, Argentina, llamado HUANCAR PISCUNO. Se relaciona con otra aldea del mismo tipo , también estudiada por mi , llamada Cochinoca 39. ambas a su vez están relacionadas con Tulan 54 y Tulán (5 del lado de Chile, y con la Cultura selvática de San Francisco de la zona de yunga de Jujuy. La aldea aquí descrita arrojó una edad de 55 años DC.

Barrancas ( also named Abdón Castro Tolay) in the hight plateau or Puna de JUjuy Argentina, is a... more Barrancas ( also named Abdón Castro Tolay) in the hight plateau or Puna de JUjuy Argentina, is a Village with a very particular combination; rock art, history of the Colonial Time and traces of the politics from today.
A new Museum for the interpretation of the place Barrancas, was inaugurated. As investigator of the CONICET I worked in Barrancas 20 years writing two books about that valley.

Precirculated papers of the XXII Valcamonica Symposiumva, 2007

Se hace referencia en este artículo a piezas depositadas en museos o colecciones privadas y con d... more Se hace referencia en este artículo a piezas depositadas en museos o colecciones privadas y con datos de hallazgo que las sitúan en Jujuy y otras provincias del Norte de la República Argentina. Tanto en el ámbito de la ciencia arqueológica como en el de la historia del arte, este tipo de pieza es sumamente buscada, por reunir cualidades técnicas y artísticas sobresalientes y por ser fácilmente ubicable en un muy preciso momento del devenir prehistórico de la región andina. Esto es en el Periodo Cerámico Medio entre los años 600 y 1000 A.D., y con bastante exactitud en relación con una Cultura local llamada "Aguada", en la que varios autores ven influencias de la cultura Tiawanaco. El hallazgo en Jujuy de nuevas piezas eleva a 7 el número de los ejemplares rectangulares y también a 7 el número de los ejemplares redondos. Con ello habría que pensar en un centro de fabricación aquí localizado, distinto de los Valles Calchaquíes donde la Cultura Aguada tuvo su difusión. Algunos hallazgos de estos objetos en excavación, han permitido reubicar cronológicamente a las placas de la Provincia de Jujuy entre el 1000 y 1400 A.D, asociándolas a la Cultura Humahuaca.

Se pone en consideración y debate, un elemento integrado al arte rupestre prehispánico del Noroes... more Se pone en consideración y debate, un elemento integrado al arte rupestre prehispánico del Noroeste Argentino, como lo son las perforaciones (asas o manijas), talladas en la misma roca que los petroglifos y cronológicamente asociadas a ellos. Se alude a lo incompleta que es la documentación patrimonial (brindada por los especialistas) y a los condicionamientos conceptuales por parte del investigador, quien "parece no ver" algo muy evidente. Ello porque al momento de documentar el arte rupestre de un sitio se opera, mental y conceptualmente, una selección que incluye a una cúpula (por ejemplo), pero no una perforación.

salamanca 4 (4), 1988

Trouvaille de morceaux de sandales (ushutas) dans une grotte a Jujuy, Amerique du Sud..

Actas del II Congreso Argentino de ArqueometríaPapers of II y, 2007

Chamarra is a site on the Province of Jujuy, Argentinean Altiplano, where large discshaped stones... more Chamarra is a site on the Province of Jujuy, Argentinean Altiplano, where large discshaped stones measuring up to 1 meter in diameter are visible in surface. There are also smaller "wheels", which the locals interpret as mortars,i.e. man-made elements. In reality, they are sedimentary cut-and-fill structures formed on an old marine beach, which was demostrated by microscopic examinatin of the thin sections. These include several fossil fauna, mosttly gastropods.

Actas del Encuentro de Geohistoria Regional, Formosa., 2005

The region called Puna or Altiplano, in Jujuy , Argentina had 3 important explorers. Here we sp... more The region called Puna or Altiplano, in Jujuy , Argentina had 3 important explorers. Here we speak abot the swedish Eric VOn Rosen . Looking to arrive Bolivia, he parcoured from South to North the last province of Argentina, named Jujuy. Here take place the meeting in 1916 with E. Nordenskïold.

Papers of the NEWS Symposium, Turin. Italy, 1995

Petrograbados cristianos: viejas lápidas en cementerios del n.-o. Argentino. Resumen. Distintos a... more Petrograbados cristianos: viejas lápidas en cementerios del n.-o. Argentino. Resumen. Distintos autores (antropólogos, etnógrafos, historiadores, sociólogos) estudiaron el proceso de cambio cultural que se produjo en América a partir del s. XVI. Con la mira puesta en Argentina, Ciro R. Laton (1977:74) marca dos claros momentos: 1) El de instalación de los europeos con violenta implantación de tributos, "encomienda", "reducciones", represión y un ajuste general en los modos de vida nativos; cronológicamente se ubica en el s. XVI. 2) Implantación de una cultura "mestiza", modificaciones en lo material y espiritual, con raíces antiguas que aparecen enmascaradas. Esto abarca del s. XVII en adelante. Esta segunda parte del proceso es larga, compleja, presenta altibajos según las regiones. "Los aborígenes adoptaron vestidos, costumbres, animales y especies vegetales europeos manteniendo muchas de la suyas, como así también algunas artesanías" (Lafon, op. cit. 74). Pondremos a prueba este modelo de cambio cultural en una comunidad campesina semi-urbana del NO argentino: el pueblo de Tumbaya, con especial énfasis en el Arte Rupestre. Y con ello, probaremos dos definiciones de cambio cultural o aculturación. Una clásica, la de J. Herskovits, 1938: "La aculturación abarca fenómenos que se producen cuando grupos de individuos que tienen distintas culturas entran en un contacto continuo, de primera mano, con los cambios producidos en los esquemas culturales primitivos de uno de los grupos o de ambos". Luego una definición nueva, la de M. Fischer 1992: "Cambio socio-cultural es un proceso de adaptación externa a las especiales condiciones del hábitat y un proceso de adaptación interno a las especiales condiciones del subsistema tecnoeconómico. La adaptación responde a factores de obligación, costos y rendimientos". Observaremos como conclusión: 1. la presencia de la "cultura mestiza" en el sentido que le da Lafon, 2. cambios en el grupo dominante (la Iglesia y su entorno), 3. los tres factores de la adaptación.

Cultura San Francisco en La Mendieta,Jujuy: La Finca El Rosario, Argentina., 1988

The describer of the site Finca El Rosario, near the sugar fabric La Mendieta, is the archaeolo... more The describer of the site Finca El Rosario, near the sugar fabric La Mendieta, is the archaeologue N.Pelissero, with experience in andean cultures of Humahuaca zone. In this case il do a salvage in a mounds area of the Formative Period, in the jungle of Jujuy, and also find similitudes between the few described early ceramics of Humahuaca valley, with that of the jungle or low area. Two disciples of him, Nieva and F. Distel, of the University of Jujuy, prepared this revision.

Sponsored by the Hight Bermejo River Office, a gubernamental Society of two nations ( Bolivia and... more Sponsored by the Hight Bermejo River Office, a gubernamental Society of two nations ( Bolivia and Argentina) ,I investigated in the 1990 years the so called Hight Bermejo Triangle. The region has difficulties to be explored. But some collections in Tarija, helped to find some guidelines in regard to sculpture and rock art. Both manifestations profite pebles of the rivers of the area.

El arteen las piedras y el tema de los camelidos, 2012

This book explain how rock art was done in NW ARgentina, andean region of Sputh America following... more This book explain how rock art was done in NW ARgentina, andean region of Sputh America following ancestral rules with the preferance of the representation of camelids ( vicuña, lama and lama guanicoe). Engraved, in form of geogliphs and mosaics, or painted.

Serie Materiales de nuestra Tierra, 2012

Este libro solo abarca la faz pública d este escultor argentino, es decir las obras hechas por en... more Este libro solo abarca la faz pública d este escultor argentino, es decir las obras hechas por encargo, mayormente de caracter patriótico o celebrativo de gestas nacionales. Contiene muchas tomas del propio escultor.
En su faz privada, Nicasio Fernández mar opta por temas americanos, sobre todo la figura de la mujer andina, en materiales varios como madera, piedra, cemento, arrabio, bronce.

Primer Congreso Argentino de Arqueometría,Metodologías Científicas aplicadas al Estudio de los BienesCulturales., 2006

Chamarra is a site on the Province of Jujuy, Argentinean Altiplano, where large discshaped stones... more Chamarra is a site on the Province of Jujuy, Argentinean Altiplano, where large discshaped stones measuring up to 1 meter in diameter are visible in surface. There are also smaller "wheels", which the locals interpret as mortars,i.e. man-made elements. In reality, they are sedimentary cut-and-fill structures formed on an old marine beach, which was demostrated by microscopic examination of the thin sections. These include several fossil fauna, mosttly gastropods.

Book ARqueometría Argentina, estudios Pluridisciplinarios, Ramos et al editores, ASPHA., 2013

It is to regret the practice of some visitors to archaelogical places showing low or nothing o... more It is to regret the practice of some visitors to archaelogical places showing low or nothing of respect to the ruins and rock art.. They use machinery normally applied to mining to extract pieces of stone containing rock art or other items of interest.

Book HIstoria y Etnicidad en las Yungas de Argentina, 2013

This article refers to a Formative Culture with amazonian influences located in the yungas regi... more This article refers to a Formative Culture with amazonian influences located in the yungas region on Jujuy and Salta, NW Argentina. His name is CULTURA SAN FRANCISCO: the name is taked from a great river that correspond to the Paraná sistem.
In the year 0 of the Era the San Francisco Culture occuped the low regions of NW Argentina.

Humanismo siglo XX, Juan Schobinger editor, 1995

I analyse here the early entrance ( S.XVI) of horses in the Andean Region of South America, foll... more I analyse here the early entrance ( S.XVI) of horses in the Andean Region of South America, following evidence founded in rock art, naïf Christian images, folk Litterature. Also I insist in the presence of fossil horses in our continent.

Sapagua Dos ( Humahuaca, Jujuy, Argentina) identificado por uno de los autores en 2010, es una ro... more Sapagua Dos ( Humahuaca, Jujuy, Argentina) identificado por uno de los autores en 2010, es una roca fija, pequeña, geológicamente idéntica a la del petroglifo principal y con iconografía del mismo tipo.
Sapagua Two is an extension of the main site of Sapagua, in the Humahuaca ravin, following the course of the Inca Road.

', 1990

The author shows how a family of the XVIII Century, with his roots in Spain has survived until th... more The author shows how a family of the XVIII Century, with his roots in Spain has survived until the XX Century, always in the same andean region ( Bolivia-Argentina). One of the members had a nobiliar Tittle transmited to his descendents until the Indepence Wars.

Inca Cueva is a site famous by his rock pictures but not by engravings. Here I signale that ... more Inca Cueva is a site famous by his rock pictures but not by engravings. Here I signale that there is a place, near the great cave I, not yet described, that shows anthropomorphs engraved.
May be they are not so ancient as the pictograms of the region, but they are related to other gravures in sapagua, another site of importance in the Humahuaca ravin.

Resumenes XIV Jornadasde Investigación en Humanidades, Universidad nacional de Jujuy, 2023

Elements integrated to the rock art of NW Argentina, are the holes or handles esculpted in same... more Elements integrated to the rock art of NW Argentina, are the holes or handles esculpted in same caves with prehistoric occupation. Here, the enigmatic appearence of them, are discused.

draft, 2015

RESÚMEN El uso de recursos faunísticos por los cazadores recolectores andinos quedó evidenciado p... more RESÚMEN El uso de recursos faunísticos por los cazadores recolectores andinos quedó evidenciado por excavaciones arqueológicas en cuevas y turberas. En estos lugares se recuperaron plumas y huesos de ave, insectos, conchillas, crustáceos, reptiles y distintas partes de mamíferos (Fernández 1983-85, Kulemeyer 1998, Fernández Distel 1974). Por ser las cuevas de Jujuy, Noroeste de Argentina, extremadamente secas y por provenir los materiales de capas profundas, los restos de insectos están bien conservados. Se los obtuvo en Huachichocana III, Yavi y Barro Negro. Lo interesante de Huachichocana es que se trata de pupas de un lepidóptero, modificadas para actuar como sonajeros. El uso actual, en Córdoba y Catamarca, de la pupa de un lepidóptero del mismo género que el de Huachichocana, para la obtención de seda, muestra una continuidad desde la prehistoria.

Yavi-Jujuy, una zona con mucha Historia, 2017

This chapter in the book YAVI JUJUY UNA ZONA CON MUCHA HISTORIA enphasize another church, not so... more This chapter in the book YAVI JUJUY UNA ZONA CON MUCHA HISTORIA enphasize another church, not so famous like Yavi´ s temple but also related to the possesions of the Marquis Campero.
Tafna is not far from Yavi and was important in the colonial period before the modernization of the region. The construcction of the cemetery and the church of Tafna include blocks of the vulcanite stone.