Ammayappan Rajam Srividya - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Ammayappan Rajam Srividya
Curcuma zedoaria belongs to the family Zingeberaceae. Hydroethanolic extract of Curcuma zedoaria ... more Curcuma zedoaria belongs to the family Zingeberaceae. Hydroethanolic extract of Curcuma zedoaria rhizome showed only the presence of alkaloids. Total phenol content was found to be 34.45±1.9 expressed as mg/g equivalent of gallic acid. Total flavonol content was found to be 45.56±2.38 mg/g equivalent of quercetin. In vitro antioxidant activity IC50 value for hydroethanolic extract was found to be 930±16.35 for DPPH method, >1000 µg/ml for Nitric oxide method. Concentration required for reducing power was found to be 2.525±0.023 µg/ml. total antioxidant capacity was found to be 230.2±1.32 which was expressed as mM equivalent of Ascorbic acid. The extract was found to be effective in reducing TC levels after 12 days of pre treatment with extract at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg b/w reduced by 17.1% and 19.65%. No significant changes were seen on LDL, VLDL and HDL cholesterol levels.
Acorus calamus Linn which belongs to the family Araceae. Fractionation of hydro ethanolic extract... more Acorus calamus Linn which belongs to the family Araceae. Fractionation of hydro ethanolic extract was carried out by using solvent-solvent extraction. In the phytoconstituents analysis the petroleum ether fraction showed the presence of alkaloids, flavanoids, saponins, triterpinoids, phenolic, protein and carbohydrates, chloroform fraction showed the presence of flavanoids, saponins, triterpinoids, phenolics, carbohydrates, the ethyl acetate fraction showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, triterpinoids, glycosides, the acetone fraction showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, triterpinoids and glycosides, the aqueous fraction showed the presence of alkaloids, flavanoids, triterpenoids, glycosides, phenolics and carbohydrate. The ethyl acetate fraction showed a considerable increase in the total phenolic content than those of the crude extract. Chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions have shown relatively good antioxidant potential in DPPH, ethyl acetate fraction showed good antioxidant property in ABTS method, alkaline DMSO Method, Hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity, and total antioxidant capacity. Chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions showed relatively good antibacterial potential at a concentration below 500 µg/ml against both gram positive and gram negative microorganisms, by cup plate method, the zone of inhibition ranging from 13 to 25mm diameter. The chloroform fraction showed a moderate antifungal activity at a concentration of 500 µg/ml, by cup plate method, the zone of inhibition was found to be 12 to 19 mm diameter. MIC for ethyl acetate and acetone fractions was found to be less than 500 µg/ml when compared to the crude extract and the other fractions. In cytotoxicity studies, chloroform fraction showed cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 cells with CTC 50 value of 110 µg/ml, whereas the rest of the fractions were moderately cytotoxic to the MCF-7 cell line with CTC 50 values ranging from 170-360 µg/ml.
Immobilization is a process used to restrict the freedom of movement of enzyme or cells. Immobili... more Immobilization is a process used to restrict the freedom of movement of enzyme or cells. Immobilization is a convenient term covering the methods of generation of heterogenous biocatalysts The use of immobilized cells as industrial catalysts has many operational advantages associated with the use of free cells together with number of additional merits. Immobilized microorganisms are convenient to handle and permit easy separation of product from the biocatalyst. Adsorption, covalent binding , entrapment, encapsulation , cross linking are the various methods adopted to immobilize the enzymes or whole cells. An support is used to immobilize the cells or enzyme. An ideal support and the choice of matrix for immobilization will depend on the nature of the bio-catalyst, nature of the reaction and its ultimate application in proper reactor geometry, commercial success has been achieved where the support material has been chosen for its flow characteristic, cost, non-toxicity and immobilization method tailored to give maximum bio-catalytic while retaining the desirable flow characteristic
Lutein is along with β-carotene, one of the most widely distributed carotenoids in fruits and veg... more Lutein is along with β-carotene, one of the most widely distributed carotenoids in fruits and vegetables frequently consumed by different populations. Chemically lutein is the dihydroxy derivative of αcarotene presenting two hydroxyl group at the terminal rings of the molecules. Lutein plays an important role in Prevention of Hypoxia-Induced Cell Damage in the Eye, in Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD), in Diabetic Retinopathy, in Retinal Detachment, Lutein in the Lens and in the Uvea. Lutein has become known as the "eye vitamin" and its dietary intake is important in maintaining its concentration in human lens and retina. It also gives protection to the skin against UV light radiations and cancer. Lutein had an Inhibitory effect on Epstein-Barr virus activation in tumor activity to suppress the tumor promotion. Lutein showed the anti-tumor promoting activities in mouse two-stage skin carcinogenesis and decreased the number of aberrant crypt foci in rat colon. Lutein suppressed tumorigenesis in skin and colon in mice.
Naringenin, aglycone flavonoid possess certain activities like anti-hepatoprotective and also hav... more Naringenin, aglycone flavonoid possess certain activities like anti-hepatoprotective and also have anti-cancer characteristics like carcinogenic inactivation, cell cycle arrest, anti-proliferation, apoptosis, anti-angiogenesis and enhances anti-oxidant activity. The inhibitory effect of Naringenin in lung tumor progression estimated with adenocarcinoma (A549) cell lines (in vitro) and C57BL/6 mice (in vivo) in a tri-dose manner compared with standard chemotherapy drug cisplatin. The results of the present study revealed, a dose-dependent activity in Naringenin and combination with cisplatin at a higher dose which showed decreased tumor progression in mice. Combination of Naringenin with cispaltin demonstrate beneficiaryaction than individual action. In vitro studies carried out for estimation of cell survivial and Nitric Oxide (NO) level shows dose dependent action of nringenin with IC 50 value of 42µg/ml. In vivo studies was carried out in C57BL/6 mice. Naringenin satisfied the condition of an anti-cancer molecule with its characteristics in fragmentation assay, Zymography assay, anti-oxidant and myeloperoxidase studies, than cispaltin which failed in anti-oxidant and myeloperoxidase effect. Both in vitro and in vivo establishes dose dependent decrease in NO levels. But whereas Naringenin showed adverse results in Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) enzymatic levels with increase in dose levels. In conclusion Naringenin could suppress the lung tumor
Alpinia galangal is a rhizome belongs to the family Zingeberaceae. Qualitative phytochemical anal... more Alpinia galangal is a rhizome belongs to the family Zingeberaceae. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of plant extracts showed the presence of majority of the compound including terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins and glycosides. The hydro alcoholic hot extract has shown high total phenol content 14.50 ± 0.210 mg/g and hydro alcoholic cold shown 12.59 ± 0.295 mg/g. Alpinia galangal hydro alcoholic extract prepared by hot maceration showed potent antioxidant activity with IC value 7.7 ± 0.121 μg/ml. The antihepatotoxicity produced by the extract at concentration of 200 and 400 μg/ml was effective against the D-Galactosamine induced hepatotoxicity, whereas at the concentration of 600 and 800 μg/ml it was found to be cytotoxic for both the hydro alcoholic extracts prepared by cold and hot maceration process. A significant increase in the levels of ASAT, ALAT, ALP, total Bilirubin, direct Bilirubin (P<0.001) and a significant reduction in the levels of TGL, total proteins and albumin (P< 0.001) was observed in hepatocytes exposed to D-Galactosamine when compared to normal hepatocytes. These cells when treated alone with different extract of Alpinia Galanga showed a significant restoration of the altered biochemical parameters towards the normal (P< 0.001) when compared to D-Galactosamine treated group) and were dose dependent. A similar result was obtained with the silymarin. The antihepatotoxic effect of extracts of Alpinia galangal was found to be 200 – 400 μg/ml concentration.
Quinoxaline-2, 3-dione obtained from cyclocondensation reaction of o-phenylene diamine with oxali... more Quinoxaline-2, 3-dione obtained from cyclocondensation reaction of o-phenylene diamine with oxalic acid, was reacted with chlorosulphonic acid under cold condition followed by a reaction with various benzimidazoles to give 2, 3-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-6-sulphonyl benzimidazoles in satisfactory yield. Their structures were confirmed using 1 H NMR, IR and mass analysis. Cytotoxicity of these derivatives were evaluated by growth inhibition of HEp-2 cells in vitro. The preliminary bioassay indicated that these compounds showed moderate cytotoxicity.
Novel benzimidazolo indane-1, 3-dione derivatives were synthesized and characterized by IR, 1 HNM... more Novel benzimidazolo indane-1, 3-dione derivatives were synthesized and characterized by IR, 1 HNMR and Mass spectral analysis. Biological screening of synthesized compounds allowed the identification of some novel anthelmintic agents bearing indane-1, 3-dione and benzimidazole scaffolds. Some of these compounds exhibited promising anthelmintic activities.
The term 'single cell protein' was coined in 1968 at a meeting held at the Massachusetts Institut... more The term 'single cell protein' was coined in 1968 at a meeting held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) to replace the less aesthetic 'microbial protein' and 'petroprotein' which were the terms originally used. Use of microbes as a food source may appear to be unacceptable to some people but the idea of consumption of microbes as food for man and animals is certainly innovative to solve the global food problem. Single cell protein (SCP) has many applications in food and feed industries The microorganisms which can be used as SCP include a variety of bacteria, marine microalgae, yeasts and molds Production of SCP using cheap materials as substrate provides an economically feasible source of protein for use in animal feed or the processing of products for human consumption, as it often meets dietary requirements for protein. Many microorganisms have been used to convert various substrates into biomass SCP production technologies arose as a promising way to solve the problem of worldwide protein shortage. They evolved as bioconversion processes which turned low-value by-products into products with added nutritional and market value and since SCP belongs to one of the cheapest protein products in the market, its production is profitable.
This paper deals with the comparison of genotoxicity produced by the hydro alcoholic extract of C... more This paper deals with the comparison of genotoxicity produced by the hydro alcoholic extract of Curcuma aromatica salisb and Curcuma zedoaria (christm) rosecoe with curcumin by Ames test, comet assay and Micronucleus test. Curcuma aromatica and Curcuma Zedoaria belongs to the family Zingiberaceae. In the presence of metabolic activation factor (S9), the revertant colonies were found to be more in the case of TA98 and TA 100 strains. When compared to positive control the numbers of revertant colonies were found to be more or less equivalent to negative control which confirmed the absence of genotoxic effect of test compounds. In the comet assay, among the three tested compounds, curcumin was found to be more genotoxic in nature when compared by Curcuma aromatica, Curcuma zedoaria. The damage of the cells was found to be more in the presence of metabolic activation factor than the absence of metabolic activation factor. This confirmed that the phytoconstituents are not genotoxic in nature but their metabolites that are formed in the presence of metabolic activation factor is mainly responsible for their genotoxic effect. In the Micronucleus test, when compared to the positive control (Methyl methane sulfonate at the concentration of 50 µg/ml), all the test compounds such as hydro alcoholic extract of Curcuma aromatica, Curcuma zedoaria, and Curcumin at the concentration of 50μg/ml showed less toxicity to HEp-2 cells. These results might either due to the presence of low concentration of curcumin in the extracts or due to the presence of other phytoconsituents that are present in the extract.
Many membrane bound proteins could act as important factor in maintaining the immunity. Vaccine p... more Many membrane bound proteins could act as important factor in maintaining the immunity. Vaccine production plays an important role in maintaining the health of an individual in turn the health of the country. Vaccines are not available for many infections that are caused by various pathogenic microorganisms. With the intention to develop the vaccine as well to identify the proteins that are responsible for the immunity this research are being carried out from the pathogen Fusarium moniliforme. From this microorganism, the membrane bound proteins has been isolated, precipitated, fractionated by using different coloum, purified and characterized by SDS-PAGE, silver staining method, western blotting method, electro blotting and immune detection. This research work would lead us to identify a membrane bound protein that could combine with the MHC protein which stimulates the B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes there by develop the immune responses against Fusarium moniliforme.
Ancient science of life, 2009
The leaves of Solanum indicum showed the presence of stellate trichome. Ethanolic extract of leav... more The leaves of Solanum indicum showed the presence of stellate trichome. Ethanolic extract of leaves Solanum indicum showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli where as chloroform extract, acetone extract and ethanol showed anti bacterial against pseudomonas. The aqueous extract did not show any anti microbial activity towards the tested organism. None of the extract showed anti fungal activity.
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery, 2011
... rivatives: A Preliminary Investigation on their Activity Against a Human Epithelial Carcinoma... more ... rivatives: A Preliminary Investigation on their Activity Against a Human Epithelial Carcinoma Cell Line Selvaraj Jubie* ,1 , Rajamanickam Gayathri 1 , Ammayappan Rajam Srividya* ,2 , Rajagopal Kalirajan 1 , Prabakaran Prabitha 1 , Sundaram Sankar 1 and Kannan Elango 1 ...
Food Chemistry, 2007
... The red wine vinegar (RWV) with 7.5% of acidity was supplied by a local producer. ... It deri... more ... The red wine vinegar (RWV) with 7.5% of acidity was supplied by a local producer. ... It derive from the acetification process of the red wine that is a process known (Andlauer et al., 2000) to decrease the phenolic content of RWV. ...
Archives of Biological Sciences, 2008
Cyclohexane and methanol extracts of leaves and inflorescences of Ampelopsis brevipedunculata and... more Cyclohexane and methanol extracts of leaves and inflorescences of Ampelopsis brevipedunculata and Parthenocissus tricuspidata are shown to exert significant cytotoxic action on both estrogen-dependent (MDA-MB-361) and estrogen-nondependent (MDA-MB-453) breast cancer cell lines. Methanol extracts of P. tricuspidata exhibited higher cytotoxicity for the MDA-MB-453 cell line (inflorescence: IC 50 =111.45 ± 2.56 μg/ml; leaves: IC 50 = 56.76 ± 7.11 μg/ml) than for MDA-MB-361. Cyclohexane extracts of A. brevipedunculata leaves exhibited high cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-453 (IC 50 =78.32 ± 0.1 μg/ml) and the estrogen-dependent MDA-MB-361 cell line (IC 50 =97.40 ± 2.61 μg/ml). The highest DPPH-scavenging ability was exhibited by methanol extracts of P. tricuspidata inflorescences, with IC 50 =7.55±0.07 μg/ml. The tested extracts possessed weak antimicrobial activity.
ABSTRACT: Novel benzimidazolo indane-1, 3-dione derivatives were synthesized and characterized by... more ABSTRACT: Novel benzimidazolo indane-1, 3-dione derivatives were synthesized and characterized by IR, 1HNMR and Mass spectral analysis. Biological screening of synthesized compounds allowed the identification of some novel anthelmintic agents ...
Formononetin is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which can be found in low concentrations in man... more Formononetin is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which
can be found in low concentrations in many dietary
products, which belongs to the family Fabaceae.
Chemical name of formononetin is Biochanin B; and its
IUPAC name is 7-Hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone; 7-
hydroxy-3-(4- methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one. Its
molecular formula is C16H12O4. Its molecular weight is
268.26408 g/mol. Formononetin has been proven to
show antimicrobial activity towards Giardia lamblia. It
acts as an antioxidant and as a neuroprotective agent in
Alzheimer’s disease. It also possess early fracture
healing potential, cardio protective activity, antilipidemic
properties, antidiabetic, antitumor and Neuroprotective
activity, It possess anticancer activity in lung cancer,
colorectal cancer and prostate cancer. Even though
formononetin shows different pharmacological actions,
for many studies, mechanism of action has not yet been
established. Especially in case of different anticancer
activity. Mechanism of action of formononetin in various
diseased conditions will help us to find the drug target
which in turn helps us to design the formulations to reach
the target effectively.
Curcuma zedoaria belongs to the family Zingeberaceae. Hydroethanolic extract of Curcuma zedoaria ... more Curcuma zedoaria belongs to the family Zingeberaceae. Hydroethanolic extract of Curcuma zedoaria rhizome showed only the presence of alkaloids. Total phenol content was found to be 34.45±1.9 expressed as mg/g equivalent of gallic acid. Total flavonol content was found to be 45.56±2.38 mg/g equivalent of quercetin. In vitro antioxidant activity IC50 value for hydroethanolic extract was found to be 930±16.35 for DPPH method, >1000 µg/ml for Nitric oxide method. Concentration required for reducing power was found to be 2.525±0.023 µg/ml. total antioxidant capacity was found to be 230.2±1.32 which was expressed as mM equivalent of Ascorbic acid. The extract was found to be effective in reducing TC levels after 12 days of pre treatment with extract at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg b/w reduced by 17.1% and 19.65%. No significant changes were seen on LDL, VLDL and HDL cholesterol levels.
Acorus calamus Linn which belongs to the family Araceae. Fractionation of hydro ethanolic extract... more Acorus calamus Linn which belongs to the family Araceae. Fractionation of hydro ethanolic extract was carried out by using solvent-solvent extraction. In the phytoconstituents analysis the petroleum ether fraction showed the presence of alkaloids, flavanoids, saponins, triterpinoids, phenolic, protein and carbohydrates, chloroform fraction showed the presence of flavanoids, saponins, triterpinoids, phenolics, carbohydrates, the ethyl acetate fraction showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, triterpinoids, glycosides, the acetone fraction showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, triterpinoids and glycosides, the aqueous fraction showed the presence of alkaloids, flavanoids, triterpenoids, glycosides, phenolics and carbohydrate. The ethyl acetate fraction showed a considerable increase in the total phenolic content than those of the crude extract. Chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions have shown relatively good antioxidant potential in DPPH, ethyl acetate fraction showed good antioxidant property in ABTS method, alkaline DMSO Method, Hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity, and total antioxidant capacity. Chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions showed relatively good antibacterial potential at a concentration below 500 µg/ml against both gram positive and gram negative microorganisms, by cup plate method, the zone of inhibition ranging from 13 to 25mm diameter. The chloroform fraction showed a moderate antifungal activity at a concentration of 500 µg/ml, by cup plate method, the zone of inhibition was found to be 12 to 19 mm diameter. MIC for ethyl acetate and acetone fractions was found to be less than 500 µg/ml when compared to the crude extract and the other fractions. In cytotoxicity studies, chloroform fraction showed cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 cells with CTC 50 value of 110 µg/ml, whereas the rest of the fractions were moderately cytotoxic to the MCF-7 cell line with CTC 50 values ranging from 170-360 µg/ml.
Immobilization is a process used to restrict the freedom of movement of enzyme or cells. Immobili... more Immobilization is a process used to restrict the freedom of movement of enzyme or cells. Immobilization is a convenient term covering the methods of generation of heterogenous biocatalysts The use of immobilized cells as industrial catalysts has many operational advantages associated with the use of free cells together with number of additional merits. Immobilized microorganisms are convenient to handle and permit easy separation of product from the biocatalyst. Adsorption, covalent binding , entrapment, encapsulation , cross linking are the various methods adopted to immobilize the enzymes or whole cells. An support is used to immobilize the cells or enzyme. An ideal support and the choice of matrix for immobilization will depend on the nature of the bio-catalyst, nature of the reaction and its ultimate application in proper reactor geometry, commercial success has been achieved where the support material has been chosen for its flow characteristic, cost, non-toxicity and immobilization method tailored to give maximum bio-catalytic while retaining the desirable flow characteristic
Lutein is along with β-carotene, one of the most widely distributed carotenoids in fruits and veg... more Lutein is along with β-carotene, one of the most widely distributed carotenoids in fruits and vegetables frequently consumed by different populations. Chemically lutein is the dihydroxy derivative of αcarotene presenting two hydroxyl group at the terminal rings of the molecules. Lutein plays an important role in Prevention of Hypoxia-Induced Cell Damage in the Eye, in Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD), in Diabetic Retinopathy, in Retinal Detachment, Lutein in the Lens and in the Uvea. Lutein has become known as the "eye vitamin" and its dietary intake is important in maintaining its concentration in human lens and retina. It also gives protection to the skin against UV light radiations and cancer. Lutein had an Inhibitory effect on Epstein-Barr virus activation in tumor activity to suppress the tumor promotion. Lutein showed the anti-tumor promoting activities in mouse two-stage skin carcinogenesis and decreased the number of aberrant crypt foci in rat colon. Lutein suppressed tumorigenesis in skin and colon in mice.
Naringenin, aglycone flavonoid possess certain activities like anti-hepatoprotective and also hav... more Naringenin, aglycone flavonoid possess certain activities like anti-hepatoprotective and also have anti-cancer characteristics like carcinogenic inactivation, cell cycle arrest, anti-proliferation, apoptosis, anti-angiogenesis and enhances anti-oxidant activity. The inhibitory effect of Naringenin in lung tumor progression estimated with adenocarcinoma (A549) cell lines (in vitro) and C57BL/6 mice (in vivo) in a tri-dose manner compared with standard chemotherapy drug cisplatin. The results of the present study revealed, a dose-dependent activity in Naringenin and combination with cisplatin at a higher dose which showed decreased tumor progression in mice. Combination of Naringenin with cispaltin demonstrate beneficiaryaction than individual action. In vitro studies carried out for estimation of cell survivial and Nitric Oxide (NO) level shows dose dependent action of nringenin with IC 50 value of 42µg/ml. In vivo studies was carried out in C57BL/6 mice. Naringenin satisfied the condition of an anti-cancer molecule with its characteristics in fragmentation assay, Zymography assay, anti-oxidant and myeloperoxidase studies, than cispaltin which failed in anti-oxidant and myeloperoxidase effect. Both in vitro and in vivo establishes dose dependent decrease in NO levels. But whereas Naringenin showed adverse results in Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) enzymatic levels with increase in dose levels. In conclusion Naringenin could suppress the lung tumor
Alpinia galangal is a rhizome belongs to the family Zingeberaceae. Qualitative phytochemical anal... more Alpinia galangal is a rhizome belongs to the family Zingeberaceae. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of plant extracts showed the presence of majority of the compound including terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins and glycosides. The hydro alcoholic hot extract has shown high total phenol content 14.50 ± 0.210 mg/g and hydro alcoholic cold shown 12.59 ± 0.295 mg/g. Alpinia galangal hydro alcoholic extract prepared by hot maceration showed potent antioxidant activity with IC value 7.7 ± 0.121 μg/ml. The antihepatotoxicity produced by the extract at concentration of 200 and 400 μg/ml was effective against the D-Galactosamine induced hepatotoxicity, whereas at the concentration of 600 and 800 μg/ml it was found to be cytotoxic for both the hydro alcoholic extracts prepared by cold and hot maceration process. A significant increase in the levels of ASAT, ALAT, ALP, total Bilirubin, direct Bilirubin (P<0.001) and a significant reduction in the levels of TGL, total proteins and albumin (P< 0.001) was observed in hepatocytes exposed to D-Galactosamine when compared to normal hepatocytes. These cells when treated alone with different extract of Alpinia Galanga showed a significant restoration of the altered biochemical parameters towards the normal (P< 0.001) when compared to D-Galactosamine treated group) and were dose dependent. A similar result was obtained with the silymarin. The antihepatotoxic effect of extracts of Alpinia galangal was found to be 200 – 400 μg/ml concentration.
Quinoxaline-2, 3-dione obtained from cyclocondensation reaction of o-phenylene diamine with oxali... more Quinoxaline-2, 3-dione obtained from cyclocondensation reaction of o-phenylene diamine with oxalic acid, was reacted with chlorosulphonic acid under cold condition followed by a reaction with various benzimidazoles to give 2, 3-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-6-sulphonyl benzimidazoles in satisfactory yield. Their structures were confirmed using 1 H NMR, IR and mass analysis. Cytotoxicity of these derivatives were evaluated by growth inhibition of HEp-2 cells in vitro. The preliminary bioassay indicated that these compounds showed moderate cytotoxicity.
Novel benzimidazolo indane-1, 3-dione derivatives were synthesized and characterized by IR, 1 HNM... more Novel benzimidazolo indane-1, 3-dione derivatives were synthesized and characterized by IR, 1 HNMR and Mass spectral analysis. Biological screening of synthesized compounds allowed the identification of some novel anthelmintic agents bearing indane-1, 3-dione and benzimidazole scaffolds. Some of these compounds exhibited promising anthelmintic activities.
The term 'single cell protein' was coined in 1968 at a meeting held at the Massachusetts Institut... more The term 'single cell protein' was coined in 1968 at a meeting held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) to replace the less aesthetic 'microbial protein' and 'petroprotein' which were the terms originally used. Use of microbes as a food source may appear to be unacceptable to some people but the idea of consumption of microbes as food for man and animals is certainly innovative to solve the global food problem. Single cell protein (SCP) has many applications in food and feed industries The microorganisms which can be used as SCP include a variety of bacteria, marine microalgae, yeasts and molds Production of SCP using cheap materials as substrate provides an economically feasible source of protein for use in animal feed or the processing of products for human consumption, as it often meets dietary requirements for protein. Many microorganisms have been used to convert various substrates into biomass SCP production technologies arose as a promising way to solve the problem of worldwide protein shortage. They evolved as bioconversion processes which turned low-value by-products into products with added nutritional and market value and since SCP belongs to one of the cheapest protein products in the market, its production is profitable.
This paper deals with the comparison of genotoxicity produced by the hydro alcoholic extract of C... more This paper deals with the comparison of genotoxicity produced by the hydro alcoholic extract of Curcuma aromatica salisb and Curcuma zedoaria (christm) rosecoe with curcumin by Ames test, comet assay and Micronucleus test. Curcuma aromatica and Curcuma Zedoaria belongs to the family Zingiberaceae. In the presence of metabolic activation factor (S9), the revertant colonies were found to be more in the case of TA98 and TA 100 strains. When compared to positive control the numbers of revertant colonies were found to be more or less equivalent to negative control which confirmed the absence of genotoxic effect of test compounds. In the comet assay, among the three tested compounds, curcumin was found to be more genotoxic in nature when compared by Curcuma aromatica, Curcuma zedoaria. The damage of the cells was found to be more in the presence of metabolic activation factor than the absence of metabolic activation factor. This confirmed that the phytoconstituents are not genotoxic in nature but their metabolites that are formed in the presence of metabolic activation factor is mainly responsible for their genotoxic effect. In the Micronucleus test, when compared to the positive control (Methyl methane sulfonate at the concentration of 50 µg/ml), all the test compounds such as hydro alcoholic extract of Curcuma aromatica, Curcuma zedoaria, and Curcumin at the concentration of 50μg/ml showed less toxicity to HEp-2 cells. These results might either due to the presence of low concentration of curcumin in the extracts or due to the presence of other phytoconsituents that are present in the extract.
Many membrane bound proteins could act as important factor in maintaining the immunity. Vaccine p... more Many membrane bound proteins could act as important factor in maintaining the immunity. Vaccine production plays an important role in maintaining the health of an individual in turn the health of the country. Vaccines are not available for many infections that are caused by various pathogenic microorganisms. With the intention to develop the vaccine as well to identify the proteins that are responsible for the immunity this research are being carried out from the pathogen Fusarium moniliforme. From this microorganism, the membrane bound proteins has been isolated, precipitated, fractionated by using different coloum, purified and characterized by SDS-PAGE, silver staining method, western blotting method, electro blotting and immune detection. This research work would lead us to identify a membrane bound protein that could combine with the MHC protein which stimulates the B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes there by develop the immune responses against Fusarium moniliforme.
Ancient science of life, 2009
The leaves of Solanum indicum showed the presence of stellate trichome. Ethanolic extract of leav... more The leaves of Solanum indicum showed the presence of stellate trichome. Ethanolic extract of leaves Solanum indicum showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli where as chloroform extract, acetone extract and ethanol showed anti bacterial against pseudomonas. The aqueous extract did not show any anti microbial activity towards the tested organism. None of the extract showed anti fungal activity.
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery, 2011
... rivatives: A Preliminary Investigation on their Activity Against a Human Epithelial Carcinoma... more ... rivatives: A Preliminary Investigation on their Activity Against a Human Epithelial Carcinoma Cell Line Selvaraj Jubie* ,1 , Rajamanickam Gayathri 1 , Ammayappan Rajam Srividya* ,2 , Rajagopal Kalirajan 1 , Prabakaran Prabitha 1 , Sundaram Sankar 1 and Kannan Elango 1 ...
Food Chemistry, 2007
... The red wine vinegar (RWV) with 7.5% of acidity was supplied by a local producer. ... It deri... more ... The red wine vinegar (RWV) with 7.5% of acidity was supplied by a local producer. ... It derive from the acetification process of the red wine that is a process known (Andlauer et al., 2000) to decrease the phenolic content of RWV. ...
Archives of Biological Sciences, 2008
Cyclohexane and methanol extracts of leaves and inflorescences of Ampelopsis brevipedunculata and... more Cyclohexane and methanol extracts of leaves and inflorescences of Ampelopsis brevipedunculata and Parthenocissus tricuspidata are shown to exert significant cytotoxic action on both estrogen-dependent (MDA-MB-361) and estrogen-nondependent (MDA-MB-453) breast cancer cell lines. Methanol extracts of P. tricuspidata exhibited higher cytotoxicity for the MDA-MB-453 cell line (inflorescence: IC 50 =111.45 ± 2.56 μg/ml; leaves: IC 50 = 56.76 ± 7.11 μg/ml) than for MDA-MB-361. Cyclohexane extracts of A. brevipedunculata leaves exhibited high cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-453 (IC 50 =78.32 ± 0.1 μg/ml) and the estrogen-dependent MDA-MB-361 cell line (IC 50 =97.40 ± 2.61 μg/ml). The highest DPPH-scavenging ability was exhibited by methanol extracts of P. tricuspidata inflorescences, with IC 50 =7.55±0.07 μg/ml. The tested extracts possessed weak antimicrobial activity.
ABSTRACT: Novel benzimidazolo indane-1, 3-dione derivatives were synthesized and characterized by... more ABSTRACT: Novel benzimidazolo indane-1, 3-dione derivatives were synthesized and characterized by IR, 1HNMR and Mass spectral analysis. Biological screening of synthesized compounds allowed the identification of some novel anthelmintic agents ...
Formononetin is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which can be found in low concentrations in man... more Formononetin is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which
can be found in low concentrations in many dietary
products, which belongs to the family Fabaceae.
Chemical name of formononetin is Biochanin B; and its
IUPAC name is 7-Hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone; 7-
hydroxy-3-(4- methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one. Its
molecular formula is C16H12O4. Its molecular weight is
268.26408 g/mol. Formononetin has been proven to
show antimicrobial activity towards Giardia lamblia. It
acts as an antioxidant and as a neuroprotective agent in
Alzheimer’s disease. It also possess early fracture
healing potential, cardio protective activity, antilipidemic
properties, antidiabetic, antitumor and Neuroprotective
activity, It possess anticancer activity in lung cancer,
colorectal cancer and prostate cancer. Even though
formononetin shows different pharmacological actions,
for many studies, mechanism of action has not yet been
established. Especially in case of different anticancer
activity. Mechanism of action of formononetin in various
diseased conditions will help us to find the drug target
which in turn helps us to design the formulations to reach
the target effectively.