Andriamiadana Luc Rakotovao - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Andriamiadana Luc Rakotovao

Research paper thumbnail of Phénotypes de résistance des souches d’Escherichia coli responsables d’infection urinaire au laboratoire du Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Befelatanana Antananarivo

The Pan African medical journal, 2017

Phénotypes de résistance des souches d'Escherichia coliresponsables d'infection urinaire au labor... more Phénotypes de résistance des souches d'Escherichia coliresponsables d'infection urinaire au laboratoire du Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Befelatanana Antananarivo Resistant phenotypes of Escherichia coli strains responsible for urinary tract infection in the laboratory of the University Hospital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana, Antananarivo

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and factors associated with extended-spectrum βlactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae bacteraemia in University Hospital of Befelatanana, Madagascar

African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, 2021

Background: The extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae are a major cau... more Background: The extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae are a major cause of nosocomial bacteraemia. The objectives of this study are to describe the antibiotic resistance pattern of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae responsible for bacteraemia and identify factors associated with these infections in a University Hospital in Madagascar.Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of 300 randomly selected patients with clinical features of bacteraemia whose blood cultures were processed for isolation and identification of bacterial pathogens over a period of six months (October 2019 to March 2020) at the laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana. Blood culture samples were processed by conventional microbiological method for isolation of Enterobacteriaceae, which were identified to species level using Analytical Profile Index (API) 20E® test system. Antibiotic susceptibility of each isolate was performed by the disk diffusion techniqu...

Research paper thumbnail of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Urinary Tract Infection Seen in the Laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana

Archives of Microbiology & Immunology

Volume 6 • Issue 4 285 to improve the management of patients in hospitals. Thus, the aims of this... more Volume 6 • Issue 4 285 to improve the management of patients in hospitals. Thus, the aims of this study were to evaluate antibiotic resistance and to describe the factors associated with UTIs caused by K. pneumoniae. Materials and Methods Study design This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study of 524 results of CBEU of pus over a period of 8 months, from January 2022 to August 2022, at the laboratory of the University Hospital Center Joseph Raseta Befelatanana (CHUJRB) in Antananarivo, Madagascar. Study setting This study was carried out in the laboratory of the CHUJRB which is located in Antananarivo city in the Analamanga, region in Madagascar. This laboratory is a general-purpose medical analysis laboratory open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. This laboratory receives biological samples from patients hospitalized in Antananarivo hospitals or outpatients. The biological analyzes carried out in this laboratory are represented by hematological, biochemical, immunological, virological, parasitological and bacteriological analyses.

Research paper thumbnail of Antibiotic Resistance and Associated Factors with Purulent Skin Infections Due to Staphylococcus Aureus

Archives of Microbiology & Immunology

Background: Purulent skin infections due to Staphylococcus aureus are common in hospitals and are... more Background: Purulent skin infections due to Staphylococcus aureus are common in hospitals and are frequently due to secondary bacterial infections. The aims of this study were to evaluate antibiotic resistance and to describe the factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus purulent skin infections. Methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study of 179 results of cytobacteriological examinations of pus over a period of 18 months, from January 2021 to June 2022, at the laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana. Results: Among the 179 cytobacteriological examinations of pus, 131 cases were positive showing a hospital prevalence of 73.2%. Among the germs identified, 46 cases (25.7%) were represented by isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Regarding the associated factors, subjects aged 60 and over (30%) (p=0.32; NS), women (32.8%) (p=0.11; NS) and patients hospitalized in Internal Medicine departments (39.3%)(p=0 .02) were the most affected by Staphylococcus aureus purulent skin infections. Concerning the results of the antibiograms, the resistances of the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus to Penicillin G (97.8%), to Doxycycline (56.5%) and to Cotrimoxazole (41.3%) were the highest. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates were rare (4.3%) and all isolates were susceptible to Vancomycin. Conclusion: The prevention of cutaneous suppuration in vulnerable people is very important in hospital departments as well as hospital hygiene measures to fight against nosocomial infections. Similarly, it is necessary to limit the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in hospital departments to control the evolution of Staphylococus aureus isolates towards increasing antibiotic resistance.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of the Agglutination Test for the Identification of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates

Journal of Analytical Techniques and Research

Background: Staphylococcus aureus are among the most important and several pathogens in human inf... more Background: Staphylococcus aureus are among the most important and several pathogens in human infections. Objectives: The objectives of this study are to evaluate the efficacy of the agglutination test in the detection of Staphylococcus aureus in the laboratory and to identify the factors associated with staphylococcal infections. Methods: It is a prospective study of 100 isolates of staphylococci in a period of nine months from May 2021 to January 2022 in the University Hospital of Befelatanana. Results: Among of the 100 isolates of staphylococci, 49 (49%) were represented by Staphylococcus aureus. Concerning the prediction performance of the agglutination test, it has a sensitivity of 93.8%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 94.7%. Concerning the associated factors, the men (63%) (p=0.002), the patients aged 40 to 59 years (63%) (p=0.3; NS) and with suppuration (75%) (p=0.004) were the most affected by Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, Staphylococcus aureus was often identified in pus samples (72.4%) (p=0.0009). Conclusion: In brief, agglutination test is a good test and can replace the standard gold test for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Bis-Plus-D and API 20 Strep for the Identification of Streptococci in the Laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana Antananarivo Madagascar

Journal of Analytical Techniques and Research

Background: In medical analysis laboratories, techniques for identifying bacteria are currently b... more Background: In medical analysis laboratories, techniques for identifying bacteria are currently becoming more and more numerous. The objective of this study is to compare the Bis-Plus-D and the API 20 Strep for the identification of streptococci Methods: During the study period, 22 Gram-positive coci isolates were identified using Api 20 Strep and Bis-Plus-D. Results: During the study period, 22 isolates of streptococci were identified simultaneously using Bis-Plus-D and Api 20 Strep. The streptococci identified were represented by Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, Enterococcus columbae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus constellatus, Enterococcus durans Enterococcus casseliflavus, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. This study showed 50% of discordant results between Bis-Plus-D and Api 20 Strep. Regarding the bacterial identification qualities, they were all excellent (100%) for Api 20 Strep. For Bis-Plus-D, the identification qualities were excellent for 36.4% of bacteria, very good for 36.4% of bacteria, good for 22.7% of bacteria and intermediate for 4.5% of bacteria. Concerning the probability scores for exact identification of bacteria, they vary between 82% to 100% for Api 20 Strep and between 62.6% to 99.9% for Bis-Plus-D. Conclusion: Api 20 Strep remains the best identification bacterial system and can be used by all bacteriology laboratories for good identification of bacterial species.

Research paper thumbnail of Bacterial Infection and Antibiotic Resistance Seen in the Laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana

Archives of Microbiology & Immunology, 2022

Background: Bacterial infections are common in hospitals. The objectives of the present study are... more Background: Bacterial infections are common in hospitals. The objectives of the present study are to describe the bacteriological profile of bacterial infections and to assess the antibiotic resistance of bacteria at the Befelatananana University Hospital. Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study from July 01 to December 31, 2019 at the laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana. Results: Among the 1150 patients, 397 were affected by bacterial infections, for a prevalence of 34.5%. Enterobacteriaceae were the most frequently isolated with 164 (40%) bacteria identified. Women (40.8%; p = 10-6), subjects with suppurations and sores (70.7%; p = 10-6), subjects in intensive care (57.7%; p = 10-6) and patients

Research paper thumbnail of Thrombocytémie essentielle: les moyens de diagnostic à Madagascar

La Thrombocytemie Essentielle (TE), est un syndrome myeloproliferatif caracterise par un exces du... more La Thrombocytemie Essentielle (TE), est un syndrome myeloproliferatif caracterise par un exces durable de production de plaquettes fixe a 450 g/l par l'OMS. Dans les pays developpes sa frequence est en train d'augmenter, alors que dans les pays africains elle reste relativement rare. La clinique est dominee par la survenue d'evenements thrombotiques et hemorragiques. Son diagnostic n'est pas toujours evident il est fait souvent par elimination, mais surtout il n'existe pas de marqueur genetique qui permette un diagnostic de certitude. L'acutisation leucemique est rare et la mediane de survie est proche de la normale. Le but de cette etude est d'estimer la prevalence de cette maladie a Madagascar et de demontrer les moyens de diagnostic disponibles de cette maladie dans les pays en voie de developpement. Pour cela nous avons fait une etude retrospective se portant sur 3 ans ou on a rapporte 4 cas de TE au CHU/JRA Antananarivo. Dans cette etude les moyens d...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of the Coagulase Test in the Identification of Staphylococcus Aureus Strains

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus are among the most important and several pathogens in human i... more Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus are among the most important and several pathogens in human infections. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the efficacy of the coagulase test in the detection of Staphylococcus aureus in the laboratory and to identify the factors associated with Staphylococcal infections. Methods: It is a prospective study of 69 strains of Staphylococci in a period of six months from January 2019 to June 2019 in the University Hospital of Befelatanana. Results: Among of the 69 strains of Staphylococci, 47 (68%) were represented by Staphylococcus aureus. Concerning the prediction performance of the catalase test, It has a sensitivity of 93.6%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 88%. Concerning the associated factors, the men (71.1%) (p=0.46; NS), the patients aged 60 and over (76.5%) (p=0.63; NS), in resuscitation department (93.3%) (p=0.01) and with suppuration (100%) (p=10-3) were th...

Research paper thumbnail of Cytobacteriological Examination Of Urines And Urinary Tract Infection Seen In The Laboratory Of University Hospital Of Befelatanana

Background : Urinary tract infections are common in the community and the hospitals. The aims of ... more Background : Urinary tract infections are common in the community and the hospitals. The aims of this study are to describe the socio-demographic characteristics, uropathogen frequencies, and antimicrobial resistance rates of all patients with urinary tract infections. Methods : This is a prospective and descriptive study of 362 cytobacteriological urine examinations for a period of six months from July to December 2020. This study was carried out in the laboratory of the University Hospital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana Antananarivo in Madagascar. Results : Among 362 patients, 117 (32.3%) were affected by urinary tract infections. Women (37.1%) were more affected by men (26.3%) (p=0.02). Similarly, patients over 60 years of age (39%)(p=0.04) were the most affected by urinary tract infections. Bacteria were represented by enterobacteria (58.1%), streptococci (8.5%), non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli (3.4%), staphylococci (1.7%) and other microorganisms (28.2%). Concerning the antibi...

Research paper thumbnail of A study of antibiotic resistance of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae and some their associated factors in the laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana Antananarivo Madagascar

Background: Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae are common in hospital... more Background: Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae are common in hospitals. This study aims to describe the antibiotic resistance of these bacteria and their associated demographic and clinical factors. Methods: It was a prospective study of 73 isolates of ExtendedSpectrum Beta-Lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae for a period of six months from July to December 2019 in the laboratory of Befelatanana. Results: This study showed 73 (6.3%) isolates of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamasesproducing Enterobacteriaceae, represented by 25 (34.2%) isolates of Klebsiella spp, 24 (32.9%) isolates of Escherichia coli, 22 (30.1%) isolates of Enterobacter spp and 2 (2.7%) isolates of Proteus spp. The antibiotic resistance of these bacteria varied from 0% to 100% for all of the antibiotics tested. Resistance to aminoglycosides ranged from 0% (amikacin) to 69.9% (gentamycin). Resistance to quinolones ranged from 43.8% (levofloxacin) to 76.7% (nalidixic acid). Similarly, 60 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Haematological and Biochemical perturbations related to cardiovascular diseases seen in the University Hospital Center of Befelatanana Antananarivo Madagascar

Research paper thumbnail of Complete blood count of blood donors in Antananarivo Madagascar

International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research, 2018

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the values of the blood count of blood donors in... more Objective: This study was conducted to determine the values of the blood count of blood donors in Antananarivo.Methodology: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study from September 20th to November 09th, 2017 at the National Center for Blood Transfusion and the laboratory of Befelatanana University Hospital Antananarivo. The blood counts of all blood donors who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were measured. Normal values were defined by values between 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles.Results: Among the 249 blood donors selected, 126 were men and 123 were women. For erythrocyte parameters, the values of hemoglobin are between 129 g/l -181g/l in men and 116 g/l -161g/l in women. Regarding leukocyte parameters, the values of leukocytes are between 3.8G/l-10.2G/l in men and 4.0G/l - 9.9G/l in women. The numbers of platelets are between 148G/l- 425G/l in men and between 155G/ l-482G/l in women.Conclusion: Blood count values of blood donors in Antananarivo showed variations by age ...

Research paper thumbnail of Toxoplasmosis among Pregnant Women at the Intergrated Health Center in Mahajanga (Madagascar): A Preliminary Study

Serological screening for toxoplasmosis in pregnant women is not systematic in Madagascar. Howeve... more Serological screening for toxoplasmosis in pregnant women is not systematic in Madagascar. However, the urban lifestyle and the often precarious lifestyle of the population are a favourable factor in the onset of the disease. The objectives of this study were to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women who came for an initial prenatal visit at the Integrated Health Center (IHC) Mahabibo, and to determine the socio-demographic factors that can influence the serological status of these patients in order to propose suggestions for improving the management of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Madagascar.We conducted a prospective, descriptive and analytical study of pregnant women in first prenatal visit at the IHC Mahabibo from May to July 2018. A questionnaire on risk factors and knowledge of the pathology was conducted to participants. They have benefited a blood sample for free serological screening of toxoplasmosis using the Rapid Lab® EIA technique. A secon...

Research paper thumbnail of Factors associated with thrombocytosis at the University Hospital of Befelatanana Antananarivo Œ Advances in Biology & BioMedicine

Thrombocytosis are conditions frequently encountered in hospitals. This study aims to describe th... more Thrombocytosis are conditions frequently encountered in hospitals. This study aims to describe the factors associated with thrombocytosis in hospital patients and out patients. We undertook a case-control study of thrombocytosis between December 01, 2017, and May 31, 2018 in the laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana. Cases are represented by patients who had thrombocytosis in complete blood count. Controls had no thrombocytosis in complete blood count and were matched with cases each day of laboratory analysis. In this study, thrombocytosis decreases with age. Subjects older than 60 years are the least affected (OR, 0.16, 95% CI, 0.05-0.49). Women are less affected than men (OR = 0.89, 95% CI, 0.05-1.59). Thrombocytosis is often discovered accidentally during a health check (OR = 4.78, 95% CI, 1.76-13.21) and frequently affects outpatients. The cases present more abnormalities of blood cells than the controls. These abnormalities are mainly represented by anemia (OR=...

Research paper thumbnail of Concordance of the markers of inflammation for the diagnosis of inflammatory syndrome in Antananarivo

Imperial journal of interdisciplinary research, 2017

: The inflammatory syndrome is a syndrome frequently presented by the patient who has come to the... more : The inflammatory syndrome is a syndrome frequently presented by the patient who has come to the clinic. This study aims to establish the correlation between markers of inflammation in order to identify best marker of the inflammatory response. This is a retrospective and descriptive study for a period of two years in the Laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana Antananarivo. During the study period, the biological analysis of three markers represented by the C Reactive Protein (CRP), the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and the Blood Count have been done simultaneously in 664 patients. Concerning high CRP levels (57.5%) and high ESR levels (70.8%), 311 (46.8%) patients had a simultaneous elevation of these two markers. For the blood count, 79/112 leukocytosis (70.5%) (p <10 -6 ) are associated with CRP and ESR elevation; 157 (33.4%) anemic patients had an high VSH. Men (51.3%) (p = 0.05), subjects aged 60 years and over (59%) (p <10 -3 ), patients with pneumopathy (80.6%) (p <10 -6 ) and patients hospitalized in the pneumology department (66.7%) (p <10 -6 ) had a simultaneous elevation of CRP and ESR. CRP remains the best marker of inflammatory syndrome. However, the assay of 2 or more markers of inflammation is always more beneficial to the patient for the diagnosis, follow-up and management of the disease responsible for the inflammatory reaction.

Research paper thumbnail of Nugent Score and Vaginal Flora Abnormalities Seen in the Laboratory of University Hospital of Befelatanana

Background : Vaginal flora abnormalities are common in women in their genitally active period. Th... more Background : Vaginal flora abnormalities are common in women in their genitally active period. The aims of this study are to describe vaginal flora abnormalities and genital infections discovered from the Nugent score and to describe the associated factors with these abnormalities. Methods : This is a prospective and descriptive study of the microbiological results of the cervico-vaginal smears from the Nugent score and the microbiological culture for a period of six months from July to December 2019. This study was carried out in the laboratory of the University Hospital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana Antananarivo in Madagascar. Results : Among of the 161 cervico-vaginal smears, the score de Nugent associated of the microbiological results showed 52 (32.3%) cases of intermediate vaginal flora, 47(29.2%) cases of bacterial vaginosis, 46 (28.6%) cases of normal vaginal flora, 13 (8.1%) cases of vaginal candidiasis and 3(1.9%) cases of Staphylococcus aureus vaginitis. Concerning the Nugen...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Bis NEG-D and API 20E for the Identification of Gram-negative Bacilli in the Laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana Antananarivo Madagascar

European Journal of Biology and Biotechnology, 2021

In medical analysis laboratories, techniques for identifying bacteria are currently becoming more... more In medical analysis laboratories, techniques for identifying bacteria are currently becoming more and more numerous. The objective of this study is to compare the 2 bacterial identification systems Bis NEG-D and Api 20E for the identification of gram-negative bacilli. This is a qualitative evaluation of the Bis NEG-D compared to the gold standard Api 20E. During the study period, 32 Gram-negative bacilli isolates were identified simultaneously using Api 20E and Bis NEG-D. The samples are represented by 12 (37.5%) blood samples for blood culture, 12 (37.5%) urine samples for cytobacteriological examination of the urine, 06 (18.8%) pus samples for bacteriological examination of pus, a sample of the cerebrospinal fluid (3.1%) and a vaginal sample (3.1%).The bacteria identified were represented by Enterobacter spp, Escherichia col,i Klebsiella pneumonia, Shigella spp, Salmonella typhi, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas spp, Proteus mirabilis, Raoultella ornithinolytica and Bukholderi...

Research paper thumbnail of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Producing Extended-Spectrum Β-Lactamases seen in the Laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana Antananarivo Madagascar

Journal of Environmental Science and Public Health, 2021

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases is an important nosoco... more Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases is an important nosocomial pathogen. The objective of this study is to describe the factors associated with Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases infections. Methods: It is a prospective study of 113 isolates of K. pneumonia for a period of 18 months from January 2020 to June 2021 in the laboratory of the University Hospitals of Befelatanana. Results: Among 113 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 78 (69%) were represented by Klebsiella

Research paper thumbnail of Clinical, Therapeutic and Evolutive Aspects of Patients with Hemophilia in the Surgical Resuscitation Care Unit of Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona JRA Hospital Antananarivo

Case Reports in Clinical Medicine, 2019

Background: Hemophilia, a constitutional bleeding disease, has always been present in Madagascar ... more Background: Hemophilia, a constitutional bleeding disease, has always been present in Madagascar considering children who died after bleeding circumcision, as reported in the family history of the diagnosed patients. Hemophilia is serious because of the potentially fatal risk of hemorrhage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, outcome and therapeutic aspects of inpatients with hemophilia in the Surgical Resuscitation Unit of JRA Hospital in Antananarivo. Methodology: A descriptive and observational study was led about patients with hemophilia cared in the Surgical Resuscitation Unit from January 2011 to March 2018, studying age, type and severity of hemophilia, reason and duration of hospitalization, treatment instituted and outcome of patients. Results and comments: Thirty-six hemophiliacs (0.2%) were enrolled. The mean age was 9.52 years old; 52.78% were with hemophilia B and 47.22% with hemophilia A, mainly severe. Clinical manifestations were muscle hematomas (25.71%), gum bleeding (14%), epistaxis (14.28%), gastrointestinal bleeding (11.42%), intracranial hemorrhage (11.42%), post circumcision bleeding (11.42%), hematuria, intraperitoneal hematomas and hemarthrosis. Treatment was based on factor concentrate substitution when available. The length of stay ranged from one to thirty days. The evolution was favorable except for two deaths related to delayed management of intracranial hemorrhage. Three patients with hemophilia A developed inhibitors. The results showed that throughout these years of study, a change in management was noted alongside. Conclusion: Hemophilia cases requiring hospitalization were managed in surgical resuscitation unit. The evolution was How to cite this paper: Andrianjafiarinoa,

Research paper thumbnail of Phénotypes de résistance des souches d’Escherichia coli responsables d’infection urinaire au laboratoire du Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Befelatanana Antananarivo

The Pan African medical journal, 2017

Phénotypes de résistance des souches d'Escherichia coliresponsables d'infection urinaire au labor... more Phénotypes de résistance des souches d'Escherichia coliresponsables d'infection urinaire au laboratoire du Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Befelatanana Antananarivo Resistant phenotypes of Escherichia coli strains responsible for urinary tract infection in the laboratory of the University Hospital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana, Antananarivo

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and factors associated with extended-spectrum βlactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae bacteraemia in University Hospital of Befelatanana, Madagascar

African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, 2021

Background: The extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae are a major cau... more Background: The extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae are a major cause of nosocomial bacteraemia. The objectives of this study are to describe the antibiotic resistance pattern of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae responsible for bacteraemia and identify factors associated with these infections in a University Hospital in Madagascar.Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of 300 randomly selected patients with clinical features of bacteraemia whose blood cultures were processed for isolation and identification of bacterial pathogens over a period of six months (October 2019 to March 2020) at the laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana. Blood culture samples were processed by conventional microbiological method for isolation of Enterobacteriaceae, which were identified to species level using Analytical Profile Index (API) 20E® test system. Antibiotic susceptibility of each isolate was performed by the disk diffusion techniqu...

Research paper thumbnail of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Urinary Tract Infection Seen in the Laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana

Archives of Microbiology & Immunology

Volume 6 • Issue 4 285 to improve the management of patients in hospitals. Thus, the aims of this... more Volume 6 • Issue 4 285 to improve the management of patients in hospitals. Thus, the aims of this study were to evaluate antibiotic resistance and to describe the factors associated with UTIs caused by K. pneumoniae. Materials and Methods Study design This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study of 524 results of CBEU of pus over a period of 8 months, from January 2022 to August 2022, at the laboratory of the University Hospital Center Joseph Raseta Befelatanana (CHUJRB) in Antananarivo, Madagascar. Study setting This study was carried out in the laboratory of the CHUJRB which is located in Antananarivo city in the Analamanga, region in Madagascar. This laboratory is a general-purpose medical analysis laboratory open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. This laboratory receives biological samples from patients hospitalized in Antananarivo hospitals or outpatients. The biological analyzes carried out in this laboratory are represented by hematological, biochemical, immunological, virological, parasitological and bacteriological analyses.

Research paper thumbnail of Antibiotic Resistance and Associated Factors with Purulent Skin Infections Due to Staphylococcus Aureus

Archives of Microbiology & Immunology

Background: Purulent skin infections due to Staphylococcus aureus are common in hospitals and are... more Background: Purulent skin infections due to Staphylococcus aureus are common in hospitals and are frequently due to secondary bacterial infections. The aims of this study were to evaluate antibiotic resistance and to describe the factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus purulent skin infections. Methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study of 179 results of cytobacteriological examinations of pus over a period of 18 months, from January 2021 to June 2022, at the laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana. Results: Among the 179 cytobacteriological examinations of pus, 131 cases were positive showing a hospital prevalence of 73.2%. Among the germs identified, 46 cases (25.7%) were represented by isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Regarding the associated factors, subjects aged 60 and over (30%) (p=0.32; NS), women (32.8%) (p=0.11; NS) and patients hospitalized in Internal Medicine departments (39.3%)(p=0 .02) were the most affected by Staphylococcus aureus purulent skin infections. Concerning the results of the antibiograms, the resistances of the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus to Penicillin G (97.8%), to Doxycycline (56.5%) and to Cotrimoxazole (41.3%) were the highest. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates were rare (4.3%) and all isolates were susceptible to Vancomycin. Conclusion: The prevention of cutaneous suppuration in vulnerable people is very important in hospital departments as well as hospital hygiene measures to fight against nosocomial infections. Similarly, it is necessary to limit the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in hospital departments to control the evolution of Staphylococus aureus isolates towards increasing antibiotic resistance.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of the Agglutination Test for the Identification of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates

Journal of Analytical Techniques and Research

Background: Staphylococcus aureus are among the most important and several pathogens in human inf... more Background: Staphylococcus aureus are among the most important and several pathogens in human infections. Objectives: The objectives of this study are to evaluate the efficacy of the agglutination test in the detection of Staphylococcus aureus in the laboratory and to identify the factors associated with staphylococcal infections. Methods: It is a prospective study of 100 isolates of staphylococci in a period of nine months from May 2021 to January 2022 in the University Hospital of Befelatanana. Results: Among of the 100 isolates of staphylococci, 49 (49%) were represented by Staphylococcus aureus. Concerning the prediction performance of the agglutination test, it has a sensitivity of 93.8%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 94.7%. Concerning the associated factors, the men (63%) (p=0.002), the patients aged 40 to 59 years (63%) (p=0.3; NS) and with suppuration (75%) (p=0.004) were the most affected by Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, Staphylococcus aureus was often identified in pus samples (72.4%) (p=0.0009). Conclusion: In brief, agglutination test is a good test and can replace the standard gold test for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Bis-Plus-D and API 20 Strep for the Identification of Streptococci in the Laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana Antananarivo Madagascar

Journal of Analytical Techniques and Research

Background: In medical analysis laboratories, techniques for identifying bacteria are currently b... more Background: In medical analysis laboratories, techniques for identifying bacteria are currently becoming more and more numerous. The objective of this study is to compare the Bis-Plus-D and the API 20 Strep for the identification of streptococci Methods: During the study period, 22 Gram-positive coci isolates were identified using Api 20 Strep and Bis-Plus-D. Results: During the study period, 22 isolates of streptococci were identified simultaneously using Bis-Plus-D and Api 20 Strep. The streptococci identified were represented by Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, Enterococcus columbae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus constellatus, Enterococcus durans Enterococcus casseliflavus, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. This study showed 50% of discordant results between Bis-Plus-D and Api 20 Strep. Regarding the bacterial identification qualities, they were all excellent (100%) for Api 20 Strep. For Bis-Plus-D, the identification qualities were excellent for 36.4% of bacteria, very good for 36.4% of bacteria, good for 22.7% of bacteria and intermediate for 4.5% of bacteria. Concerning the probability scores for exact identification of bacteria, they vary between 82% to 100% for Api 20 Strep and between 62.6% to 99.9% for Bis-Plus-D. Conclusion: Api 20 Strep remains the best identification bacterial system and can be used by all bacteriology laboratories for good identification of bacterial species.

Research paper thumbnail of Bacterial Infection and Antibiotic Resistance Seen in the Laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana

Archives of Microbiology & Immunology, 2022

Background: Bacterial infections are common in hospitals. The objectives of the present study are... more Background: Bacterial infections are common in hospitals. The objectives of the present study are to describe the bacteriological profile of bacterial infections and to assess the antibiotic resistance of bacteria at the Befelatananana University Hospital. Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study from July 01 to December 31, 2019 at the laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana. Results: Among the 1150 patients, 397 were affected by bacterial infections, for a prevalence of 34.5%. Enterobacteriaceae were the most frequently isolated with 164 (40%) bacteria identified. Women (40.8%; p = 10-6), subjects with suppurations and sores (70.7%; p = 10-6), subjects in intensive care (57.7%; p = 10-6) and patients

Research paper thumbnail of Thrombocytémie essentielle: les moyens de diagnostic à Madagascar

La Thrombocytemie Essentielle (TE), est un syndrome myeloproliferatif caracterise par un exces du... more La Thrombocytemie Essentielle (TE), est un syndrome myeloproliferatif caracterise par un exces durable de production de plaquettes fixe a 450 g/l par l'OMS. Dans les pays developpes sa frequence est en train d'augmenter, alors que dans les pays africains elle reste relativement rare. La clinique est dominee par la survenue d'evenements thrombotiques et hemorragiques. Son diagnostic n'est pas toujours evident il est fait souvent par elimination, mais surtout il n'existe pas de marqueur genetique qui permette un diagnostic de certitude. L'acutisation leucemique est rare et la mediane de survie est proche de la normale. Le but de cette etude est d'estimer la prevalence de cette maladie a Madagascar et de demontrer les moyens de diagnostic disponibles de cette maladie dans les pays en voie de developpement. Pour cela nous avons fait une etude retrospective se portant sur 3 ans ou on a rapporte 4 cas de TE au CHU/JRA Antananarivo. Dans cette etude les moyens d...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of the Coagulase Test in the Identification of Staphylococcus Aureus Strains

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus are among the most important and several pathogens in human i... more Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus are among the most important and several pathogens in human infections. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the efficacy of the coagulase test in the detection of Staphylococcus aureus in the laboratory and to identify the factors associated with Staphylococcal infections. Methods: It is a prospective study of 69 strains of Staphylococci in a period of six months from January 2019 to June 2019 in the University Hospital of Befelatanana. Results: Among of the 69 strains of Staphylococci, 47 (68%) were represented by Staphylococcus aureus. Concerning the prediction performance of the catalase test, It has a sensitivity of 93.6%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 88%. Concerning the associated factors, the men (71.1%) (p=0.46; NS), the patients aged 60 and over (76.5%) (p=0.63; NS), in resuscitation department (93.3%) (p=0.01) and with suppuration (100%) (p=10-3) were th...

Research paper thumbnail of Cytobacteriological Examination Of Urines And Urinary Tract Infection Seen In The Laboratory Of University Hospital Of Befelatanana

Background : Urinary tract infections are common in the community and the hospitals. The aims of ... more Background : Urinary tract infections are common in the community and the hospitals. The aims of this study are to describe the socio-demographic characteristics, uropathogen frequencies, and antimicrobial resistance rates of all patients with urinary tract infections. Methods : This is a prospective and descriptive study of 362 cytobacteriological urine examinations for a period of six months from July to December 2020. This study was carried out in the laboratory of the University Hospital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana Antananarivo in Madagascar. Results : Among 362 patients, 117 (32.3%) were affected by urinary tract infections. Women (37.1%) were more affected by men (26.3%) (p=0.02). Similarly, patients over 60 years of age (39%)(p=0.04) were the most affected by urinary tract infections. Bacteria were represented by enterobacteria (58.1%), streptococci (8.5%), non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli (3.4%), staphylococci (1.7%) and other microorganisms (28.2%). Concerning the antibi...

Research paper thumbnail of A study of antibiotic resistance of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae and some their associated factors in the laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana Antananarivo Madagascar

Background: Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae are common in hospital... more Background: Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae are common in hospitals. This study aims to describe the antibiotic resistance of these bacteria and their associated demographic and clinical factors. Methods: It was a prospective study of 73 isolates of ExtendedSpectrum Beta-Lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae for a period of six months from July to December 2019 in the laboratory of Befelatanana. Results: This study showed 73 (6.3%) isolates of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamasesproducing Enterobacteriaceae, represented by 25 (34.2%) isolates of Klebsiella spp, 24 (32.9%) isolates of Escherichia coli, 22 (30.1%) isolates of Enterobacter spp and 2 (2.7%) isolates of Proteus spp. The antibiotic resistance of these bacteria varied from 0% to 100% for all of the antibiotics tested. Resistance to aminoglycosides ranged from 0% (amikacin) to 69.9% (gentamycin). Resistance to quinolones ranged from 43.8% (levofloxacin) to 76.7% (nalidixic acid). Similarly, 60 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Haematological and Biochemical perturbations related to cardiovascular diseases seen in the University Hospital Center of Befelatanana Antananarivo Madagascar

Research paper thumbnail of Complete blood count of blood donors in Antananarivo Madagascar

International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research, 2018

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the values of the blood count of blood donors in... more Objective: This study was conducted to determine the values of the blood count of blood donors in Antananarivo.Methodology: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study from September 20th to November 09th, 2017 at the National Center for Blood Transfusion and the laboratory of Befelatanana University Hospital Antananarivo. The blood counts of all blood donors who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were measured. Normal values were defined by values between 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles.Results: Among the 249 blood donors selected, 126 were men and 123 were women. For erythrocyte parameters, the values of hemoglobin are between 129 g/l -181g/l in men and 116 g/l -161g/l in women. Regarding leukocyte parameters, the values of leukocytes are between 3.8G/l-10.2G/l in men and 4.0G/l - 9.9G/l in women. The numbers of platelets are between 148G/l- 425G/l in men and between 155G/ l-482G/l in women.Conclusion: Blood count values of blood donors in Antananarivo showed variations by age ...

Research paper thumbnail of Toxoplasmosis among Pregnant Women at the Intergrated Health Center in Mahajanga (Madagascar): A Preliminary Study

Serological screening for toxoplasmosis in pregnant women is not systematic in Madagascar. Howeve... more Serological screening for toxoplasmosis in pregnant women is not systematic in Madagascar. However, the urban lifestyle and the often precarious lifestyle of the population are a favourable factor in the onset of the disease. The objectives of this study were to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women who came for an initial prenatal visit at the Integrated Health Center (IHC) Mahabibo, and to determine the socio-demographic factors that can influence the serological status of these patients in order to propose suggestions for improving the management of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Madagascar.We conducted a prospective, descriptive and analytical study of pregnant women in first prenatal visit at the IHC Mahabibo from May to July 2018. A questionnaire on risk factors and knowledge of the pathology was conducted to participants. They have benefited a blood sample for free serological screening of toxoplasmosis using the Rapid Lab® EIA technique. A secon...

Research paper thumbnail of Factors associated with thrombocytosis at the University Hospital of Befelatanana Antananarivo Œ Advances in Biology & BioMedicine

Thrombocytosis are conditions frequently encountered in hospitals. This study aims to describe th... more Thrombocytosis are conditions frequently encountered in hospitals. This study aims to describe the factors associated with thrombocytosis in hospital patients and out patients. We undertook a case-control study of thrombocytosis between December 01, 2017, and May 31, 2018 in the laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana. Cases are represented by patients who had thrombocytosis in complete blood count. Controls had no thrombocytosis in complete blood count and were matched with cases each day of laboratory analysis. In this study, thrombocytosis decreases with age. Subjects older than 60 years are the least affected (OR, 0.16, 95% CI, 0.05-0.49). Women are less affected than men (OR = 0.89, 95% CI, 0.05-1.59). Thrombocytosis is often discovered accidentally during a health check (OR = 4.78, 95% CI, 1.76-13.21) and frequently affects outpatients. The cases present more abnormalities of blood cells than the controls. These abnormalities are mainly represented by anemia (OR=...

Research paper thumbnail of Concordance of the markers of inflammation for the diagnosis of inflammatory syndrome in Antananarivo

Imperial journal of interdisciplinary research, 2017

: The inflammatory syndrome is a syndrome frequently presented by the patient who has come to the... more : The inflammatory syndrome is a syndrome frequently presented by the patient who has come to the clinic. This study aims to establish the correlation between markers of inflammation in order to identify best marker of the inflammatory response. This is a retrospective and descriptive study for a period of two years in the Laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana Antananarivo. During the study period, the biological analysis of three markers represented by the C Reactive Protein (CRP), the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and the Blood Count have been done simultaneously in 664 patients. Concerning high CRP levels (57.5%) and high ESR levels (70.8%), 311 (46.8%) patients had a simultaneous elevation of these two markers. For the blood count, 79/112 leukocytosis (70.5%) (p <10 -6 ) are associated with CRP and ESR elevation; 157 (33.4%) anemic patients had an high VSH. Men (51.3%) (p = 0.05), subjects aged 60 years and over (59%) (p <10 -3 ), patients with pneumopathy (80.6%) (p <10 -6 ) and patients hospitalized in the pneumology department (66.7%) (p <10 -6 ) had a simultaneous elevation of CRP and ESR. CRP remains the best marker of inflammatory syndrome. However, the assay of 2 or more markers of inflammation is always more beneficial to the patient for the diagnosis, follow-up and management of the disease responsible for the inflammatory reaction.

Research paper thumbnail of Nugent Score and Vaginal Flora Abnormalities Seen in the Laboratory of University Hospital of Befelatanana

Background : Vaginal flora abnormalities are common in women in their genitally active period. Th... more Background : Vaginal flora abnormalities are common in women in their genitally active period. The aims of this study are to describe vaginal flora abnormalities and genital infections discovered from the Nugent score and to describe the associated factors with these abnormalities. Methods : This is a prospective and descriptive study of the microbiological results of the cervico-vaginal smears from the Nugent score and the microbiological culture for a period of six months from July to December 2019. This study was carried out in the laboratory of the University Hospital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana Antananarivo in Madagascar. Results : Among of the 161 cervico-vaginal smears, the score de Nugent associated of the microbiological results showed 52 (32.3%) cases of intermediate vaginal flora, 47(29.2%) cases of bacterial vaginosis, 46 (28.6%) cases of normal vaginal flora, 13 (8.1%) cases of vaginal candidiasis and 3(1.9%) cases of Staphylococcus aureus vaginitis. Concerning the Nugen...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Bis NEG-D and API 20E for the Identification of Gram-negative Bacilli in the Laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana Antananarivo Madagascar

European Journal of Biology and Biotechnology, 2021

In medical analysis laboratories, techniques for identifying bacteria are currently becoming more... more In medical analysis laboratories, techniques for identifying bacteria are currently becoming more and more numerous. The objective of this study is to compare the 2 bacterial identification systems Bis NEG-D and Api 20E for the identification of gram-negative bacilli. This is a qualitative evaluation of the Bis NEG-D compared to the gold standard Api 20E. During the study period, 32 Gram-negative bacilli isolates were identified simultaneously using Api 20E and Bis NEG-D. The samples are represented by 12 (37.5%) blood samples for blood culture, 12 (37.5%) urine samples for cytobacteriological examination of the urine, 06 (18.8%) pus samples for bacteriological examination of pus, a sample of the cerebrospinal fluid (3.1%) and a vaginal sample (3.1%).The bacteria identified were represented by Enterobacter spp, Escherichia col,i Klebsiella pneumonia, Shigella spp, Salmonella typhi, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas spp, Proteus mirabilis, Raoultella ornithinolytica and Bukholderi...

Research paper thumbnail of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Producing Extended-Spectrum Β-Lactamases seen in the Laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana Antananarivo Madagascar

Journal of Environmental Science and Public Health, 2021

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases is an important nosoco... more Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases is an important nosocomial pathogen. The objective of this study is to describe the factors associated with Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases infections. Methods: It is a prospective study of 113 isolates of K. pneumonia for a period of 18 months from January 2020 to June 2021 in the laboratory of the University Hospitals of Befelatanana. Results: Among 113 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 78 (69%) were represented by Klebsiella

Research paper thumbnail of Clinical, Therapeutic and Evolutive Aspects of Patients with Hemophilia in the Surgical Resuscitation Care Unit of Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona JRA Hospital Antananarivo

Case Reports in Clinical Medicine, 2019

Background: Hemophilia, a constitutional bleeding disease, has always been present in Madagascar ... more Background: Hemophilia, a constitutional bleeding disease, has always been present in Madagascar considering children who died after bleeding circumcision, as reported in the family history of the diagnosed patients. Hemophilia is serious because of the potentially fatal risk of hemorrhage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, outcome and therapeutic aspects of inpatients with hemophilia in the Surgical Resuscitation Unit of JRA Hospital in Antananarivo. Methodology: A descriptive and observational study was led about patients with hemophilia cared in the Surgical Resuscitation Unit from January 2011 to March 2018, studying age, type and severity of hemophilia, reason and duration of hospitalization, treatment instituted and outcome of patients. Results and comments: Thirty-six hemophiliacs (0.2%) were enrolled. The mean age was 9.52 years old; 52.78% were with hemophilia B and 47.22% with hemophilia A, mainly severe. Clinical manifestations were muscle hematomas (25.71%), gum bleeding (14%), epistaxis (14.28%), gastrointestinal bleeding (11.42%), intracranial hemorrhage (11.42%), post circumcision bleeding (11.42%), hematuria, intraperitoneal hematomas and hemarthrosis. Treatment was based on factor concentrate substitution when available. The length of stay ranged from one to thirty days. The evolution was favorable except for two deaths related to delayed management of intracranial hemorrhage. Three patients with hemophilia A developed inhibitors. The results showed that throughout these years of study, a change in management was noted alongside. Conclusion: Hemophilia cases requiring hospitalization were managed in surgical resuscitation unit. The evolution was How to cite this paper: Andrianjafiarinoa,