Cytobacteriological Examination Of Urines And Urinary Tract Infection Seen In The Laboratory Of University Hospital Of Befelatanana (original) (raw)
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Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
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African health sciences
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common human infections. Many urinary tract bacteria are capable of expressing drug resistance. Resistant bacteria may be present from the commencement of the infection or may develop during treatment. This study focused on the problem of antibiotic resistance to the first-line drugs that were used to treat patients presenting with urinary tract infections at Rubaga hospital in Kampala, Uganda. The objective of this study was to isolate and identify the major bacterial pathogens of symptomatic and asymptomatic UTIs among patients at Rubaga hospital. Furthermore, the study sought to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the major bacterial isolates to the first-line drugs used to treat UTIs at Rubaga hospital. Urine samples were aseptically collected and examined microscopically and were microbiologically cultured on blood agar, nutrient agar and on MacConkey agar. The isolates obtained were then identified using sta...
BMC Infectious Diseases, 2019
Background Bacterial infection of the urinary tract is among the common reasons for seeking medical attention in the community. Rapidly increasing antibiotic resistance of uropathogens is resulting in limited treatment options. Therefore, knowledge of the current uropathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility is important for better treatment of urinary tract infection. Methods A cross-sectional study design was conducted from February to September thirty, 2017 among students who came to Mekelle University student’s clinics with symptomatic urinary tract infection during the study period.. Mid-stream urine specimens were collected from 341individuals with suspected urinary tract infection for bacteriological identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Data on socio-demographic, clinical and risk factors were also collected using a structured questionnaire. Results Among the 341 study participants, 72(21.1%) showed significant bacteriuria. Escherichia coli (48.6%), Coa...
2021
Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the leading causes of morbidity in the general population, and is the second most common infectious disease after respiratory infections. Appropriate antibiotic therapy is essential to achieving good therapeutic results. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the profile of pathogens cultured from urinary tract infections and to determine their resistance profiles to commonly prescribed antibiotics. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out at the National Referral Laboratory of the Ethiopian Institute of Public Health from January 2017 to December 2018. All positive cultures were characterized by colony morphology, Gram stain, and standard biochemical tests. The antimicrobial susceptibility test of the isolate was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test on Muller-Hinton agar. In addition, bacterial identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and phenotypic detection of MDR were performed with VITEK 2 Compact according to the manufacturer's instructions. Result Out of 1012 cultured urine specimens, 325 (32.1%) was showed significant bacteriuria. The overall prevalence of UTIs was 325(32.1%) and the highest prevalence rate was obtained from 21-30 years age group 73(22.5%). Among UTIs patients, 583(57.6%) were females and 429(42.4%) were males. The UTIs of 179 (55%) women is relatively higher than that of men 146 (45%). Among 325 isolates, Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) appeared more frequently 252 (51.7%) than Gram-positive bacteria 63 (19.4%). In GNB, E. coli 168(66.7%), Klebsiella species 32(12.7%), and Enterobacter species 13 (5.2%) were dominated isolates whereas in GPB accounted for coagulase-negative
Changing profile and increasing antimicrobial resistance of uropathogenic bacteria in Madagascar
Medecine et maladies infectieuses, 2015
We wanted to update the distribution of community-acquired uropathogens and to estimate their susceptibility profile to newly available antibiotics in Antananarivo (Madagascar). We conducted a 3-year preliminary study (2011-2013) on bacteria isolated from the urine of patients at the Laboratory of Training and Research in Medical Biology (Antananarivo). Three hundred and fifty-seven pathogens were isolated: 234 (65.55%) Gram-negative bacilli and 123 (34.45%) Gram-positive cocci. The most commonly isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli (89 strains) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (48 strains). Thirty-three percent of Gram-negative bacilli were resistant to 3CG. Forty percent of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were significantly resistant to imipenem (P=0.01). The increased resistance to newly available antibiotics and the increased rate of Gram-positive cocci strains require a drastic surveillance of antibiotic resistance to ensure appropriate empirical treatment.
International Journal of Microbiology
Background. Bacterial urinary tract infection is among the most common community and hospital-acquired infections. Therefore, to know the status of the community and hospital-acquired urinary tract infection, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and associated factors among urinary tract infection profiles are essential to physicians and health workers to implement appropriate intervention. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 urinary tract infection suspected patients. All isolates were identified by standard microbiological techniques, and their antibiotic susceptibility was done by the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Data were entered using EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS software version 20. P value < 0.05 at 95% CI was considered statistically significant. Result. Of 422 urine samples processed, 100 (23.7%) yielded bacterial isolates. About 50(30.7%) and 50(19.3%) were bacterial isolates from the community and hospitalized...
Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is among the most common reasons for patients to seek health assistance that is commonly encountered in office practices. This is also a leading cause of Gram negative sepsis in hospitalized patients. Objectives: This study was carried out in order to isolate, characterize and identify the pathogens associated with UTI in two teaching hospitals at Osun state, Nigeria and to determine their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Methods: This was a prospective observational study involving standard microbiological procedures for analysing urine samples of inpatient and outpatient cases of UTI. Identification of these pathogens was performed using Microbact/API identification system. Results: Out of the 300 urine samples cultured, 88 (29.3%) yielded significant growth of urinary pathogens while 212 (70.7%) yielded either insignificant growth or no growth of any urinary pathogen. Escherichia coli 19 (21.6%) were the commonest pathogen isolated followed by Klebsiella pneumonia 14 (15.9%), Staphylococcus aureus 12(13.6%), Candida albicans 12(13.6%), Pseudomonas aerugenosa 9 (10.2%), Klebsiella oxytoca 8 (9.1%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus 6 (6.8%), Serratia rubidaea 3 (3.4%), Enterobacter agglomerans 2 (2.3%), Acinetobacter iwoffii 1 (1.1%), Acinetobacter baumannii 1 (1.1%), Providencia retgerri 1 (1.1%). The susceptibility of Gram negative bacteria (GNB) were mainly toward parenteral antibiotic rather than oral one, while most of the common antibiotic showed a resistant pattern. UTI was more prevalent among patients within hospital setting 71(80.7%) than out-patients 17(19.3%). Conclusion: This study justifies the necessity to treat patients with UTI based on antimicrobial susceptibility test result in order to prevent evolution of resistant pathogens. Since UTI has large impact on the socio-economy and emergence of bacterial resistance, periodic surveillance of antibiotic susceptibility is strongly recommended.
Khwaja Yunus Ali University Journal, 2022
The objective of the cross-sectional study was to culture urine samples from patients with UTIs and The crosssectional study aimed to identify the most common bacterial pathogens that cause urinary tract infections and the drug susceptibility patterns of those isolates. A 671 of fresh morning midstream urine samples were examined microscopically and cultured on Chromogenic UTI agar, Blood agar and MacConkey agar to isolate the pathogens. Isolated pathogens were identified through colony morphology, microscopic studies, and biochemical indications. Finally, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were determined by Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI, 2018). Ninety-seven urine samples out of 671 samples yielded a positive culture. Most of the bacteria among all isolates were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which accounted for 62.9% and 25.7% respectively and others 11.4% of urinary pathogens namely Pseudomonas spp. (5.2%), Enterococcus spp. (4.1%), and Proteus spp. (2.1%). Female patients were more likely to be isolated (72.16%) than male patients (27.84%). The fourth generation Carbapenems antibiotics of Imipenem and Meropenem were more effective to in all bacterial pathogens. The β-lactam antibiotic of Amoxycillin and cephalosporin antibiotic of Cefixime were showed highly resistant to both of Gram positive and Gram negative uropathogens. Complicated urinary tract infections and antimicrobial resistance pose a significant threat to treating this infection. Therefore, using antimicrobial agents properly and developing public awareness can reduce the issue of antimicrobial resistance.
SAGE Open Medicine
Background: Urinary tract infection is a common infection posing a significant healthcare burden globally. Currently, it is becoming hard to manage due to the drug resistance of uropathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the rate of culture positivity and the susceptibility pattern of isolates among clinically diagnosed patients with urinary tract infection. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on patients clinically diagnosed with urinary tract infections and received a drug prescription at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital from August 2018 to June 2019. A clean-catch mid-stream urine specimen was collected and bacterial identification and susceptibility test were performed using standard microbiological methods. Data were entered into EpiInfo 7 and exported to STATA 15 for analysis. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and bi-variate and multivariate regression analyses and presented with graphs, frequency, and tables. Results: A tota...
नेपाल मेडिकल जर्नल, 2022
Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTI) is applied to clinical conditions which range from asymptomatic bacteriuria to severe infection of the kidney with the development of sepsis. The pharmacotherapy of UTIs is grounded on the predictable spectrum of causative agents and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Thus, this study aims to assess the bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolated bacteria among patients with urinary tract infection. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from August to December 2021 among patients who came to various departments of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences (KAHS), Jumla with suspected urinary tract infection during the study period. Mid-stream urine specimens were collected from 365 individuals for bacteriological identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Data on socio-demographic, clinical and risk factors were also collected using a structured proforma. Isolates were identified by standard microbiological methods and tested for in vitro antibiotic susceptibility by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method Results: Among the 365 Urine samples, 98(26.8%) showed significant bacteriuria. Escherichia coli (67.3 %), Enterococcus spp. (14.3%), Acinetobacter spp. (7.1%) were common bacterial isolates. The Gramnegative isolates were most resistant to Cefixime (67.4%), Ampicillin (65.06%) and most sensitive to Nitrofurantoin (98.7%). Gram-positive isolates were highly resistant to Ampicillin (66.6%) and most sensitive to Vancomycin (100%). Conclusions: Our study concluded that there is pronounced increase in cases of UTIs and antimicrobial resistance with commonly prescribed antibiotics has been observed.