Anima Nanda - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Anima Nanda

Frontiers in Microbiology, Apr 6, 2022

The utility of fungi as stabilizing and reducing agents in the biogenic synthesis of silver nanop... more The utility of fungi as stabilizing and reducing agents in the biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles is striking due to the production of large quantities of biomolecules of minute toxic residuals. During the current study, sunlight-and dark-assessed silver nanoparticles were synthesized from wasp nest fungus, Paecilomyces variotii, at different pHs. Synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at 6 pH were found to be more prominent than at 7 and 8 pHs. AgNPs were within the 20-to 90-nm range and were polygonal and elongated in shape. FTIR spectra of lightmediated AgNPs showed diverse transmittance bands than the silver nanoparticles synthesized in the dark. The synthesized AgNPs were found with diverse antimicrobial activities against pathogenic MTCC bacterial strains, i.e., Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli, Shewanella putrefaciens, and fungus, Candida albicans. Aqueous filtrate and filtrate-mediated AgNPs combined with methanol solvent extract of yeast extract manitol broth (YEMB) had more inhibitory effects on all bacteria and Candida albicans. Furthermore, the combined effect of AgNPs and methanol solvent extract from YEMB culture filtrate was found more effective against E. coli, while AgNPs combined with methanol solvent of aqueous filtrate had inhibitory effects on E. coli and Candida albicans.

Journal of King Saud University - Science

International journal of health sciences

The present study was aimed to the biosynthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles using leaf extract of... more The present study was aimed to the biosynthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles using leaf extract of Lavandula angustifolia. The nanoparticles were characterized by different techniques like UV-Visible spectroscopy, FESEM analysis, and X-ray diffraction. From the UV-Visible spectra analysis, it was observed the peak obtained at 350 nm confirmed the biosynthesis of LA-ZnONPs. The shape and size of LA-ZnONPs were confirmed by FESEM analysis, and from FESEM analysis it was found that the LA-ZnONPs were truncated and triangular in shape with an average size of 61.52 nm respectively. Further, the XRD analysis showed the LA-ZnONPs were crystalline in nature. By using well diffusion assay, the antibacterial activity of LA-ZnONPs was investigated against gram-positive S. aureus (ATCC 25923) and gram-negative E. coli (ATCC 11229) pathogens in a dose-dependent manner. The LA-ZnONPs exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against both the pathogens. The LA-ZnONPs thus possessed excellent antib...

The present study focused on probiotic, isolated fr om Cocus nucifera’s toddy. Six Organisms were... more The present study focused on probiotic, isolated fr om Cocus nucifera’s toddy. Six Organisms were isol ated from toddy and it was characterized and optimized with vparameters to show the organism is probiotic . Among the six isolate one strain was confirmed as Lactoba cillus species by various Bio Chemical and Gram sta ining and named as K 3. Characterization and optimization study such as pH, bile salt and salt tolerant was performed to confirm it as probiotic. In optimization studies th e pH range of about 4 and salt tolerance 7 % concen tration and bile salt concentration range about 4% showed maxim um bacterial population thus the organism K3 (Lacto bacillus sps) was taken for further study to determine its a ntimicrobial efficacy against human pathogens.

Hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of three medicinal plants viz., Andrographis paniculata, Cassia alat... more Hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of three medicinal plants viz., Andrographis paniculata, Cassia alata and Morinda citrifolia were prepared by soxhlet extraction method. The antibacterial activity of hydro-alcoholic leaf extracts were carried out in-vitro using disc diffusion method against six different bacterial strains viz., gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis) and gram negative (Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens and Proteus vulgaris). The antibiotic potency of leaf extract was compared with the standard antibiotics, Rifamycin and Amoxyclav. Leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata was recorded with remarkable inhibition ability against the tested organisms and it was followed by Cassia alata and Morinda citrifolia. Rifamycin was found to be good drug in controlling the pathogens in comparison to Amoxyclav in our study. Pseudomonas aeruginosa didn't respond to any extracts or the antibiotics and become resistant to all at 15 µl dilution of the extract. Amoxyclav was recorded with low responsive to prevent the growth of the bacteria studied herewith.

Objective: In the recent scenario, progress in nano-biotechnology research has made a great devel... more Objective: In the recent scenario, progress in nano-biotechnology research has made a great development particularly in the field of medicine based on metallic nanoparticles with antibacterial property to combat the pathogenic bacteria, who are resistance to varied antibiotics. Silver nanoparticle has its own advantages in order to kill the microbes effectively. Methods: In this paper, extracellular biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles was made from Penicillium pinophilum (MTCC 2192). The characterization of the nanoparticles was carried out as well as its antibiotic efficacy was evaluated in addition with the antibiotics. Results: The development of yellowish brown color in the conical flask suggested the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The AgNPs was investigated by the UV-Vis spectroscopy, which confirmed the presence of silver nanoparticles in the prepared solution. Characters of these silver nanoparticles were further studied by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTI...

From long time ago, the use of silver nanoparticles to control the growth and prevalence of disea... more From long time ago, the use of silver nanoparticles to control the growth and prevalence of disease causing bacteria is well known. In recent times, bacteria make themselves resistant to varied antibiotics based on their genes present in the plasmids. During the present study, an effective approach was performed to synthesize potent silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from two mould fungi; Alternaria sp. and Alternaria alternata. The appearance of yellowish brown color in the conical flask suggested the formation of AgNPs. The extract of the fungus culture changed the solution into brownish color during the reaction. The characterization of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by UvVis spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Size of the nanoparticles measured between 20nm to 30nm by FESEM. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were subjected to their characterization by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique to determine the metallic nature of nanoparticles. The XRD anal...

Silver in its original form or in the form nanoparticles has been known from time immemorial in o... more Silver in its original form or in the form nanoparticles has been known from time immemorial in order to control different types of diseases. During last few decades, bacteria have made themselves resistant to varied antibiotics available in the market based on their genetic configurations. In our present study, simple and effective approach was performed to synthesize potent silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from hyphomycetes fungus, Alternaria using potato dextrose broth with AgNo 3. The appearance of yellowish brown color in the conical flask suggested the formation of AgNPs. The supernatant of the fungus culture changed the solution into yellowish brown color upon the completion of 10 minute reaction. The characterization and silver nature of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by Uv-Vis spectrophotometer, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and XRD analysis. Size of the nanoparticles measured between 50nm to 60nm by FESEM. AgNPs showed impressive antimicrobial activity against the selected pathogens, but when the nanoparticles were tested against the test pathogens combined with two drugs, penicillin and tetracycline, the efficacy of the drugs was multiplied, particularly in the case of tetracycline in comparison to penicillin.

2 Abstract: During non invasive diagnosis of arthritis the readings were obtained on the skin sur... more 2 Abstract: During non invasive diagnosis of arthritis the readings were obtained on the skin surface near the joint region. The observed readings vary as a function of input voltage and frequency. The current study analyzes the impact of input voltage and frequency variation in diagnosed output readings. Electrical Bio- Impedance is the measure of opposition given by the tissue for applied electrical signal. The Bio-impedance values are measured in terms of voltage drop across the joint tissue region as tissue can be represented as resistance and capacitive reactance. These resistance and reactance varies from normal person to Arthritis patient for a fixed frequency and voltage. If input voltage or frequency was varied the measured voltage drop in terms of bio-impedance varies. In this paper the effect of input frequency and voltage on output measurement has been analysed. Hardware section made using signal generator circuit with variable frequency and variable voltage provision. T...

Proceedings of the International Conference on Nanotechnology for Better Living, 2016

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2017

Fungi are omnipresent in nature and their dispersal found within and outside of different environ... more Fungi are omnipresent in nature and their dispersal found within and outside of different environments and organize the major portion of the suspended bioparticulate material in the air. An aeromycological survey of few village localities of Pondicherry region were conceded out by employing volumetric Burkard’s personal sampler using PDA mediated petridishes during 2015-16. Air samplings were made for one year at intervals of 15 days for isolating the predominant fungi from the study sites at diurnal times viz., morning noon and evening. Altogether, 65 fungal species under 51 genera were isolated, among which Aspergillus spp were recorded as the dominant followed by Penicillium spp. The occurrence of spores was established variable in between the village localities. In daytime occurrence, noon time was found to harbor more number of spores in composition and concentration than morning and evening in the sites. Seasonal frequency of fungal spores was quite regular in their findings in our study, and showed the trend more in winter surveyed by summer and rainy. Fungi like Absidia, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Fusarium, Monascus, Mucor, Paecilomyces, Rhizopus, Trichoderma, Verticillium and Wallemia were also recorded in addition to aspergilli and penicilli. The spores of aspergilli and penicilli were found as predominant probably due to their wide host range, substrate adaptability and opportunistic nature. The professional variations and climatic variation had influence on manifestation of aeromycospora in the village localities.

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science, 2018

In current scenario it is a big challenge for keeping good health. The adulterate food we get in ... more In current scenario it is a big challenge for keeping good health. The adulterate food we get in the market makes the researcher to think for safeguarding their digestive system. To solve the problem probiotics which are the live bacteria and yeasts helps in our good health, especially our digestive system. To keep our gut healthy the present study has focused on two probiotic organisms namely Lactobacillus fermentum (KT183369) and Bacillus subtilis sub sp. Inaquasporium (KR816099) were isolated from coconut toddy and they were optimized for their probiotic nature. Further, the probiotic bacteria were analysed and have been found to show good adhesive property towards the host cell. During this study, the adhesive properties of probiotic bacteria could be identified by using ornamental fish black moley (Poeciliasphenops) and also by Microbial Adhesion To Hydrocarbon assay (MATH assay) using toluene as solvent. The probiotic bacterium showed good adhesive properties in both in vivo and in vitrostudies using aquatic fish and its pathogen, Vibrio paraheamolyticus respectively. Additionally, during this study, the fishes were infected along with the probiotic feed to check their mortality rate and the hydrophobicity percentage of the probiotic organisms was also calculated using the assay method during.

International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 2017

Probiotics is defined as live microorganisms which, when administrated in adequate amounts, confe... more Probiotics is defined as live microorganisms which, when administrated in adequate amounts, confers a health benefit to the host. It has received renewed attention recently from product manufacturers, researches and consumers. Probiotic organisms were isolated from Cocus nucifera's, the common name, toddy. The bacterial isolates screened out from toddy were identified and confirmed as Bacillus subtilis by biochemical methods, gram staining and nucleotide sequencing. Characterization and optimization of its probiotic nature was performed by subjecting the organism for tolerance against NaCl, pH and Bile salt. The organism showed good optimization growth at 4% for bile and 5% for NaCl. The organism was checked for its antimicrobial efficiency against human bacterial pathogens and found satisfactory based on its In-vitro study. From the present study, it was confirmed that the probiotic microbes do have the antibacterial properties in addition to their health benefits.

Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology, 2014

Joint pain is generally a common disorder not only for the old aged people but also for the immun... more Joint pain is generally a common disorder not only for the old aged people but also for the immunocompromised patients. The present proposed study reveals the presence of inflammatory diseases in joint generally diagnosed by removing synovial fluid and changes in the volume and composition are examined for the presence of WBC and crystals. This study implement a non-invasive approach to identify the changes in joint fluid by measuring the changes in electrical property of the synovial tissue under the influence of electrical current signal with frequency range between 100 kHz to 300 kHz. The response of tissue for the current signal was measured in terms of potential drop across the tissue. The hardware system design consists of input and output sections. The input section which applies current signal to upper limb joint region is made of ICL8038 function generator IC with amplifier and voltage to current converter. The output section picks voltage variation using metal surface electrode, amplifier, ADC, PIC microcontroller and LCD interface. 100 patient inclusive of normal and disease affected patients where examined for upper limb synovial fluid variation and inflammatory diseases were identified.

International Journal on Applied Bio-Engineering, 2007

Journal of Taibah University for Science, 2016

In vitro study of the antibacterial and anticancer activities of silver nanoparticles synthesized... more In vitro study of the antibacterial and anticancer activities of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Penicillium brevicompactum (MTCC-1999

Materials Today: Proceedings, 2015

The aim and objective of present study was biosynthesis silver nanoparticles from fungi Candida a... more The aim and objective of present study was biosynthesis silver nanoparticles from fungi Candida albicans. The fungal biomass was challenged with 1 mM AgNO3, which results in the colour change of the solution indicates the formation of Silver nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were further characterized by UV- visible spectroscopy which showed the absorption peak at 430 nm. The FT-IR spectrum revealed the binding of protein to nanoparticles, which may be stabilized by the silver nanoparticles. The FESEM and AFM analysis showed nanoparticles are spherical and their size ranges in 60.88-65.57 nm. The nanoparticles were further evaluated for its bactericidal activity against selected pathogenic bacteria singly and in combined form with Ciprofloxacin. The relative importance of particle-specific effect silver nanoparticles, in combination with Ciprofloxacin has shown enhanced bacterial activity. Thus these silver nanoparticles may prove as better candidates for drugs and can potentially eliminate the higher doses of antibiotics.

International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011), 2011

Actinomycetes were widely distributed in soil are the source of antibiotics. Antibiotic resistant... more Actinomycetes were widely distributed in soil are the source of antibiotics. Antibiotic resistant pathogens pose an enormous threat to the treatment of wide range of serious infections. To overcome this emergence, a periodic replacement of the new and existing antibiotic is necessary, simultaneously doses also increasing day by day for the patients, which is carcinogen to the body. The pure

International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011), 2011

Microfungi are the main source of aero-biopollution in extra and intramural environment of most o... more Microfungi are the main source of aero-biopollution in extra and intramural environment of most of the places worldwide. Their occurrence in the environments leads to different allergenic diseases viz., allergic asthma, bronchitis, rhinitis, and hay fever in the atopic human beings. The present study is an attempt to record the incidence and seasonal periodicity of airborne fungal spores in indoors and outdoors of an industrial city house, Hosur, Tamilnadu by Petri-plate settlement method from October 2009 to September 2010. In qualitative and quantitative way, fungal spores considerably varied from indoors to outdoors as well as from season to season. Outdoor air harbored maximum fungal spores (54%) in comparison to indoor air (48%). Incidence of fungal species was predominated with more number of propagules during mid winter (December) and early rainy (July) periods in comparison to other months. Qualitatively, Aspergillus was found with the highest frequency and had eleven members i.e., A. awamori, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. flavus, A. flavipes, A. nidulans, A. ochraceous, A. japonicus, A. terreus, A. versicolor and A. wentii, but quantitatively, Penicillium was isolated highest in its contribution to total CFUs followed by Aspergillus. Out of the 32 isolated fungal taxa, Aspergillus fumigatus, A. awamori, A. niger, Rhizopus stolonifer and Alternaria alternata were the predominant aeroallergens, which cause different types of respiratory/lung diseases in atopic human beings. In seasonal periodicity, winter contributedthe maximum spore load followed by rainy and summer was found with the least in harboring the spore mass in the indoors and outdoors. Alternaria alternata, which is accounted as a human allergen for sporosis inducer and an agent for hay fever and other pathologies, was also intermittently recorded. A few plant pathogenic, saprophytic, field and storage fungi were also recorded during the study period. Effect of meteorological parameters on the fungal spores in the dwelling atmosphere was significantly assessed by Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis.

Nanotechnology Applications for Improvements in Energy Efficiency and Environmental Management

Nanotechnology has emerged as an important field of modern scientific research due to its diverse... more Nanotechnology has emerged as an important field of modern scientific research due to its diverse range of applications in the area of electronics, material sciences, biomedical engineering, and medicines at nano levels such as healthcare, cosmetics, food and feed, environmental health, optics, biomedical sciences, chemical industries, drug-gene delivery, energy science, optoelectronics, catalysis, reprography, single electron transistors, light emitters, nonlinear optical devices, and photoelectrochemical applications and other applications. Due to these immense applications of nanotechnology in biomedical science, it has became possible to design the pharmaceuticals in such a way that they could directly treat diseased cells like cancer and make microscopic repairs in hard-to-operate-on areas of the body. The nanomachines have been designed to clean up toxins or oil spills, recycle all garbage, eliminate landfills, etc. The chapter summarizes the present and future applications of nanotechnology for human welfare but needs further study in catalysis, optical devices, sensor technology, cancer treatment, and drug delivery systems.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Apr 6, 2022

The utility of fungi as stabilizing and reducing agents in the biogenic synthesis of silver nanop... more The utility of fungi as stabilizing and reducing agents in the biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles is striking due to the production of large quantities of biomolecules of minute toxic residuals. During the current study, sunlight-and dark-assessed silver nanoparticles were synthesized from wasp nest fungus, Paecilomyces variotii, at different pHs. Synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at 6 pH were found to be more prominent than at 7 and 8 pHs. AgNPs were within the 20-to 90-nm range and were polygonal and elongated in shape. FTIR spectra of lightmediated AgNPs showed diverse transmittance bands than the silver nanoparticles synthesized in the dark. The synthesized AgNPs were found with diverse antimicrobial activities against pathogenic MTCC bacterial strains, i.e., Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli, Shewanella putrefaciens, and fungus, Candida albicans. Aqueous filtrate and filtrate-mediated AgNPs combined with methanol solvent extract of yeast extract manitol broth (YEMB) had more inhibitory effects on all bacteria and Candida albicans. Furthermore, the combined effect of AgNPs and methanol solvent extract from YEMB culture filtrate was found more effective against E. coli, while AgNPs combined with methanol solvent of aqueous filtrate had inhibitory effects on E. coli and Candida albicans.

Journal of King Saud University - Science

International journal of health sciences

The present study was aimed to the biosynthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles using leaf extract of... more The present study was aimed to the biosynthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles using leaf extract of Lavandula angustifolia. The nanoparticles were characterized by different techniques like UV-Visible spectroscopy, FESEM analysis, and X-ray diffraction. From the UV-Visible spectra analysis, it was observed the peak obtained at 350 nm confirmed the biosynthesis of LA-ZnONPs. The shape and size of LA-ZnONPs were confirmed by FESEM analysis, and from FESEM analysis it was found that the LA-ZnONPs were truncated and triangular in shape with an average size of 61.52 nm respectively. Further, the XRD analysis showed the LA-ZnONPs were crystalline in nature. By using well diffusion assay, the antibacterial activity of LA-ZnONPs was investigated against gram-positive S. aureus (ATCC 25923) and gram-negative E. coli (ATCC 11229) pathogens in a dose-dependent manner. The LA-ZnONPs exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against both the pathogens. The LA-ZnONPs thus possessed excellent antib...

The present study focused on probiotic, isolated fr om Cocus nucifera’s toddy. Six Organisms were... more The present study focused on probiotic, isolated fr om Cocus nucifera’s toddy. Six Organisms were isol ated from toddy and it was characterized and optimized with vparameters to show the organism is probiotic . Among the six isolate one strain was confirmed as Lactoba cillus species by various Bio Chemical and Gram sta ining and named as K 3. Characterization and optimization study such as pH, bile salt and salt tolerant was performed to confirm it as probiotic. In optimization studies th e pH range of about 4 and salt tolerance 7 % concen tration and bile salt concentration range about 4% showed maxim um bacterial population thus the organism K3 (Lacto bacillus sps) was taken for further study to determine its a ntimicrobial efficacy against human pathogens.

Hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of three medicinal plants viz., Andrographis paniculata, Cassia alat... more Hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of three medicinal plants viz., Andrographis paniculata, Cassia alata and Morinda citrifolia were prepared by soxhlet extraction method. The antibacterial activity of hydro-alcoholic leaf extracts were carried out in-vitro using disc diffusion method against six different bacterial strains viz., gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis) and gram negative (Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens and Proteus vulgaris). The antibiotic potency of leaf extract was compared with the standard antibiotics, Rifamycin and Amoxyclav. Leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata was recorded with remarkable inhibition ability against the tested organisms and it was followed by Cassia alata and Morinda citrifolia. Rifamycin was found to be good drug in controlling the pathogens in comparison to Amoxyclav in our study. Pseudomonas aeruginosa didn't respond to any extracts or the antibiotics and become resistant to all at 15 µl dilution of the extract. Amoxyclav was recorded with low responsive to prevent the growth of the bacteria studied herewith.

Objective: In the recent scenario, progress in nano-biotechnology research has made a great devel... more Objective: In the recent scenario, progress in nano-biotechnology research has made a great development particularly in the field of medicine based on metallic nanoparticles with antibacterial property to combat the pathogenic bacteria, who are resistance to varied antibiotics. Silver nanoparticle has its own advantages in order to kill the microbes effectively. Methods: In this paper, extracellular biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles was made from Penicillium pinophilum (MTCC 2192). The characterization of the nanoparticles was carried out as well as its antibiotic efficacy was evaluated in addition with the antibiotics. Results: The development of yellowish brown color in the conical flask suggested the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The AgNPs was investigated by the UV-Vis spectroscopy, which confirmed the presence of silver nanoparticles in the prepared solution. Characters of these silver nanoparticles were further studied by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTI...

From long time ago, the use of silver nanoparticles to control the growth and prevalence of disea... more From long time ago, the use of silver nanoparticles to control the growth and prevalence of disease causing bacteria is well known. In recent times, bacteria make themselves resistant to varied antibiotics based on their genes present in the plasmids. During the present study, an effective approach was performed to synthesize potent silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from two mould fungi; Alternaria sp. and Alternaria alternata. The appearance of yellowish brown color in the conical flask suggested the formation of AgNPs. The extract of the fungus culture changed the solution into brownish color during the reaction. The characterization of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by UvVis spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Size of the nanoparticles measured between 20nm to 30nm by FESEM. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were subjected to their characterization by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique to determine the metallic nature of nanoparticles. The XRD anal...

Silver in its original form or in the form nanoparticles has been known from time immemorial in o... more Silver in its original form or in the form nanoparticles has been known from time immemorial in order to control different types of diseases. During last few decades, bacteria have made themselves resistant to varied antibiotics available in the market based on their genetic configurations. In our present study, simple and effective approach was performed to synthesize potent silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from hyphomycetes fungus, Alternaria using potato dextrose broth with AgNo 3. The appearance of yellowish brown color in the conical flask suggested the formation of AgNPs. The supernatant of the fungus culture changed the solution into yellowish brown color upon the completion of 10 minute reaction. The characterization and silver nature of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by Uv-Vis spectrophotometer, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and XRD analysis. Size of the nanoparticles measured between 50nm to 60nm by FESEM. AgNPs showed impressive antimicrobial activity against the selected pathogens, but when the nanoparticles were tested against the test pathogens combined with two drugs, penicillin and tetracycline, the efficacy of the drugs was multiplied, particularly in the case of tetracycline in comparison to penicillin.

2 Abstract: During non invasive diagnosis of arthritis the readings were obtained on the skin sur... more 2 Abstract: During non invasive diagnosis of arthritis the readings were obtained on the skin surface near the joint region. The observed readings vary as a function of input voltage and frequency. The current study analyzes the impact of input voltage and frequency variation in diagnosed output readings. Electrical Bio- Impedance is the measure of opposition given by the tissue for applied electrical signal. The Bio-impedance values are measured in terms of voltage drop across the joint tissue region as tissue can be represented as resistance and capacitive reactance. These resistance and reactance varies from normal person to Arthritis patient for a fixed frequency and voltage. If input voltage or frequency was varied the measured voltage drop in terms of bio-impedance varies. In this paper the effect of input frequency and voltage on output measurement has been analysed. Hardware section made using signal generator circuit with variable frequency and variable voltage provision. T...

Proceedings of the International Conference on Nanotechnology for Better Living, 2016

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2017

Fungi are omnipresent in nature and their dispersal found within and outside of different environ... more Fungi are omnipresent in nature and their dispersal found within and outside of different environments and organize the major portion of the suspended bioparticulate material in the air. An aeromycological survey of few village localities of Pondicherry region were conceded out by employing volumetric Burkard’s personal sampler using PDA mediated petridishes during 2015-16. Air samplings were made for one year at intervals of 15 days for isolating the predominant fungi from the study sites at diurnal times viz., morning noon and evening. Altogether, 65 fungal species under 51 genera were isolated, among which Aspergillus spp were recorded as the dominant followed by Penicillium spp. The occurrence of spores was established variable in between the village localities. In daytime occurrence, noon time was found to harbor more number of spores in composition and concentration than morning and evening in the sites. Seasonal frequency of fungal spores was quite regular in their findings in our study, and showed the trend more in winter surveyed by summer and rainy. Fungi like Absidia, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Fusarium, Monascus, Mucor, Paecilomyces, Rhizopus, Trichoderma, Verticillium and Wallemia were also recorded in addition to aspergilli and penicilli. The spores of aspergilli and penicilli were found as predominant probably due to their wide host range, substrate adaptability and opportunistic nature. The professional variations and climatic variation had influence on manifestation of aeromycospora in the village localities.

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science, 2018

In current scenario it is a big challenge for keeping good health. The adulterate food we get in ... more In current scenario it is a big challenge for keeping good health. The adulterate food we get in the market makes the researcher to think for safeguarding their digestive system. To solve the problem probiotics which are the live bacteria and yeasts helps in our good health, especially our digestive system. To keep our gut healthy the present study has focused on two probiotic organisms namely Lactobacillus fermentum (KT183369) and Bacillus subtilis sub sp. Inaquasporium (KR816099) were isolated from coconut toddy and they were optimized for their probiotic nature. Further, the probiotic bacteria were analysed and have been found to show good adhesive property towards the host cell. During this study, the adhesive properties of probiotic bacteria could be identified by using ornamental fish black moley (Poeciliasphenops) and also by Microbial Adhesion To Hydrocarbon assay (MATH assay) using toluene as solvent. The probiotic bacterium showed good adhesive properties in both in vivo and in vitrostudies using aquatic fish and its pathogen, Vibrio paraheamolyticus respectively. Additionally, during this study, the fishes were infected along with the probiotic feed to check their mortality rate and the hydrophobicity percentage of the probiotic organisms was also calculated using the assay method during.

International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 2017

Probiotics is defined as live microorganisms which, when administrated in adequate amounts, confe... more Probiotics is defined as live microorganisms which, when administrated in adequate amounts, confers a health benefit to the host. It has received renewed attention recently from product manufacturers, researches and consumers. Probiotic organisms were isolated from Cocus nucifera's, the common name, toddy. The bacterial isolates screened out from toddy were identified and confirmed as Bacillus subtilis by biochemical methods, gram staining and nucleotide sequencing. Characterization and optimization of its probiotic nature was performed by subjecting the organism for tolerance against NaCl, pH and Bile salt. The organism showed good optimization growth at 4% for bile and 5% for NaCl. The organism was checked for its antimicrobial efficiency against human bacterial pathogens and found satisfactory based on its In-vitro study. From the present study, it was confirmed that the probiotic microbes do have the antibacterial properties in addition to their health benefits.

Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology, 2014

Joint pain is generally a common disorder not only for the old aged people but also for the immun... more Joint pain is generally a common disorder not only for the old aged people but also for the immunocompromised patients. The present proposed study reveals the presence of inflammatory diseases in joint generally diagnosed by removing synovial fluid and changes in the volume and composition are examined for the presence of WBC and crystals. This study implement a non-invasive approach to identify the changes in joint fluid by measuring the changes in electrical property of the synovial tissue under the influence of electrical current signal with frequency range between 100 kHz to 300 kHz. The response of tissue for the current signal was measured in terms of potential drop across the tissue. The hardware system design consists of input and output sections. The input section which applies current signal to upper limb joint region is made of ICL8038 function generator IC with amplifier and voltage to current converter. The output section picks voltage variation using metal surface electrode, amplifier, ADC, PIC microcontroller and LCD interface. 100 patient inclusive of normal and disease affected patients where examined for upper limb synovial fluid variation and inflammatory diseases were identified.

International Journal on Applied Bio-Engineering, 2007

Journal of Taibah University for Science, 2016

In vitro study of the antibacterial and anticancer activities of silver nanoparticles synthesized... more In vitro study of the antibacterial and anticancer activities of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Penicillium brevicompactum (MTCC-1999

Materials Today: Proceedings, 2015

The aim and objective of present study was biosynthesis silver nanoparticles from fungi Candida a... more The aim and objective of present study was biosynthesis silver nanoparticles from fungi Candida albicans. The fungal biomass was challenged with 1 mM AgNO3, which results in the colour change of the solution indicates the formation of Silver nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were further characterized by UV- visible spectroscopy which showed the absorption peak at 430 nm. The FT-IR spectrum revealed the binding of protein to nanoparticles, which may be stabilized by the silver nanoparticles. The FESEM and AFM analysis showed nanoparticles are spherical and their size ranges in 60.88-65.57 nm. The nanoparticles were further evaluated for its bactericidal activity against selected pathogenic bacteria singly and in combined form with Ciprofloxacin. The relative importance of particle-specific effect silver nanoparticles, in combination with Ciprofloxacin has shown enhanced bacterial activity. Thus these silver nanoparticles may prove as better candidates for drugs and can potentially eliminate the higher doses of antibiotics.

International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011), 2011

Actinomycetes were widely distributed in soil are the source of antibiotics. Antibiotic resistant... more Actinomycetes were widely distributed in soil are the source of antibiotics. Antibiotic resistant pathogens pose an enormous threat to the treatment of wide range of serious infections. To overcome this emergence, a periodic replacement of the new and existing antibiotic is necessary, simultaneously doses also increasing day by day for the patients, which is carcinogen to the body. The pure

International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011), 2011

Microfungi are the main source of aero-biopollution in extra and intramural environment of most o... more Microfungi are the main source of aero-biopollution in extra and intramural environment of most of the places worldwide. Their occurrence in the environments leads to different allergenic diseases viz., allergic asthma, bronchitis, rhinitis, and hay fever in the atopic human beings. The present study is an attempt to record the incidence and seasonal periodicity of airborne fungal spores in indoors and outdoors of an industrial city house, Hosur, Tamilnadu by Petri-plate settlement method from October 2009 to September 2010. In qualitative and quantitative way, fungal spores considerably varied from indoors to outdoors as well as from season to season. Outdoor air harbored maximum fungal spores (54%) in comparison to indoor air (48%). Incidence of fungal species was predominated with more number of propagules during mid winter (December) and early rainy (July) periods in comparison to other months. Qualitatively, Aspergillus was found with the highest frequency and had eleven members i.e., A. awamori, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. flavus, A. flavipes, A. nidulans, A. ochraceous, A. japonicus, A. terreus, A. versicolor and A. wentii, but quantitatively, Penicillium was isolated highest in its contribution to total CFUs followed by Aspergillus. Out of the 32 isolated fungal taxa, Aspergillus fumigatus, A. awamori, A. niger, Rhizopus stolonifer and Alternaria alternata were the predominant aeroallergens, which cause different types of respiratory/lung diseases in atopic human beings. In seasonal periodicity, winter contributedthe maximum spore load followed by rainy and summer was found with the least in harboring the spore mass in the indoors and outdoors. Alternaria alternata, which is accounted as a human allergen for sporosis inducer and an agent for hay fever and other pathologies, was also intermittently recorded. A few plant pathogenic, saprophytic, field and storage fungi were also recorded during the study period. Effect of meteorological parameters on the fungal spores in the dwelling atmosphere was significantly assessed by Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis.

Nanotechnology Applications for Improvements in Energy Efficiency and Environmental Management

Nanotechnology has emerged as an important field of modern scientific research due to its diverse... more Nanotechnology has emerged as an important field of modern scientific research due to its diverse range of applications in the area of electronics, material sciences, biomedical engineering, and medicines at nano levels such as healthcare, cosmetics, food and feed, environmental health, optics, biomedical sciences, chemical industries, drug-gene delivery, energy science, optoelectronics, catalysis, reprography, single electron transistors, light emitters, nonlinear optical devices, and photoelectrochemical applications and other applications. Due to these immense applications of nanotechnology in biomedical science, it has became possible to design the pharmaceuticals in such a way that they could directly treat diseased cells like cancer and make microscopic repairs in hard-to-operate-on areas of the body. The nanomachines have been designed to clean up toxins or oil spills, recycle all garbage, eliminate landfills, etc. The chapter summarizes the present and future applications of nanotechnology for human welfare but needs further study in catalysis, optical devices, sensor technology, cancer treatment, and drug delivery systems.