Bukola A Y O D E J I Bamkefa (original) (raw)

Papers by Bukola A Y O D E J I Bamkefa

A survey was carried out of 86 cassava fields in the lowland savanna; humid forest, mid-altitude ... more A survey was carried out of 86 cassava fields in the lowland savanna; humid forest, mid-altitude savanna, and lowland humid savanna agroecological zones of Guinea. Each field was assessed for the incidence and severity of cassava bacterial blight (CBB), cassava anthracnose disease (CAD), Cercospora leaf blight (CLB), and brown leaf spot (BLS). Samples of diseased leaves were collected and used to identify associated pathogens. CBB was present in all the four major ecozones. The disease was observed in 88.88% of the fields visited in the humid forest. For other ecozones, results were 70.5% (mid-altitude savanna zone), 73.07% (lowland humid savanna), and 77.7% (low-land savanna). Anthracnose disease was observed in the humid forest and lowland humid savanna zones, but not in either of the others. CAD was observed in 11.11% of the fields visited in the humid forest, and in 19.23% in the lowland humid savanna. The disease was not observed in either of the others. CLB and BLS were observ...

Several begomovirus species and strains causing cassava mosaic disease (CMD) have been reported f... more Several begomovirus species and strains causing cassava mosaic disease (CMD) have been reported from cassava in Africa. A diagnostic survey was made in the four agroecological zones of Guinea to determine the status of CMD and cassava begomoviruses and to ascertain if the virulent Ugandan variant of the East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV-Ug2) was present. In the southern Guinea savanna; humid forest, midaltitud savanna, and derived savanna, 88 farmers’ ields were visited. Each ield was assessed for the incidence and severity of the disease. The CMD status was rated as mild, moderately severe, or severe. Cassava leaf samples were collected from plants showing the disease symptoms from farmers’ ields on which CMD severity was also rated on a 5-point scale. Whitely populations were estimated in each ield as low, moderate, or high. Samples of diseased leaves were sent to Germany, DSMZ Plant Virus Division, for the identiication of associated pathogens. The CMD status in most farme...

Nigerian Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2021

The rate at which agricultural produce such as fruits are being infected by pests or spoilt as a ... more The rate at which agricultural produce such as fruits are being infected by pests or spoilt as a results of lack of appropriate natural preservatives posed threat to food security and safety in many communities of Ogun State. However, there is need for study that can evaluate natural preservatives and physicochemical properties of some plants. In the present study, survey of indigenous plants commonly used for preservation of fruits was conducted using one hundred structured questionnaires randomly administered on fruit-sellers to elicit information on spoilage as threat affecting sales of fruits in Abeokuta. Also, biochemical constituents and physicochemical properties in the leaves of most plants used for fruits preservation were determined using standard procedure. Data were analysed using Statistical Analysis System. Means were separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at 5% level of significance (p < 0.05). Nauclea latifolia, Chromolaena odorata, Psidium guajava, Azadirac...

Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2020

Background: Pearl millets are a group of highly variable small-seeded grasses; they are widely gr... more Background: Pearl millets are a group of highly variable small-seeded grasses; they are widely grown around the world as cereal crops and have a wide array of uses. They harbor a lot of fungi from field to post-harvest which are capable of posing health hazards to humans and animals. The objectives of this research study were to isolate and identify different fungi associated with millet at different periods of storage and determine their mycotoxin profile. Materials and Methods: Millet samples were purchased randomly from vendors in three major markets situated in three different local governments in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria over a three-month period. The samples were brought to the laboratory in sterile polythene bags. Isolation of fungi from the millet samples was done by direct plating on Saboraud's Dextrose Agar (SDA) incorporated with chloramphenicol to prevent bacterial growth. The plates were incubated at room temperature for 48-72 hours and observed. Results: Pure cultures of fungi were obtained by repeated subculturing. A total of fourteen (14) fungi belonging to twelve (12) genera were obtained. Aspergillus fumigatus had the highest (25.7%) frequency of occurrence, with Syncephalastrum spp (6.5%), Rhizopus spp (5.7%), Fusarium spp (3.6%), Alternaria brassicicola (2.8%), Curvularia spp (3.2%), Mucor mucedo (2.4%), Gonatobotrys simplex (1.2%), Acladium conspersum (0.5%), Penicillium spp (2.8%), Aspergillus niger (21.2%), Aspergillus flavus (23.6%) while Nigrospora oryzae and Sporendonema spp had the lowest (0.4%) frequencies. The mycotoxin profile quantification revealed the presence of four aflatoxins: AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 in the millet samples with the samples purchased from Oje having the highest aflatoxin level of 897 ppb. Conclusion: There is the need to adopt strict hygiene, storage and preservative practices to prevent fungi from infecting millet samples with a view to controlling their aflatoxin level.

Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science

Aim: We evaluated the antibacterial activities and phytochemical distribution of the solvent frac... more Aim: We evaluated the antibacterial activities and phytochemical distribution of the solvent fractions of the leaf and stem of Leea guineensis G. Don. Methodology: The antibacterial activities and phytochemical distribution of the solvent fractions of the leaf and stem of L. guineensis were determined using standard procedures. Results: Methanol fraction of the leaves at 100 mg/mL showed activity against Acinetobacter baumammii while both ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of the leaves at 100 mg/mL have activities against Acinetobacter baumammii. The methanol fraction of LGS leaves at 25-100 mg/mL was potent against Escherichia coli, while the ethyl acetate fraction of the stem at 100 mg/mL was inhibitory to Escherichia coli. Both the ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of the leaf of LGS possess antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, however, the methanol fractions of the stem alone inhibit Staphylococcus aureus. Ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of the leaf w...

GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Cabbage is a dietary source of micronutrients, vitamins and fiber, vital for human health. Cabbag... more Cabbage is a dietary source of micronutrients, vitamins and fiber, vital for human health. Cabbage samples for this study were obtained from selected markets in Ibadan, Nigeria. Serial dilutions and membrane filter techniques were used to determine microbial load and profile of the samples. Appropriate culture media and techniques were used to detect for the presence of Fungi and Bacteria in samples. Fungi isolated included; Sclerotinia sp, Fusarium sp, Cladosporium sp, Aspergillus sp, Mucor sp, Alternaria sp and Rhizopus sp. Bacteria isolated included; Staphylococcus sp, Pseudomonas sp, Xanthomonas sp, Micrococcus sp, Bacillus sp, Erwinia sp, and Streptococcus sp. The fungi load was highest in cabbage samples collected from challenge having 158.0 X 103 cfu/ml, followed by cabbage purchased from Bodija having 67.6 X 103 cfu/ml, Monatan 63.6 X 103 cfu/ml. , Oje 27.0 X 103 cfu/ml, and Gbagi 24.0 X 103 cfu/ml. The bacterial load on the cabbage samples was observed to be the highest in ...

American Journal of Plant Sciences

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the fungitoxic effect of Trichoderma longibrachiatum (R... more An experiment was carried out to evaluate the fungitoxic effect of Trichoderma longibrachiatum (Rifai) metabolite on F. oxysporum, A. niger and A. tamarii. The fungi were collected from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) and Nigerian Institute of Science Laboratory Technology (NISLT). T. longibrachiatum was cultured on 1/4 strength Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) following standard procedures. Its metabolite was extracted using 50 ml n-hexane with 50 ml Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB). The metabolite was purified by filter sterilization using a sterile 0.22 millipore filter disc after centrifuging at 900 rpm for 20 minutes. Petri plates of each fungus were later impregnated in triplicates with the T. longibrachiatum metabolites using four concentrations (10%, 25%, 50% and 100%), and three volumes (1 ml, 2 ml, and 3 ml). Petri plates of fungi without the metabolite and Petri Plates of fungi with n-hexane and PDB served as control. All Petri Plates were incubated at 28˚C for 7 days. Radial and diametric growth of each fungus on all Petri Plates were taken daily at 24 hours intervals. Data obtained were analysed using SAS (version 9.3). Growth inhibition of F. oxysporum, A. niger and A. tamarii was significantly higher than in control in that order (P ≤ 0.05). Inhibition of the fungi by metabolites extracted with both PDB and n-hexane was significantly better than in control. Generally, inhibition by metabolite extracted with PDB was better than that extracted with n-hexane. Growth inhibition at all the concentrations of the metabolite was significantly better than in the control (P ≤ 0.

Effect of some nitrogen sources of growth medium on α-amylase production by Penicillium solitum a... more Effect of some nitrogen sources of growth medium on α-amylase production by Penicillium solitum and Aspergillus rubrum isolated from yam (Dioscorea alata)

Aspergillus versicolor and Aspergillus terreus isolated from deteriorated rice using potato dextr... more Aspergillus versicolor and Aspergillus terreus isolated from deteriorated rice using potato dextrose agar grew at 25 o C and expressed �± -amylase activity in a growth medium with potassium nitrate as nitrogen source and various carbon sources. The carbon sources which were varied were lactose, maltose, starch, sucrose, galactose and glucose. Rice also supported growth and induced �± -amylase production by these isolates. Aspergillus terreus seemed a better inducer. (Adekunle Odunayo Adejuwon, Bukola Ayodeji Bamkefa, Joseph Omololu-Aso, Shadrach O. Agunbiade. Effect of certain carbon sources of growth medium on �± -amylase production by Aspergillus versicolor and Aspergillus terreus. Researcher 2013;5(2):15-18). (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 3

In this investigation, a defined medium was inoculated with Candida albicans and Fusarium sp. Inc... more In this investigation, a defined medium was inoculated with Candida albicans and Fusarium sp. Incubation was at 28 o C. The composition of the medium was potassium dihydrogen sulphate, magnesium sulphate, calcium sulphate, hydrated iron sulphate, manganese sulphate, copper sulphate, zinc sulphate, thiamine, biotin, sodium nitrate (nitrogen source) and galactose (carbon source). Proteins which exhibited �± -amylase activity were expressed by the isolates within a period of eight days. The enzymes obtained on days of optimum activity were precipitated at 90% saturation and dialysed with buffer.The results showed that, by the seventh day of inoculation of the medium, optimum �± -amylase activity was expressed by Candida albicans. Production of �± -amylase by Fusarium sp. was optimum by the sixth day. The �± -amylases constituted by the two isolates, partially purified, were stimulated by Na + but inhibited by HgCl2 and EDTA.

Abstract: In this investigation, a defined medium was inoculated with Candida albicans and Fusari... more Abstract: In this investigation, a defined medium was inoculated with Candida albicans and Fusarium sp. Incubation was at 28oC. The composition of the medium was potassium dihydrogen sulphate, magnesium sulphate, calcium sulphate, hydrated iron sulphate, manganese sulphate, copper sulphate, zinc sulphate, thiamine, biotin, sodium nitrate (nitrogen source) and galactose (carbon source). Proteins which exhibited α-amylase activity were expressed by the isolates within a period of eight days. The enzymes obtained on days of optimum activity were precipitated at 90 % saturation and dialysed with buffer.The results showed that, by the seventh day of inoculation of the medium, optimum α-amylase activity was expressed by Candida albicans. Production of α-amylase by Fusarium sp. was optimum by the sixth day. The α-amylases constituted by the two isolates, partially purified, were stimulated by Na+ but inhibited by HgCl2 and EDTA.

A survey was carried out of 86 cassava fields in the lowland savanna; humid forest, mid-altitude ... more A survey was carried out of 86 cassava fields in the lowland savanna; humid forest, mid-altitude savanna, and lowland humid savanna agroecological zones of Guinea. Each field was assessed for the incidence and severity of cassava bacterial blight (CBB), cassava anthracnose disease (CAD), Cercospora leaf blight (CLB), and brown leaf spot (BLS). Samples of diseased leaves were collected and used to identify associated pathogens. CBB was present in all the four major ecozones. The disease was observed in 88.88% of the fields visited in the humid forest. For other ecozones, results were 70.5% (mid-altitude savanna zone), 73.07% (lowland humid savanna), and 77.7% (low-land savanna). Anthracnose disease was observed in the humid forest and lowland humid savanna zones, but not in either of the others. CAD was observed in 11.11% of the fields visited in the humid forest, and in 19.23% in the lowland humid savanna. The disease was not observed in either of the others. CLB and BLS were observ...

Several begomovirus species and strains causing cassava mosaic disease (CMD) have been reported f... more Several begomovirus species and strains causing cassava mosaic disease (CMD) have been reported from cassava in Africa. A diagnostic survey was made in the four agroecological zones of Guinea to determine the status of CMD and cassava begomoviruses and to ascertain if the virulent Ugandan variant of the East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV-Ug2) was present. In the southern Guinea savanna; humid forest, midaltitud savanna, and derived savanna, 88 farmers’ ields were visited. Each ield was assessed for the incidence and severity of the disease. The CMD status was rated as mild, moderately severe, or severe. Cassava leaf samples were collected from plants showing the disease symptoms from farmers’ ields on which CMD severity was also rated on a 5-point scale. Whitely populations were estimated in each ield as low, moderate, or high. Samples of diseased leaves were sent to Germany, DSMZ Plant Virus Division, for the identiication of associated pathogens. The CMD status in most farme...

Nigerian Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2021

The rate at which agricultural produce such as fruits are being infected by pests or spoilt as a ... more The rate at which agricultural produce such as fruits are being infected by pests or spoilt as a results of lack of appropriate natural preservatives posed threat to food security and safety in many communities of Ogun State. However, there is need for study that can evaluate natural preservatives and physicochemical properties of some plants. In the present study, survey of indigenous plants commonly used for preservation of fruits was conducted using one hundred structured questionnaires randomly administered on fruit-sellers to elicit information on spoilage as threat affecting sales of fruits in Abeokuta. Also, biochemical constituents and physicochemical properties in the leaves of most plants used for fruits preservation were determined using standard procedure. Data were analysed using Statistical Analysis System. Means were separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at 5% level of significance (p < 0.05). Nauclea latifolia, Chromolaena odorata, Psidium guajava, Azadirac...

Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2020

Background: Pearl millets are a group of highly variable small-seeded grasses; they are widely gr... more Background: Pearl millets are a group of highly variable small-seeded grasses; they are widely grown around the world as cereal crops and have a wide array of uses. They harbor a lot of fungi from field to post-harvest which are capable of posing health hazards to humans and animals. The objectives of this research study were to isolate and identify different fungi associated with millet at different periods of storage and determine their mycotoxin profile. Materials and Methods: Millet samples were purchased randomly from vendors in three major markets situated in three different local governments in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria over a three-month period. The samples were brought to the laboratory in sterile polythene bags. Isolation of fungi from the millet samples was done by direct plating on Saboraud's Dextrose Agar (SDA) incorporated with chloramphenicol to prevent bacterial growth. The plates were incubated at room temperature for 48-72 hours and observed. Results: Pure cultures of fungi were obtained by repeated subculturing. A total of fourteen (14) fungi belonging to twelve (12) genera were obtained. Aspergillus fumigatus had the highest (25.7%) frequency of occurrence, with Syncephalastrum spp (6.5%), Rhizopus spp (5.7%), Fusarium spp (3.6%), Alternaria brassicicola (2.8%), Curvularia spp (3.2%), Mucor mucedo (2.4%), Gonatobotrys simplex (1.2%), Acladium conspersum (0.5%), Penicillium spp (2.8%), Aspergillus niger (21.2%), Aspergillus flavus (23.6%) while Nigrospora oryzae and Sporendonema spp had the lowest (0.4%) frequencies. The mycotoxin profile quantification revealed the presence of four aflatoxins: AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 in the millet samples with the samples purchased from Oje having the highest aflatoxin level of 897 ppb. Conclusion: There is the need to adopt strict hygiene, storage and preservative practices to prevent fungi from infecting millet samples with a view to controlling their aflatoxin level.

Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science

Aim: We evaluated the antibacterial activities and phytochemical distribution of the solvent frac... more Aim: We evaluated the antibacterial activities and phytochemical distribution of the solvent fractions of the leaf and stem of Leea guineensis G. Don. Methodology: The antibacterial activities and phytochemical distribution of the solvent fractions of the leaf and stem of L. guineensis were determined using standard procedures. Results: Methanol fraction of the leaves at 100 mg/mL showed activity against Acinetobacter baumammii while both ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of the leaves at 100 mg/mL have activities against Acinetobacter baumammii. The methanol fraction of LGS leaves at 25-100 mg/mL was potent against Escherichia coli, while the ethyl acetate fraction of the stem at 100 mg/mL was inhibitory to Escherichia coli. Both the ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of the leaf of LGS possess antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, however, the methanol fractions of the stem alone inhibit Staphylococcus aureus. Ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of the leaf w...

GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Cabbage is a dietary source of micronutrients, vitamins and fiber, vital for human health. Cabbag... more Cabbage is a dietary source of micronutrients, vitamins and fiber, vital for human health. Cabbage samples for this study were obtained from selected markets in Ibadan, Nigeria. Serial dilutions and membrane filter techniques were used to determine microbial load and profile of the samples. Appropriate culture media and techniques were used to detect for the presence of Fungi and Bacteria in samples. Fungi isolated included; Sclerotinia sp, Fusarium sp, Cladosporium sp, Aspergillus sp, Mucor sp, Alternaria sp and Rhizopus sp. Bacteria isolated included; Staphylococcus sp, Pseudomonas sp, Xanthomonas sp, Micrococcus sp, Bacillus sp, Erwinia sp, and Streptococcus sp. The fungi load was highest in cabbage samples collected from challenge having 158.0 X 103 cfu/ml, followed by cabbage purchased from Bodija having 67.6 X 103 cfu/ml, Monatan 63.6 X 103 cfu/ml. , Oje 27.0 X 103 cfu/ml, and Gbagi 24.0 X 103 cfu/ml. The bacterial load on the cabbage samples was observed to be the highest in ...

American Journal of Plant Sciences

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the fungitoxic effect of Trichoderma longibrachiatum (R... more An experiment was carried out to evaluate the fungitoxic effect of Trichoderma longibrachiatum (Rifai) metabolite on F. oxysporum, A. niger and A. tamarii. The fungi were collected from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) and Nigerian Institute of Science Laboratory Technology (NISLT). T. longibrachiatum was cultured on 1/4 strength Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) following standard procedures. Its metabolite was extracted using 50 ml n-hexane with 50 ml Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB). The metabolite was purified by filter sterilization using a sterile 0.22 millipore filter disc after centrifuging at 900 rpm for 20 minutes. Petri plates of each fungus were later impregnated in triplicates with the T. longibrachiatum metabolites using four concentrations (10%, 25%, 50% and 100%), and three volumes (1 ml, 2 ml, and 3 ml). Petri plates of fungi without the metabolite and Petri Plates of fungi with n-hexane and PDB served as control. All Petri Plates were incubated at 28˚C for 7 days. Radial and diametric growth of each fungus on all Petri Plates were taken daily at 24 hours intervals. Data obtained were analysed using SAS (version 9.3). Growth inhibition of F. oxysporum, A. niger and A. tamarii was significantly higher than in control in that order (P ≤ 0.05). Inhibition of the fungi by metabolites extracted with both PDB and n-hexane was significantly better than in control. Generally, inhibition by metabolite extracted with PDB was better than that extracted with n-hexane. Growth inhibition at all the concentrations of the metabolite was significantly better than in the control (P ≤ 0.

Effect of some nitrogen sources of growth medium on α-amylase production by Penicillium solitum a... more Effect of some nitrogen sources of growth medium on α-amylase production by Penicillium solitum and Aspergillus rubrum isolated from yam (Dioscorea alata)

Aspergillus versicolor and Aspergillus terreus isolated from deteriorated rice using potato dextr... more Aspergillus versicolor and Aspergillus terreus isolated from deteriorated rice using potato dextrose agar grew at 25 o C and expressed �± -amylase activity in a growth medium with potassium nitrate as nitrogen source and various carbon sources. The carbon sources which were varied were lactose, maltose, starch, sucrose, galactose and glucose. Rice also supported growth and induced �± -amylase production by these isolates. Aspergillus terreus seemed a better inducer. (Adekunle Odunayo Adejuwon, Bukola Ayodeji Bamkefa, Joseph Omololu-Aso, Shadrach O. Agunbiade. Effect of certain carbon sources of growth medium on �± -amylase production by Aspergillus versicolor and Aspergillus terreus. Researcher 2013;5(2):15-18). (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 3

In this investigation, a defined medium was inoculated with Candida albicans and Fusarium sp. Inc... more In this investigation, a defined medium was inoculated with Candida albicans and Fusarium sp. Incubation was at 28 o C. The composition of the medium was potassium dihydrogen sulphate, magnesium sulphate, calcium sulphate, hydrated iron sulphate, manganese sulphate, copper sulphate, zinc sulphate, thiamine, biotin, sodium nitrate (nitrogen source) and galactose (carbon source). Proteins which exhibited �± -amylase activity were expressed by the isolates within a period of eight days. The enzymes obtained on days of optimum activity were precipitated at 90% saturation and dialysed with buffer.The results showed that, by the seventh day of inoculation of the medium, optimum �± -amylase activity was expressed by Candida albicans. Production of �± -amylase by Fusarium sp. was optimum by the sixth day. The �± -amylases constituted by the two isolates, partially purified, were stimulated by Na + but inhibited by HgCl2 and EDTA.

Abstract: In this investigation, a defined medium was inoculated with Candida albicans and Fusari... more Abstract: In this investigation, a defined medium was inoculated with Candida albicans and Fusarium sp. Incubation was at 28oC. The composition of the medium was potassium dihydrogen sulphate, magnesium sulphate, calcium sulphate, hydrated iron sulphate, manganese sulphate, copper sulphate, zinc sulphate, thiamine, biotin, sodium nitrate (nitrogen source) and galactose (carbon source). Proteins which exhibited α-amylase activity were expressed by the isolates within a period of eight days. The enzymes obtained on days of optimum activity were precipitated at 90 % saturation and dialysed with buffer.The results showed that, by the seventh day of inoculation of the medium, optimum α-amylase activity was expressed by Candida albicans. Production of α-amylase by Fusarium sp. was optimum by the sixth day. The α-amylases constituted by the two isolates, partially purified, were stimulated by Na+ but inhibited by HgCl2 and EDTA.