Baerbel Geisel - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Baerbel Geisel
A substantial proportion of the worlds crops rely on insect pollination, yet for many we have lit... more A substantial proportion of the worlds crops rely on insect pollination, yet for many we have little or no information as to which pollinators are most effective. Pollinator management has traditionally focussed exclusively on one species, the honeybee, Apis mellifera. Yet this bee is not able to adequately pollinate some crops, and is an unreliable pollinator in cold and wet climates. Natural populations of wild bee species and other insects probably contribute greatly to pollination of many crops. Yet many of these insects have declined greatly in the last 50 years as a result of agricultural intensification. It seems certain that the yield of some crops is now limited by inadequate pollination, and that opportunities for diversification into novel crops may be reduced through a lack of suitable pollinators. Agri-environment schemes provide an opportunity to enhance pollinator populations in farmland, but at present little is known as to which schemes are most suitable. Large-scale field trials are needed to assess how best to encourage and sustain populations of wild pollinators on farmland.
Im Rahmen einer epidemiologischen Feldstudie werden zentrale Annahmen, die das diagnostische Konz... more Im Rahmen einer epidemiologischen Feldstudie werden zentrale Annahmen, die das diagnostische Konzept der Minimalen Cerebralen Dysfunktion (MCD) begründen, einer empirischen Prüfung unterzogen. Die Stichprobe der Studie erfasste 399 Mannheimer Kinder des Geburtsjahrgangs 1970, die zum Zeitpunkt der Untersuchung acht Jahre alt waren und einen Intelligenzquotienten größer/gleich 85 aufwiesen. Das verwendete Instrumentarium bestand aus einer neurologisch/neurophysiologischen Untersuchung, einer neuropsychologischen Prüfungsreihe, einer psychologischen Testbatterie und einem psychiatrischen Elterninterview. Die erfassten Daten wurden mit Hilfe faktorenanalytischer Methoden auf drei diagnostischen Ebenen (neurophysiologische Auffälligkeiten, neuropsychologische Störungen und Teilleistungsstörungen) aggregiert. Zusätzlich wurde ein diagnostischer Bereich psychopathologischer Auffälligkeiten abgegrenzt. Die Ergebnisse liefern wenig Belege für das MCD-Konzept: Weder fand sich eine regelhafte...
Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie
Als Ergebnis einer epidemiologischen Untersuchung an 400 achtjährigen Kindern wird eine Mehrebene... more Als Ergebnis einer epidemiologischen Untersuchung an 400 achtjährigen Kindern wird eine Mehrebenen-Falldefinition der zerebralen Dysfunktion vorgestellt, die sich eines strengen Item-Selektionsprozesses und faktorenanalytischer Methoden bedient. Die drei diagnostischen Ebenen (Neurophysiologie, Neuropsychologie und spezifische Fähigkeiten) erwiesen sich als nahezu unabhängig. Entsprechend der vorgestellten Definition lag die Prävalenzrate für zerebrale Dysfunktion bei 12,6$ Prozent, die Rate der Kinder, die zudem psychiatrische Störungen aufwiesen, bei 3,3$ Prozent. Es wird aufgezeigt, dass zerebrale Dysfunktion und nachteilige familiäre Faktoren die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Auftretens einer psychiatrischen Störung erhöhen. Zerebrale Dysfunktion stand nicht in einem signifikanten Zusammenhang zu anamnestischen Risiken oder einer spezifischen Psychopathologie.
Saarländisches Aerzteblatt
The presence of the main clinical features usually associated with the concept of "cerebral ... more The presence of the main clinical features usually associated with the concept of "cerebral dysfunction" was appraised as part of an epidemiological study involving eight-year-olds in the general population and those seen at a child guidance clinic. Some of the findings differed markedly from what is commonly asserted. (1) The dimensions used for diagnosis of cerebral dysfunction were relatively independent of each other, which is inconsistent with the assumption of a singel uniform syndrome. (2) The psychopathology in the children with cerebral dysfunction was not uniform. (3) No significant correlations were found between cerebral dysfunction and anamnestic data concerning pregnancy and birth. (4) Psychiatric disorders were found more frequently in the children with cerebral dysfunction than in those without. Im Rahmen einer epidemiologischen Feld- und Inanspruchnahmeuntersuchung bei insgesamt 364 Achtjährigen wurden die wesentlichen klinischen Grundannahmen zum Konzept ...
Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie, 1982
Arzneimittel-Forschung, 1977
In the urine of rats the following metabolites of the xantinol derivative 2-(1,3-dimethyl-xanthin... more In the urine of rats the following metabolites of the xantinol derivative 2-(1,3-dimethyl-xanthinyl-(7)-methyl)-4-methyl-morpholine were found: 2-[1,3-dimethyl-xanthinyl-(7)-methyl]-morpholine and 2-[1,3-dimethyl-xanthinyl-(7)-methyl]-4-methyl-morpholin-5-one. These compounds represent about 13.7% of the p.o. applied 2-[1,3-dimethyl-xanthinyl-(7)-methyl]-4-methyl-morpholine. Their structure has been elucidated by IR-, PMR- and mass spectrometry.
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1987
An epidemiological field investigation of 399 8-yr-old children was unable to support basic assum... more An epidemiological field investigation of 399 8-yr-old children was unable to support basic assumptions of the clinical MBD concept (existence of a homogeneous syndrome, specific psychopalhology, evidence of increased perinatal risks). Using a multi-level case definition procedure and factor-analytic data aggregation, nearly complete independence was found among the diagnosticaJ levels of neurophysioiogy, neuropsychology and specific skills. Main results were replicated after the application of severaJ alternative models of case definition and were further confirmed by data from a clinical sample. Present findings emphasize the necessity to reconsider the concept of MBD and its practical consequences.
Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, 1986
As part of an epidemiological follow-up study, data collected from 356 children at ages 8 and 13 ... more As part of an epidemiological follow-up study, data collected from 356 children at ages 8 and 13 and from their parents were analyzed to examine the relationship of parental child-rearing behavior and parents' psychological problems to the intellectual, emotional and social development of the offspring. The results revealed that while children are growing up father and child influence each other in specific ways. The fathers were particularly active in developing their children's cognitive abilities and had a strong influence especially on the development of their sons. At both age 8 and age 13, children whose parents had psychiatric disturbances, regardless of which parent was affected, were much more likely than those with normal parents to have psychiatric disorders themselves. Significant parental gender effects were found, however, when the form of the child's disorder was considered: At age 13, the children were at a higher risk for a conduct disorder if the father...
A substantial proportion of the worlds crops rely on insect pollination, yet for many we have lit... more A substantial proportion of the worlds crops rely on insect pollination, yet for many we have little or no information as to which pollinators are most effective. Pollinator management has traditionally focussed exclusively on one species, the honeybee, Apis mellifera. Yet this bee is not able to adequately pollinate some crops, and is an unreliable pollinator in cold and wet climates. Natural populations of wild bee species and other insects probably contribute greatly to pollination of many crops. Yet many of these insects have declined greatly in the last 50 years as a result of agricultural intensification. It seems certain that the yield of some crops is now limited by inadequate pollination, and that opportunities for diversification into novel crops may be reduced through a lack of suitable pollinators. Agri-environment schemes provide an opportunity to enhance pollinator populations in farmland, but at present little is known as to which schemes are most suitable. Large-scale field trials are needed to assess how best to encourage and sustain populations of wild pollinators on farmland.
Im Rahmen einer epidemiologischen Feldstudie werden zentrale Annahmen, die das diagnostische Konz... more Im Rahmen einer epidemiologischen Feldstudie werden zentrale Annahmen, die das diagnostische Konzept der Minimalen Cerebralen Dysfunktion (MCD) begründen, einer empirischen Prüfung unterzogen. Die Stichprobe der Studie erfasste 399 Mannheimer Kinder des Geburtsjahrgangs 1970, die zum Zeitpunkt der Untersuchung acht Jahre alt waren und einen Intelligenzquotienten größer/gleich 85 aufwiesen. Das verwendete Instrumentarium bestand aus einer neurologisch/neurophysiologischen Untersuchung, einer neuropsychologischen Prüfungsreihe, einer psychologischen Testbatterie und einem psychiatrischen Elterninterview. Die erfassten Daten wurden mit Hilfe faktorenanalytischer Methoden auf drei diagnostischen Ebenen (neurophysiologische Auffälligkeiten, neuropsychologische Störungen und Teilleistungsstörungen) aggregiert. Zusätzlich wurde ein diagnostischer Bereich psychopathologischer Auffälligkeiten abgegrenzt. Die Ergebnisse liefern wenig Belege für das MCD-Konzept: Weder fand sich eine regelhafte...
Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie
Als Ergebnis einer epidemiologischen Untersuchung an 400 achtjährigen Kindern wird eine Mehrebene... more Als Ergebnis einer epidemiologischen Untersuchung an 400 achtjährigen Kindern wird eine Mehrebenen-Falldefinition der zerebralen Dysfunktion vorgestellt, die sich eines strengen Item-Selektionsprozesses und faktorenanalytischer Methoden bedient. Die drei diagnostischen Ebenen (Neurophysiologie, Neuropsychologie und spezifische Fähigkeiten) erwiesen sich als nahezu unabhängig. Entsprechend der vorgestellten Definition lag die Prävalenzrate für zerebrale Dysfunktion bei 12,6$ Prozent, die Rate der Kinder, die zudem psychiatrische Störungen aufwiesen, bei 3,3$ Prozent. Es wird aufgezeigt, dass zerebrale Dysfunktion und nachteilige familiäre Faktoren die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Auftretens einer psychiatrischen Störung erhöhen. Zerebrale Dysfunktion stand nicht in einem signifikanten Zusammenhang zu anamnestischen Risiken oder einer spezifischen Psychopathologie.
Saarländisches Aerzteblatt
The presence of the main clinical features usually associated with the concept of "cerebral ... more The presence of the main clinical features usually associated with the concept of "cerebral dysfunction" was appraised as part of an epidemiological study involving eight-year-olds in the general population and those seen at a child guidance clinic. Some of the findings differed markedly from what is commonly asserted. (1) The dimensions used for diagnosis of cerebral dysfunction were relatively independent of each other, which is inconsistent with the assumption of a singel uniform syndrome. (2) The psychopathology in the children with cerebral dysfunction was not uniform. (3) No significant correlations were found between cerebral dysfunction and anamnestic data concerning pregnancy and birth. (4) Psychiatric disorders were found more frequently in the children with cerebral dysfunction than in those without. Im Rahmen einer epidemiologischen Feld- und Inanspruchnahmeuntersuchung bei insgesamt 364 Achtjährigen wurden die wesentlichen klinischen Grundannahmen zum Konzept ...
Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie, 1982
Arzneimittel-Forschung, 1977
In the urine of rats the following metabolites of the xantinol derivative 2-(1,3-dimethyl-xanthin... more In the urine of rats the following metabolites of the xantinol derivative 2-(1,3-dimethyl-xanthinyl-(7)-methyl)-4-methyl-morpholine were found: 2-[1,3-dimethyl-xanthinyl-(7)-methyl]-morpholine and 2-[1,3-dimethyl-xanthinyl-(7)-methyl]-4-methyl-morpholin-5-one. These compounds represent about 13.7% of the p.o. applied 2-[1,3-dimethyl-xanthinyl-(7)-methyl]-4-methyl-morpholine. Their structure has been elucidated by IR-, PMR- and mass spectrometry.
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1987
An epidemiological field investigation of 399 8-yr-old children was unable to support basic assum... more An epidemiological field investigation of 399 8-yr-old children was unable to support basic assumptions of the clinical MBD concept (existence of a homogeneous syndrome, specific psychopalhology, evidence of increased perinatal risks). Using a multi-level case definition procedure and factor-analytic data aggregation, nearly complete independence was found among the diagnosticaJ levels of neurophysioiogy, neuropsychology and specific skills. Main results were replicated after the application of severaJ alternative models of case definition and were further confirmed by data from a clinical sample. Present findings emphasize the necessity to reconsider the concept of MBD and its practical consequences.
Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, 1986
As part of an epidemiological follow-up study, data collected from 356 children at ages 8 and 13 ... more As part of an epidemiological follow-up study, data collected from 356 children at ages 8 and 13 and from their parents were analyzed to examine the relationship of parental child-rearing behavior and parents' psychological problems to the intellectual, emotional and social development of the offspring. The results revealed that while children are growing up father and child influence each other in specific ways. The fathers were particularly active in developing their children's cognitive abilities and had a strong influence especially on the development of their sons. At both age 8 and age 13, children whose parents had psychiatric disturbances, regardless of which parent was affected, were much more likely than those with normal parents to have psychiatric disorders themselves. Significant parental gender effects were found, however, when the form of the child's disorder was considered: At age 13, the children were at a higher risk for a conduct disorder if the father...