Baird Callicott - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Baird Callicott

Transtext(e)s transcultures, Dec 1, 2018

富山大学人間発達科学部附属人間発達科学研究実践総合センター, Dec 1, 2016

Socio-Ecological Practice Research, 2022

Environmental History Review, 1990

... Newton and other 17th century scientists may have been inspired by belief in a transcendent c... more ... Newton and other 17th century scientists may have been inspired by belief in a transcendent creative deity and the imago dei to try to "think God's thoughts after Him," but the details of His supposed thoughts were inspired by Pythagoras and Democritus, not Moses and Paul.6 ...

Environmental Ethics, 2000

"The Great New Wilderness Debate" is an expansive, wide-ranging collection that address... more "The Great New Wilderness Debate" is an expansive, wide-ranging collection that addresses the pivotal environmental issues of the modern era. This eclectic volume on the varied constructions of wilderness reveals the recent controversies that surround those conceptions, and the gulf between those who argue for wilderness "preservation" and those who argue for "wise use."J. Baird Callicott and Michael P. Nelson have selected thirty-nine essays that provide historical context, range broadly across the issues, and set forth the positions of the debate. Beginning with such well-known authors as Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, John Muir, and Aldo Leopold, the collection moves forward to the contemporary debate and presents seminal works by a number of the most distinguished scholars in environmental history and environmental philosophy. "The Great New Wilderness Debate" also includes essays by conservation biologists, cultural geographers, environmental activists, and contemporary writers on the environment."

BioScience, 2012

massaRdo, Gene e. likens, chRistopheR B. andeRson, alexandRia poole, kelli p. moses, euGene haRGR... more massaRdo, Gene e. likens, chRistopheR B. andeRson, alexandRia poole, kelli p. moses, euGene haRGRove, andRes o. mansilla, James h. kennedy, maRy Willson, kuRt Jax, clive G. Jones, J. BaiRd callicott, and maRy t. k. aRRoyo The South American temperate and sub-Antarctic forests cover the longest latitudinal range in the Southern Hemisphere and include the world's southernmost forests. However, until now, this unique biome has been absent from global ecosystem research and monitoring networks. Moreover, the latitudinal range of between 40 degrees (°) south (S) and 60° S constitutes a conspicuous gap in the International Long-Term Ecological Research (ILTER) and other international networks. We first identify 10 globally salient attributes of biological and cultural diversity in southwestern South America. We then present the nascent Chilean Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research (LTSER) network, which will incorporate a new biome into ILTER. Finally, we introduce the field environmental philosophy methodology, developed by the Chilean LTSER network to integrate ecological sciences and environmental ethics into graduate education and biocultural conservation. This approach broadens the prevailing economic spectrum of social dimensions considered by LTSER programs and helps foster bioculturally diverse forms of Earth stewardship.

Fertility and Sterility, 2003

Once an investment portfolio has been designed and implemented, the main job of an investor and i... more Once an investment portfolio has been designed and implemented, the main job of an investor and its advisors is to monitor the portfolio to be certain it is performing as it was designed to perform. Almost nothing that can usefully be done with an invested portfolio can be done intelligently if its performance is imperfectly understood. Proper monitoring can disclose when a manager should be terminated or given more money, if the portfolio is in or out of balance versus its target strategy, whether tactical moves might be productive, whether the overall portfolio design needs to be revisited, and so on. Unfortunately this apparently straightforward process is actually fraught with multiple perils, some of which are technological, some of which are conceptual, and some of which are behavioral. The purpose of this paper is not to present an exhaustive discussion of the vastly complex topic of investment performance reporting, but simply to outline how the process works, to identify the major challenges, and to suggest how some of the challenges might best be handled. 1 Varieties of performance reports First, a quick note about the kinds of performance reports investors are likely to receive, since one of the challenges we face is deciphering very different types of reports from different sources and reconciling real or apparent discrepancies among them. Most investors will receive at least three kinds of reports: reports from the money managers themselves, reports from the custodian holding our cash and securities, and reports from an overall advisor of some kind, typically, but not always, an investment consultant. Manager reports. All money managers send account statements to their clients, and most of these reports will be consistent with AIMR guidelines. 2 But that is the end of the similarity. Some managers send monthly reports, some send quarterly reports, some (especially some hedge funds and private equity partnerships) send only annual reports. 1 Parts of this paper are based on the discussion in Creative Capital: Managing Private Wealth in a Complex World, by Gregory Curtis (iUniverse Press, 2004), especially Chapter 16. 2 Association for Investment Management Research, now known as the CFA Institute. AIMR guidelines are designed to ensure that managers report their returns in a manner that is both internally consistent and that is consistent from manager to manager.

Worldviews: Global Religions, Culture, and Ecology, 2005

A Sand County Almanac by Aldo Leopold is arguably the most influential text for the contemporary ... more A Sand County Almanac by Aldo Leopold is arguably the most influential text for the contemporary environmental movement. It is designed to entice readers to seek direct and sustained experience of nature and to structure that experience through the lens of ecology and evolutionary biology. Part I implicitly conveys the evolutionary-ecological worldview through descriptive prose; in Part II it is expressed in more abstract, conceptual terms; Part III explores its normative implications. The wisdom of this project is problematic. Environmental education in the form of worldview remediation should be encouraged at the post-secondary level of education, but should be complemented by an effort to express positive environmental attitudes and values in terms of popular, pre-scientific worldviews—such as that of the Judeo-Christian-Islamic tradition.

Socio-Ecological Practice Research

Ethics, Policy & Environment

Environ Value, 1999

In 'No Experience Necessary: Foundationalism and the Retreat from Culture in Environmental Et... more In 'No Experience Necessary: Foundationalism and the Retreat from Culture in Environmental Ethics', Ben A. Minteer forgivably misconstrues my critique of moral pluralism. Contrary to Minteer's representation: I do not accuse moral pluralists of 'moral promiscuity'; nor do I posit a 'master principle' to govern all human action respecting the environment; and although I offer conceptual foundations for environmental ethics, I do not claim that they rest on certain, a priori, and non-empirical intuitions. Rather, the conceptual foundations I offer for environmental ethics are largely scientific. Contrary to Minteer's representation: I do consider a multiplicity of contexts in which ethical actions are situated; and I do respectfully attend to and creatively engage a variety of cultural points of view, both western and nonwestern, in constructing environmental ethics. Anti-foundationalists, such as Minteer and Bryan G. Norton, ironically pose an insidious threat to democratic discussion and debate of environmental values, because they themselves posit, but do not frankly acknowledge, foundational beliefs.

A major force affecting many forest ecosystems is the encroachment of residential, commercial and... more A major force affecting many forest ecosystems is the encroachment of residential, commercial and industrial development. Analysis of the complex interactions between development decisions and ecosystems, and how the environmental consequences of these decisions influence human values and subsequent decisions will lead to a better understanding of the environmental consequences of private choices and public policies. Determining conditions of the interactions between human decisions and natural systems that lead to long-term sustainability of forest ecosystems is one goal of this work. Interactions between human stakeholders are represented using multi-agent models that act on forest landscape models in the form of land-use change. Feedback on the effects of these actions is received through ecological habitat metrics and hydrological responses. Results are presented on the dynamics of land-use change under different growth management strategies based on an area of the DallaseFort Worth (Texas, U.S.A.) region facing intense residential development.

Between the Species: An Online Journal for the Study of Philosophy and Animals, 1988

Harlan Miller has correctly identified the key concept of my proposed umbrella moral theory for a... more Harlan Miller has correctly identified the key concept of my proposed umbrella moral theory for animal liberation and environmental ethics-the "community concept," as Aldo Leopold called it in "The Land Ethic" of A Sand County Almanac.

Forest & Conservation History, 1989

Comparative Literature Studies, 2013

Geoforum, 2008

We synthesize the study of coupled natural and human systems across sites and cultures through a ... more We synthesize the study of coupled natural and human systems across sites and cultures through a process of simplification and abstraction based on multiple dimensions of human-nature connectedness: satisfaction of basic needs, psycho-cultural connectedness and regulation of use of natural resources. We thus provide both a place-based and general understanding of value-driven anthropogenic environmental change and response. Two questions guide this research: what are the crucial stakeholder values that drive land use decisions and thus land cover change? And how can knowledge of these values be used to make decisions and policies that sustain both the human and natural systems in a place? To explore these questions we build simulation models of four study sites, two in the State of Texas, United States, and two in Venezuela. All include protected areas, though they differ in the specifics of vegetation and land use. In the Texas sites, relatively affluent individuals are legally converting forests to residential, commercial, and industrial uses, while in Venezuela landless settlers are extra-legally converting forests for purposes of subsistence agriculture. Contemporary modeling techniques now facilitate simulations of stakeholder and ecosystem dynamics revealing emergent patterns. Such coupled human and natural systems are currently recognized as a form of biocomplexity. Our modeling framework is flexible enough to allow adaptation to each of the study sites, capturing the essential features of the respective natural and anthropogenic land use changes and stakeholder reactions. The interactions between human stakeholders are simulated using multi-agent models that act on forest landscape models, and receive feedback of the effects of these actions on ecological habitats and hydrological response. The multi-agent models employ a formal logicbased method for the Venezuelan sites and a decision analysis approach using multi-attribute utility functions for the Texas sites, differing more in style and emphasis than in substance. Our natural-systems models are generic and can be tailored according to site-specific conditions. Similar models of tree growth and patch transitions are used for all the study sites and the differing responses to environmental variables are specified for each local species and terrain conditions.