Barbara Zach - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Barbara Zach

Zusammenfassung -Im süddeutschen Oberrheingebiet, am Fuße des Kaiserstuhls, wurden 2017 beim Frei... more Zusammenfassung -Im süddeutschen Oberrheingebiet, am Fuße des Kaiserstuhls, wurden 2017 beim Freilegen eines spätbronzezeitlichen Fundplatzes mehrere Befunde aufgedeckt, die mit Lebensmittelzubereitung und -lagerung in Zusammenhang zu bringen sind. Hervorzuheben sind neben fünf Kochgruben auch mehrere Vorratsgefäße. Die archäobotanische Analyse der dort entnommenen Bodenproben führte speziell bei zwei Keramikbehältern unter anderem zur Bestimmung von zum Verzehr vorbereiteten Eicheln. Im Rahmen des Artikels werden diese Befunde mit einigen Vergleichsbeispielen vorgestellt.

Stadt Erding (Hrsg.), Spangenbarrenhort Oberding. Gebündelt und vergraben - ein rätselhaftes Kupferdepot der Frühbronzezeit, Museum Erding, Schriften 2 (Erding 2017), 2017

In Oberding, Erding district (Bavaria), excavations took place in April 2014. In several settleme... more In Oberding, Erding district (Bavaria), excavations took place in April 2014. In several settlement pits – dating to the Early Bronze Age – the biggest yet known so-called „Spangenbarren“ hoard with 796 ingots could be documented (about 80 kg copper). The ring ingots had been hidden in a separate hoard pit next to a settlement pit, which was already filled. They were laced in bundles of ten ring ingots and grouped in eight bigger bundle groups. The average weight of each ring ingot is 103 g. The ingot copper could be from three groups: a) one group with tetrahedrite (form the Inn valley), b) one group with chalcopyrite and c) one group with nickel (both from the Mitterberg region). The ceramic was concentrated in pit 1, most of them could be associated to the ceramic group Sengkofen/Jellenkofen, but a few others could be associated to the Vĕteřov-Böheimkirchen and Maďarovce-Culture. The ring ingots of type Bermatingen, the copper from the Mitterberg region, the typical early Bronze Age ceramic and radiocarbon data out of pit 1 are dating the whole find complex to the end of the Early Bronze Age in southern Bavaria. After all the hoard of Oberding is one of only a few Early Bronze Age hoards with “Spangenbarren” which were found during an archaeological excavation and is located in context with a concurrent Settlement.
Abstract of the Projekt written by: Sabrina Kutscher 2017

S. 53 - 110 doi:10.1553/archaeologia99s53 Abstract: This article is a preliminary report of two ... more S. 53 - 110
doi:10.1553/archaeologia99s53
Abstract:
This article is a preliminary report of two seasons of excavation at the Bronze Age site of Punta di Zambrone in southern Calabria (Italy). Two main habitation phases could be identified dating to the Early and the Recent Bronze Age respectively. The ashy layers of the Recent Bronze Age phase (13th – 12th centuries BCE) contained an exceptionally high quantity of Aegean-type ceramics, other Aegean-type objects and large amounts of local artefacts as well as charred plant remains. These finds are treated in the present report, and the relationships between Recent Bronze Age Italy and early post-palatial Mycenaean Greece are discussed.

Keywords: Punta di Zambrone, Recent Bronze Age, Calabria, Italy, Mycenaean Greece, Minoan Crete, archaeobotany

Published Online: 2015/12/11 08:51:34
Object Identifier: 0xc1aa500e 0x0032997a

Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2004

Late Holocene climatic changes caused a large scale regression of the Lake Chad shoreline followe... more Late Holocene climatic changes caused a large scale regression of the Lake Chad shoreline followed by an expansion of settlements into previously unexplored territories. Numerous Final Stone Age sites of the Gajiganna Culture (1,800 to 800 b.c.) in the Lake Chad Basin (northeast Nigeria) yielded plant impressions in potsherds. The ceramics of Phase I (1,800–1,400 b.c.) were mineral tempered, and plant impressions, mainly of Paniceae, were caused only by incidental inclusion. In contrast, a considerable number of the sherds from Phase II (1,500–800 b.c.) were intentionally tempered with chaff derived from domesticated pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), wild Paniceae and wild rice species (Oryza cf. barthii and O. cf. longistaminata). This plant spectrum suggests the exploitation of the wet wild areas, and also the cultivation of pearl millet on sandy soils. The evidence suggests that agricultural practices were established late and were introduced from elsewhere. During the time of seasonally occupied sites in Phase I, the subsistence strategy was based on herding, fishing, and gathering, while in Phase II there are signs of permanent settlements and agriculture. The evidence from the plant impressions indicates that in the Final Stone Age Gajiganna Culture around 1,000–800 b.c., pearl millet became well established while the gathering of wild millets and rice was still practised.

Archäologisches …, Jan 1, 2002

Archäologisches …, Jan 1, 2002

14th Symposium of the IWGP, Jan 1, 2007

For the early Iron Age Elymian town on Monte Polizzo, inland western Sicily, hulled barley was th... more For the early Iron Age Elymian town on Monte Polizzo, inland western Sicily, hulled barley was the dominant cereal, followed by emmer and free-threshing wheat. The dominant legume was Vicia faba. In the contemporary Greek harbour town of Selinunte on the southern coast of western Sicily, free-threshing wheat was dominant, while hulled barley and the legume V. ervilia were subdominant. For Selinunte, an import of cereals from the Elymians is suggested. The investigated area around the agora (marketplace) yielded a processed cereal product and edible fruit as the predominantly consumed plantbased food in Selinunte. Its hinterland most probably provided space for large-scale maintenance of horses and oxen as well as for stock breeding for consumption. At ''House 1'' on Monte Polizzo, the archaeobotanical record matches well with the archaeological interpretation of different rooms used for ritual consumption, everyday life, crop processing and crop storage. During feasts in the style of Greek symposia, grapes and figs were consumed. The Elymians most probably adopted olive cultivation quite late. The charcoal analyses, mainly of roof beams from Monte Polizzo residential contexts, point to a sufficient availability of undisturbed natural climax woodland for timberwork.

EOEC Annual Meeting 2006, Jan 1, 2006

An academic directory and search engine.

15. Jahrestreffen des AK …, Jan 1, 2005

An academic directory and search engine.

Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, Jan 1, 2008

For the early Iron Age Elymian town on Monte Polizzo, inland western Sicily, hulled barley was th... more For the early Iron Age Elymian town on Monte Polizzo, inland western Sicily, hulled barley was the dominant cereal, followed by emmer and free-threshing wheat. The dominant legume was Vicia faba. In the contemporary Greek harbour town of Selinunte on the southern coast of western Sicily, free-threshing wheat was dominant, while hulled barley and the legume V. ervilia were subdominant. For Selinunte, an import of cereals from the Elymians is suggested. The investigated area around the agora (marketplace) yielded a processed cereal product and edible fruit as the predominantly consumed plantbased food in Selinunte. Its hinterland most probably provided space for large-scale maintenance of horses and oxen as well as for stock breeding for consumption. At ''House 1'' on Monte Polizzo, the archaeobotanical record matches well with the archaeological interpretation of different rooms used for ritual consumption, everyday life, crop processing and crop storage. During feasts in the style of Greek symposia, grapes and figs were consumed. The Elymians most probably adopted olive cultivation quite late. The charcoal analyses, mainly of roof beams from Monte Polizzo residential contexts, point to a sufficient availability of undisturbed natural climax woodland for timberwork.

Berichte des …, Jan 1, 1995

Be er ri ic ch ht te e d de es s S So on nd de er rf fo or rs sc ch hu un ng gs sb be er re ei ic... more Be er ri ic ch ht te e d de es s S So on nd de er rf fo or rs sc ch hu un ng gs sb be er re ei ic ch hs s 2

Proceedings of the …, Jan 1, 1996

Vegetation history and archaeobotany, Jan 1, 2004

Late Holocene climatic changes caused a large scale regression of the Lake Chad shoreline followe... more Late Holocene climatic changes caused a large scale regression of the Lake Chad shoreline followed by an expansion of settlements into previously unexplored territories. Numerous Final Stone Age sites of the Gajiganna Culture (1,800 to 800 b.c.) in the Lake Chad Basin (northeast Nigeria) yielded plant impressions in potsherds. The ceramics of Phase I (1,800-1,400 b.c.) were mineral tempered, and plant impressions, mainly of Paniceae, were caused only by incidental inclusion. In contrast, a considerable number of the sherds from Phase II (1,500-800 b.c.) were intentionally tempered with chaff derived from domesticated pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), wild Paniceae and wild rice species (Oryza cf. barthii and O. cf. longistaminata). This plant spectrum suggests the exploitation of the wet wild areas, and also the cultivation of pearl millet on sandy soils. The evidence suggests that agricultural practices were established late and were introduced from elsewhere. During the time of seasonally occupied sites in Phase I, the subsistence strategy was based on herding, fishing, and gathering, while in Phase II there are signs of permanent settlements and agriculture. The evidence from the plant impressions indicates that in the Final Stone Age Gajiganna Culture around 1,000-800 b.c., pearl millet became well established while the gathering of wild millets and rice was still practised.

Vegetation history and archaeobotany, Jan 1, 2003

This paper continues the presentation of archaeobotanical remains from Kursakata, northeast Niger... more This paper continues the presentation of archaeobotanical remains from Kursakata, northeast Nigeria, with a more detailed discussion on Pennisetum (part 1) and the catalogue of the fruits and seeds (part 2). The settlement mound of Kursakata was introduced in an earlier publication . An important topic is the morphological criteria for separating domesticated pearl millet grains from those of wild species. Very small naked grains of Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. (pearl millet) were noticeable among the rich archaeobotanical remains in deposits at least from 800 cal B.C. and younger. The question is raised whether these grains really derived from domesticated Pennisetum glaucum or from wild Pennisetum species. The club-shaped outline and the thickness to breadth (T/B) index which correspond to modern domesticated caryopses are the main features which led to the conclusion that they belong to a domesticated type. The catalogue comprises all identified taxa from this archaeological site. As descriptions are rarely available for most of these West African species, it gives their morphological portraits which are particularly outstanding in African archaeobotany.

The exploitation of plant resources in ancient …, Jan 1, 1999

8 THE EXPLOITATION OF WILD AND DOMESTICATED FOOD PLANTS AT SETTLEMENT MOUNDS IN NORTH-EAST NIGERI... more 8 THE EXPLOITATION OF WILD AND DOMESTICATED FOOD PLANTS AT SETTLEMENT MOUNDS IN NORTH-EAST NIGERIA (1800 CAL BC TO TODAY) Marlies Klee and Barbara Zach Seminar fur Vor-und Fruhgeschichte Archaologie und Archaobotanik Afrikas JW Goethe ...

Zusammenfassung -Im süddeutschen Oberrheingebiet, am Fuße des Kaiserstuhls, wurden 2017 beim Frei... more Zusammenfassung -Im süddeutschen Oberrheingebiet, am Fuße des Kaiserstuhls, wurden 2017 beim Freilegen eines spätbronzezeitlichen Fundplatzes mehrere Befunde aufgedeckt, die mit Lebensmittelzubereitung und -lagerung in Zusammenhang zu bringen sind. Hervorzuheben sind neben fünf Kochgruben auch mehrere Vorratsgefäße. Die archäobotanische Analyse der dort entnommenen Bodenproben führte speziell bei zwei Keramikbehältern unter anderem zur Bestimmung von zum Verzehr vorbereiteten Eicheln. Im Rahmen des Artikels werden diese Befunde mit einigen Vergleichsbeispielen vorgestellt.

Stadt Erding (Hrsg.), Spangenbarrenhort Oberding. Gebündelt und vergraben - ein rätselhaftes Kupferdepot der Frühbronzezeit, Museum Erding, Schriften 2 (Erding 2017), 2017

In Oberding, Erding district (Bavaria), excavations took place in April 2014. In several settleme... more In Oberding, Erding district (Bavaria), excavations took place in April 2014. In several settlement pits – dating to the Early Bronze Age – the biggest yet known so-called „Spangenbarren“ hoard with 796 ingots could be documented (about 80 kg copper). The ring ingots had been hidden in a separate hoard pit next to a settlement pit, which was already filled. They were laced in bundles of ten ring ingots and grouped in eight bigger bundle groups. The average weight of each ring ingot is 103 g. The ingot copper could be from three groups: a) one group with tetrahedrite (form the Inn valley), b) one group with chalcopyrite and c) one group with nickel (both from the Mitterberg region). The ceramic was concentrated in pit 1, most of them could be associated to the ceramic group Sengkofen/Jellenkofen, but a few others could be associated to the Vĕteřov-Böheimkirchen and Maďarovce-Culture. The ring ingots of type Bermatingen, the copper from the Mitterberg region, the typical early Bronze Age ceramic and radiocarbon data out of pit 1 are dating the whole find complex to the end of the Early Bronze Age in southern Bavaria. After all the hoard of Oberding is one of only a few Early Bronze Age hoards with “Spangenbarren” which were found during an archaeological excavation and is located in context with a concurrent Settlement.
Abstract of the Projekt written by: Sabrina Kutscher 2017

S. 53 - 110 doi:10.1553/archaeologia99s53 Abstract: This article is a preliminary report of two ... more S. 53 - 110
doi:10.1553/archaeologia99s53
Abstract:
This article is a preliminary report of two seasons of excavation at the Bronze Age site of Punta di Zambrone in southern Calabria (Italy). Two main habitation phases could be identified dating to the Early and the Recent Bronze Age respectively. The ashy layers of the Recent Bronze Age phase (13th – 12th centuries BCE) contained an exceptionally high quantity of Aegean-type ceramics, other Aegean-type objects and large amounts of local artefacts as well as charred plant remains. These finds are treated in the present report, and the relationships between Recent Bronze Age Italy and early post-palatial Mycenaean Greece are discussed.

Keywords: Punta di Zambrone, Recent Bronze Age, Calabria, Italy, Mycenaean Greece, Minoan Crete, archaeobotany

Published Online: 2015/12/11 08:51:34
Object Identifier: 0xc1aa500e 0x0032997a

Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2004

Late Holocene climatic changes caused a large scale regression of the Lake Chad shoreline followe... more Late Holocene climatic changes caused a large scale regression of the Lake Chad shoreline followed by an expansion of settlements into previously unexplored territories. Numerous Final Stone Age sites of the Gajiganna Culture (1,800 to 800 b.c.) in the Lake Chad Basin (northeast Nigeria) yielded plant impressions in potsherds. The ceramics of Phase I (1,800–1,400 b.c.) were mineral tempered, and plant impressions, mainly of Paniceae, were caused only by incidental inclusion. In contrast, a considerable number of the sherds from Phase II (1,500–800 b.c.) were intentionally tempered with chaff derived from domesticated pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), wild Paniceae and wild rice species (Oryza cf. barthii and O. cf. longistaminata). This plant spectrum suggests the exploitation of the wet wild areas, and also the cultivation of pearl millet on sandy soils. The evidence suggests that agricultural practices were established late and were introduced from elsewhere. During the time of seasonally occupied sites in Phase I, the subsistence strategy was based on herding, fishing, and gathering, while in Phase II there are signs of permanent settlements and agriculture. The evidence from the plant impressions indicates that in the Final Stone Age Gajiganna Culture around 1,000–800 b.c., pearl millet became well established while the gathering of wild millets and rice was still practised.

Archäologisches …, Jan 1, 2002

Archäologisches …, Jan 1, 2002

14th Symposium of the IWGP, Jan 1, 2007

For the early Iron Age Elymian town on Monte Polizzo, inland western Sicily, hulled barley was th... more For the early Iron Age Elymian town on Monte Polizzo, inland western Sicily, hulled barley was the dominant cereal, followed by emmer and free-threshing wheat. The dominant legume was Vicia faba. In the contemporary Greek harbour town of Selinunte on the southern coast of western Sicily, free-threshing wheat was dominant, while hulled barley and the legume V. ervilia were subdominant. For Selinunte, an import of cereals from the Elymians is suggested. The investigated area around the agora (marketplace) yielded a processed cereal product and edible fruit as the predominantly consumed plantbased food in Selinunte. Its hinterland most probably provided space for large-scale maintenance of horses and oxen as well as for stock breeding for consumption. At ''House 1'' on Monte Polizzo, the archaeobotanical record matches well with the archaeological interpretation of different rooms used for ritual consumption, everyday life, crop processing and crop storage. During feasts in the style of Greek symposia, grapes and figs were consumed. The Elymians most probably adopted olive cultivation quite late. The charcoal analyses, mainly of roof beams from Monte Polizzo residential contexts, point to a sufficient availability of undisturbed natural climax woodland for timberwork.

EOEC Annual Meeting 2006, Jan 1, 2006

An academic directory and search engine.

15. Jahrestreffen des AK …, Jan 1, 2005

An academic directory and search engine.

Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, Jan 1, 2008

For the early Iron Age Elymian town on Monte Polizzo, inland western Sicily, hulled barley was th... more For the early Iron Age Elymian town on Monte Polizzo, inland western Sicily, hulled barley was the dominant cereal, followed by emmer and free-threshing wheat. The dominant legume was Vicia faba. In the contemporary Greek harbour town of Selinunte on the southern coast of western Sicily, free-threshing wheat was dominant, while hulled barley and the legume V. ervilia were subdominant. For Selinunte, an import of cereals from the Elymians is suggested. The investigated area around the agora (marketplace) yielded a processed cereal product and edible fruit as the predominantly consumed plantbased food in Selinunte. Its hinterland most probably provided space for large-scale maintenance of horses and oxen as well as for stock breeding for consumption. At ''House 1'' on Monte Polizzo, the archaeobotanical record matches well with the archaeological interpretation of different rooms used for ritual consumption, everyday life, crop processing and crop storage. During feasts in the style of Greek symposia, grapes and figs were consumed. The Elymians most probably adopted olive cultivation quite late. The charcoal analyses, mainly of roof beams from Monte Polizzo residential contexts, point to a sufficient availability of undisturbed natural climax woodland for timberwork.

Berichte des …, Jan 1, 1995

Be er ri ic ch ht te e d de es s S So on nd de er rf fo or rs sc ch hu un ng gs sb be er re ei ic... more Be er ri ic ch ht te e d de es s S So on nd de er rf fo or rs sc ch hu un ng gs sb be er re ei ic ch hs s 2

Proceedings of the …, Jan 1, 1996

Vegetation history and archaeobotany, Jan 1, 2004

Late Holocene climatic changes caused a large scale regression of the Lake Chad shoreline followe... more Late Holocene climatic changes caused a large scale regression of the Lake Chad shoreline followed by an expansion of settlements into previously unexplored territories. Numerous Final Stone Age sites of the Gajiganna Culture (1,800 to 800 b.c.) in the Lake Chad Basin (northeast Nigeria) yielded plant impressions in potsherds. The ceramics of Phase I (1,800-1,400 b.c.) were mineral tempered, and plant impressions, mainly of Paniceae, were caused only by incidental inclusion. In contrast, a considerable number of the sherds from Phase II (1,500-800 b.c.) were intentionally tempered with chaff derived from domesticated pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), wild Paniceae and wild rice species (Oryza cf. barthii and O. cf. longistaminata). This plant spectrum suggests the exploitation of the wet wild areas, and also the cultivation of pearl millet on sandy soils. The evidence suggests that agricultural practices were established late and were introduced from elsewhere. During the time of seasonally occupied sites in Phase I, the subsistence strategy was based on herding, fishing, and gathering, while in Phase II there are signs of permanent settlements and agriculture. The evidence from the plant impressions indicates that in the Final Stone Age Gajiganna Culture around 1,000-800 b.c., pearl millet became well established while the gathering of wild millets and rice was still practised.

Vegetation history and archaeobotany, Jan 1, 2003

This paper continues the presentation of archaeobotanical remains from Kursakata, northeast Niger... more This paper continues the presentation of archaeobotanical remains from Kursakata, northeast Nigeria, with a more detailed discussion on Pennisetum (part 1) and the catalogue of the fruits and seeds (part 2). The settlement mound of Kursakata was introduced in an earlier publication . An important topic is the morphological criteria for separating domesticated pearl millet grains from those of wild species. Very small naked grains of Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. (pearl millet) were noticeable among the rich archaeobotanical remains in deposits at least from 800 cal B.C. and younger. The question is raised whether these grains really derived from domesticated Pennisetum glaucum or from wild Pennisetum species. The club-shaped outline and the thickness to breadth (T/B) index which correspond to modern domesticated caryopses are the main features which led to the conclusion that they belong to a domesticated type. The catalogue comprises all identified taxa from this archaeological site. As descriptions are rarely available for most of these West African species, it gives their morphological portraits which are particularly outstanding in African archaeobotany.

The exploitation of plant resources in ancient …, Jan 1, 1999

8 THE EXPLOITATION OF WILD AND DOMESTICATED FOOD PLANTS AT SETTLEMENT MOUNDS IN NORTH-EAST NIGERI... more 8 THE EXPLOITATION OF WILD AND DOMESTICATED FOOD PLANTS AT SETTLEMENT MOUNDS IN NORTH-EAST NIGERIA (1800 CAL BC TO TODAY) Marlies Klee and Barbara Zach Seminar fur Vor-und Fruhgeschichte Archaologie und Archaobotanik Afrikas JW Goethe ...