Bartosz Zając - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Bartosz Zając
Journal of Clinical Medicine
The rules governing mountain running force athletes to implement into their training programmes u... more The rules governing mountain running force athletes to implement into their training programmes uphill and downhill running on unstable surfaces, which are demanding for hip and ankle as well as for the postural control system. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to compare highly trained mountain runners (MR) and recreational active non-runners (NR) on range of motion (ROM) and strength in the hip and ankle, as well as dynamic postural control. Thirty MR and thirty-two NR were included in the study. ROM was assessed using a digital inclinometer. Strength was measured using a hand-held dynamometer. Postural control was evaluated using the lower quarter Y-balance test (YBT-LQ). The results showed that MR, in relation to NR, had statistically significant smaller hip external rotation ROM (p = 0.007), lower hip external rotator (p = 0.006) and extensor (p = 0.023) strength and greater normalised anterior reach in the YBT-LQ (p = 0.028). Mountain running training may reduce...
The study aim was to evaluate associations between hip and ankle strength, ROM and YBT-LQ. The st... more The study aim was to evaluate associations between hip and ankle strength, ROM and YBT-LQ. The study involved 66 healthy males (age: 25.2+6.8 years). Each participant was assessed with ankle DF ROM, hip IR ROM, ER ROM and hip ABD, EXT and ER muscle isometric strength. The YBT-LQ test was performed for both limbs (stance and kicking leg). Forward two-step multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine relationships between a predictor set and the criterion variable. Of 6 input variables for regression models, only 2 (ankle DF ROM, hip ABD strength) explained variance of YBT-LQ performance. Variance for anterior, posteromedial (PM) and posterolateral (PL) reach distances were explained from R2 = 0.15 to R2 = 0.49, but the models’ composition in PM and PL differed between legs. YBT-LQ composite score in both legs was explained by the same model, including ankle DF ROM and hip ABD (R2 = 0.44; R2 = 0.25). Hip ABD strength and ankle DF ROM assessment may be useful in indiv...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
The aim of this study was to assess whether cycling training may influence quality of functional ... more The aim of this study was to assess whether cycling training may influence quality of functional movement patterns and dynamic postural control. We also sought to determine if the Functional Movement Screen and Lower Quarter Y-balance tests could be predictive of injury risk among adolescent road cyclists. Twenty-three male road cyclists, aged 15–18 years, were involved in the study. Quality of functional movement patterns was assessed using the Functional Movement Screen test (FMS). Dynamic postural control was evaluated using the Lower Quarter Y-balance test (YBT-LQ). Information on injury occurrence was collected through a retrospective survey. The results showed the highest percentage of scores equalling 0 and 1 (>30% in total) in two FMS component tests: the hurdle step and trunk stability push-up. The results also demonstrated a low injury predictive value of the Functional Movement Screen (cut-off <14/21 composite score) and the Lower Quarter Y-balance test (cut-off <...
Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2021
The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of pelvic floor muscles evaluation via transa... more The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of pelvic floor muscles evaluation via transabdominal ultrasonography in young nulliparous women and to present the methodology for quantitative assessment of the ultrasound image of the pelvic floor muscles visible as displacement of the posterior wall of the bladder, caused by action of the pelvic floor muscles. The study comprised 30 young, Caucasian, nulliparous women (age 22–27; 168.6 ± 5.1 cm; 57.1 ± 11.8 kg) without pelvic floor muscle dysfunctions. The intra-rater, test-retest and inter-rater reliability of pelvic floor muscles evaluation was performed using transabdominal ultrasound at rest and during voluntary contraction. The reliability was assessed at three points of the image (at the middle, on the right and left side). The reliability of the three-point measurement of the pelvic floor muscles transabdominal ultrasound is excellent in the case of intra-rater assessments, both at rest (ICC = 0.98–0.99) and during contr...
Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences, 2020
Study aim: The aim of the work was to determine the effects of an 18-week training programme on t... more Study aim: The aim of the work was to determine the effects of an 18-week training programme on the economics of running at a speed corresponding to the lactate threshold of an athlete from the track-and-field section of AZS AWF (University of Physical Education) Kraków. In addition, the objective was to determine the average heart rate and speed during a 10-km during in relation to threshold values for these parameters. Materials and methods: In the study, heart rate and speed at lactate threshold were determined using the pitch test. The indirect calorimetry method was applied to assess energy expenditure of the run. The training work carried out by the study participant was subject to registration and quantitative as well as qualitative analysis. Results: Observations indicated that the implemented training programme resulted in a reduction of energy expenditure by 6.32% when running at threshold speed. During the 10-km competitive run, the studied athlete obtained an average hea...
Applied Sciences
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether and how anaerobic fatigue induced by sport-specific... more The aim of this study was to evaluate whether and how anaerobic fatigue induced by sport-specific exercise affects the postural control of highly-trained adolescent road cyclists. Twenty-three male athletes, aged 15–18 years, were included in the study. Postural control was assessed using the pedobarographic platform (bipedal upright stance, sequentially, with eyes open (EO) and closed (EC) for 60 s each, with a 30 s interval), before and 3 min after a 30 s all-out effort performed on the ergometer. The results showed significant increases in the 95%-confidence ellipse area (p-value 0.000 and 0.001 for EO and EC, respectively), as well as centre-of-pressure (CoP) range displacement in the anteroposterior (p-value 0.000 for both EO and EC) and mediolateral (p-value 0.011 and 0.001 for EO and EC, respectively) planes. In addition, a significant decrease in CoP mean sway frequency was observed (p-value 0.000 and 0.001 for EO and EC, respectively), but no changes were noted in CoP mean ...
Journal of Clinical Medicine
The rules governing mountain running force athletes to implement into their training programmes u... more The rules governing mountain running force athletes to implement into their training programmes uphill and downhill running on unstable surfaces, which are demanding for hip and ankle as well as for the postural control system. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to compare highly trained mountain runners (MR) and recreational active non-runners (NR) on range of motion (ROM) and strength in the hip and ankle, as well as dynamic postural control. Thirty MR and thirty-two NR were included in the study. ROM was assessed using a digital inclinometer. Strength was measured using a hand-held dynamometer. Postural control was evaluated using the lower quarter Y-balance test (YBT-LQ). The results showed that MR, in relation to NR, had statistically significant smaller hip external rotation ROM (p = 0.007), lower hip external rotator (p = 0.006) and extensor (p = 0.023) strength and greater normalised anterior reach in the YBT-LQ (p = 0.028). Mountain running training may reduce...
The study aim was to evaluate associations between hip and ankle strength, ROM and YBT-LQ. The st... more The study aim was to evaluate associations between hip and ankle strength, ROM and YBT-LQ. The study involved 66 healthy males (age: 25.2+6.8 years). Each participant was assessed with ankle DF ROM, hip IR ROM, ER ROM and hip ABD, EXT and ER muscle isometric strength. The YBT-LQ test was performed for both limbs (stance and kicking leg). Forward two-step multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine relationships between a predictor set and the criterion variable. Of 6 input variables for regression models, only 2 (ankle DF ROM, hip ABD strength) explained variance of YBT-LQ performance. Variance for anterior, posteromedial (PM) and posterolateral (PL) reach distances were explained from R2 = 0.15 to R2 = 0.49, but the models’ composition in PM and PL differed between legs. YBT-LQ composite score in both legs was explained by the same model, including ankle DF ROM and hip ABD (R2 = 0.44; R2 = 0.25). Hip ABD strength and ankle DF ROM assessment may be useful in indiv...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
The aim of this study was to assess whether cycling training may influence quality of functional ... more The aim of this study was to assess whether cycling training may influence quality of functional movement patterns and dynamic postural control. We also sought to determine if the Functional Movement Screen and Lower Quarter Y-balance tests could be predictive of injury risk among adolescent road cyclists. Twenty-three male road cyclists, aged 15–18 years, were involved in the study. Quality of functional movement patterns was assessed using the Functional Movement Screen test (FMS). Dynamic postural control was evaluated using the Lower Quarter Y-balance test (YBT-LQ). Information on injury occurrence was collected through a retrospective survey. The results showed the highest percentage of scores equalling 0 and 1 (>30% in total) in two FMS component tests: the hurdle step and trunk stability push-up. The results also demonstrated a low injury predictive value of the Functional Movement Screen (cut-off <14/21 composite score) and the Lower Quarter Y-balance test (cut-off <...
Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2021
The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of pelvic floor muscles evaluation via transa... more The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of pelvic floor muscles evaluation via transabdominal ultrasonography in young nulliparous women and to present the methodology for quantitative assessment of the ultrasound image of the pelvic floor muscles visible as displacement of the posterior wall of the bladder, caused by action of the pelvic floor muscles. The study comprised 30 young, Caucasian, nulliparous women (age 22–27; 168.6 ± 5.1 cm; 57.1 ± 11.8 kg) without pelvic floor muscle dysfunctions. The intra-rater, test-retest and inter-rater reliability of pelvic floor muscles evaluation was performed using transabdominal ultrasound at rest and during voluntary contraction. The reliability was assessed at three points of the image (at the middle, on the right and left side). The reliability of the three-point measurement of the pelvic floor muscles transabdominal ultrasound is excellent in the case of intra-rater assessments, both at rest (ICC = 0.98–0.99) and during contr...
Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences, 2020
Study aim: The aim of the work was to determine the effects of an 18-week training programme on t... more Study aim: The aim of the work was to determine the effects of an 18-week training programme on the economics of running at a speed corresponding to the lactate threshold of an athlete from the track-and-field section of AZS AWF (University of Physical Education) Kraków. In addition, the objective was to determine the average heart rate and speed during a 10-km during in relation to threshold values for these parameters. Materials and methods: In the study, heart rate and speed at lactate threshold were determined using the pitch test. The indirect calorimetry method was applied to assess energy expenditure of the run. The training work carried out by the study participant was subject to registration and quantitative as well as qualitative analysis. Results: Observations indicated that the implemented training programme resulted in a reduction of energy expenditure by 6.32% when running at threshold speed. During the 10-km competitive run, the studied athlete obtained an average hea...
Applied Sciences
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether and how anaerobic fatigue induced by sport-specific... more The aim of this study was to evaluate whether and how anaerobic fatigue induced by sport-specific exercise affects the postural control of highly-trained adolescent road cyclists. Twenty-three male athletes, aged 15–18 years, were included in the study. Postural control was assessed using the pedobarographic platform (bipedal upright stance, sequentially, with eyes open (EO) and closed (EC) for 60 s each, with a 30 s interval), before and 3 min after a 30 s all-out effort performed on the ergometer. The results showed significant increases in the 95%-confidence ellipse area (p-value 0.000 and 0.001 for EO and EC, respectively), as well as centre-of-pressure (CoP) range displacement in the anteroposterior (p-value 0.000 for both EO and EC) and mediolateral (p-value 0.011 and 0.001 for EO and EC, respectively) planes. In addition, a significant decrease in CoP mean sway frequency was observed (p-value 0.000 and 0.001 for EO and EC, respectively), but no changes were noted in CoP mean ...