Peng Kee Chang - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Peng Kee Chang

e-Bangi, Nov 14, 2020

Kajian pembinaan bingkai media merupakan sebuah kajian yang dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti apaka... more Kajian pembinaan bingkai media merupakan sebuah kajian yang dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti apakah bingkai yang dibina oleh media tentang sesuatu isu dan faktor yang mempengaruhi media membina bingkai sebegitu. Walau bagaimanapun, perkembangan asas konsep bingkai menyatakan bahawa bingkai dunia ini terbina melalui beberapa proses yang bermula dengan pengalaman individu, dikembangkan oleh komunikasi interpersonal dan dikukuhkan dengan persetujuan sosial. Maka, adalah jelas bahawa bingkai dunia yang merupakan binaan sosial dan bukan pula binaan media tetapi media hanya berperanan merefleksi semula bingkai sosial ini untuk dikongsi dengan masyarakat yang lain. Kekeliruan konsep bingkai ini telah menjadikan kaedah analisis yang digunakan untuk mengenal pasti apakah bingkai media tentang sesuatu isu tidak mengambil kira bingkai sosial di dalam membuat pengukuran kerana beranggapan bahawa bingkai tersebut ialah binaan media. Oleh yang demikian, kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengenal pasti kelompangan dalam kaedah analisis sama ada kaedah analisis mengambil kira bingkai sosial untuk membuat pengukuran terhadap bingkai media atau elemen bingkai sosial telah diabaikan. Justeru, sorotan literatur dari tahun 2009 hingga 2019 akan di sintesis secara sistematik menggunakan ATLAS.ti untuk mendapatkan pola kaedah analisis yang digunakan dalam kajian pembinaan bingkai media ini dalam mengenal pasti bingkai media. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa pola kaedah analisis yang digunakan untuk mengenal pasti bingkai media jelas tidak mengambil kira bingkai sosial dalam membuat pengukuran. Kata kunci: Tinjauan tematik, kaedah analisis, pembinaan bingkai, pembingkaian media, ATLAS.ti, lompang ilmu ABSTRACT Media frame building research is a research that aimed to identify what frame is build by the media in reporting an issue and what factors that influence the media to frame that way. However, the development on the framing concept had stated that the frame about this world is build through few processes including personal experience, interpersonal communication and strengthened by social process. This concept clearly indicates that the frame about this world is social construction rather than media construction as the media function is merely to reflect the social frame about this world. The confusion towards this concept has made the method of analysis neglects the element of social frame as a measurement to identify the media frame. Therefore, this research aims to identify the gaps in the method of analysis by examining whether the social frame is used in measuring the media frame. As such, thematic review by using ATLAS.ti software will be conducted by collecting articles in relation to media frame

Akademika, 2020

Career readiness among university students including careerplanning, choosing and making career d... more Career readiness among university students including careerplanning, choosing and making career decisions. This study aims to identify the career self-efficacy among first-degree students and to measure the differences between education field clusters and gender. This study uses survey design to identify the student’s career self-efficacy pattern. 1391 first-degree students involved as sample in this study. Instrument used in this study is Career Decision Self-Efficacy (CDSE-SF). Data was analysed descriptively, t-test and one-way ANOVA. Results found that career self-efficacy level was low (1.5%), moderate (37.1%) and high (61.4%). One-way ANOVA analysis shows that there are no significant differences between science and technology, health and medical science, and social science [F (2.1388) = 2.81, p > .05]. While t-test found that there are no significant differences between gender [t = -1.539, p > .05]. This study implies that first-degree students that have low and moderat...

The study has examined the similarities and differences in the coverage of two Palestinian news a... more The study has examined the similarities and differences in the coverage of two Palestinian news agencies Ma’an and Palestinian Information Center (PIC) on the reactions of Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas’s regarding relocating the US embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. The study has also aimed to explore the use of four function of framing by Entman 1993 in the news stories of both agencies. Qualitative content analysis has been adopted to achieve the aim of this study. The total sampling number was 9 news stories; 3 stories have been retrieved from Ma’an, and the other 6 have been retrieved from PIC. The time frame has started from December 5, 2017 which marked the day of informing Abbas by Trump’s decision to move the Embassy until December 22 2017 which was a day after gaining a sweeping victory in UN by president Abbas through a resolution that rejected the decision. Both of the news agencies were supportive to President Abbas in their coverage and none of them has any negat...

Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication, 2018

Radio adalah medium yang sangat penting untuk menyampaikan isu pembangunan bagi negara seluas Ind... more Radio adalah medium yang sangat penting untuk menyampaikan isu pembangunan bagi negara seluas Indonesia. Sejak kemerdekaan Indonesia, radio kerajaan telah terlibat dalam menyampaikan pelbagai perkara pembangunan negara. Pakar-pakar politik Indonesia dilihat proaktif untuk penyertaan mereka dalam program siaran interaktif di Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI) dan Elshinta, menerusi siaran dua hala ini mereka dapat berkomunikasi dengan orang Indonesia. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk memahami bagaimana pakar Parlimen Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) menggunakan penyiaran interaktif untuk memberikan impak kepada matlamat pembangunan komuniti dan negara. Berdasarkan kepada interaksi antara penyiar, anggota Parlimen dan pemanggil, kami menganalisis kandungan-kandungan pada transkripsi rakaman program penyiaran termasuk transkripsi hasil yang sangat tertanam dengan Parlimen yang dipilih. Analisis koding menunjukkan bahawa pakar Parlimen menggunakan dua elemen yang paling berkuasa, iaitu interaksi dan penguasaan sebagai strategi komunikatif yang bertujuan untuk memupuk ruang letak interaktif dan koheren. Selain itu, peranan pengampang dalam siaran interaktif dalam setiap set radio juga menjadikan pakar Parlimen di Dewan Perwakilan untuk menjadi profesional dalam menyatakan pendapat mengenai isu-isu semasa, terutamanya mengenai publisiti awam. Kesimpulannya, strategi komunikasi yang mantap akan memberi kebaikan kepada masyarakat dan negara namun, untuk menyiarkan program siaran radio interaktif, ia menjadi ruang dan peluang bagi pakar parlimen untuk menyampaikan pandangan peribadi mereka.

Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication, 2017

It is opined that the mass media forces attention on certain issues by constantly projecting them... more It is opined that the mass media forces attention on certain issues by constantly projecting them and suggesting its audiences to think about them. This article attempts to focus on the Agenda Setting function of English news media in Malaysia during the 13 th GE13 employing quantitative content analysis. Two English newspapers were analyzed, namely The Star and New Straits Times with 1362 news items identified. In order to gauge the public agenda, quantitative survey were done three times in the months of February, March and April 2013 respectively leading up to the election on 5th of May, 2013. The study found out that the agenda setting function of the English newspapers is important in transferring issue salience and issue attributes to their audiences. Individuals who highly rely on news from the media shall be likely influenced by the Agenda Setting effect of the media. There was no significant relationship between the English newspapers and the public agenda of the main ethnic groups in Malaysia. Hence, the public agenda of the Malays, Chinese and Indians have no significant relationship with the English Newspapers. Future studies could employ a qualitative approach in order to find answers to the reasons for lack of relationship between the English newspapers and ethnic public agenda.

Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication, 2017

National integration is an ongoing process in Malaysia since independence. Media are found to pla... more National integration is an ongoing process in Malaysia since independence. Media are found to play an important role to enhance the process, especially in disseminating government policies. After independence, the biggest task entrusted to the government of Malaysia was to integrate the different races together without taking away the ethnic identity of the races. The integration process reached a breaking and turning point during the incident of May 13, 1969 the bloody riot caused by racial tension. The government became more diligent and the media became one of the machinery by which the government continued to work on nation building and the integration of different races. One policy was implemented after another, from National Cultural Policy; New Economic Policy and the Rukun Negara. Revamp of education policies and the setting up of National Unity Department in the Ministry of National Unity And Social Development was some of the major milestones in national integration. This conceptual paper is a reflection of the past policies and emulation of the present 1Malaysia roadmap for national integration. It started out by defining the different means by which national integration can be achieved such as through the process of assimilation, integration and pluralism. It then took steps back by reflecting on old national integration policies and the prominent role of the media in it over the years. The paper also reflects on the recent 1Malaysia roadmap, press freedom in Malaysia and how it affects the national integration process.

Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication, 2016

Blog began to attract people in Malaysia in 1998 when bloggers actively wrote about political mat... more Blog began to attract people in Malaysia in 1998 when bloggers actively wrote about political matters and current issues. Blogs have then become an influential medium of news reporting after the mass community rejects mainstream media which often shows favoritism to the government party. This paper examines how a generic frames used by the bloggers in Malaysia pre and post 13 th General Election (GE). A comparison on two groups of blog is made which involved Pro-Barisan Nasional (BN) and Pro-Pakatan Rakyat (PR) to see the differences in the use of frames by the bloggers. Five generic frames with 20 attributes statement by Semetko & Valkenburg has been adapted in this study. Quantitative content analysis approach was used and the results showed that conflict frame and responsibility frame are at a relatively high level use while the human interest frame, morality frame and economic consequences frame are at the low level of use. However, there are some differences in terms of the use of frames by both groups of blogger even at different political views. The results of the study clearly show that both groups of bloggers have emphasized more conflict frames in all the issues debated.

Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication, 2014

Issues related to the Malay world (Indonesia and Malaysia) and across the border in the context o... more Issues related to the Malay world (Indonesia and Malaysia) and across the border in the context of political, economic and trade had been discussed and explored many times over. However, the national and regional human security issues within the Malay culture have been neglected. It received no or little coverage from the media. Thus, this research looked at the Indonesia-Malaysia political discourse in maintaining political stability within the Malay Archipelago. It will use document analysis to understand the role of the Indonesia-Malaysia political communication in maintaining the security of the Malay Archipelago by using the Lahad Datu issue as a case study. The study found that the political communication between Indonesia and Malaysia is vibrant. The style of political communication used was of mutual understanding of their respective roles, with less focus on sensationalism and more emphasis on conflict prevention.

Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication, 2019

Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication, 2018

National unity is pertinent to the stability and progress of a country. For multi-ethnic nations ... more National unity is pertinent to the stability and progress of a country. For multi-ethnic nations such as Malaysia, diversity is perceived as a challenge to national unity. Extant literature shows that the different ethnic groups in Malaysia have expressed different ideals on inter-ethnic unity and differ in their ideas on how it may be achieved. To what extent do these differences exist? The purpose of this research was to investigate the perceptions of inter-ethnic unity in Malaysia among the three main ethnic groups. A survey measuring perceptions on the issue of inter-ethnic unity was distributed among 575 university students at four different institutions of higher learning in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. The results show that the different ethnic groups held similar problem perceptions in terms of problem recognition, involvement, constraint recognition, and did not differ significantly in terms of their social position on the problem. There were however, significant differences between the Chinese and Malay/Bumiputeras, as well as between the Chinese and Indians when it came to perceived level of knowledge and experience about the problem. The findings indicate that different ethnic groups may be differently equipped to handle the issue of inter-ethnic unity in Malaysia. Communication and policy efforts to build an integrated nation would benefit from taking these differences into consideration to ensure effective implementation.

Kajian ini cuba memahami fungsi, kesan dan cabaran pengawalan media dengan menumpukan kepada bada... more Kajian ini cuba memahami fungsi, kesan dan cabaran pengawalan media dengan menumpukan kepada badan-badan pengawalseliaan di Malaysia dan Indonesia. Untuk tujuan ini, pengawal selia media Malaysia dari Kementerian Dalam Negeri iaitu Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia (MCMC) dan Forum Kandungan Komunikasi dan Multimedia (CMCF), serta badan-badan di Indonesia iaitu Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia (KPI) dan Dewan Pers telah dipilih untuk memberikan maklumat berkenaan pengawalan siaran media menerusi temubual mendalam yang dijalankan pengkaji. Secara umumnya, kajian ini telah menunjukkan bahawa isu-isu yang berkaitan dengan tadbir urus media dan amalan peraturan yang tidak eksklusif tetapi saling berkongsi antara kedua-dua negara. Secara perbandingan, pengkaji telah mengenal pasti tiga bidang utama yang penting dalam wacana tadbir urus dan peraturan di Malaysia dan Indonesia. Pertama ialah modus operandi. Di kedua-dua negara, pemantauan dan pengawalseliaan dasar dan undang-undang ...

Religions

In this article, two great world religions, Islam and Buddhism, are compared. The purpose is to h... more In this article, two great world religions, Islam and Buddhism, are compared. The purpose is to highlight similarities and differences between the two religions. Additionally, this article aims to project elements and teachings that are deemed important by their followers. A neutral stance on their beliefs is especially important in a multicultural society. The study was conducted to promote the harmony and betterment of Malaysian society, and the nation at large; a value process of understanding of each religion is recommended, which can then lead to acceptance, respect and tolerance among the population, and form the basis for developing a paradigmatic Malaysian society that has unity in diversity. This study adopted document analysis as the research method for data collection and data analysis. The conclusions drawn are that, although the two religions appear rather different in terms of principles and practices, the core values of avoiding evil and doing good are similar. In add...

Kebolehpasaran seringkali dikaitkan dengan kejayaan graduan dalam mendapatkan pekerjaan. Setelah ... more Kebolehpasaran seringkali dikaitkan dengan kejayaan graduan dalam mendapatkan pekerjaan. Setelah berhempas pulas menimba ilmu di universiti, pastinya pencapaian akademik yang diukur selama ini iaitu membolos kan diri dalam dunia pekerjaan menjadi teraju utama kejayaan seseorang graduan. Dengan mengambil pandangan daripada perspektif komunikasi, kajian ini diilhamkan untuk mengenalpasti cara graduan bertindak balas dengan masalah yang dialami. Kajian ini juga bertujuan memberikan pemahaman tentang fenomena sosial yang berkaitan dengan perkembangan tingkah laku graduan yang mana diklasifikasikan sebagai publik dan boleh disegmentasikan kepada empat jenis publik iaitu Bukan Publik, Publik Pendam, Publik Sedar dan Publik Aktif mengikut konteks perhubungan awam. Seramai 787 responden terdiri daripada graduan UKM tahun 2014 telah memberi maklum balas terhadap bancian dalam talian yang dilakukan. Hujahan kepada Teori Situasi dalam Penyelesaian Masalah (STOPS) diuji untuk meneroka tindak ba...

The Innovation Journal, 2011

The importance of media as image carriers has been discussed widely as their role has become more... more The importance of media as image carriers has been discussed widely as their role has become more pronounced amidst controversies during the incidents of war and armed conflict. The media have the potential to portray individuals, groups of individuals or nations in a negative or positive light, or in whatever manner they wish. As Walter Lippmann (1922) said, we cannot deny that our opinions are formed in part by gathering pieces of information that have been reported through the mass media and comparing them with the images of events or people, which already have been stored in our mind; hence, negative portrayals may conjure negative perceptions in our minds without actual knowledge of those we are being led to condemn. This paper argues that there is evidence that, in an increasingly global communication environment, Malaysian media, especially the mainstream media, are dependent on both local and international news agencies for news coverage especially on the Superpowers. To wha...

The importance of the mass media as carriers of information especially in time of crisis, for ins... more The importance of the mass media as carriers of information especially in time of crisis, for instance war and outbreak of disease, in an epidemic or pandemic, have been discussed widely. During a crisis situation, the mass media especially the newspapers, due to their inexpensiveness and accessibility, become an important vehicle that is being sought by people to get an in-depth coverage and updates on the latest information and advice pertaining to the crisis. Since its outbreak in April 2009, H1N1 or commonly known as swine flu has become a global concern, especially among the Asian countries where medical research, facilities and medication for this disease are scarce. Like HIV/AIDS, H1N1 has become a pandemic and has been reported to reach level 6 in terms of seriousness by WHO on 11 June 2009. Using the newspapers to change the behavior of the people to adopt to the standard health procedure in order to minimize the spread of the disease has been the general practice of health...

Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication

Mediatization and Culture: Korean Wave and Malaysia’s Gen Z Fan in the Global Pandemic Covid-19 A... more Mediatization and Culture: Korean Wave and Malaysia’s Gen Z Fan in the Global Pandemic Covid-19 ABSTRACT Korean Wave is a global phenomenon that has made social media a major platform for promoting cultural products. Having fans from all over the world demonstrates its suitability to be a subject of study in the process of how the development of media technology has transformed people's lives. This article aims to explore the process of mediatization in society. This study seeks to explore how media technology plays a role in changing the culture of every day. Looking at the Korean wave, the researcher sought to understand the relationship between fans among gen Z and the phenomenon. This study is a qualitative research, using nethnography as a data collection technique. Samples were selected based on predefined criteria and then used Nvivo12 software to analyse the findings. The researcher further refined this study by focusing on the duration of movement control order only. Th...

Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication

Kemahiran insaniah (soft skills) merupakan kemahiran yang perlu dikuasai oleh pelajar supaya mamp... more Kemahiran insaniah (soft skills) merupakan kemahiran yang perlu dikuasai oleh pelajar supaya mampu berdaya saing dalam mendapatkan pekerjaan selepas tamat pengajian. Institusi pengajian tinggi atau universiti memainkan peranan yang penting dalam membantu dan membentuk sahsiah pelajar agar mereka mampu menguasai set kemahiran yang diperlukan dalam alam pekerjaan. Tidak dinafikan juga penguasaan kemahiran insaniah graduan berkait dengan isu kebolehpasaran graduan yang sering dibangkitkan. Dengan mengambil pandangan dari perspektif komunikasi, kajian ini dijalankan untuk memahami cara graduan bertindak balas terhadap isu penguasaan kemahiran insaniah berpandukan teori STOPS. Sebanyak 415 responden yang terdiri daripada graduan prasiswazah UKM tahun 2018 telah memberikan maklum balas terhadap survei yang diedarkan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Model Persamaan Struktural (SEM) dibantu perisian IBM-SPSS versi 21 dan IBM-SPSS-AMOS. Lima hipotesis yang dicadangkan telah disokong oleh dapatan kajian. Hasil kajian mendapati model pengukuran STOPS mencapai indeks kesepadanan yang baik berdasarkan nilai indeks yang dicadangkan. Nilai koefisien penentuan R 2 bagi pemboleh ubah perseptual ( antecedent ) iaitu pengenalpastian masalah, pengenalpastian kekangan, dan pengenalpastian penglibatan terhadap motivasi situasi dalam penyelesaian masalah adalah .52 yang mana ia menunjukkan hubungan sederhana kuat antara pemboleh ubah. Manakala nilai R 2 bagi pemboleh ubah kriteria rujukan dan motivasi terhadap tingkah laku komunikasi (CAPS) adalah .61 yang juga menunjukkan hubungan sederhana kuat. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, institusi pengajian tinggi harus memberi pendedahan yang lebih komprehensif terhadap isu penguasaan kemahiran insaniah supaya meningkatkan kebolehan pelajar dalam pengenalpastian masalah, kekangan dan penglibatan yang mampu menyumbang kepada peningkatan motivasi dalam penyelesaian masalah. Kata kunci: Kemahiran insaniah, graduan, STOPS, SEM, situasi.

Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication

Isu kebolehpasaran graduan mula dibangkitkan ekoran dari peningkatan kadar pengangguran di kalang... more Isu kebolehpasaran graduan mula dibangkitkan ekoran dari peningkatan kadar pengangguran di kalangan graduan tempatan kebelakangan ini. Masalah peningkatan kadar pengangguran di kalangan graduan di Malaysia tahun demi tahun bukan sahaja telah merugikan graduan, keluarga dan institusi pendidikan, malah ia boleh melumpuhkan ekonomi negara kerana modal insan ini tidak dapat diketengahkan dengan jayanya untuk membangunkan negara. Dengan mengambil pandangan daripada perspektif komunikasi, kajian ini diilhamkan untuk mengenal pasti cara graduan bertindak balas dengan masalah kebolehpasaran. Seramai 787 responden terdiri daripada graduan UKM tahun 2014 telah memberi maklum balas terhadap banci dalam talian yang dilakukan. Hujahan kepada Teori Situasi dalam Penyelesaian Masalah (STOPS) diuji untuk meneroka tindak balas graduan terhadap isu ini. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Model Persamaan Struktur (SEM). Lima hipotesis yang diuji telah disokong. Analisis mendapati bahawa pemboleh ubah antecedent situasi (pengenalpastian masalah, pengenalpastian kekangan dan pengenalpastian penglibatan) menjelaskan 65 peratus daripada keseluruhan sebab yang mungkin bagi graduan untuk mahu berhenti dan berfikir tentang cara untuk menyelesaikan masalah situasi yang berlaku itu. Selanjutnya, motivasi dalam situasi penyelesaian masalah dan kriteria rujukan pula menjelaskan 52 peratus daripada varians dalam Tingkah laku Komunikasi dalam Penyelesaian Masalah (CAPS). Perbincangan yang kritis mengenai penyelesaian masalah mampu memberi beberapa kesimpulan penting berkaitan perkara yang diperbincangkan. Pengamal perhubungan awam dan komunikasi sewajarnya mengembangkan pelbagai langkah penyelesaian kepada pihak organisasi supaya menggalakkan penggunaan kognitif dalam penyelesaian masalah. Hal ini penting dipraktikkan agar setiap aktiviti yang dilakukan memberi impak positif dan berkesan.

This is a study on the growth of public relations in Malaysia based on the advertisements placed ... more This is a study on the growth of public relations in Malaysia based on the advertisements placed in the newspapers during the colonial period. Tracing the historical development serves to make a better understanding about the nature of public relations practice. This paper therefore aims at exploring the development of the public relations profession by studying the advertisements placed in the nationwide newspapers, the Straits Times and the Singapore Free Press & Mercantile Advertiser from 1939 which included the early advertisement that contained the phrase “public relations” to 1956 a year before the independence of the Federation of Malaysia. An analysis of the advertisements was made to fully understand the historical development of public relations in Malaya or then Malaysia. The very first advertisement that was identified was on 31 January 1948, which was placed by the Department of Public Relations of the federal government. The British colonial government had placed another four advertisements in 1949 and 1950. A British mining Co. was the first corporation to hire an information & public relations officer in 1956. The results showed some differences and similarities through the analyses of advertisements in the job specification, which included qualification, duties, and salaries. The results revealed that those who had higher education and experience obtained a higher salary. The results also showed that some advertisers companies/organizations had substituted academic qualifications for working experience) when advertising for their public relations personnel.

National integration is an ongoing process in Malaysia since independence. Media are found to pla... more National integration is an ongoing process in Malaysia since independence. Media are found to play an important role to enhance the process, especially in disseminating government policies. After independence, the biggest task entrusted to the government of Malaysia was to integrate the different races together without taking away the ethnic identity of the races. The integration process reached a breaking and turning point during the incident of May 13, 1969 the bloody riot caused by racial tension. The government became more diligent and the media became one of the machinery by which the government continued to work on nation building and the integration of different races. One policy was implemented after another, from National Cultural Policy; New Economic Policy and the Rukun Negara. Revamp of education policies and the setting up of National Unity Department in the Ministry Of National Unity And Social Development was some of the major milestones in national integration. This ...

e-Bangi, Nov 14, 2020

Kajian pembinaan bingkai media merupakan sebuah kajian yang dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti apaka... more Kajian pembinaan bingkai media merupakan sebuah kajian yang dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti apakah bingkai yang dibina oleh media tentang sesuatu isu dan faktor yang mempengaruhi media membina bingkai sebegitu. Walau bagaimanapun, perkembangan asas konsep bingkai menyatakan bahawa bingkai dunia ini terbina melalui beberapa proses yang bermula dengan pengalaman individu, dikembangkan oleh komunikasi interpersonal dan dikukuhkan dengan persetujuan sosial. Maka, adalah jelas bahawa bingkai dunia yang merupakan binaan sosial dan bukan pula binaan media tetapi media hanya berperanan merefleksi semula bingkai sosial ini untuk dikongsi dengan masyarakat yang lain. Kekeliruan konsep bingkai ini telah menjadikan kaedah analisis yang digunakan untuk mengenal pasti apakah bingkai media tentang sesuatu isu tidak mengambil kira bingkai sosial di dalam membuat pengukuran kerana beranggapan bahawa bingkai tersebut ialah binaan media. Oleh yang demikian, kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengenal pasti kelompangan dalam kaedah analisis sama ada kaedah analisis mengambil kira bingkai sosial untuk membuat pengukuran terhadap bingkai media atau elemen bingkai sosial telah diabaikan. Justeru, sorotan literatur dari tahun 2009 hingga 2019 akan di sintesis secara sistematik menggunakan ATLAS.ti untuk mendapatkan pola kaedah analisis yang digunakan dalam kajian pembinaan bingkai media ini dalam mengenal pasti bingkai media. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa pola kaedah analisis yang digunakan untuk mengenal pasti bingkai media jelas tidak mengambil kira bingkai sosial dalam membuat pengukuran. Kata kunci: Tinjauan tematik, kaedah analisis, pembinaan bingkai, pembingkaian media, ATLAS.ti, lompang ilmu ABSTRACT Media frame building research is a research that aimed to identify what frame is build by the media in reporting an issue and what factors that influence the media to frame that way. However, the development on the framing concept had stated that the frame about this world is build through few processes including personal experience, interpersonal communication and strengthened by social process. This concept clearly indicates that the frame about this world is social construction rather than media construction as the media function is merely to reflect the social frame about this world. The confusion towards this concept has made the method of analysis neglects the element of social frame as a measurement to identify the media frame. Therefore, this research aims to identify the gaps in the method of analysis by examining whether the social frame is used in measuring the media frame. As such, thematic review by using ATLAS.ti software will be conducted by collecting articles in relation to media frame

Akademika, 2020

Career readiness among university students including careerplanning, choosing and making career d... more Career readiness among university students including careerplanning, choosing and making career decisions. This study aims to identify the career self-efficacy among first-degree students and to measure the differences between education field clusters and gender. This study uses survey design to identify the student’s career self-efficacy pattern. 1391 first-degree students involved as sample in this study. Instrument used in this study is Career Decision Self-Efficacy (CDSE-SF). Data was analysed descriptively, t-test and one-way ANOVA. Results found that career self-efficacy level was low (1.5%), moderate (37.1%) and high (61.4%). One-way ANOVA analysis shows that there are no significant differences between science and technology, health and medical science, and social science [F (2.1388) = 2.81, p > .05]. While t-test found that there are no significant differences between gender [t = -1.539, p > .05]. This study implies that first-degree students that have low and moderat...

The study has examined the similarities and differences in the coverage of two Palestinian news a... more The study has examined the similarities and differences in the coverage of two Palestinian news agencies Ma’an and Palestinian Information Center (PIC) on the reactions of Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas’s regarding relocating the US embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. The study has also aimed to explore the use of four function of framing by Entman 1993 in the news stories of both agencies. Qualitative content analysis has been adopted to achieve the aim of this study. The total sampling number was 9 news stories; 3 stories have been retrieved from Ma’an, and the other 6 have been retrieved from PIC. The time frame has started from December 5, 2017 which marked the day of informing Abbas by Trump’s decision to move the Embassy until December 22 2017 which was a day after gaining a sweeping victory in UN by president Abbas through a resolution that rejected the decision. Both of the news agencies were supportive to President Abbas in their coverage and none of them has any negat...

Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication, 2018

Radio adalah medium yang sangat penting untuk menyampaikan isu pembangunan bagi negara seluas Ind... more Radio adalah medium yang sangat penting untuk menyampaikan isu pembangunan bagi negara seluas Indonesia. Sejak kemerdekaan Indonesia, radio kerajaan telah terlibat dalam menyampaikan pelbagai perkara pembangunan negara. Pakar-pakar politik Indonesia dilihat proaktif untuk penyertaan mereka dalam program siaran interaktif di Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI) dan Elshinta, menerusi siaran dua hala ini mereka dapat berkomunikasi dengan orang Indonesia. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk memahami bagaimana pakar Parlimen Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) menggunakan penyiaran interaktif untuk memberikan impak kepada matlamat pembangunan komuniti dan negara. Berdasarkan kepada interaksi antara penyiar, anggota Parlimen dan pemanggil, kami menganalisis kandungan-kandungan pada transkripsi rakaman program penyiaran termasuk transkripsi hasil yang sangat tertanam dengan Parlimen yang dipilih. Analisis koding menunjukkan bahawa pakar Parlimen menggunakan dua elemen yang paling berkuasa, iaitu interaksi dan penguasaan sebagai strategi komunikatif yang bertujuan untuk memupuk ruang letak interaktif dan koheren. Selain itu, peranan pengampang dalam siaran interaktif dalam setiap set radio juga menjadikan pakar Parlimen di Dewan Perwakilan untuk menjadi profesional dalam menyatakan pendapat mengenai isu-isu semasa, terutamanya mengenai publisiti awam. Kesimpulannya, strategi komunikasi yang mantap akan memberi kebaikan kepada masyarakat dan negara namun, untuk menyiarkan program siaran radio interaktif, ia menjadi ruang dan peluang bagi pakar parlimen untuk menyampaikan pandangan peribadi mereka.

Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication, 2017

It is opined that the mass media forces attention on certain issues by constantly projecting them... more It is opined that the mass media forces attention on certain issues by constantly projecting them and suggesting its audiences to think about them. This article attempts to focus on the Agenda Setting function of English news media in Malaysia during the 13 th GE13 employing quantitative content analysis. Two English newspapers were analyzed, namely The Star and New Straits Times with 1362 news items identified. In order to gauge the public agenda, quantitative survey were done three times in the months of February, March and April 2013 respectively leading up to the election on 5th of May, 2013. The study found out that the agenda setting function of the English newspapers is important in transferring issue salience and issue attributes to their audiences. Individuals who highly rely on news from the media shall be likely influenced by the Agenda Setting effect of the media. There was no significant relationship between the English newspapers and the public agenda of the main ethnic groups in Malaysia. Hence, the public agenda of the Malays, Chinese and Indians have no significant relationship with the English Newspapers. Future studies could employ a qualitative approach in order to find answers to the reasons for lack of relationship between the English newspapers and ethnic public agenda.

Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication, 2017

National integration is an ongoing process in Malaysia since independence. Media are found to pla... more National integration is an ongoing process in Malaysia since independence. Media are found to play an important role to enhance the process, especially in disseminating government policies. After independence, the biggest task entrusted to the government of Malaysia was to integrate the different races together without taking away the ethnic identity of the races. The integration process reached a breaking and turning point during the incident of May 13, 1969 the bloody riot caused by racial tension. The government became more diligent and the media became one of the machinery by which the government continued to work on nation building and the integration of different races. One policy was implemented after another, from National Cultural Policy; New Economic Policy and the Rukun Negara. Revamp of education policies and the setting up of National Unity Department in the Ministry of National Unity And Social Development was some of the major milestones in national integration. This conceptual paper is a reflection of the past policies and emulation of the present 1Malaysia roadmap for national integration. It started out by defining the different means by which national integration can be achieved such as through the process of assimilation, integration and pluralism. It then took steps back by reflecting on old national integration policies and the prominent role of the media in it over the years. The paper also reflects on the recent 1Malaysia roadmap, press freedom in Malaysia and how it affects the national integration process.

Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication, 2016

Blog began to attract people in Malaysia in 1998 when bloggers actively wrote about political mat... more Blog began to attract people in Malaysia in 1998 when bloggers actively wrote about political matters and current issues. Blogs have then become an influential medium of news reporting after the mass community rejects mainstream media which often shows favoritism to the government party. This paper examines how a generic frames used by the bloggers in Malaysia pre and post 13 th General Election (GE). A comparison on two groups of blog is made which involved Pro-Barisan Nasional (BN) and Pro-Pakatan Rakyat (PR) to see the differences in the use of frames by the bloggers. Five generic frames with 20 attributes statement by Semetko & Valkenburg has been adapted in this study. Quantitative content analysis approach was used and the results showed that conflict frame and responsibility frame are at a relatively high level use while the human interest frame, morality frame and economic consequences frame are at the low level of use. However, there are some differences in terms of the use of frames by both groups of blogger even at different political views. The results of the study clearly show that both groups of bloggers have emphasized more conflict frames in all the issues debated.

Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication, 2014

Issues related to the Malay world (Indonesia and Malaysia) and across the border in the context o... more Issues related to the Malay world (Indonesia and Malaysia) and across the border in the context of political, economic and trade had been discussed and explored many times over. However, the national and regional human security issues within the Malay culture have been neglected. It received no or little coverage from the media. Thus, this research looked at the Indonesia-Malaysia political discourse in maintaining political stability within the Malay Archipelago. It will use document analysis to understand the role of the Indonesia-Malaysia political communication in maintaining the security of the Malay Archipelago by using the Lahad Datu issue as a case study. The study found that the political communication between Indonesia and Malaysia is vibrant. The style of political communication used was of mutual understanding of their respective roles, with less focus on sensationalism and more emphasis on conflict prevention.

Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication, 2019

Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication, 2018

National unity is pertinent to the stability and progress of a country. For multi-ethnic nations ... more National unity is pertinent to the stability and progress of a country. For multi-ethnic nations such as Malaysia, diversity is perceived as a challenge to national unity. Extant literature shows that the different ethnic groups in Malaysia have expressed different ideals on inter-ethnic unity and differ in their ideas on how it may be achieved. To what extent do these differences exist? The purpose of this research was to investigate the perceptions of inter-ethnic unity in Malaysia among the three main ethnic groups. A survey measuring perceptions on the issue of inter-ethnic unity was distributed among 575 university students at four different institutions of higher learning in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. The results show that the different ethnic groups held similar problem perceptions in terms of problem recognition, involvement, constraint recognition, and did not differ significantly in terms of their social position on the problem. There were however, significant differences between the Chinese and Malay/Bumiputeras, as well as between the Chinese and Indians when it came to perceived level of knowledge and experience about the problem. The findings indicate that different ethnic groups may be differently equipped to handle the issue of inter-ethnic unity in Malaysia. Communication and policy efforts to build an integrated nation would benefit from taking these differences into consideration to ensure effective implementation.

Kajian ini cuba memahami fungsi, kesan dan cabaran pengawalan media dengan menumpukan kepada bada... more Kajian ini cuba memahami fungsi, kesan dan cabaran pengawalan media dengan menumpukan kepada badan-badan pengawalseliaan di Malaysia dan Indonesia. Untuk tujuan ini, pengawal selia media Malaysia dari Kementerian Dalam Negeri iaitu Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia (MCMC) dan Forum Kandungan Komunikasi dan Multimedia (CMCF), serta badan-badan di Indonesia iaitu Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia (KPI) dan Dewan Pers telah dipilih untuk memberikan maklumat berkenaan pengawalan siaran media menerusi temubual mendalam yang dijalankan pengkaji. Secara umumnya, kajian ini telah menunjukkan bahawa isu-isu yang berkaitan dengan tadbir urus media dan amalan peraturan yang tidak eksklusif tetapi saling berkongsi antara kedua-dua negara. Secara perbandingan, pengkaji telah mengenal pasti tiga bidang utama yang penting dalam wacana tadbir urus dan peraturan di Malaysia dan Indonesia. Pertama ialah modus operandi. Di kedua-dua negara, pemantauan dan pengawalseliaan dasar dan undang-undang ...

Religions

In this article, two great world religions, Islam and Buddhism, are compared. The purpose is to h... more In this article, two great world religions, Islam and Buddhism, are compared. The purpose is to highlight similarities and differences between the two religions. Additionally, this article aims to project elements and teachings that are deemed important by their followers. A neutral stance on their beliefs is especially important in a multicultural society. The study was conducted to promote the harmony and betterment of Malaysian society, and the nation at large; a value process of understanding of each religion is recommended, which can then lead to acceptance, respect and tolerance among the population, and form the basis for developing a paradigmatic Malaysian society that has unity in diversity. This study adopted document analysis as the research method for data collection and data analysis. The conclusions drawn are that, although the two religions appear rather different in terms of principles and practices, the core values of avoiding evil and doing good are similar. In add...

Kebolehpasaran seringkali dikaitkan dengan kejayaan graduan dalam mendapatkan pekerjaan. Setelah ... more Kebolehpasaran seringkali dikaitkan dengan kejayaan graduan dalam mendapatkan pekerjaan. Setelah berhempas pulas menimba ilmu di universiti, pastinya pencapaian akademik yang diukur selama ini iaitu membolos kan diri dalam dunia pekerjaan menjadi teraju utama kejayaan seseorang graduan. Dengan mengambil pandangan daripada perspektif komunikasi, kajian ini diilhamkan untuk mengenalpasti cara graduan bertindak balas dengan masalah yang dialami. Kajian ini juga bertujuan memberikan pemahaman tentang fenomena sosial yang berkaitan dengan perkembangan tingkah laku graduan yang mana diklasifikasikan sebagai publik dan boleh disegmentasikan kepada empat jenis publik iaitu Bukan Publik, Publik Pendam, Publik Sedar dan Publik Aktif mengikut konteks perhubungan awam. Seramai 787 responden terdiri daripada graduan UKM tahun 2014 telah memberi maklum balas terhadap bancian dalam talian yang dilakukan. Hujahan kepada Teori Situasi dalam Penyelesaian Masalah (STOPS) diuji untuk meneroka tindak ba...

The Innovation Journal, 2011

The importance of media as image carriers has been discussed widely as their role has become more... more The importance of media as image carriers has been discussed widely as their role has become more pronounced amidst controversies during the incidents of war and armed conflict. The media have the potential to portray individuals, groups of individuals or nations in a negative or positive light, or in whatever manner they wish. As Walter Lippmann (1922) said, we cannot deny that our opinions are formed in part by gathering pieces of information that have been reported through the mass media and comparing them with the images of events or people, which already have been stored in our mind; hence, negative portrayals may conjure negative perceptions in our minds without actual knowledge of those we are being led to condemn. This paper argues that there is evidence that, in an increasingly global communication environment, Malaysian media, especially the mainstream media, are dependent on both local and international news agencies for news coverage especially on the Superpowers. To wha...

The importance of the mass media as carriers of information especially in time of crisis, for ins... more The importance of the mass media as carriers of information especially in time of crisis, for instance war and outbreak of disease, in an epidemic or pandemic, have been discussed widely. During a crisis situation, the mass media especially the newspapers, due to their inexpensiveness and accessibility, become an important vehicle that is being sought by people to get an in-depth coverage and updates on the latest information and advice pertaining to the crisis. Since its outbreak in April 2009, H1N1 or commonly known as swine flu has become a global concern, especially among the Asian countries where medical research, facilities and medication for this disease are scarce. Like HIV/AIDS, H1N1 has become a pandemic and has been reported to reach level 6 in terms of seriousness by WHO on 11 June 2009. Using the newspapers to change the behavior of the people to adopt to the standard health procedure in order to minimize the spread of the disease has been the general practice of health...

Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication

Mediatization and Culture: Korean Wave and Malaysia’s Gen Z Fan in the Global Pandemic Covid-19 A... more Mediatization and Culture: Korean Wave and Malaysia’s Gen Z Fan in the Global Pandemic Covid-19 ABSTRACT Korean Wave is a global phenomenon that has made social media a major platform for promoting cultural products. Having fans from all over the world demonstrates its suitability to be a subject of study in the process of how the development of media technology has transformed people's lives. This article aims to explore the process of mediatization in society. This study seeks to explore how media technology plays a role in changing the culture of every day. Looking at the Korean wave, the researcher sought to understand the relationship between fans among gen Z and the phenomenon. This study is a qualitative research, using nethnography as a data collection technique. Samples were selected based on predefined criteria and then used Nvivo12 software to analyse the findings. The researcher further refined this study by focusing on the duration of movement control order only. Th...

Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication

Kemahiran insaniah (soft skills) merupakan kemahiran yang perlu dikuasai oleh pelajar supaya mamp... more Kemahiran insaniah (soft skills) merupakan kemahiran yang perlu dikuasai oleh pelajar supaya mampu berdaya saing dalam mendapatkan pekerjaan selepas tamat pengajian. Institusi pengajian tinggi atau universiti memainkan peranan yang penting dalam membantu dan membentuk sahsiah pelajar agar mereka mampu menguasai set kemahiran yang diperlukan dalam alam pekerjaan. Tidak dinafikan juga penguasaan kemahiran insaniah graduan berkait dengan isu kebolehpasaran graduan yang sering dibangkitkan. Dengan mengambil pandangan dari perspektif komunikasi, kajian ini dijalankan untuk memahami cara graduan bertindak balas terhadap isu penguasaan kemahiran insaniah berpandukan teori STOPS. Sebanyak 415 responden yang terdiri daripada graduan prasiswazah UKM tahun 2018 telah memberikan maklum balas terhadap survei yang diedarkan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Model Persamaan Struktural (SEM) dibantu perisian IBM-SPSS versi 21 dan IBM-SPSS-AMOS. Lima hipotesis yang dicadangkan telah disokong oleh dapatan kajian. Hasil kajian mendapati model pengukuran STOPS mencapai indeks kesepadanan yang baik berdasarkan nilai indeks yang dicadangkan. Nilai koefisien penentuan R 2 bagi pemboleh ubah perseptual ( antecedent ) iaitu pengenalpastian masalah, pengenalpastian kekangan, dan pengenalpastian penglibatan terhadap motivasi situasi dalam penyelesaian masalah adalah .52 yang mana ia menunjukkan hubungan sederhana kuat antara pemboleh ubah. Manakala nilai R 2 bagi pemboleh ubah kriteria rujukan dan motivasi terhadap tingkah laku komunikasi (CAPS) adalah .61 yang juga menunjukkan hubungan sederhana kuat. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, institusi pengajian tinggi harus memberi pendedahan yang lebih komprehensif terhadap isu penguasaan kemahiran insaniah supaya meningkatkan kebolehan pelajar dalam pengenalpastian masalah, kekangan dan penglibatan yang mampu menyumbang kepada peningkatan motivasi dalam penyelesaian masalah. Kata kunci: Kemahiran insaniah, graduan, STOPS, SEM, situasi.

Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication

Isu kebolehpasaran graduan mula dibangkitkan ekoran dari peningkatan kadar pengangguran di kalang... more Isu kebolehpasaran graduan mula dibangkitkan ekoran dari peningkatan kadar pengangguran di kalangan graduan tempatan kebelakangan ini. Masalah peningkatan kadar pengangguran di kalangan graduan di Malaysia tahun demi tahun bukan sahaja telah merugikan graduan, keluarga dan institusi pendidikan, malah ia boleh melumpuhkan ekonomi negara kerana modal insan ini tidak dapat diketengahkan dengan jayanya untuk membangunkan negara. Dengan mengambil pandangan daripada perspektif komunikasi, kajian ini diilhamkan untuk mengenal pasti cara graduan bertindak balas dengan masalah kebolehpasaran. Seramai 787 responden terdiri daripada graduan UKM tahun 2014 telah memberi maklum balas terhadap banci dalam talian yang dilakukan. Hujahan kepada Teori Situasi dalam Penyelesaian Masalah (STOPS) diuji untuk meneroka tindak balas graduan terhadap isu ini. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Model Persamaan Struktur (SEM). Lima hipotesis yang diuji telah disokong. Analisis mendapati bahawa pemboleh ubah antecedent situasi (pengenalpastian masalah, pengenalpastian kekangan dan pengenalpastian penglibatan) menjelaskan 65 peratus daripada keseluruhan sebab yang mungkin bagi graduan untuk mahu berhenti dan berfikir tentang cara untuk menyelesaikan masalah situasi yang berlaku itu. Selanjutnya, motivasi dalam situasi penyelesaian masalah dan kriteria rujukan pula menjelaskan 52 peratus daripada varians dalam Tingkah laku Komunikasi dalam Penyelesaian Masalah (CAPS). Perbincangan yang kritis mengenai penyelesaian masalah mampu memberi beberapa kesimpulan penting berkaitan perkara yang diperbincangkan. Pengamal perhubungan awam dan komunikasi sewajarnya mengembangkan pelbagai langkah penyelesaian kepada pihak organisasi supaya menggalakkan penggunaan kognitif dalam penyelesaian masalah. Hal ini penting dipraktikkan agar setiap aktiviti yang dilakukan memberi impak positif dan berkesan.

This is a study on the growth of public relations in Malaysia based on the advertisements placed ... more This is a study on the growth of public relations in Malaysia based on the advertisements placed in the newspapers during the colonial period. Tracing the historical development serves to make a better understanding about the nature of public relations practice. This paper therefore aims at exploring the development of the public relations profession by studying the advertisements placed in the nationwide newspapers, the Straits Times and the Singapore Free Press & Mercantile Advertiser from 1939 which included the early advertisement that contained the phrase “public relations” to 1956 a year before the independence of the Federation of Malaysia. An analysis of the advertisements was made to fully understand the historical development of public relations in Malaya or then Malaysia. The very first advertisement that was identified was on 31 January 1948, which was placed by the Department of Public Relations of the federal government. The British colonial government had placed another four advertisements in 1949 and 1950. A British mining Co. was the first corporation to hire an information & public relations officer in 1956. The results showed some differences and similarities through the analyses of advertisements in the job specification, which included qualification, duties, and salaries. The results revealed that those who had higher education and experience obtained a higher salary. The results also showed that some advertisers companies/organizations had substituted academic qualifications for working experience) when advertising for their public relations personnel.

National integration is an ongoing process in Malaysia since independence. Media are found to pla... more National integration is an ongoing process in Malaysia since independence. Media are found to play an important role to enhance the process, especially in disseminating government policies. After independence, the biggest task entrusted to the government of Malaysia was to integrate the different races together without taking away the ethnic identity of the races. The integration process reached a breaking and turning point during the incident of May 13, 1969 the bloody riot caused by racial tension. The government became more diligent and the media became one of the machinery by which the government continued to work on nation building and the integration of different races. One policy was implemented after another, from National Cultural Policy; New Economic Policy and the Rukun Negara. Revamp of education policies and the setting up of National Unity Department in the Ministry Of National Unity And Social Development was some of the major milestones in national integration. This ...