Christophe Gandonou - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Christophe Gandonou

Research paper thumbnail of Effet de différentes doses de bouse de vache, d’urine humaine et de leur combinaison sur la croissance végétative et le poids des fruits de l’ananas (<i>Ananas comosus (L.)</i> Merr.) au Sud Bénin

Journal of Applied Biosciences, May 16, 2017

Effet de différentes doses de bouse de vache, d'urine humaine et de leur combinaison sur la crois... more Effet de différentes doses de bouse de vache, d'urine humaine et de leur combinaison sur la croissance végétative et le poids des fruits de l'ananas (Ananas comosus (L.

Research paper thumbnail of Response of seven African eggplant (Solanum macrocarpon L.) cultivars produced in Benin to salinity stress at seedling stage

African Journal of Agricultural Research, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Salt resistance strategies of amaranth salt-resistant mutant lines

International Journal of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Improving plant salt tolerance is thus a veritable challenge for breeders as salt stress is one o... more Improving plant salt tolerance is thus a veritable challenge for breeders as salt stress is one of the most important factors that negatively affect plant growth and productivity worldwide. In this study, we evaluated the physiological strategies involved in the salt resistance of three salt resistant mutant lines. Three weeks old plants of the three mutant lines and that of the control cultivar Locale were submitted in pots to three NaCl concentrations (0; 100 and 200 mM) in a completely randomized design with three replications. Plant growth, ions and organic solutes contents were determined after two weeks of treatment. Plant growth reduction under salt stress was earlier and more accentuated in the control cultivar followed by line L2 than the salt resistant lines L18 and L23. The rate of Na+, proline and soluble sugars accumulation; that of K+ and Ca++ absorption and that of K/Na and Ca/Na reduction under salt stress varied greatly according to the population. The salt resistance of line L18 was due to Na+ accumulation in leaves associated to proline and soluble sugars accumulation, the maintenance of high absorption of Ca++, high K/Na and Ca/Na ratios whereas that of line L23 was due to Na+ exclusion from leaves associated to the maintenance of high absorption of high K+ and Ca++, high K/Na and Ca/Na ratios. Line L2 resist to salt stress via proline accumulation and the maintenance of high Ca/Na ratio. Thus, lines developped different salt resistance strategies according to their relative salt resistance level.

Research paper thumbnail of Sugarcane ( <i>Saccharum</i> sp.) salt tolerance at various developmental levels

Research paper thumbnail of Proliferation of the water hyacinth (<i>Eichhornia crassipes</i>) on the river Sô (Sô-Ava) in Bénin

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Feb 8, 2016

Water hyacinth is a plant from America which was imported in Africa as an ornamental plant but be... more Water hyacinth is a plant from America which was imported in Africa as an ornamental plant but because of its proliferation, has become a dangerous aquatic macrophyte. In Benin, it colonizes most courses in continental water. Water hyacinth is present in several areas of the world as an ornamental plant and its infestation can be controlled by several treatments. The objective of this work is to identify them and promote their valuation in order to reduce their dangerousness to the population of aquatic organism as well as their ecosystem. In this regard, a survey was carried out to overcome these problems the people of the town in Sô-Ava and around face every year on the Sô River flows into Lake Nokoue. The coverage of the water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a major problem for people living in those areas where the plants rage. This plant prevents the movement of motorized boats, prevents the penetration of oxygen in water, which greatly reduces the number of organism such as fish fry, crocodiles nest and boas.

Research paper thumbnail of Screening for salinity tolerance of Oryza glaberrima Steud. seedlings

African Journal of Agricultural Research, Mar 22, 2018

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a salt-sensitive species and improvement of salt resistance is a major goa... more Rice (Oryza sativa) is a salt-sensitive species and improvement of salt resistance is a major goal for plant breeders. Some species of Oryza genus may constitute an interesting source of genes involved in stress resistance for cultivated rice improvement. The African rice Oryza glaberrima is poorly described for its response to salt stress. Twenty-five accessions of O. glaberrima were exposed during 2 weeks to 0 or 60 mM NaCl in nutrient solution. Morphological and physiological parameters were recorded and used to perform principal component analysis allowing us to consider three contrasting groups (saltresistant, medium, and salt-sensitive). Most of the tested lines appeared more salt-sensitive than the moderately salt-resistant cultivar I Kong Pao from O. sativa. Salt-sensitivity index was higher for roots than for shoots and O. glaberrima was poorly efficient for regulation of Na + translocation from the root to the shoot. Some accessions such as TOG5307 however were able to maintain a high net photosynthesis under salt conditions and exhibited a high level of tolerance to accumulated Na + ions and a high capacity for osmotic adjustment. It is concluded that these salt-tolerant accessions constitute a promising material for rice improvement through inter-specific crosses with O. sativa.

Research paper thumbnail of Salinity increased vitamins concentration in Amaranthus cruentus leaves

African Journal of Biotechnology, Nov 1, 2017

Salt stress is one of the major environmental constraints limiting agricultural productivity and ... more Salt stress is one of the major environmental constraints limiting agricultural productivity and influencing the concentration of bioactive compounds of vegetables. In this study, the effect of NaCl salt stress on nutrient contents of leaves in a cultivar of amaranth, an important leafy vegetable cultivated in some tropical regions worldwide, was evaluated. The experiment was carried out in a screen house at Center for Agricultural Research of Agonkanmey, Benin Republic as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Three weeks old plants were subjected in pots containing a mixture of potting soil and sand, to three concentrations (0, 30 and 90 mM) of NaCl by irrigation every two days. Nutrient contents in leaves were determined at maturity, after four weeks of stress, using standards methods. Proteins, total sugars, reducing sugars, lipids, potassium, calcium, vitamins C and B3 contents were not significantly affected by NaCl. Iron content increased significantly only at 30 mM NaCl but vitamins A, B1 and B2 contents increased significantly with increase in NaCl concentration. Thus, salt stress did not reduce nutritional values of this amaranth cultivar but improved its leaves nutritional quality by increasing vitamins A, B1 and B2 content.

Research paper thumbnail of Morphological diversities and associated preference traits in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) landraces from central and southern Benin

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Sep 8, 2021

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production in Benin is limited by several biotic and abiotic stresse... more Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production in Benin is limited by several biotic and abiotic stresses. The objectives of this study were to document varietal trait preferences and peanut genetic diversity for breeding programs. A survey in the South and Center of Benin and an agro-morphological characterization was carried out. Results showed that farmers used five criteria, namely yield (seeds and pods), size of seeds, number of seeds per pod, oil content, and quality of the paste for selecting a variety. The clustering based on ten qualitative traits showed a variability structure in three groups based on the leaflets shape, plant habit, and branching pattern. The principal component analysis carried out on the quantitative traits indicated six groups of accessions. The group 3 of the latest analysis is composed of Azii alorga and Kamalo with interesting characteristics and showing a good criteria as seeds size (SDL= 14.62 ± 0.48 mm), and pods size (average pod length and width respectively PoL = 33.70 ± 1.14 mm, Pow = 14.87 ± 0.29 mm). The results should be prioritized for breeding programs to improve the good criteria found in other peanut varieties. It will be helpful for farmers in selecting performant varieties.

Research paper thumbnail of Selection of callus cultures of sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) tolerant to NaCl and their response to salt stress. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult

Stable callus cultures tolerant to NaCl (68 mM) were developed from salt-sensitive sugarcane cult... more Stable callus cultures tolerant to NaCl (68 mM) were developed from salt-sensitive sugarcane cultivar CP65-357 by in vitro selection process. The accumulation of both inorganic (Na + , Cland K +) and organic (proline and soluble sugars) solutes was determined in selected and non-selected calli after a NaCl shock in order to evaluate their implication in in vitro salt tolerance of the selected lines. Both salt-tolerant and non-selected calli showed similar relative fresh weight growth in the absence of NaCl. No growth reduction was observed in salt-tolerant calli while a significant reduction about 32% was observed in nonselected ones when both were cultivated on 68 mM NaCl. Accumulation of Na + was similar in both salt-tolerant and non-selected calli in the presence of NaCl. Accumulation of Clwas lower in NaCl-tolerant than in non-selected calli while proline and soluble sugars were more accumulated in salt-tolerant than in non-selected calli when both were exposed to salt. K + level decreased more severely in non-selected calli than in NaCl-tolerant ones after NaCl shock. The results indicated that K + and Clmay play a key role in in vitro salt-tolerance in sugarcance cell lines obtained by in vitro selection and that organic solutes could contribute mainly to counteract the negative water potential of the outside medium.

Research paper thumbnail of NaCl effect on in vitro sugarcane bud emergency

It is important to determine precisely salt effects on bud germination. In this study, an in vitr... more It is important to determine precisely salt effects on bud germination. In this study, an in vitro procedure was used for studying sugarcane bud germination under NaCl salinity stress with different concentrations (0, 17, 34 and 68 mM) using five cultivars: NCo310, CP70-321, CP65-357, CP66-346 and CP59-73. Germination percentage of control ranged from 75% for variety CP66-346 to 100% for variety CP65-357 after 8 days of culture. Salt stress reduced the rate of germination in all varieties. At the end of the 8th day, salt stress decreased the percentage of final germination at all NaCl concentrations used and for all varieties except variety CP66-346 which showed a stimulation of germination at 34 mM NaCl. However, NaCl stress effects on bud germination of the five varieties used in this study were very low with an average reduction of 9.22; 5.88; 5.71 and 1.04 % in the presence of NaCl, respectively, for NCo310, CP70-321, CP65-357 and CP59-73; a little increase (3.08 %) was observed for CP66-346. Thus, NaCl stress delayed buds germination and globally reduced the percentage of final germination. Varieties CP59-73 and CP66-346 appeared to be more salt tolerant at this stage than the three other varieties.

Research paper thumbnail of Response of African eggplant (Solanum macrocarpon L.) cultivars produced in Benin Republic to salt stress at germination stage

International Journal of Current Research in Biosciences and Plant Biology, Jun 6, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Morphological characterization of Amaranthus cruentusL. mutant lines derived from local and preferred Amaranthus cultivar

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences

Amaranthus species are of underutilized orphan crops grown in tropical and sub-tropical regions o... more Amaranthus species are of underutilized orphan crops grown in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Benin’s most appreciated Amaranthus cruentus L. «local» cultivar is susceptible to saline stress. This study aimed to create genotypes agronomically, at least, as good as the «local» cultivar and useful for further saline tolerance breeding using mutation breeding. The morphological diversity among 19 gamma-irradiated A. cruentus mutant lines and «local» cultivar (control) were investigated, through a randomized complete block design with three replications, using 18 phenotypical traits (12 quantitative and 6 qualitative). The results show that among the six qualitative traits, only terminal inflorescence shape was discriminant. However, permutation analysis of variance revealed significant variability in quantitative traits: leaf width (CV=19%), Branches length (CV=47%), plant height (CV=25%), stem diameter (CV=29%), number of branches (21%) number of leaves (CV=25%). Multi...

Research paper thumbnail of Response of African Basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) to Salt Stress under Tropical Conditions in the Republic of Benin: Growth, Ions and Organic Solutes Accumulation

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science

Aims: This research aims at evaluating the effect of salt stress on plant growth, Na+, K+, prolin... more Aims: This research aims at evaluating the effect of salt stress on plant growth, Na+, K+, proline and soluble sugars contents in leaves and roots of local cultivar of African basil in Republic of Benin. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) having five treatments and three replications. Place and duration of Study: The experiment was carried out in screening house under natural conditions at the Center of Agricultural Research of Agonkanmey, Commune of Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin from January to February, 2020. Methodology: Five salt concentrations (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mM) were used to irrigate three weeks old plants for two weeks. After two weeks, plant growth, sodium (Na) and potassium (K), proline, and soluble sugars contents of leaves and roots were determined. Results: Salt stress induced a significant reduction (p = .05) in shoot growth from 60 mM NaCl but had no impact on the number of leaves and shoot water content. Root gr...

Research paper thumbnail of Screening of Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) Mutant Lines for Salinity Tolerance

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science

Aims: The present study was carried out to access the salt tolerance level of nine amaranth (Amar... more Aims: The present study was carried out to access the salt tolerance level of nine amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) mutant lines selected from Benin cultivar ‘Locale’ at young plants stage in comparison with the cultivar ‘Locale’ used as control. Study Design: The experiment was laid out as a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was carried out in a screening house at University of Abomey-Calavi, City of Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin from May to June, 2020. Methodology: Three-weeks old plants of the nine stable mutant lines and the control cultivar ‘Locale’ were planted in pots containing a mixture of potting soil and sand. NaCl concentrations: 0; 100; 150 and 200 mM were given by irrigation once in two days Plant growth parameters were evaluated after two weeks. Results: Salt effect caused a reduction of young plant growth whatever the growth parameter considered with a significant disparity (p=.001) among the genotypes....

Research paper thumbnail of Réponse des plantes de tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivées sous stress salin à une application exogène de calcium et de potassium

Journal of Applied Biosciences

Objectifs : Le stress salin constitue un des stress environnementaux majeurs qui agit négativemen... more Objectifs : Le stress salin constitue un des stress environnementaux majeurs qui agit négativement sur la croissance des plantes. L’effet positif d’une application exogène de calcium et de potassium a été déterminé sur la croissance des plants de tomate soumis à la salinité. Méthodologie et résultats : Les plants de trois cultivars de tomate ont été exposés à six traitements comprenant le témoin sans NaCl ; 120 mM de NaCl et une combinaison entre 120 mM de NaCl et un apport de 40 mM de CaSO4 ; CaCl2 ; KNO3 ou K2SO4. La croissance des plantes a été déterminée après quinze jours d’exposition. L’application exogène de potassium n’a pas amélioré la croissance des plants stressés tandis que celle du calcium a atténué significativement les effets du NaCl sur les plantes du cultivar sensible Akikon. Aucun effet améliorateur n’a été observé chez les cultivars Tounvi et F1 Mongal. Conclusion et applications des résultats : Seule l’application exogène des deux formes de calcium a atténué les ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect Of Explant Source And Different Medium Culture On Friable Embryogenic Callus Induction Of Four Cultivars Of Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz)

International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, Jun 25, 2016

In order to obtain Friable Embryogenic Callus (FEC) for protoplast isolation, we have evaluated i... more In order to obtain Friable Embryogenic Callus (FEC) for protoplast isolation, we have evaluated in this research the competance for Friable Embryogenic Callus (FEC) of four cassava cultivars M61/033, Rendre, Yalipe and Six-mois in media containing MS supplemented with 8mg/l 2,4-D; MS supplemented with 10 mg/l BAP and GD supplemented with 12mg/l picloram using apical bud (AB) and immature leaves lobes (ILL) as explants. In general, in the medium GD+12mg/l picloram, the highest efficiencies of FEC ranged from 58 % to 87 % and the highest score of FEC ranged from 4.2 to 5.4 with explants AB, however we have observed with explants ILL, the efficiencies of somatic embryos ranged form 41% to 75% and the score ranged from 4.1 to 4.4. The mediums MS2+8 mg/l 2,4-D have induced with explants AB, the efficiencies of FEC ranged from 43% to 57% and the score ranged from 3.1 to 3.8, however with ILL explants the efficiencies of FEC ranged from 39 % to 49 % and the score ranged from 2.9 to 3.7. The least FEC were observed in the medium MS2+10 mg/l BAP with BA explants, however the efficiencies ranged from 6% to 11% and the score ranged from 1.1 to 1.8. Whereas the efficiencies of FEC with ILL explants ranged from 4% to 7 % and the score ranged from 0.5 to 0.8. All of four cultivars showed capability of producing FEC although their efficiency varied according to gonotype donors explants and medium taking into acount.

Research paper thumbnail of Response of four cultivars of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) plantlets free of cassava mosaic virus to micropropagation in different media

African Journal of Biotechnology, Jan 3, 2018

The aim of this study was to identify the best medium for the micropropagation of four cultivars ... more The aim of this study was to identify the best medium for the micropropagation of four cultivars (Sixmois, M61/061, Yalipe and Rendre) of cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) plantlets free of mosaic virus. The effect of media on the morphogenesis in vitro was studied using different growth regulators combinations, added to MS medium, M0: MS without growth regulator; M1: MS+NAA (0.02 mg/l) ; M2 : MS+BAP (0.05 mg/l); M3: MS+NAA (0.02 mg/l) + BAP (0.05 mg/l); M4: MS+NAA (0.02 mg/l) + BAP (0.05 mg/l) + GA 3 (0.02 mg/l). The percentage of bud enlargement was determined after one week; while plantlets height, number of nodes, number of leaves, number of roots and Roots length were determined after eight weeks. The results show that the percentage of bud enlargement ranged from 78 to 100% in all the mediums, M1 and M3 induced the highest percentages of bud induction. The highest plantlet was observed in the medium M4 with cultivar Yalipe (5.28 cm), whereas the weakest was observed in the medium M1 with cultivar M61.033 (1.68 cm). The highest number of nodes was observed in the medium M4 with cultivar M61/033 (2.73), whereas the weakest was observed in M4 with cultivar Rendre (1.26). The highest number of leaves was obtained in M4 with cultivar M61/033 (4.74), whereas the weakest was observed in M3 with cultivar Six-mois (2.00). Medium M1 induced the highest number of roots (3.47) with cultivar Yalipe, whereas the weakest was observed in M2 with M61/033 (0.10). The highest root length was observed in the medium, M1 with cultivar Rendre (4.72 cm), whereas the weakest was observed in M0 with cultivar M61/033 (1.68 cm).

Research paper thumbnail of Contamination of Cereals (Sorghum Bicolor L. Moench and Pennisetum Glaucum (L.) R. Br.) During Storage: Farmer’s Perception and Management of Mold’ Contamination Risks

European Scientific Journal, ESJ, Sep 30, 2017

This study aimed to report the traditional technics used in Benin to store sorghum and millet gra... more This study aimed to report the traditional technics used in Benin to store sorghum and millet grains and assess the knowledge level of the farmers and sellers on the problematic of mold contamination during the grain storage. Entire sorghum and millet production areas were carried out. Face-to-face interview of 1,040 farmers and sellers of both cereals were conducted. The data were collected according to an adapted set of questions

Research paper thumbnail of Callus growth and ion composition in response to long-term NaCl-induced stress in two sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) cultivars

International Journal for Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Research, Jun 30, 2017

In this work, the effect of different concentrations of NaCl on calli induced from two sugarcane ... more In this work, the effect of different concentrations of NaCl on calli induced from two sugarcane cultivars NCo310 and CP59-73 was studied. Growth and ion concentrations (Na + , Cl-, K + and Ca 2+) of calli were determined after 1, 2 and 3 months of stress with the objective to understand the cellular mechanisms operating in salt stress tolerance and to determine the implication of inorganic fraction in salt tolerance in sugarcane cultivars. A negative effect of the NaCl concentration and the duration of stress exposure on the callus rate growth was observed in both cultivars and with more extent in CP59-73 cv. Results showed an increase in Na + and Cl and a decrease in K + and Ca 2+ concentrations after 1, 2 and 3 months of salt stress exposure. It also showed that resistant cv. NCo310 stressed calli accumulated less Na + and retained more K + and Ca 2+ than CP59-73 calli. Cl appeared to be involved in osmotic adjustment since the resistant cv. NCo310 stressed calli accumulated more Cl than CP59-73 ones. These results suggested that the resistance to salinity in sugarcane is associated with a high K + , Ca 2+ and Cl concentrations and a low Na + concentration within cells.

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of salinity on yield-related parameters in two contrasting cultivars of Oryza glaberrima Steud. in Benin

Experimental Agriculture

Summary Salinity is one of the major environmental stresses limiting growth and yield of rice. Th... more Summary Salinity is one of the major environmental stresses limiting growth and yield of rice. The objective of the present study was to analyze the impact of NaCl on yield-related parameters of Oryza glaberrima. Two contrasted cultivars of Oryza glaberrima previously tested for salt resistance at the vegetative stage [salt-resistant (TOG5307) and salt-sensitive (TOG5949)] were irrigated with a saline solution containing 30 mM NaCl (EC: 3 dS.m−1 NaCl). After 6 months of treatments, mineral nutrient and yield-related parameters were assessed. Proline was quantified in the panicle leaf at the start of the grain filling stage. NaCl treatment affected most yield-related parameters: panicle length, panicle leaf dry weight, number of branches per panicle, panicle leaf length, days to 50% heading, straw fresh weight per plant, grain yield per plant, number of spikelets per panicle, and number of filled grains per panicle. The weight of 1,000 grains decreased in the salt-sensitive cultivar ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effet de différentes doses de bouse de vache, d’urine humaine et de leur combinaison sur la croissance végétative et le poids des fruits de l’ananas (<i>Ananas comosus (L.)</i> Merr.) au Sud Bénin

Journal of Applied Biosciences, May 16, 2017

Effet de différentes doses de bouse de vache, d'urine humaine et de leur combinaison sur la crois... more Effet de différentes doses de bouse de vache, d'urine humaine et de leur combinaison sur la croissance végétative et le poids des fruits de l'ananas (Ananas comosus (L.

Research paper thumbnail of Response of seven African eggplant (Solanum macrocarpon L.) cultivars produced in Benin to salinity stress at seedling stage

African Journal of Agricultural Research, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Salt resistance strategies of amaranth salt-resistant mutant lines

International Journal of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Improving plant salt tolerance is thus a veritable challenge for breeders as salt stress is one o... more Improving plant salt tolerance is thus a veritable challenge for breeders as salt stress is one of the most important factors that negatively affect plant growth and productivity worldwide. In this study, we evaluated the physiological strategies involved in the salt resistance of three salt resistant mutant lines. Three weeks old plants of the three mutant lines and that of the control cultivar Locale were submitted in pots to three NaCl concentrations (0; 100 and 200 mM) in a completely randomized design with three replications. Plant growth, ions and organic solutes contents were determined after two weeks of treatment. Plant growth reduction under salt stress was earlier and more accentuated in the control cultivar followed by line L2 than the salt resistant lines L18 and L23. The rate of Na+, proline and soluble sugars accumulation; that of K+ and Ca++ absorption and that of K/Na and Ca/Na reduction under salt stress varied greatly according to the population. The salt resistance of line L18 was due to Na+ accumulation in leaves associated to proline and soluble sugars accumulation, the maintenance of high absorption of Ca++, high K/Na and Ca/Na ratios whereas that of line L23 was due to Na+ exclusion from leaves associated to the maintenance of high absorption of high K+ and Ca++, high K/Na and Ca/Na ratios. Line L2 resist to salt stress via proline accumulation and the maintenance of high Ca/Na ratio. Thus, lines developped different salt resistance strategies according to their relative salt resistance level.

Research paper thumbnail of Sugarcane ( <i>Saccharum</i> sp.) salt tolerance at various developmental levels

Research paper thumbnail of Proliferation of the water hyacinth (<i>Eichhornia crassipes</i>) on the river Sô (Sô-Ava) in Bénin

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Feb 8, 2016

Water hyacinth is a plant from America which was imported in Africa as an ornamental plant but be... more Water hyacinth is a plant from America which was imported in Africa as an ornamental plant but because of its proliferation, has become a dangerous aquatic macrophyte. In Benin, it colonizes most courses in continental water. Water hyacinth is present in several areas of the world as an ornamental plant and its infestation can be controlled by several treatments. The objective of this work is to identify them and promote their valuation in order to reduce their dangerousness to the population of aquatic organism as well as their ecosystem. In this regard, a survey was carried out to overcome these problems the people of the town in Sô-Ava and around face every year on the Sô River flows into Lake Nokoue. The coverage of the water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a major problem for people living in those areas where the plants rage. This plant prevents the movement of motorized boats, prevents the penetration of oxygen in water, which greatly reduces the number of organism such as fish fry, crocodiles nest and boas.

Research paper thumbnail of Screening for salinity tolerance of Oryza glaberrima Steud. seedlings

African Journal of Agricultural Research, Mar 22, 2018

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a salt-sensitive species and improvement of salt resistance is a major goa... more Rice (Oryza sativa) is a salt-sensitive species and improvement of salt resistance is a major goal for plant breeders. Some species of Oryza genus may constitute an interesting source of genes involved in stress resistance for cultivated rice improvement. The African rice Oryza glaberrima is poorly described for its response to salt stress. Twenty-five accessions of O. glaberrima were exposed during 2 weeks to 0 or 60 mM NaCl in nutrient solution. Morphological and physiological parameters were recorded and used to perform principal component analysis allowing us to consider three contrasting groups (saltresistant, medium, and salt-sensitive). Most of the tested lines appeared more salt-sensitive than the moderately salt-resistant cultivar I Kong Pao from O. sativa. Salt-sensitivity index was higher for roots than for shoots and O. glaberrima was poorly efficient for regulation of Na + translocation from the root to the shoot. Some accessions such as TOG5307 however were able to maintain a high net photosynthesis under salt conditions and exhibited a high level of tolerance to accumulated Na + ions and a high capacity for osmotic adjustment. It is concluded that these salt-tolerant accessions constitute a promising material for rice improvement through inter-specific crosses with O. sativa.

Research paper thumbnail of Salinity increased vitamins concentration in Amaranthus cruentus leaves

African Journal of Biotechnology, Nov 1, 2017

Salt stress is one of the major environmental constraints limiting agricultural productivity and ... more Salt stress is one of the major environmental constraints limiting agricultural productivity and influencing the concentration of bioactive compounds of vegetables. In this study, the effect of NaCl salt stress on nutrient contents of leaves in a cultivar of amaranth, an important leafy vegetable cultivated in some tropical regions worldwide, was evaluated. The experiment was carried out in a screen house at Center for Agricultural Research of Agonkanmey, Benin Republic as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Three weeks old plants were subjected in pots containing a mixture of potting soil and sand, to three concentrations (0, 30 and 90 mM) of NaCl by irrigation every two days. Nutrient contents in leaves were determined at maturity, after four weeks of stress, using standards methods. Proteins, total sugars, reducing sugars, lipids, potassium, calcium, vitamins C and B3 contents were not significantly affected by NaCl. Iron content increased significantly only at 30 mM NaCl but vitamins A, B1 and B2 contents increased significantly with increase in NaCl concentration. Thus, salt stress did not reduce nutritional values of this amaranth cultivar but improved its leaves nutritional quality by increasing vitamins A, B1 and B2 content.

Research paper thumbnail of Morphological diversities and associated preference traits in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) landraces from central and southern Benin

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Sep 8, 2021

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production in Benin is limited by several biotic and abiotic stresse... more Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production in Benin is limited by several biotic and abiotic stresses. The objectives of this study were to document varietal trait preferences and peanut genetic diversity for breeding programs. A survey in the South and Center of Benin and an agro-morphological characterization was carried out. Results showed that farmers used five criteria, namely yield (seeds and pods), size of seeds, number of seeds per pod, oil content, and quality of the paste for selecting a variety. The clustering based on ten qualitative traits showed a variability structure in three groups based on the leaflets shape, plant habit, and branching pattern. The principal component analysis carried out on the quantitative traits indicated six groups of accessions. The group 3 of the latest analysis is composed of Azii alorga and Kamalo with interesting characteristics and showing a good criteria as seeds size (SDL= 14.62 ± 0.48 mm), and pods size (average pod length and width respectively PoL = 33.70 ± 1.14 mm, Pow = 14.87 ± 0.29 mm). The results should be prioritized for breeding programs to improve the good criteria found in other peanut varieties. It will be helpful for farmers in selecting performant varieties.

Research paper thumbnail of Selection of callus cultures of sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) tolerant to NaCl and their response to salt stress. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult

Stable callus cultures tolerant to NaCl (68 mM) were developed from salt-sensitive sugarcane cult... more Stable callus cultures tolerant to NaCl (68 mM) were developed from salt-sensitive sugarcane cultivar CP65-357 by in vitro selection process. The accumulation of both inorganic (Na + , Cland K +) and organic (proline and soluble sugars) solutes was determined in selected and non-selected calli after a NaCl shock in order to evaluate their implication in in vitro salt tolerance of the selected lines. Both salt-tolerant and non-selected calli showed similar relative fresh weight growth in the absence of NaCl. No growth reduction was observed in salt-tolerant calli while a significant reduction about 32% was observed in nonselected ones when both were cultivated on 68 mM NaCl. Accumulation of Na + was similar in both salt-tolerant and non-selected calli in the presence of NaCl. Accumulation of Clwas lower in NaCl-tolerant than in non-selected calli while proline and soluble sugars were more accumulated in salt-tolerant than in non-selected calli when both were exposed to salt. K + level decreased more severely in non-selected calli than in NaCl-tolerant ones after NaCl shock. The results indicated that K + and Clmay play a key role in in vitro salt-tolerance in sugarcance cell lines obtained by in vitro selection and that organic solutes could contribute mainly to counteract the negative water potential of the outside medium.

Research paper thumbnail of NaCl effect on in vitro sugarcane bud emergency

It is important to determine precisely salt effects on bud germination. In this study, an in vitr... more It is important to determine precisely salt effects on bud germination. In this study, an in vitro procedure was used for studying sugarcane bud germination under NaCl salinity stress with different concentrations (0, 17, 34 and 68 mM) using five cultivars: NCo310, CP70-321, CP65-357, CP66-346 and CP59-73. Germination percentage of control ranged from 75% for variety CP66-346 to 100% for variety CP65-357 after 8 days of culture. Salt stress reduced the rate of germination in all varieties. At the end of the 8th day, salt stress decreased the percentage of final germination at all NaCl concentrations used and for all varieties except variety CP66-346 which showed a stimulation of germination at 34 mM NaCl. However, NaCl stress effects on bud germination of the five varieties used in this study were very low with an average reduction of 9.22; 5.88; 5.71 and 1.04 % in the presence of NaCl, respectively, for NCo310, CP70-321, CP65-357 and CP59-73; a little increase (3.08 %) was observed for CP66-346. Thus, NaCl stress delayed buds germination and globally reduced the percentage of final germination. Varieties CP59-73 and CP66-346 appeared to be more salt tolerant at this stage than the three other varieties.

Research paper thumbnail of Response of African eggplant (Solanum macrocarpon L.) cultivars produced in Benin Republic to salt stress at germination stage

International Journal of Current Research in Biosciences and Plant Biology, Jun 6, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Morphological characterization of Amaranthus cruentusL. mutant lines derived from local and preferred Amaranthus cultivar

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences

Amaranthus species are of underutilized orphan crops grown in tropical and sub-tropical regions o... more Amaranthus species are of underutilized orphan crops grown in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Benin’s most appreciated Amaranthus cruentus L. «local» cultivar is susceptible to saline stress. This study aimed to create genotypes agronomically, at least, as good as the «local» cultivar and useful for further saline tolerance breeding using mutation breeding. The morphological diversity among 19 gamma-irradiated A. cruentus mutant lines and «local» cultivar (control) were investigated, through a randomized complete block design with three replications, using 18 phenotypical traits (12 quantitative and 6 qualitative). The results show that among the six qualitative traits, only terminal inflorescence shape was discriminant. However, permutation analysis of variance revealed significant variability in quantitative traits: leaf width (CV=19%), Branches length (CV=47%), plant height (CV=25%), stem diameter (CV=29%), number of branches (21%) number of leaves (CV=25%). Multi...

Research paper thumbnail of Response of African Basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) to Salt Stress under Tropical Conditions in the Republic of Benin: Growth, Ions and Organic Solutes Accumulation

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science

Aims: This research aims at evaluating the effect of salt stress on plant growth, Na+, K+, prolin... more Aims: This research aims at evaluating the effect of salt stress on plant growth, Na+, K+, proline and soluble sugars contents in leaves and roots of local cultivar of African basil in Republic of Benin. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) having five treatments and three replications. Place and duration of Study: The experiment was carried out in screening house under natural conditions at the Center of Agricultural Research of Agonkanmey, Commune of Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin from January to February, 2020. Methodology: Five salt concentrations (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mM) were used to irrigate three weeks old plants for two weeks. After two weeks, plant growth, sodium (Na) and potassium (K), proline, and soluble sugars contents of leaves and roots were determined. Results: Salt stress induced a significant reduction (p = .05) in shoot growth from 60 mM NaCl but had no impact on the number of leaves and shoot water content. Root gr...

Research paper thumbnail of Screening of Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) Mutant Lines for Salinity Tolerance

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science

Aims: The present study was carried out to access the salt tolerance level of nine amaranth (Amar... more Aims: The present study was carried out to access the salt tolerance level of nine amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) mutant lines selected from Benin cultivar ‘Locale’ at young plants stage in comparison with the cultivar ‘Locale’ used as control. Study Design: The experiment was laid out as a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was carried out in a screening house at University of Abomey-Calavi, City of Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin from May to June, 2020. Methodology: Three-weeks old plants of the nine stable mutant lines and the control cultivar ‘Locale’ were planted in pots containing a mixture of potting soil and sand. NaCl concentrations: 0; 100; 150 and 200 mM were given by irrigation once in two days Plant growth parameters were evaluated after two weeks. Results: Salt effect caused a reduction of young plant growth whatever the growth parameter considered with a significant disparity (p=.001) among the genotypes....

Research paper thumbnail of Réponse des plantes de tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivées sous stress salin à une application exogène de calcium et de potassium

Journal of Applied Biosciences

Objectifs : Le stress salin constitue un des stress environnementaux majeurs qui agit négativemen... more Objectifs : Le stress salin constitue un des stress environnementaux majeurs qui agit négativement sur la croissance des plantes. L’effet positif d’une application exogène de calcium et de potassium a été déterminé sur la croissance des plants de tomate soumis à la salinité. Méthodologie et résultats : Les plants de trois cultivars de tomate ont été exposés à six traitements comprenant le témoin sans NaCl ; 120 mM de NaCl et une combinaison entre 120 mM de NaCl et un apport de 40 mM de CaSO4 ; CaCl2 ; KNO3 ou K2SO4. La croissance des plantes a été déterminée après quinze jours d’exposition. L’application exogène de potassium n’a pas amélioré la croissance des plants stressés tandis que celle du calcium a atténué significativement les effets du NaCl sur les plantes du cultivar sensible Akikon. Aucun effet améliorateur n’a été observé chez les cultivars Tounvi et F1 Mongal. Conclusion et applications des résultats : Seule l’application exogène des deux formes de calcium a atténué les ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect Of Explant Source And Different Medium Culture On Friable Embryogenic Callus Induction Of Four Cultivars Of Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz)

International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, Jun 25, 2016

In order to obtain Friable Embryogenic Callus (FEC) for protoplast isolation, we have evaluated i... more In order to obtain Friable Embryogenic Callus (FEC) for protoplast isolation, we have evaluated in this research the competance for Friable Embryogenic Callus (FEC) of four cassava cultivars M61/033, Rendre, Yalipe and Six-mois in media containing MS supplemented with 8mg/l 2,4-D; MS supplemented with 10 mg/l BAP and GD supplemented with 12mg/l picloram using apical bud (AB) and immature leaves lobes (ILL) as explants. In general, in the medium GD+12mg/l picloram, the highest efficiencies of FEC ranged from 58 % to 87 % and the highest score of FEC ranged from 4.2 to 5.4 with explants AB, however we have observed with explants ILL, the efficiencies of somatic embryos ranged form 41% to 75% and the score ranged from 4.1 to 4.4. The mediums MS2+8 mg/l 2,4-D have induced with explants AB, the efficiencies of FEC ranged from 43% to 57% and the score ranged from 3.1 to 3.8, however with ILL explants the efficiencies of FEC ranged from 39 % to 49 % and the score ranged from 2.9 to 3.7. The least FEC were observed in the medium MS2+10 mg/l BAP with BA explants, however the efficiencies ranged from 6% to 11% and the score ranged from 1.1 to 1.8. Whereas the efficiencies of FEC with ILL explants ranged from 4% to 7 % and the score ranged from 0.5 to 0.8. All of four cultivars showed capability of producing FEC although their efficiency varied according to gonotype donors explants and medium taking into acount.

Research paper thumbnail of Response of four cultivars of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) plantlets free of cassava mosaic virus to micropropagation in different media

African Journal of Biotechnology, Jan 3, 2018

The aim of this study was to identify the best medium for the micropropagation of four cultivars ... more The aim of this study was to identify the best medium for the micropropagation of four cultivars (Sixmois, M61/061, Yalipe and Rendre) of cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) plantlets free of mosaic virus. The effect of media on the morphogenesis in vitro was studied using different growth regulators combinations, added to MS medium, M0: MS without growth regulator; M1: MS+NAA (0.02 mg/l) ; M2 : MS+BAP (0.05 mg/l); M3: MS+NAA (0.02 mg/l) + BAP (0.05 mg/l); M4: MS+NAA (0.02 mg/l) + BAP (0.05 mg/l) + GA 3 (0.02 mg/l). The percentage of bud enlargement was determined after one week; while plantlets height, number of nodes, number of leaves, number of roots and Roots length were determined after eight weeks. The results show that the percentage of bud enlargement ranged from 78 to 100% in all the mediums, M1 and M3 induced the highest percentages of bud induction. The highest plantlet was observed in the medium M4 with cultivar Yalipe (5.28 cm), whereas the weakest was observed in the medium M1 with cultivar M61.033 (1.68 cm). The highest number of nodes was observed in the medium M4 with cultivar M61/033 (2.73), whereas the weakest was observed in M4 with cultivar Rendre (1.26). The highest number of leaves was obtained in M4 with cultivar M61/033 (4.74), whereas the weakest was observed in M3 with cultivar Six-mois (2.00). Medium M1 induced the highest number of roots (3.47) with cultivar Yalipe, whereas the weakest was observed in M2 with M61/033 (0.10). The highest root length was observed in the medium, M1 with cultivar Rendre (4.72 cm), whereas the weakest was observed in M0 with cultivar M61/033 (1.68 cm).

Research paper thumbnail of Contamination of Cereals (Sorghum Bicolor L. Moench and Pennisetum Glaucum (L.) R. Br.) During Storage: Farmer’s Perception and Management of Mold’ Contamination Risks

European Scientific Journal, ESJ, Sep 30, 2017

This study aimed to report the traditional technics used in Benin to store sorghum and millet gra... more This study aimed to report the traditional technics used in Benin to store sorghum and millet grains and assess the knowledge level of the farmers and sellers on the problematic of mold contamination during the grain storage. Entire sorghum and millet production areas were carried out. Face-to-face interview of 1,040 farmers and sellers of both cereals were conducted. The data were collected according to an adapted set of questions

Research paper thumbnail of Callus growth and ion composition in response to long-term NaCl-induced stress in two sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) cultivars

International Journal for Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Research, Jun 30, 2017

In this work, the effect of different concentrations of NaCl on calli induced from two sugarcane ... more In this work, the effect of different concentrations of NaCl on calli induced from two sugarcane cultivars NCo310 and CP59-73 was studied. Growth and ion concentrations (Na + , Cl-, K + and Ca 2+) of calli were determined after 1, 2 and 3 months of stress with the objective to understand the cellular mechanisms operating in salt stress tolerance and to determine the implication of inorganic fraction in salt tolerance in sugarcane cultivars. A negative effect of the NaCl concentration and the duration of stress exposure on the callus rate growth was observed in both cultivars and with more extent in CP59-73 cv. Results showed an increase in Na + and Cl and a decrease in K + and Ca 2+ concentrations after 1, 2 and 3 months of salt stress exposure. It also showed that resistant cv. NCo310 stressed calli accumulated less Na + and retained more K + and Ca 2+ than CP59-73 calli. Cl appeared to be involved in osmotic adjustment since the resistant cv. NCo310 stressed calli accumulated more Cl than CP59-73 ones. These results suggested that the resistance to salinity in sugarcane is associated with a high K + , Ca 2+ and Cl concentrations and a low Na + concentration within cells.

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of salinity on yield-related parameters in two contrasting cultivars of Oryza glaberrima Steud. in Benin

Experimental Agriculture

Summary Salinity is one of the major environmental stresses limiting growth and yield of rice. Th... more Summary Salinity is one of the major environmental stresses limiting growth and yield of rice. The objective of the present study was to analyze the impact of NaCl on yield-related parameters of Oryza glaberrima. Two contrasted cultivars of Oryza glaberrima previously tested for salt resistance at the vegetative stage [salt-resistant (TOG5307) and salt-sensitive (TOG5949)] were irrigated with a saline solution containing 30 mM NaCl (EC: 3 dS.m−1 NaCl). After 6 months of treatments, mineral nutrient and yield-related parameters were assessed. Proline was quantified in the panicle leaf at the start of the grain filling stage. NaCl treatment affected most yield-related parameters: panicle length, panicle leaf dry weight, number of branches per panicle, panicle leaf length, days to 50% heading, straw fresh weight per plant, grain yield per plant, number of spikelets per panicle, and number of filled grains per panicle. The weight of 1,000 grains decreased in the salt-sensitive cultivar ...