Mbaye Diouf - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mbaye Diouf

Agronomie, 2004

ABSTRACT In the Sahelian zone, low soil N could be as limiting as drought in pearl millet product... more ABSTRACT In the Sahelian zone, low soil N could be as limiting as drought in pearl millet production. Although growth and crop productivity depend on several biochemical reactions in which the nitrogen metabolism plays a great role, there is little information available on how N uptake and key enzymes, nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase, are affected by nitrogen and water interaction in millet. For this purpose, the millet variety cv. Souna III was grown in the field during the dry season under three levels of nitrogen fertilization (N0 = 0.0, N1 = 17.13, and N2 = 68.50 kg N ha–1) and different water regimes (well-watered and water-stressed) in a split-plot experimental design. Irrigation was stopped for water-stressed plants during tillering, and the grain formation and filling phases, thereby giving rise to two water deficit cycles. A major quantity of mobilized N (79–100%) was taken up before flowering in all N treatments. Nitrogen uptake declined significantly only during the second water deficit cycle. During the first water deficit cycle, aboveground biomass was reduced and the maintenance of the N uptake resulted in increased N and nitrate concentrations. The water deficit reduced nitrate reductase activity in all treatments and the effect was greater under high N. The increase in nitrate concentration under water deficit conditions showed that the reduction in nitrate reductase activity was probably not due to limiting nitrates. Glutamine synthetase activity was higher under the low N treatments, N1 and N0, showing the absence of a stimulating effect of glutamine synthetase activity by nitrate or ammonium. These results are discussed on the basis of their effect on grain N and grain yield.

Journal Africain d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, 2011

Journal Africain d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, 2010

... rapportent une fréquence hospitalière de 0,15 %, proche de celle de notre étude [7]. C'e... more ... rapportent une fréquence hospitalière de 0,15 %, proche de celle de notre étude [7]. C'est une affection qui touche toutes les classes d'âge, mais l'adulte jeune semble être le terrain de prédilection dans notre ... Malick A, Saxena NC (2003) Ultrasound in abdominal tubercu-losis. ...

Objectifs Décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques, thérapeutiques et évolu... more Objectifs Décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques, thérapeutiques et évolutifs des tumeurs stromales digestives à l’hôpital Principal de Dakar. Malades et méthodes Étude rétrospective descriptive réalisée de février 2002 à février 2010, soit pendant huit ans, ayant inclus tous les malades hospitalisés dans les services de médecine interne pour tumeur stromale digestive. Résultats Dix tumeurs stromales digestives ont été colligées. L’âge moyen des patients était de 52,5 ans (39–67 ans), le sex-ratio de 2,3. Les manifestations cliniques étaient: une masse abdominale (n = 7), une altération de l’état général (n = 6), des douleurs abdominales (n = 5), une hématémèse (n = 1). L’examen histologique montrait une prolifération de cellules fusiformes exprimant en immunohistochimie les marqueurs CD117 (c-kit) et CD34. L’étude de l’extension montrait une tumeur localisée dans quatre cas et des métastases dans six cas. Une chirurgie à visée curative était réalisée dans trois cas. Un traitement médical à base de mésylate d’imatinib (Glivec®) était instauré chez quatre patients qui présentaient une tumeur non résécable (n = 1), une tumeur d’emblée métastatique (n = 1) et une tumeur récidivante (n = 2). L’évolution était bonne chez tous les patients traités. Trois patients dont la maladie était très évoluée sont décédés avant l’instauration d’un traitement et deux ont été perdus de vue. Une récidive locale et métastatique est apparue chez deux patients à 6 et 17 mois de la chirurgie. La survie moyenne était de 62 mois (29–96 mois). Conclusion Les tumeurs stromales digestives sont rares au Sénégal et présentent le même profil épidémiologique que celles qui sont diagnostiquées dans les pays occidentaux et asiatiques. Elles expriment les marqueurs CD117 et CD34 et sont souvent diagnostiquées au stade métastatique. L’efficacité du Glivec® est démontrée dans ces cas. Nos patients en bénéficient malgré son coût prohibitif grâce au programme GIPAP (GIPAP: Glivec® International Patients Assistance Program). Aim To describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, and therapeutic features and outcome of gastrointestinal stromal tumors at the Principal Hospital of Dakar. Patients and methods This is a descriptive and retrospective study conducted over a period of 8 years, from February 2002 to February 2010. All patients hospitalized in the medical departments for gastrointestinal stromal tumors have been included in the study. Results Ten gastrointestinal stromal tumors were registered. The mean age of the patients was 52.5 years (39–67 years), and the male/female sex ratio was 2.3. The clinical manifestations were: abdominal mass (N = 7), impaired general condition (N = 6), abdominal pain (N = 5), and hematemesis (N = 1). Histological examination showed proliferation of spindle cells. All tumors were positive for immunohistochemical markers CD117 (c-kit) and CD34. Further studies showed localised tumor in four cases and metastases in six cases. A curative surgery was performed in three cases. Medical treatment based on imatinib mesylate (Glivec®) was initiated in patients with unresectable tumor (N = 1), metastatic tumor (N = 1), and recurrent tumor (N = 2). The outcome was favourable in all patients. Three patients with advanced disease died before the initiation of treatment, and two patients were lost to follow up. Local recurrence and metastasis occurred in two patients at 6 and 17 months after curative surgery. The median survival was 62 months (29–96 months). Conclusion Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are rare in Senegal and have epidemiological profile similar to those diagnosed in the Western and Asian countries. They express markers CD117 and CD34 and are often diagnosed at the metastatic stage. The efficacy of Glivec® was demonstrated in these cases. Despite its high cost, our patients were supported by the Glivec® International Patients Assistance Program (GIPAP).

Gastroenterologie Clinique Et Biologique, 2009

Objectifs Il s’agit de décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques, thérapeuti... more Objectifs Il s’agit de décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques, thérapeutiques et évolutifs de la tuberculose péritonéale au Sénégal. Malades et méthodes Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective ayant inclus tous les cas de tuberculose péritonéale recensés à l’hôpital Principal de Dakar, entre le 1er janvier 1996 et le 30 juin 2006, soit pendant dix ans et six mois. Résultats Soixante et un cas de tuberculose péritonéale ont été inclus. L’âge moyen des patients était de 36 ans, le sexratio de 0,9. L’ascite fébrile était la principale circonstance de découverte. Le liquide d’ascite était exsudatif dans 92,4 %, lymphocytaire dans 90,5 %. La tuberculose péritonéale était isolée dans 70,5 % des cas, associée à une atteinte pleurale dans 21 % des cas, à une atteinte pulmonaire dans 13 % des cas et à une atteinte hépatique dans 3,2 %. La sérologie VIH était positive chez 4,5 % des patients testés. Le diagnostic de certitude a reposé sur la laparoscopie associée à des biopsies péritonéales qui montraient des lésions granulomateuses dans 70,5 % des cas. L’évolution était favorable dans tous les cas sous traitement antituberculeux. Conclusion La tuberculose péritonéale atteint l’adulte jeune avec une discrète prédominance féminine dans cette série. Elle doit être évoquée devant toute ascite fébrile, lymphocytaire et exsudative. Le diagnostic de certitude repose sur la laparoscopie associée à des biopsies péritonéales. L’évolution est généralement favorable sous traitement antituberculeux bien conduit. Aims To describe the characteristic features (epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutive) of peritoneal tuberculosis in Senegal. Patients and methods Retrospective study, which included all cases of peritoneal tuberculosis identified at Principal hospital in Dakar between the 1 January 1996 and 30 June 2006. Results Sixty-one cases of peritoneal tuberculosis were included in ten years and six months. The mean age of patients was 36 years, and the sex ratio was 0.9. Ascites associated with fever was the most common symptom. The ascitic fluid was exudative in 92.4% and lymphocytic in 90.5%. Peritoneal tuberculosis was isolated in 70.5% of cases and associated with pleural effusion in 21%, lung involvement in 13% and liver involvement in 3.2%. The HIV was positive in 4.5% of patients who were tested. The definite diagnosis was based on laparoscopy associated with peritoneal biopsy showing granulomatous lesions in 70% of cases. The outcome was favourable in all cases after antituberculous therapy. Conclusion Peritoneal tuberculosis occurs in young adult with a discrete female predominance in this series. It must be suspected in the presence of any lymphocytic and exudative ascites associated with fever. The definite diagnosis is based on laparoscopy with peritoneal biopsy. The outcome is generally favourable with antituberculous treatment.

Gastroentérologie Clinique et Biologique, 2009

Endoscopy, 2012

Therapeutic digestive endoscopy did not exist in sub-Saharan Africa before 2005. However, the pre... more Therapeutic digestive endoscopy did not exist in sub-Saharan Africa before 2005. However, the prevalence of digestive diseases that could potentially benefit from basic endoscopic treatment is very high in this region. Portal hypertension with variceal bleeding and severe dysphagia associated with benign or malignant upper gastrointestinal tract diseases are prominent in these countries. The aim of the Project described in this report was to create a digestive endoscopy facility in Dakar (Senegal, West Africa), that would also provide local training in therapeutic endoscopy to doctors and nurses and facilitate regional autonomy with the opening of a University Certification in Gastroenterology. It took about 10 years to achieve these targets - 5 years to prepare realistic aims that took into account local needs, available local resources, and funding, and 4 years for the Project itself (2005-2009). At the present time, Senegalese colleagues and nurses are autonomous for basic therapeutic procedures in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. Two years after the end of funding, the rate of therapeutic activity has increased from 0% in 2005 to 12 % of digestive endoscopic activity in 2011. Key points of success were preparation, confidence of medical personnel, university involvement, shared funding, local multidisciplinary training, and facilitation of autonomy. Belgian healthcare workers were present on-site in Dakar for a total of about 6 months over the 4-year Project period, with an annual budget of less than € 80000. The Project has enabled an efficient North-South collaboration with a minimal budget, which has changed the healthcare provision of digestive endoscopy in Senegal, and has also provided autonomy, and facilitated the development of South-South cooperation.

Agronomie, 2004

ABSTRACT In the Sahelian zone, low soil N could be as limiting as drought in pearl millet product... more ABSTRACT In the Sahelian zone, low soil N could be as limiting as drought in pearl millet production. Although growth and crop productivity depend on several biochemical reactions in which the nitrogen metabolism plays a great role, there is little information available on how N uptake and key enzymes, nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase, are affected by nitrogen and water interaction in millet. For this purpose, the millet variety cv. Souna III was grown in the field during the dry season under three levels of nitrogen fertilization (N0 = 0.0, N1 = 17.13, and N2 = 68.50 kg N ha–1) and different water regimes (well-watered and water-stressed) in a split-plot experimental design. Irrigation was stopped for water-stressed plants during tillering, and the grain formation and filling phases, thereby giving rise to two water deficit cycles. A major quantity of mobilized N (79–100%) was taken up before flowering in all N treatments. Nitrogen uptake declined significantly only during the second water deficit cycle. During the first water deficit cycle, aboveground biomass was reduced and the maintenance of the N uptake resulted in increased N and nitrate concentrations. The water deficit reduced nitrate reductase activity in all treatments and the effect was greater under high N. The increase in nitrate concentration under water deficit conditions showed that the reduction in nitrate reductase activity was probably not due to limiting nitrates. Glutamine synthetase activity was higher under the low N treatments, N1 and N0, showing the absence of a stimulating effect of glutamine synthetase activity by nitrate or ammonium. These results are discussed on the basis of their effect on grain N and grain yield.

Journal Africain d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, 2011

Journal Africain d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, 2010

... rapportent une fréquence hospitalière de 0,15 %, proche de celle de notre étude [7]. C'e... more ... rapportent une fréquence hospitalière de 0,15 %, proche de celle de notre étude [7]. C'est une affection qui touche toutes les classes d'âge, mais l'adulte jeune semble être le terrain de prédilection dans notre ... Malick A, Saxena NC (2003) Ultrasound in abdominal tubercu-losis. ...

Objectifs Décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques, thérapeutiques et évolu... more Objectifs Décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques, thérapeutiques et évolutifs des tumeurs stromales digestives à l’hôpital Principal de Dakar. Malades et méthodes Étude rétrospective descriptive réalisée de février 2002 à février 2010, soit pendant huit ans, ayant inclus tous les malades hospitalisés dans les services de médecine interne pour tumeur stromale digestive. Résultats Dix tumeurs stromales digestives ont été colligées. L’âge moyen des patients était de 52,5 ans (39–67 ans), le sex-ratio de 2,3. Les manifestations cliniques étaient: une masse abdominale (n = 7), une altération de l’état général (n = 6), des douleurs abdominales (n = 5), une hématémèse (n = 1). L’examen histologique montrait une prolifération de cellules fusiformes exprimant en immunohistochimie les marqueurs CD117 (c-kit) et CD34. L’étude de l’extension montrait une tumeur localisée dans quatre cas et des métastases dans six cas. Une chirurgie à visée curative était réalisée dans trois cas. Un traitement médical à base de mésylate d’imatinib (Glivec®) était instauré chez quatre patients qui présentaient une tumeur non résécable (n = 1), une tumeur d’emblée métastatique (n = 1) et une tumeur récidivante (n = 2). L’évolution était bonne chez tous les patients traités. Trois patients dont la maladie était très évoluée sont décédés avant l’instauration d’un traitement et deux ont été perdus de vue. Une récidive locale et métastatique est apparue chez deux patients à 6 et 17 mois de la chirurgie. La survie moyenne était de 62 mois (29–96 mois). Conclusion Les tumeurs stromales digestives sont rares au Sénégal et présentent le même profil épidémiologique que celles qui sont diagnostiquées dans les pays occidentaux et asiatiques. Elles expriment les marqueurs CD117 et CD34 et sont souvent diagnostiquées au stade métastatique. L’efficacité du Glivec® est démontrée dans ces cas. Nos patients en bénéficient malgré son coût prohibitif grâce au programme GIPAP (GIPAP: Glivec® International Patients Assistance Program). Aim To describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, and therapeutic features and outcome of gastrointestinal stromal tumors at the Principal Hospital of Dakar. Patients and methods This is a descriptive and retrospective study conducted over a period of 8 years, from February 2002 to February 2010. All patients hospitalized in the medical departments for gastrointestinal stromal tumors have been included in the study. Results Ten gastrointestinal stromal tumors were registered. The mean age of the patients was 52.5 years (39–67 years), and the male/female sex ratio was 2.3. The clinical manifestations were: abdominal mass (N = 7), impaired general condition (N = 6), abdominal pain (N = 5), and hematemesis (N = 1). Histological examination showed proliferation of spindle cells. All tumors were positive for immunohistochemical markers CD117 (c-kit) and CD34. Further studies showed localised tumor in four cases and metastases in six cases. A curative surgery was performed in three cases. Medical treatment based on imatinib mesylate (Glivec®) was initiated in patients with unresectable tumor (N = 1), metastatic tumor (N = 1), and recurrent tumor (N = 2). The outcome was favourable in all patients. Three patients with advanced disease died before the initiation of treatment, and two patients were lost to follow up. Local recurrence and metastasis occurred in two patients at 6 and 17 months after curative surgery. The median survival was 62 months (29–96 months). Conclusion Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are rare in Senegal and have epidemiological profile similar to those diagnosed in the Western and Asian countries. They express markers CD117 and CD34 and are often diagnosed at the metastatic stage. The efficacy of Glivec® was demonstrated in these cases. Despite its high cost, our patients were supported by the Glivec® International Patients Assistance Program (GIPAP).

Gastroenterologie Clinique Et Biologique, 2009

Objectifs Il s’agit de décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques, thérapeuti... more Objectifs Il s’agit de décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques, thérapeutiques et évolutifs de la tuberculose péritonéale au Sénégal. Malades et méthodes Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective ayant inclus tous les cas de tuberculose péritonéale recensés à l’hôpital Principal de Dakar, entre le 1er janvier 1996 et le 30 juin 2006, soit pendant dix ans et six mois. Résultats Soixante et un cas de tuberculose péritonéale ont été inclus. L’âge moyen des patients était de 36 ans, le sexratio de 0,9. L’ascite fébrile était la principale circonstance de découverte. Le liquide d’ascite était exsudatif dans 92,4 %, lymphocytaire dans 90,5 %. La tuberculose péritonéale était isolée dans 70,5 % des cas, associée à une atteinte pleurale dans 21 % des cas, à une atteinte pulmonaire dans 13 % des cas et à une atteinte hépatique dans 3,2 %. La sérologie VIH était positive chez 4,5 % des patients testés. Le diagnostic de certitude a reposé sur la laparoscopie associée à des biopsies péritonéales qui montraient des lésions granulomateuses dans 70,5 % des cas. L’évolution était favorable dans tous les cas sous traitement antituberculeux. Conclusion La tuberculose péritonéale atteint l’adulte jeune avec une discrète prédominance féminine dans cette série. Elle doit être évoquée devant toute ascite fébrile, lymphocytaire et exsudative. Le diagnostic de certitude repose sur la laparoscopie associée à des biopsies péritonéales. L’évolution est généralement favorable sous traitement antituberculeux bien conduit. Aims To describe the characteristic features (epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutive) of peritoneal tuberculosis in Senegal. Patients and methods Retrospective study, which included all cases of peritoneal tuberculosis identified at Principal hospital in Dakar between the 1 January 1996 and 30 June 2006. Results Sixty-one cases of peritoneal tuberculosis were included in ten years and six months. The mean age of patients was 36 years, and the sex ratio was 0.9. Ascites associated with fever was the most common symptom. The ascitic fluid was exudative in 92.4% and lymphocytic in 90.5%. Peritoneal tuberculosis was isolated in 70.5% of cases and associated with pleural effusion in 21%, lung involvement in 13% and liver involvement in 3.2%. The HIV was positive in 4.5% of patients who were tested. The definite diagnosis was based on laparoscopy associated with peritoneal biopsy showing granulomatous lesions in 70% of cases. The outcome was favourable in all cases after antituberculous therapy. Conclusion Peritoneal tuberculosis occurs in young adult with a discrete female predominance in this series. It must be suspected in the presence of any lymphocytic and exudative ascites associated with fever. The definite diagnosis is based on laparoscopy with peritoneal biopsy. The outcome is generally favourable with antituberculous treatment.

Gastroentérologie Clinique et Biologique, 2009

Endoscopy, 2012

Therapeutic digestive endoscopy did not exist in sub-Saharan Africa before 2005. However, the pre... more Therapeutic digestive endoscopy did not exist in sub-Saharan Africa before 2005. However, the prevalence of digestive diseases that could potentially benefit from basic endoscopic treatment is very high in this region. Portal hypertension with variceal bleeding and severe dysphagia associated with benign or malignant upper gastrointestinal tract diseases are prominent in these countries. The aim of the Project described in this report was to create a digestive endoscopy facility in Dakar (Senegal, West Africa), that would also provide local training in therapeutic endoscopy to doctors and nurses and facilitate regional autonomy with the opening of a University Certification in Gastroenterology. It took about 10 years to achieve these targets - 5 years to prepare realistic aims that took into account local needs, available local resources, and funding, and 4 years for the Project itself (2005-2009). At the present time, Senegalese colleagues and nurses are autonomous for basic therapeutic procedures in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. Two years after the end of funding, the rate of therapeutic activity has increased from 0% in 2005 to 12 % of digestive endoscopic activity in 2011. Key points of success were preparation, confidence of medical personnel, university involvement, shared funding, local multidisciplinary training, and facilitation of autonomy. Belgian healthcare workers were present on-site in Dakar for a total of about 6 months over the 4-year Project period, with an annual budget of less than € 80000. The Project has enabled an efficient North-South collaboration with a minimal budget, which has changed the healthcare provision of digestive endoscopy in Senegal, and has also provided autonomy, and facilitated the development of South-South cooperation.