Dr Shital Patel - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Dr Shital Patel

$Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of mandibular fractures: A 7-year retrospective study$

Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery, 2019

With projected expansion of biofuel production at a global scale, there is a pressing need to dev... more With projected expansion of biofuel production at a global scale, there is a pressing need to develop adequate representation of bioenergy crops in land surface models to help effectively quantify the biogeophysical and biogeochemical effects of its associated land use changes. This study implements two new perennial bioenergy crops, Miscanthus and switchgrass, into the Community Land Model Version 5 based on site-level observations from the midwestern United States by modifying parameters associated with photosynthesis, phenology, allocation, decomposition, and carbon cost of nitrogen uptake and integrating concomitantly land management practices. Sensitivity analyses indicate that carbon and energy fluxes of the perennial crops are most sensitive to photosynthesis and phenology parameters. Validation of simulated fluxes against site-level measurements demonstrates that the model is capable of capturing the overall patterns of energy and carbon fluxes, as well as physiological transitions from leaf emergence to senescence. Compared to annual crops, perennial crops feature longer growing season, greater leaf areas, and higher productivity, leading to increased transpiration, lower annual runoff, and larger carbon uptake. The model simulations suggest that with higher CO 2 assimilation rates and lower demands for nutrients and water, high-yielding perennial crops are promising alternatives of bioenergy feedstocks compared to traditional annual crops not only for mitigating climate change but also for environmental conservation purposes by reducing fertilizer application and therefore alleviating surface-and groundwater contaminations. Although the local-scale simulations shed light on potential benefits of using perennial grasses as bioenergy feedstocks, quantifying consequences of their plantations at larger scales warrants additional investigation. While traditional row crops, such as corn and soybean, can be used as biofuel feedstocks, their potential unfavored consequences for food security (Msangi et al., 2007) and environmental sustainability (Calvin et al., 2017; Searchinger et al., 2008) limit their use as biofuel feedstocks. Perennial grasses, such as Panicum virgatum (switchgrass) and Miscanthus x giganteus (Miscanthus), are better alternatives to traditional food crops (Smith & Searchinger, 2012; Stokstad, 2019) because they have high water-and nutrientuse efficiencies. For example, Zhuang et al. (2013) reported that the substitution of Miscanthus for maize

Turkish Journal of Oral and maxillofacial surgery, 2020

Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, 2021

To explore the efficacy of ultrasonography as an additional diagnostic tool in superficial odonto... more To explore the efficacy of ultrasonography as an additional diagnostic tool in superficial odontogenic fascial space infections of maxillofacial region and modifying the treatment plan when needed. Forty patients with superficial fascial space infections underwent a detailed clinical, plain radiological and ultrasonographic examination. Based on the ultrasonographic findings, final diagnosis was made and compared with clinical findings. Patients diagnosed with cellulitis were given medical line of treatment, and those with abscess were subjected to incision and drainage along with standard general supportive care and removal of etiologic agent. In this study, out of 40 patients (male = 22, female = 18), clinical diagnosis of cellulitis was made in 26 cases (65%) and abscess in 14 (35.0%). On USG examination, cellulitis was present in 21 cases (52.5%), while abscess in 19 (47.5%). Final diagnosis of cellulitis was made in 13 (59.1%) males and 12(66.7%) females, while abscess was confirmed in 9 (40.9%) male and 6 (33.3%) female patients. The results showed that sensitivity of the clinical examination alone was 64% with 33% specificity, and for USG, sensitivity was 84% with specificity of 100%. The adjuvant role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and timely management of superficial fascial space infections is promising owing to its accessibility, relative safety, repeatability and cost-effectiveness.

Background : Articaine is an amide local anesthetic agent which differs from other agents of its ... more Background : Articaine is an amide local anesthetic agent which differs from other agents of its group due to the presence of a thiophene ring instead of benzene ring, which makes it superior to lidocaine in its biologic profile. Purpose : To evaluate the clinical efficacy, time of onset of anesthesia , duration of action and intra – or postadministration complication of articaine in comparison with lignocaine for bilateral extraction of maxillary first premolars for orthodontic reasons. Material and methods : This study was carried out in 25 patients visiting The Department Of Oral &Maxillofacial Surgery, AMC Dental College &Hospital, Ahmedabad, needing bilateral extractions of maxillary premolars for orthodontic purposes . A volume of 0.5 – 1 ml of 4% articaine hydrochloride was injected in the buccal vestibule on one side & 1 – 1.5 ml of 2% lignocaine hydrochloride was injected on the other side. After achieving adequate anesthesia , the extraction procedure was carried out under...

Acta Scientific Otolaryngology, 2020

Oral Submucous Fibrosis is a premalignant condition affecting a considerable population around th... more Oral Submucous Fibrosis is a premalignant condition affecting a considerable population around the world. The surge in the use of arecanut and tobacco products has led to monumental rise in young patients complaining of trismus and inability to eat. Although, the condition can be effectively managed through surgery followed by physiotherapy, its incessant subclinical progression often restores the intraoral fibrosis once physiotherapy is discontinued, most commonly due to pain. In this respect, it was intriguing to notice many such patients eliciting an elongated styloid process which may be consequent to activation of Transforming Growth Factor-beta due to chronic trauma or inflammation. This growth factor is also involved in marked deposition of collagen forming intraoral fibrous bands. Hence, if a definite association can be delineated between the two conditions, through radiographic examination on an orthopantomogram, clinicians can be alerted to diagnose an elongated styloid process whenever a case of oral submucous fibrosis presents in the clinical practice. This simple yet significant protocol shall eliminate a prominent cause of pain during mouth opening exercises thus making the chances of treatment failure negligible.

National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery, 2016

Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, 2016

Aim To study the incidence of mandibular third molar impaction in relation to type and side of im... more Aim To study the incidence of mandibular third molar impaction in relation to type and side of impaction, age and sex of patients and indications for its surgical removal through data collected from a single institute over a period of 3 and half years. Methods The records of 1198 patients who underwent the surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars were reviewed retrospectively. Records were divided into groups according to sex, age, type and side of impaction. Radiographs were studied to determine angular position of impacted mandible third molar. Results We found that there was a high incidence of mesioangular lower third molar impaction (33.97 %), highest number of patients were found in 15-30 years of age group (48.33 %), a left side (56.93 %) was more commonly involved, female predominance (63.44 %) was observed and recurrent pericoronitis (33.81 %) was the most common indication. Conclusion Awareness of the indications for surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar to the patients will help to avoid future risk of complications and morbidity associated with the same. This will not only help in saving time and money but also prevents the psychological trauma associated with delayed treatment. Removal of only symptomatic IMTM seems to be the logical choice in view of financial constraint in developing countries like India but at the same time early removal offers freedom from future complications in selected cases. So surgeons should apply a meticulous approach in selecting the patients for SRIMTM. Keywords Impaction Á Indication Á Retrospective Á SRIMTM (surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar) Á IMTM (impacted mandibular third molar)

Journal of Natural Science, Biology and Medicine, 2015

Background: Identifying the commonly prevailing health and nutritional disorders in school going ... more Background: Identifying the commonly prevailing health and nutritional disorders in school going children is essential to initiate appropriate public health measures. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study was designed to conduct a detail physical health assessment of children studying in class 1-8 (age-5-13 years) of 31 schools of Ahmedabad city, India between December 2011 and February 2012. Under the school health program of state government, medical history, height, weight and general physical examination findings, including dental and ophthalmic examination were recorded by qualified medical practitioners. Children with abnormal results were further investigated and treated by the subject experts. Result: Total 28,256 children were screened (boys-15,087 and girls-13,169). Mean weight and height of the children were 27.04 kg and 128.81 cm, respectively. Analysis of nutritional status of the cohort population as compared to body mass index standards revealed that 8319 (29.44%) children were underweight while only 221 (0.78%) children were either overweight or obese. The subgroup analysis of basic nutrition indices in children revealed prevalence of significant malnutrition (based on Indian Council of Medical Research standards) in children below 10 years of age. Commonly prevailing health disorders included worm infestation (42%), upper respiratory tract infection (36.39%), anemia (30.99%) dental caries (25.19%) and refractory errors (10.2%). Conclusions: Malnutrition and related health disorders are commonly prevailing childhood diseases in the urban community and can effectively be addressed by appropriate public health program.

IP International Journal of Maxillofacial Imaging, 2021

Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is a widely prevalent, premalignant condition which adversely affe... more Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is a widely prevalent, premalignant condition which adversely affects the quality of life of an individual and can warrant stringent surgical regimen for its treatment. An Elongated Styloid Process (ESP), if coexisting, can invariably impair the post-surgical mandatory physiotherapy necessary to maintain the mouth-opening achieved intraoperatively. To evaluate digital Orthopantomograms (OPGs) of patients having OSMF and to observe presentations of various combinations of calcification types and patterns of ESP in them. Patients with clinically diagnosed OSMF (Grade III and IV according to Khanna and Andrade 1995) were advised a digital OPG to measure and observe the ESP using the C.S. Imaging Software 7.0.3.The digitized OPGs were converted into KODAK large format prints and then ESP was measured starting from the point where it is visualized to leave the tympanic plate extending upto its tip and its myriad of combinations of calcification patterns wer...

Mouth opening is a clinical parameter, which we encounter routinely in our daily practice. Maxima... more Mouth opening is a clinical parameter, which we encounter routinely in our daily practice. Maximal mouth opening (MMO) has been defined as the maximal intercristal distance. [1] A known normal range of mouth opening is necessary to enable the clinician conduct a thorough oral examination conveniently. A reduced mouth opening capacity (MOC) may be one of the first clinical signs of pathological changes and traumatic conditions in the masticatory system. Early recognition of decreased or limited mouth opening is necessary for a prompt and efficient approach

cessation of habit but becomes gradually progressive adversely affecting the quality of life of t... more cessation of habit but becomes gradually progressive adversely affecting the quality of life of the individual. 6 Over and above that, chewing betel quid containing tobacco is a prime risk factor for occurrence of oral carcinoma, which is reflected by the fact that a patient having OSMF is 19.1 times more likely to be diagnosed with oral malignancy than the normal counterpart. 1,7,8 Hence, it becomes pivotal to emphasize the significance of prevention to combat its potentially malignant nature and silent Background With approximately 600 million people around the world actively engaged in the daily consumption of betel nut in its various formations, it is not surprising that betel nut is the fourth most consumed drug in the world. 1 The chewing of betel quid is accomplished by inserting a mixture of areca nut, slaked lime, catechu, and other condiments wrapped in a betel leaf in the buccal vestibule for 15 minutes to 1 hour and repeated five to six times a day. Owing to the continuous contact of the mixture with oral mucosa, the alkaloids and flavonoids become a source of constant irritation leading to chronic inflammation as the habit becomes persistent. 2 In conjunction to this juxtaepithelial inflammatory reaction, arecaidine and tannin present in the betel nut mixture increase the cross-linking of the fibers and obstruct collagenase activity leading to fibrosis and accompanying trismus. 2-4 This insidious, chronic, scarring condition, seen predominantly across the South Asian population is labeled as oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Reportedly, trismus is the primary cause of clinical presentation in 37.2-90.8% of the patients, but other symptoms such as burning sensations, recurrent ulcerations, and excessive salivation are also manifested in 14.2-25.9% of the patients. 1,5 Also alarmingly, more than often the subjects are younger, have shorter history of usage of tobacco products, and the disease process does not reverse on 1,3-6

Background: Trends in facial trauma are dynamic as evidenced by changes in the last two decades. ... more Background: Trends in facial trauma are dynamic as evidenced by changes in the last two decades. This retrospective study presents the results of a survey from March 2011 to March 2014 of 120 patients treated for fracture mandible at Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Department, AMC-MET Dental college &hospital ,Ahmedabad to access the current trends in the management of fracture mandible. The significance of these findings are bone plating by open reduction gives good results compared to other methods for management of fracture mandible as it has less chances of complications & it allows rehabilitation of patients.

Although this collagen metabolic disorder is insidious with an onset of 2-5 years duration, it ha... more Although this collagen metabolic disorder is insidious with an onset of 2-5 years duration, it has a significant rate of malignant conversion (7-30 %). 2,4 Dentists, being the first point of contact for the general population, have an important task in raising awareness, early detection and management of this dangerous condition. Inspite of having being continuously battled with over a duration of sixty years using numerous pharmacological and surgical ABSTRACT Oral submucous fibrosis is a widespread, premalignant disorder causing severe difficulty in mastication and speech. With high rate of malignant conversion, it demands aggressive surgical therapy followed by mandatory long-term physiotherapy. An elongated styloid process, if present, could pose a strong hindrance to movement of mandible, leading to complete relapse of trismus in such cases. The purpose of this report is to elaborate on such coexistence in patients having oral submucous fibrosis using digital orthopantomogram. 3 patients suspected to have an elongated styloid process were referred to maxillofacial surgical unit and diagnosed with grade 4A oral submucous fibrosis. Digital orthopantomogram revealed elongated styloid process which was measured using the C. S. imaging software 7.0.3. Consequently, patients were operated by a team of maxillofacial surgeons and otolaryngologists to relieve trismus and tonsillo-styloidectomy respectively. The measured lengths of the styloid process on digital orthopantomogram were considered elongated, if exceeding the normal length of 30 mm. The measured lengths of the styloid process were found to be at 52.7 mm, 50.1 mm and 57 mm on the right side and 51 mm, 46.8 mm and 37 mm on left side respectively in our cases. These elongated styloid processes observed in all three cases of submucous fibrosis indicates that progressive fibrosis may exert significant influence on the ossification of styloid complex. Hence, a routine preoperative screening in all patients of oral submucous fibrosis is imminent to avoid postoperative failure, pain or discomfort to the patient owing to an elongated styloid process.

Background: Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is a widely prevalent, premalignant condition which ad... more Background: Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is a widely prevalent, premalignant condition which adversely affects the quality of life of an individual and can warrant stringent surgical regimen for its treatment. An Elongated Styloid Process (ESP), if coexisting, can invariably impair the post-surgical mandatory physiotherapy necessary to maintain the mouth-opening achieved intraoperatively. Aims: To evaluate digital Orthopantomograms (OPGs) of patients having OSMF and to observe presentations of various combinations of calcification types and patterns of ESP in them. Settings and Design: Patients with clinically diagnosed OSMF (Grade III and IV according to Khanna and Andrade 1995) were advised a digital OPG to measure and observe the ESP using the C.S. Imaging Software 7.0.3. Materials and Methods: The digitized OPGs were converted into KODAK large format prints and then ESP was measured starting from the point where it is visualized to leave the tympanic plate extending upto its tip and its myriad of combinations of calcification patterns were recorded by a single observer. Results: The presence of unilateral and bilateral elongation along with the type and pattern of calcification was effectively noted using the C.S. Imaging Software 7.0.3. Visualization of various unique, varying patterns of ESP was noted. Sixteen such different radiological presentations were shown, captured through digital OPGs. Conclusion: An undetected ESP can prove to be detrimental for a patient who is recently treated for OSMF as it hinders efficient postoperative mouth opening exercises. This can easily be prevented by a simple maneuver of identifying the ESP on a digital OPG using computer aided software. The presence of assorted radiographic patterns in patients having OSMF indicate that extensive research should be directed to identify and categorize such patterns which do not conform to the past methods of classification. This study hints towards the existence of a scope to study the factors responsible for the occurrence of the varied combinations of calcification and thickness of the ESP and their clinical relevance.

Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by The Association of ... more Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by The Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons of India. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be self-archived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at link.springer.com".

MedKnow Publications, 2020

Introduction: Recently, initiation and enhancement of extraction socket healing has been amplifie... more Introduction: Recently, initiation and enhancement of extraction socket healing has been amplified by platelet concentrates, whereas the positive
role of Sticky bone has been focused on maintaining alveolar bone dimensions. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Sticky Bone
for socket grafting of mandibular third molars (M3Ms) in terms of soft- and hard-tissue healing. Materials and Methods: This split-mouth
prospective trial constituted prophylactic removal of M3Ms with Sticky bone grafted in the study site as a primary predictor variable. Patients
underwent 3 months of mandatory follow-up where pain, swelling, interincisal mouth opening, and gingival healing were measured on the
3rd, 7th, and 14th day using the Numeric Rating Scale, anatomic landmarks, steel metric ruler, and criteria given by Landry et al. respectively.
Radiological healing was calculated based on the height of the socket, Kelly’s Index, and histogram values immediately after the procedure
at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months, respectively. Statistical comparison was made using Paired t-test. P < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Forty‑seven patients (mean 26.83 ± 6.58 years) demonstrated significantly lesser pain, swelling, and better gingival healing at the
study site on multiple periods of follow-up. Rapid bone formation with superior density, lesser alveolar resorption, earlier bone blending, and
trabecular formation were noticed on the study site with a significant difference at all time intervals. Discussion: Sticky bone was chosen as
the graft owing to advantages such as simple preparation, convenient handling characteristics, safety, evident postoperative patient comfort,
better retention of the clot, enhanced soft-tissue healing, absence of infection, and decreased osseous deformation as compared to the control
site. This study validated the role of Sticky bone as an indispensable component of regenerative therapy in the orofacial osseous tissues as it
was an ideal biologic graft with fibrin rich structure. Conclusion: This study validated the role of Sticky bone as an indispensable component
of regenerative therapy in the orofacial osseous tissues as it was an ideal biologic graft with fibrin rich structure.

Mansa Publishers, 2017

Background: Since the implementation of directly observed treatment short (DOTS) program, the pre... more Background: Since the implementation of directly observed treatment short (DOTS) program, the prevalence, clinical profile,
and risk factors of pulmonary and non-pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) necessitating hospitalization in pediatric patients are not
evaluated extensively. Materials and Methods: We designed a prospective observational study to evaluate the clinical profile of
different types of TB in hospitalized children <12 years old. Different types of TB in children hospitalized from 1st January 2013
to 30th June 2014 were recorded. Detailed clinical history, clinical examination findings, diagnostic methods, and treatment of
these cases were analyzed by age groups and types of TB. Results: During the study period, 150 (2.8% of total admission) patients
with TB were admitted in our institute. 87 (58%) patients were <5 years old, and 92 (61.33%) children were male. 140 (93.33%)
children were malnourished. The clinical profile of TB included neuro TB in 78 (37.32%), pulmonary in 67 (32.05), abdominal
in 27 (12.91%), and disseminated in 27 (12.91%) patients. Less than half of children with neuro TB and disseminated TB were
immunized with Bacillus calmette-guerin (BCG). Conclusion: Despite aggressive DOTS implementation, the prevalence of TB,
particularly, non-pulmonary TB in children is quite alarming. All the variants of TB are prevalent in the children. The neuro TB and
the pulmonary TB dominate in the hospitalized cases. Younger age, lack of protection of BCG vaccination, and malnutrition are
the main risk factors in childhood TB.

Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, 2021

$Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of mandibular fractures: A 7-year retrospective study$

Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery, 2019

Turkish Journal of Oral and maxillofacial surgery, 2020

Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, 2021

Acta Scientific Otolaryngology, 2020

National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery, 2016

Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, 2016

Journal of Natural Science, Biology and Medicine, 2015

IP International Journal of Maxillofacial Imaging, 2021

MedKnow Publications, 2020

Mansa Publishers, 2017

Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, 2021