Joanna Dudzinska - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Joanna Dudzinska

Research paper thumbnail of Określenie tendencji rozwojowych brzegu na podstawie badań teledetekcyjnych

Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Morphodynamic Processes of the Swina Gate Coastal Zone Development (Southern Baltic Sea)

Coastal research library, 2017

Airborne photographs collected in 1938, 1951, 1973, 1996 and 2012 were used to determine the magn... more Airborne photographs collected in 1938, 1951, 1973, 1996 and 2012 were used to determine the magnitude and spatial distribution of changes of 17 km-long section of the Swina Gate sandy barrier coast (southern Baltic Sea). A dune base line (DBL), beach width (BW) and width of underwater bar zone (WUBZ) were compared and their interactions were determined. Unique in terms of the Polish southern Baltic Sea coasts, during period 1938–2012 Swina Gate was dominated by accumulation, expressed mainly by strong accretion of DBL and WUBZ. Morphodynamic processes were spatially and temporally diverse, even in neighboring, morphologically homogenous areas, referred to the rate of changes which ranged from 0.3 to 3.6 m/year. Two areas of different magnitude changes were distinguished. The largest accumulation was observed in the vicinity of Swina mouth (km 428–419) while from km 419 eastwards, the changes were distinctly smaller. For the periods 1938–1951 and 1996–2012, when the magnitude of growths in the DBL is bigger than 2 m/year, a correlation between DBL changes in relation to the coastline exposure, beach width, DBL elevation and beach slope is clearly visible. The greatest growths in the DBL were noticed on the coast with: NNE orientation; beach width exceeding 60 m; DBL elevation below 1.5 m a.s.l. or exceeding 4.5 m a.s.l.; inclination below 3°. The smallest changes in the DBL, ranging from −1 to +4 m/year were observed on the coast with: NW exposure; beach width below 60 m; DBL elevation between 1.5–4.5 m a.s.l.; inclination above 3°. Noticed high temporal and spatial variations of the coastal changes and character of dune-beach-underwater bar interaction, was correlated with the number of storm events, changes of water level and wave direction and hydrological constructions placement. Results confirms their strong influence to the coast behaviour.

Research paper thumbnail of Zastosowanie geoinformacji w analizie morskiej strefy brzegowej w Uniwersytecie Szczecińskim

Research paper thumbnail of Reconstruction of Coastline Changes by the Comparisons of Historical Maps at the Pomeranian Bay, Southern Baltic Sea

Coastline Changes of the Baltic Sea from South to East, 2017

Coastline changes are becoming an increasingly important topic along with continuously rising sea... more Coastline changes are becoming an increasingly important topic along with continuously rising sea level and an increase in extreme storm events. This holds at the southern Baltic Sea coast where eustatic change, glacio-isostatic land subsidence, and strong storms events cause at most parts a continuous coastal retreat. The coastline changes at the time scale of decadal to centennial are the long-term accumulative effect of climate forces, meanwhile anthropogenic influences have to be taken into consideration as well. From a set of historical maps covering almost 300 years, in particular the “Messtischblatt” maps (starting with 1829 AD) provide the condition to be geo-referenced for quantitative comparisons with modern Digital Elevation Models. The accuracy of these maps is quantified by using the Root Mean Square Error of spatial differences of fixed points between the modern aerial photographs and historical maps. A first-order polynomial transformation is chosen to geo-reference the maps. The comparisons between historical maps and the modern coastline derived from a Digital Elevation Model indicate that the coast can be subdivided into four zones (types) in terms of the trend of coastline changes: A continuously retreating (A-) or advancing coastline (A+); B relatively stable coastline (coastline changes are within the accuracy error bars); C anthropogenically influenced coastline changes; D randomly changing coastline. This classification is found to coincide with the mean coastline geodetic orientations and the gradient of alongshore sediment transport capacity. This remarkable coincidence confirms the reliability of the reconstructed coastline changes.

Research paper thumbnail of Modeling of long-term coastal morphodynamics of the Pomeranian Bight, southern Baltic Sea

A comparison between the historical maps at around 1900 AD and recent maps of the Pomeranian Bigh... more A comparison between the historical maps at around 1900 AD and recent maps of the Pomeranian Bight at the southern Baltic Sea indicates that a major part of the coast have been suffering continuous erosion during the last 100 years. Study of the long-term sediment dynamics along the coast thus needs to be intensified for a further understanding of the driving mechanisms to aid in designing concepts of coastal protection. A multi-scale hybrid morphodynamic model (BS-LTMM) has been developed to hindcast and to project the morphological evolution of a wave-dominated coast on a decadal-to-millennial scale driven by wind force, climate controlled sea level change and neo-tectonic movements. For a hindcast of the coastal morphological evolution a paleo-Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has to be reconstructed as a starting point in the model. Based on the Bruun concept and historical maps, a method for reconstruction of the paleo-DEM is elaborated, in which the sediment volume coincides with ...

Research paper thumbnail of Przydatność skanowania laserowego do badań strefy brzegowej południowego Bałtyku

Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of Współczesna ewolucja rzeźby wybrzeża Bałtyku Południowego

Współczesne przemiany rzeźby Polski, 2021

Ryc. 10.3. Wybrane odcinki brzegów klifowych polskiego wybrzeża. W budowie dominują utwory glacja... more Ryc. 10.3. Wybrane odcinki brzegów klifowych polskiego wybrzeża. W budowie dominują utwory glacjalne, fluwioglacjalne oraz fluwialne. Budowa geologiczna determinuje podatność klifów na czynniki niszczące. Odcinki piaszczyste są wyraźnie wycofane w głąb lądu (Wolin-Świdna Kępa) w stosunku do gliniastych tworzących strefy przylądkowe (Gdynia-Cypel Orłowski) (fot. M. Winowski)

Research paper thumbnail of The Dynamic Equilibrium Shore Model for the Reconstruction and Future Projection of Coastal Morphodynamics

Coastline Changes of the Baltic Sea from South to East, 2017

Sea level and coastline change are becoming increasingly important topics to the population livin... more Sea level and coastline change are becoming increasingly important topics to the population living along the edge of the world’s oceans and seas. This is the case at the southern Baltic Sea coast where climate change and glacio-isostatic response cause a relative sea-level rise of up to 2 mm/y and where storms events lead to continuous coastal retreat. There is an increasing need of numerical models applicable for reconstruction and future projection of coastal morphogenesis within the frame of coastal zone management and planning. By adopting a concept of dynamic equilibrium changes of coastal profiles and three dimensional generalization of the generalized Bruun concept, a quantitative model Dynamic Equilibrium Shore Model (DESM) is elaborated to study coastal morphogenesis including the reconstruction of the geological past and projection to future on the decadal to centennial time scale. The DESM model requires data of historical coastline configuration derived from maps, a high-resolution modern Digital Elevation Model (DEM), relative sea-level change data, and modelling data of long-shore sediment transport capacity. This model is applied in the study to three research areas of the southern Baltic Sea (Swina Gate, Łeba coast and Hel Peninsula). Their developments represent distinct examples of morphodynamics at wave dominated coast: formation of barrier islands, development of open coasts and processes at sandy spits. This study concentrates on areas in particular vulnerable to erosion and destruction due to their geological build-up, the glacio-isostatic subsidence and an exposure to the westerly and northern wind and storm tracks.

Research paper thumbnail of Wykorzystanie historycznych zdjęć lotniczych do analizy zmian brzegu na przykładzie fragmentu wybrzeża Zatoki Pomorskiej

Research paper thumbnail of What Determines the Change of Coastlines in the Baltic Sea?

Coastline Changes of the Baltic Sea from South to East, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Modeling paleogeographic scenarios of the last glacial cycle as a base for source-to-sink studies: An example from the northwestern shelf of the South China Sea

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2020

There are few data in the literature regarding the ability of surgical trainees and surgeons to c... more There are few data in the literature regarding the ability of surgical trainees and surgeons to correctly interpret intraoperative cholangiograms (IOCs) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of surgeons' interpretations of IOCs. Methods: Fifteen IOCs, depicting normal, variants of normal and abnormal anatomy, were sent electronically in random sequence to 20 surgical trainees and 20 consultant general surgeons. Information was also sought on the routine or selective use of IOC by respondents. Results: The accuracy of IOC interpretation was poor. Only nine surgeons and nine trainees correctly interpreted the cholangiograms showing normal anatomy. Six consultant surgeons and five trainees correctly identified variants of normal anatomy on cholangiograms. Abnormal anatomy on cholangiograms was identified correctly by 18 consultant surgeons and 19 trainees. Routine IOC was practised by seven consultants and six trainees. There was no significant difference between those who performed routine and selective IOC with respect to correct identification of normal, variant and abnormal anatomy. Conclusions: The present study shows that the accuracy of detection of both normal and variants of normal anatomy was poor in all grades of surgeon irrespective of a policy of routine or selective IOC. Improving operators' understanding of biliary anatomy may help to increase the diagnostic accuracy of IOC interpretation.

Research paper thumbnail of Morphogenesis of a late Pleistocene delta off the south-western Hainan Island unraveled by numerical modeling

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2020

A paleo-river delta off the southwestern (SW) Hainan Island has been identified based on seismic ... more A paleo-river delta off the southwestern (SW) Hainan Island has been identified based on seismic and core evidence. Dating results suggest its initial development in~65 kyr BP during a global sea level lowstand (~85 m below modern level) and termination in~56 kyr BP during a sea level highstand (~50 m below modern level). Analysis of the delta internal architecture indicated a dominant offshore transport pathway from the SW Hainan Island. In order to unravel possible driving mechanisms for morphogenesis of the delta, 3-Dimensional numerical modeling was applied to investigate oceanographic and morphodynamic scenarios corresponding to the initial delta development. Results indicate that sediment dynamics in the study area is controlled by a compound effect of monsoon-driven circulation, river plumes, tides and typhoons. Contribution of the Red River to the delta development is smaller than local rivers in SW Hainan due to a combined effect by regional circulation and tides which causes a detour of the buoyancy-driven plume around the delta, despite of its larger runoff and sediment discharge compared to those from the local rivers of Hainan. On the other hand, simulation results suggest at least ten-times higher sediment supply rate from SW Hainan during the developing phase of the river delta than the modern condition. Such enhanced sediment supply might be caused jointly by 1) increased local river runoff from SW Hainan, and 2) alongshore transport from eastern Hainan which was connected to the main land during the sea level lowstand.

Research paper thumbnail of Characterising the relaxation distance of nearshore submarine morphology: A southern Baltic Sea case study

Geomorphology, 2018

A method for defining the length of coast with alongshore uniformity of nearshore submarine morph... more A method for defining the length of coast with alongshore uniformity of nearshore submarine morphology is required in many shore-normal, nearshore profile modelling approaches. Here, we introduce a new variable, the 'relaxation distance', to describe the alongshore spacing between two adjacent shore-normal profiles characterised by distinct morphologies. Within this distance, alongshore morphological changes are too small to distinguish, so the nearshore submarine morphology is regarded as uniform along the coast. We apply a semi-variogram approach, which expresses decreased spatial correlation of the nearshore submarine morphology with alongshore distance, to quantify relaxation distances. We apply this morphological variable to analyse 225 measured shore-normal submarine profiles at 500 m intervals in three distinct sites of the tideless, wavedominated southern Baltic coast: Swina, Łeba, and Hel. The relaxation distances of these three sites are approximately 4500 m, 3000 m, and 2200 m. Of the three sites, Swina has the smoothest nearshore submarine morphology and the weakest wave energy. The relaxation distances of different quasi-straight segments at each site appear similar but those at different sites decrease with enlarged morphological perturbations, which are residuals resulting from detrending the shore-normal profiles. The standard deviations of these morphological perturbations are correlated with the incidence wave angles and wave energy. We also found that large perturbations (such as longshore bars and channels) have a significant impact on the estimation of underwater volume using shore-normal profile trends. Therefore, relaxation distance can indicate morphological smoothness, the length of shore-parallel uniform nearshore submarine morphology, and the impact of local processes on submarine morphology.

Research paper thumbnail of Modelling morphological changes of beach and dune induced by storm on the Southern Baltic coast using XBeach (case study: Dziwnow Spit)

Journal of Coastal Research, 2013

Modelling morphological changes of beach and dune induced by storm on the Southern Baltic coast

Research paper thumbnail of Volumetric changes of a soft cliff coast 2008–2012 based on DTM from airborne laser scanning (Wolin Island, southern Baltic Sea)

Journal of Coastal Research, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Practical Applicability and Preliminary Results of the Baltic Environmental Satellite Remote Sensing System (Satbałtyk)

Polish Maritime Research, 2015

The SatBałtyk (Satellite Monitoring of the Baltic Sea Environment) project is being realized in P... more The SatBałtyk (Satellite Monitoring of the Baltic Sea Environment) project is being realized in Poland by the SatBałtyk Scientific Consortium, specifically appointed for this purpose, which associates four scientific institutions: the Institute of Oceanology PAN in Sopot - coordinator of the project, the University of Gdańsk (Institute of Oceanography), the Pomeranian Academy in Słupsk (Institute of Physics) and the University of Szczecin (Institute of Marine Sciences). The project is aiming to prepare a technical infrastructure and set in motion operational procedures for the satellite monitoring of the Baltic Sea ecosystem. The main sources of input data for this system will be the results of systematic observations by metrological and environmental satellites such as TIROS N/NOAA, MSG (currently Meteosat 10), EOS/AQUA and Sentinel -1, 2, 3 (in the future). The system will deliver on a routine basis the variety of structural and functional properties of this sea, based on data pro...

Research paper thumbnail of Recording of selected effects and hazards caused by current and expected storm events in the Baltic Sea coastal zone

Journal of Coastal Research, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Coastline long-term changes of the selected area of the Pomeranian Bay

The main goal of the research was to define a coastal dynamic of the area where a longshore sedim... more The main goal of the research was to define a coastal dynamic of the area where a longshore sediment transport was broken, when a new artificial river mouth with jetties was created at the end of XIXth century. The coastline evolution was estimated on the base of aerial photographs taken in 1938, 1951, 1973 and 1996. Changes of dune base line position and their annual rates were analyzed for this period of time. The history of the coastal protection development was also analyzed. Application of aerial photographs for dune base line changes measurements gives possibility to find some regularities in coastline development. The location of the strongly eroded and more stable areas is very important for spatial planning, coastal protection and any other activities on the coast.

Research paper thumbnail of Polish Coastal Erosion Management. Case Studies

This paper presents a study of the coastal erosion management of two selected areas in Poland: th... more This paper presents a study of the coastal erosion management of two selected areas in Poland: the West Polish Coast – 50% dune coast and 50% cliff coast, and the Hel Spit – a sandy dune narrow spit. Present conditions of the coastal development such as geomorphologic and hydrometeorological characteristics of a regime of the South Baltic Sea were described. Existing coastal dynamic indicators were presented as annual rates of dune base or cliff food-line changes. Socio-economic characteristics of the investigated areas were described as a background of the policy option and the selection of protection measurements. The coastal protection activity was characterized for both investigated areas - the Hel Spit and for the Western Polish Coast. Locations of hard and soft measurements within investigated sections of the coast were presented. Investigations concerning morphodynamic processes were done on the basis of analysis of historical aerial photographs. All materials regarding prote...

Research paper thumbnail of Prediction of the coastal erosion -in a selected example

Intensive development of the coastal zone and permanent threat of the coastal erosion phenomena c... more Intensive development of the coastal zone and permanent threat of the coastal erosion phenomena caused necessity of the coastline changes prediction. Forecasting of the coastal changes, especially of the coastal erosion makes a real research problem concerning to the coastal zone. Prediction of the coastline changes is a very difficult process dependent on many factors, which are not enough get to know. Coastline changes prediction methods used around the world based on numerical spatial models like ex. GENESIS (HANSON ET KRAUS 1989) or analyses of the coastline profiles changes (HONEYCUTT ET ALL 2001, MILLS ET ALL 2005). Authors presented simplified method of the coastal changes prediction on the base of the remote sensing coastal erosion measurement on historical aerial photographs taken from 1951 to 1996 years. Area of the investigation is section of the cliff coast in Trzesacz situated in west Polish coast in Rewal Commune. There is a natural cliff coast, so far almost without h...

Research paper thumbnail of Określenie tendencji rozwojowych brzegu na podstawie badań teledetekcyjnych

Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Morphodynamic Processes of the Swina Gate Coastal Zone Development (Southern Baltic Sea)

Coastal research library, 2017

Airborne photographs collected in 1938, 1951, 1973, 1996 and 2012 were used to determine the magn... more Airborne photographs collected in 1938, 1951, 1973, 1996 and 2012 were used to determine the magnitude and spatial distribution of changes of 17 km-long section of the Swina Gate sandy barrier coast (southern Baltic Sea). A dune base line (DBL), beach width (BW) and width of underwater bar zone (WUBZ) were compared and their interactions were determined. Unique in terms of the Polish southern Baltic Sea coasts, during period 1938–2012 Swina Gate was dominated by accumulation, expressed mainly by strong accretion of DBL and WUBZ. Morphodynamic processes were spatially and temporally diverse, even in neighboring, morphologically homogenous areas, referred to the rate of changes which ranged from 0.3 to 3.6 m/year. Two areas of different magnitude changes were distinguished. The largest accumulation was observed in the vicinity of Swina mouth (km 428–419) while from km 419 eastwards, the changes were distinctly smaller. For the periods 1938–1951 and 1996–2012, when the magnitude of growths in the DBL is bigger than 2 m/year, a correlation between DBL changes in relation to the coastline exposure, beach width, DBL elevation and beach slope is clearly visible. The greatest growths in the DBL were noticed on the coast with: NNE orientation; beach width exceeding 60 m; DBL elevation below 1.5 m a.s.l. or exceeding 4.5 m a.s.l.; inclination below 3°. The smallest changes in the DBL, ranging from −1 to +4 m/year were observed on the coast with: NW exposure; beach width below 60 m; DBL elevation between 1.5–4.5 m a.s.l.; inclination above 3°. Noticed high temporal and spatial variations of the coastal changes and character of dune-beach-underwater bar interaction, was correlated with the number of storm events, changes of water level and wave direction and hydrological constructions placement. Results confirms their strong influence to the coast behaviour.

Research paper thumbnail of Zastosowanie geoinformacji w analizie morskiej strefy brzegowej w Uniwersytecie Szczecińskim

Research paper thumbnail of Reconstruction of Coastline Changes by the Comparisons of Historical Maps at the Pomeranian Bay, Southern Baltic Sea

Coastline Changes of the Baltic Sea from South to East, 2017

Coastline changes are becoming an increasingly important topic along with continuously rising sea... more Coastline changes are becoming an increasingly important topic along with continuously rising sea level and an increase in extreme storm events. This holds at the southern Baltic Sea coast where eustatic change, glacio-isostatic land subsidence, and strong storms events cause at most parts a continuous coastal retreat. The coastline changes at the time scale of decadal to centennial are the long-term accumulative effect of climate forces, meanwhile anthropogenic influences have to be taken into consideration as well. From a set of historical maps covering almost 300 years, in particular the “Messtischblatt” maps (starting with 1829 AD) provide the condition to be geo-referenced for quantitative comparisons with modern Digital Elevation Models. The accuracy of these maps is quantified by using the Root Mean Square Error of spatial differences of fixed points between the modern aerial photographs and historical maps. A first-order polynomial transformation is chosen to geo-reference the maps. The comparisons between historical maps and the modern coastline derived from a Digital Elevation Model indicate that the coast can be subdivided into four zones (types) in terms of the trend of coastline changes: A continuously retreating (A-) or advancing coastline (A+); B relatively stable coastline (coastline changes are within the accuracy error bars); C anthropogenically influenced coastline changes; D randomly changing coastline. This classification is found to coincide with the mean coastline geodetic orientations and the gradient of alongshore sediment transport capacity. This remarkable coincidence confirms the reliability of the reconstructed coastline changes.

Research paper thumbnail of Modeling of long-term coastal morphodynamics of the Pomeranian Bight, southern Baltic Sea

A comparison between the historical maps at around 1900 AD and recent maps of the Pomeranian Bigh... more A comparison between the historical maps at around 1900 AD and recent maps of the Pomeranian Bight at the southern Baltic Sea indicates that a major part of the coast have been suffering continuous erosion during the last 100 years. Study of the long-term sediment dynamics along the coast thus needs to be intensified for a further understanding of the driving mechanisms to aid in designing concepts of coastal protection. A multi-scale hybrid morphodynamic model (BS-LTMM) has been developed to hindcast and to project the morphological evolution of a wave-dominated coast on a decadal-to-millennial scale driven by wind force, climate controlled sea level change and neo-tectonic movements. For a hindcast of the coastal morphological evolution a paleo-Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has to be reconstructed as a starting point in the model. Based on the Bruun concept and historical maps, a method for reconstruction of the paleo-DEM is elaborated, in which the sediment volume coincides with ...

Research paper thumbnail of Przydatność skanowania laserowego do badań strefy brzegowej południowego Bałtyku

Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of Współczesna ewolucja rzeźby wybrzeża Bałtyku Południowego

Współczesne przemiany rzeźby Polski, 2021

Ryc. 10.3. Wybrane odcinki brzegów klifowych polskiego wybrzeża. W budowie dominują utwory glacja... more Ryc. 10.3. Wybrane odcinki brzegów klifowych polskiego wybrzeża. W budowie dominują utwory glacjalne, fluwioglacjalne oraz fluwialne. Budowa geologiczna determinuje podatność klifów na czynniki niszczące. Odcinki piaszczyste są wyraźnie wycofane w głąb lądu (Wolin-Świdna Kępa) w stosunku do gliniastych tworzących strefy przylądkowe (Gdynia-Cypel Orłowski) (fot. M. Winowski)

Research paper thumbnail of The Dynamic Equilibrium Shore Model for the Reconstruction and Future Projection of Coastal Morphodynamics

Coastline Changes of the Baltic Sea from South to East, 2017

Sea level and coastline change are becoming increasingly important topics to the population livin... more Sea level and coastline change are becoming increasingly important topics to the population living along the edge of the world’s oceans and seas. This is the case at the southern Baltic Sea coast where climate change and glacio-isostatic response cause a relative sea-level rise of up to 2 mm/y and where storms events lead to continuous coastal retreat. There is an increasing need of numerical models applicable for reconstruction and future projection of coastal morphogenesis within the frame of coastal zone management and planning. By adopting a concept of dynamic equilibrium changes of coastal profiles and three dimensional generalization of the generalized Bruun concept, a quantitative model Dynamic Equilibrium Shore Model (DESM) is elaborated to study coastal morphogenesis including the reconstruction of the geological past and projection to future on the decadal to centennial time scale. The DESM model requires data of historical coastline configuration derived from maps, a high-resolution modern Digital Elevation Model (DEM), relative sea-level change data, and modelling data of long-shore sediment transport capacity. This model is applied in the study to three research areas of the southern Baltic Sea (Swina Gate, Łeba coast and Hel Peninsula). Their developments represent distinct examples of morphodynamics at wave dominated coast: formation of barrier islands, development of open coasts and processes at sandy spits. This study concentrates on areas in particular vulnerable to erosion and destruction due to their geological build-up, the glacio-isostatic subsidence and an exposure to the westerly and northern wind and storm tracks.

Research paper thumbnail of Wykorzystanie historycznych zdjęć lotniczych do analizy zmian brzegu na przykładzie fragmentu wybrzeża Zatoki Pomorskiej

Research paper thumbnail of What Determines the Change of Coastlines in the Baltic Sea?

Coastline Changes of the Baltic Sea from South to East, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Modeling paleogeographic scenarios of the last glacial cycle as a base for source-to-sink studies: An example from the northwestern shelf of the South China Sea

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2020

There are few data in the literature regarding the ability of surgical trainees and surgeons to c... more There are few data in the literature regarding the ability of surgical trainees and surgeons to correctly interpret intraoperative cholangiograms (IOCs) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of surgeons' interpretations of IOCs. Methods: Fifteen IOCs, depicting normal, variants of normal and abnormal anatomy, were sent electronically in random sequence to 20 surgical trainees and 20 consultant general surgeons. Information was also sought on the routine or selective use of IOC by respondents. Results: The accuracy of IOC interpretation was poor. Only nine surgeons and nine trainees correctly interpreted the cholangiograms showing normal anatomy. Six consultant surgeons and five trainees correctly identified variants of normal anatomy on cholangiograms. Abnormal anatomy on cholangiograms was identified correctly by 18 consultant surgeons and 19 trainees. Routine IOC was practised by seven consultants and six trainees. There was no significant difference between those who performed routine and selective IOC with respect to correct identification of normal, variant and abnormal anatomy. Conclusions: The present study shows that the accuracy of detection of both normal and variants of normal anatomy was poor in all grades of surgeon irrespective of a policy of routine or selective IOC. Improving operators' understanding of biliary anatomy may help to increase the diagnostic accuracy of IOC interpretation.

Research paper thumbnail of Morphogenesis of a late Pleistocene delta off the south-western Hainan Island unraveled by numerical modeling

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2020

A paleo-river delta off the southwestern (SW) Hainan Island has been identified based on seismic ... more A paleo-river delta off the southwestern (SW) Hainan Island has been identified based on seismic and core evidence. Dating results suggest its initial development in~65 kyr BP during a global sea level lowstand (~85 m below modern level) and termination in~56 kyr BP during a sea level highstand (~50 m below modern level). Analysis of the delta internal architecture indicated a dominant offshore transport pathway from the SW Hainan Island. In order to unravel possible driving mechanisms for morphogenesis of the delta, 3-Dimensional numerical modeling was applied to investigate oceanographic and morphodynamic scenarios corresponding to the initial delta development. Results indicate that sediment dynamics in the study area is controlled by a compound effect of monsoon-driven circulation, river plumes, tides and typhoons. Contribution of the Red River to the delta development is smaller than local rivers in SW Hainan due to a combined effect by regional circulation and tides which causes a detour of the buoyancy-driven plume around the delta, despite of its larger runoff and sediment discharge compared to those from the local rivers of Hainan. On the other hand, simulation results suggest at least ten-times higher sediment supply rate from SW Hainan during the developing phase of the river delta than the modern condition. Such enhanced sediment supply might be caused jointly by 1) increased local river runoff from SW Hainan, and 2) alongshore transport from eastern Hainan which was connected to the main land during the sea level lowstand.

Research paper thumbnail of Characterising the relaxation distance of nearshore submarine morphology: A southern Baltic Sea case study

Geomorphology, 2018

A method for defining the length of coast with alongshore uniformity of nearshore submarine morph... more A method for defining the length of coast with alongshore uniformity of nearshore submarine morphology is required in many shore-normal, nearshore profile modelling approaches. Here, we introduce a new variable, the 'relaxation distance', to describe the alongshore spacing between two adjacent shore-normal profiles characterised by distinct morphologies. Within this distance, alongshore morphological changes are too small to distinguish, so the nearshore submarine morphology is regarded as uniform along the coast. We apply a semi-variogram approach, which expresses decreased spatial correlation of the nearshore submarine morphology with alongshore distance, to quantify relaxation distances. We apply this morphological variable to analyse 225 measured shore-normal submarine profiles at 500 m intervals in three distinct sites of the tideless, wavedominated southern Baltic coast: Swina, Łeba, and Hel. The relaxation distances of these three sites are approximately 4500 m, 3000 m, and 2200 m. Of the three sites, Swina has the smoothest nearshore submarine morphology and the weakest wave energy. The relaxation distances of different quasi-straight segments at each site appear similar but those at different sites decrease with enlarged morphological perturbations, which are residuals resulting from detrending the shore-normal profiles. The standard deviations of these morphological perturbations are correlated with the incidence wave angles and wave energy. We also found that large perturbations (such as longshore bars and channels) have a significant impact on the estimation of underwater volume using shore-normal profile trends. Therefore, relaxation distance can indicate morphological smoothness, the length of shore-parallel uniform nearshore submarine morphology, and the impact of local processes on submarine morphology.

Research paper thumbnail of Modelling morphological changes of beach and dune induced by storm on the Southern Baltic coast using XBeach (case study: Dziwnow Spit)

Journal of Coastal Research, 2013

Modelling morphological changes of beach and dune induced by storm on the Southern Baltic coast

Research paper thumbnail of Volumetric changes of a soft cliff coast 2008–2012 based on DTM from airborne laser scanning (Wolin Island, southern Baltic Sea)

Journal of Coastal Research, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Practical Applicability and Preliminary Results of the Baltic Environmental Satellite Remote Sensing System (Satbałtyk)

Polish Maritime Research, 2015

The SatBałtyk (Satellite Monitoring of the Baltic Sea Environment) project is being realized in P... more The SatBałtyk (Satellite Monitoring of the Baltic Sea Environment) project is being realized in Poland by the SatBałtyk Scientific Consortium, specifically appointed for this purpose, which associates four scientific institutions: the Institute of Oceanology PAN in Sopot - coordinator of the project, the University of Gdańsk (Institute of Oceanography), the Pomeranian Academy in Słupsk (Institute of Physics) and the University of Szczecin (Institute of Marine Sciences). The project is aiming to prepare a technical infrastructure and set in motion operational procedures for the satellite monitoring of the Baltic Sea ecosystem. The main sources of input data for this system will be the results of systematic observations by metrological and environmental satellites such as TIROS N/NOAA, MSG (currently Meteosat 10), EOS/AQUA and Sentinel -1, 2, 3 (in the future). The system will deliver on a routine basis the variety of structural and functional properties of this sea, based on data pro...

Research paper thumbnail of Recording of selected effects and hazards caused by current and expected storm events in the Baltic Sea coastal zone

Journal of Coastal Research, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Coastline long-term changes of the selected area of the Pomeranian Bay

The main goal of the research was to define a coastal dynamic of the area where a longshore sedim... more The main goal of the research was to define a coastal dynamic of the area where a longshore sediment transport was broken, when a new artificial river mouth with jetties was created at the end of XIXth century. The coastline evolution was estimated on the base of aerial photographs taken in 1938, 1951, 1973 and 1996. Changes of dune base line position and their annual rates were analyzed for this period of time. The history of the coastal protection development was also analyzed. Application of aerial photographs for dune base line changes measurements gives possibility to find some regularities in coastline development. The location of the strongly eroded and more stable areas is very important for spatial planning, coastal protection and any other activities on the coast.

Research paper thumbnail of Polish Coastal Erosion Management. Case Studies

This paper presents a study of the coastal erosion management of two selected areas in Poland: th... more This paper presents a study of the coastal erosion management of two selected areas in Poland: the West Polish Coast – 50% dune coast and 50% cliff coast, and the Hel Spit – a sandy dune narrow spit. Present conditions of the coastal development such as geomorphologic and hydrometeorological characteristics of a regime of the South Baltic Sea were described. Existing coastal dynamic indicators were presented as annual rates of dune base or cliff food-line changes. Socio-economic characteristics of the investigated areas were described as a background of the policy option and the selection of protection measurements. The coastal protection activity was characterized for both investigated areas - the Hel Spit and for the Western Polish Coast. Locations of hard and soft measurements within investigated sections of the coast were presented. Investigations concerning morphodynamic processes were done on the basis of analysis of historical aerial photographs. All materials regarding prote...

Research paper thumbnail of Prediction of the coastal erosion -in a selected example

Intensive development of the coastal zone and permanent threat of the coastal erosion phenomena c... more Intensive development of the coastal zone and permanent threat of the coastal erosion phenomena caused necessity of the coastline changes prediction. Forecasting of the coastal changes, especially of the coastal erosion makes a real research problem concerning to the coastal zone. Prediction of the coastline changes is a very difficult process dependent on many factors, which are not enough get to know. Coastline changes prediction methods used around the world based on numerical spatial models like ex. GENESIS (HANSON ET KRAUS 1989) or analyses of the coastline profiles changes (HONEYCUTT ET ALL 2001, MILLS ET ALL 2005). Authors presented simplified method of the coastal changes prediction on the base of the remote sensing coastal erosion measurement on historical aerial photographs taken from 1951 to 1996 years. Area of the investigation is section of the cliff coast in Trzesacz situated in west Polish coast in Rewal Commune. There is a natural cliff coast, so far almost without h...