Elsa Dinsdale - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Elsa Dinsdale

Previous studies showed that early exposure to soy isoflavones resulted in improved bone mineral ... more Previous studies showed that early exposure to soy isoflavones resulted in improved bone mineral density (BMD) and bone quality that resulted in stronger bones in CD-1 mice. This study investigated whether the benefits to bone health are transferred to second generation (F2) females and if there are any adverse effects on reproductive health. First generation (F1) female CD-1 mice received subcutaneous injections of the isoflavones daidzein (DAI) and genistein (GEN) or corn oil from postnatal day (PND) 1 to 10 or 21. F1 and F2 treatedfemales experienced earlier pubertal onset and lengthened anogenital distance but only F1 had reduced fertility, histological abnormalities in the uterus and ovaries, and altered estrous cycling. F2 had higher BMD and stronger bones at 4 months of age. In conclusion, early life exposure to soy isoflavones compromise reproductive function but confer a transgenerational benefit to bone development in CD-1 mice.

Nutritional Influences on Bone Health, 2016

Diet during early life can set a lifelong trajectory for better bone health and is termed ‘nutrit... more Diet during early life can set a lifelong trajectory for better bone health and is termed ‘nutritional programming’. Using the CD-1 mouse model, exposure to soy isoflavones during neonatal life resulted in higher bone mineral density, improved bone structure, and greater bone strength of femurs and lumbar spine, and protected against ovariectomy-induced bone loss. The objective of this study was to determine if there are transgenerational benefits of isoflavones to bone health. Benefits to bone structure at femur neck but not at the femur midpoint, distal femur and LV3 were transferred to offspring. Understanding the mechanisms of this transgenerational inheritance requires further study.

International journal of environmental research and public health, 2016

Over the past decade, our research group has characterized and used a mouse model to demonstrate ... more Over the past decade, our research group has characterized and used a mouse model to demonstrate that "nutritional programming" of bone development occurs when mice receive soy isoflavones (ISO) during the first days of life. Nutritional programming of bone development can be defined as the ability for diet during early life to set a trajectory for better or compromised bone health at adulthood. We have shown that CD-1 mice exposed to soy ISO during early neonatal life have higher bone mineral density (BMD) and greater trabecular inter-connectivity in long bones and lumbar spine at young adulthood. These skeletal sites also withstand greater forces before fracture. Because the chemical structure of ISO resembles that of 17-β-estradiol and can bind to estrogen receptors in reproductive tissues, it was prudent to expand analyses to include measures of reproductive health. This review highlights aspects of our studies in CD-1 mice to understand the early life programming effe...

The Faseb Journal, Apr 1, 2011

Nutrients, 2010

Soy isoflavones are phytoestrogens with potential hormonal activity due to their similar chemical... more Soy isoflavones are phytoestrogens with potential hormonal activity due to their similar chemical structure to 17-β-estradiol. The increasing availability of soy isoflavones throughout the food supply and through use of supplements has prompted extensive research on biological benefits to humans in chronic disease prevention and health maintenance. While much of this research has focused on adult populations, infants fed soy protein based infant formulas are exposed to substantial levels of soy isoflavones, even when compared to adult populations that consume a higher quantity of soy-based foods. Infant exposure, through soy formula, primarily occurs from birth to one year of life, a stage of development that is particularly sensitive to dietary and environmental compounds. This has led investigators to study the potential hormonal effects of soy isoflavones on later reproductive health outcomes. Such studies have included minimal human data with the large majority of studies using animal models. This review discusses key aspects of the current human and animal studies and identifies critical areas to be investigated as there is no clear consensus in this research field.

Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, 2012

Exposure to isoflavones (ISO), abundant in soy protein infant formula, for the first 5 days of li... more Exposure to isoflavones (ISO), abundant in soy protein infant formula, for the first 5 days of life results in higher bone mineral density (BMD), greater trabecular connectivity and higher peak load of lumbar vertebrae (LV) at adulthood. The effect of lengthening the duration of exposure to ISO on bone development has not been studied. This study determined if providing ISO for the first 21 days of life, which more closely mimics the duration that infants are fed soy protein formula, results in higher BMD, improved bone structure and greater strength in femurs and LV than a 5-day protocol. Female CD-1 mice were randomized to subcutaneous injections of ISO (7 mg/kg body weight/day) or corn oil from postnatal day 1 to 21. BMD, structure and strength were measured at the femur and LV at 4 months of age, representing young adulthood. At the LV, exposure to ISO resulted in higher (P < 0.05) BMD, trabecular connectivity and peak load compared with control (CON). Exposure to ISO also re...

British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2017

Background Up to date patient data is a cornerstone of optimal safety and care, so admission to h... more Background Up to date patient data is a cornerstone of optimal safety and care, so admission to hospital requires transfer of data held in the community to secondary care. Despite the advent of electronic medical record systems such as Connecting Care and EMIS, the telephone remains the mainstay of communication. Methods A prospective cross-sectional quality improvement project was conducted to assess the time taken in telephone communication between primary and secondary care doctors and determine if access to the electronic shared system, Connecting Care, would improve efficiency. As part of normal junior doctor activity, fifty GPs were contacted between September 2015 and February 2016 to obtain medical data on patients admitted to UH Bristol. Time taken to contact each GP and the duration of the conversation was recorded. One hundred patient records were accessed using Connecting Care between October 2015 and February 2016 and the length of time taken to access information docum...

Acta Paediatrica, 2015

Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this ... more Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of intestinal failure (IF), morbidity and mortality following NEC. We performed a retrospective study of all neonates treated for NEC stage II or greater at a tertiary referral NICU between 2000 and 2009. Demographic data, need for surgery, residual bowel length and rates of bacteraemia, cholestasis, IF and mortality were analysed. During the 10-year period, 301 patients were referred with NEC and 152 had surgical intervention. Overall mortality was 32%. Of the 230 infants who survived &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;42 days, 97 (42%) had IF at 42 days, decreasing to 15% at &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;90 days. The rate of IF was significantly higher in the surgical group than the medical group (OR 2.04, 95% CI, 1.25 - 3.35, p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.004), but 23% of the medically treated infants with NEC also developed IF. There was a significant relationship between IF and gram-negative bacteraemia, the need for surgery, cholestasis, liver failure and mortality. Intestinal failure occurred in a significant proportion of infants with NEC. Predictors for IF among infants with NEC were low birth weight, low gestational age, need for surgical intervention and gram-negative bacteraemia. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sep 11, 2021

Context Vitamin D has been linked with glucose and lipid metabolism. Men with impaired gonadal fu... more Context Vitamin D has been linked with glucose and lipid metabolism. Men with impaired gonadal function have a higher risk of metabolic syndrome and mortality, and vitamin D status may be a reversible modulator. Objective Determine the effect of daily vitamin D and calcium supplementation for 150 days on glucose and lipid homeostasis in infertile men. Design A single-center, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial (NCT01304927), 307 infertile men were randomized (1:1) to a single dose of 300,000 IU cholecalciferol followed by 1,400 IU cholecalciferol + 500 mg of calcium daily (n=151) or placebo (n=156) for 150 days. Reported metabolic parameters including fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, fasting serum insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting plasma cholesterols and triglyceride were secondary endpoints. The primary endpoint semen quality has previously been reported. Results Men receiving vitamin D supplementation improved their vitamin D status, while vitamin D status was aggravated in the placebo group characterized by higher serum parathyroid hormone (PTH). At end of trial, men receiving vitamin D supplementation had 13% lower fasting serum insulin concentrations compared with the placebo-treated group (65 vs. 74 pmol/L, P = 0.018) and 19% lower HOMA-IR (2.2 vs. 2.7, P = 0.025). Moreover, men in the vitamin D group had higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels (1.38 vs. 1.32 mmol/L, P = 0.008) compared with the placebo group. Conclusion High-dose vitamin D supplementation had beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis and HDL cholesterol levels in infertile men.

Journal of Nutrition, 2011

Soy-based infant formula (SBIF) can be a substantial source of soy isoflavones during early life.... more Soy-based infant formula (SBIF) can be a substantial source of soy isoflavones during early life. Because soy isoflavones have the capacity to mimic endogenous estrogen and thereby exert hormone-like effects, there is concern regarding reproductive health. The objectives were to determine if neonatal exposure to soy isoflavones altered reproductive health in females and, if so, whether such effects are transferred to subsequent generations. CD-1 mice were bred and F1 mouse offspring were cross-fostered at birth and randomized to 1 of 4 treatments: 7 mg soy isoflavones · kg body weight(-1) · d(-1) or corn oil from postnatal d (PND) 1 to 10 or from PND 1 to 21 (n = 8-13 females/group). Mice were subsequently bred to control males on PND 56 to obtain F2 females (n = 10-15/group). F1 mice that received isoflavones had ~15% greater body weight during wk 4-8 and markedly reduced fertility with a 55-60% success rate. Reduced fertility was associated with abnormal estrus cycles, fewer corpora lutea in ovaries, and increased incidence of hyperplasia and atypia in the uteri. Offspring (F2 mice) of isoflavone-treated F1 mice had ~15% higher body weight by wk 8 through 16 of age than controls and fertility was normal. In summary, early exposure to soy isoflavones resulting in serum isoflavone concentrations similar to human infants fed SBIF reduced fertility in F1 but not F2 mice and increased body weight in both generations of female offspring. Extrapolation of these findings to the human scenario are complex but can provide guidance for more fully understanding the implications for infants consuming SBIF.