Farah Gul - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Farah Gul

Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research, Feb 21, 2012

In the present study crude methanolic extract and various fractions (n-Hexane, chloroform, ethyl ... more In the present study crude methanolic extract and various fractions (n-Hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and aqueous) of Strobilanthes urticifolia Wall.ex Kuntze were used to investigate its antifungal and phytotoxic properties. Antifungal assay was carried out against seven pathogenic fungal strains (Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporium, Triticum harzianum, Rhizopus stolonifera, Alternaria solani, Candida albicans, Microsporum canis) using tube dilution method. The crude methanolic extract and various fractions showed low to good activities against the fungal strains while only aqueous fraction showed significant activity against Candida albicans. Phytotoxic assay was used to investigate the phytotoxic property of the plant extracts against the Lemna minor at different concentrations (10,100 and 1000 µg/ ml) and showed highest phytotoxic activity at the concentration of 1000 µg/ml. The results obtained from in vitro studies of antifungal and phytotoxic activities clearly inferred...

Background: Asthma is fast spreading disease among the people in Pak... more Background: Asthma is fast spreading disease among the people in Pakistan. Basic aim of study was to observe current prevalence and prescribing pattern of anti-asthmatic drugs in Tertiary Care hospitals of Lahore. Methodology: A questionnaire based study was conducted from July to August 2017 in different Tertiary Care hospitals. 250 patients of asthma were selected by convenient random sampling. A questionnaire was designed and data collected was analyzed and results were represented in the form of graphs and tables. Results: Results showed that mostly prescribed medicines are 24% xanthine derivatives, 23% leukotriene modifiers, 23% corticosteriods used as combined inhalers with long acting β2-agonist, 15% bronchodilators, 9% anti-cholinergics and 6% corticosteroids. Prescriptions were prescribed by brand names. 7% Therapeutic duplication and 75% Polypharmacy was evaluated. Drugs prescribed per prescription were 2 drugs in 4%, 3 drugs in 20%, 4 drugs in 41%, 5 drugs in 19%, 6 drugs in 11%, 7 drugs in 2% and 8 drugs in 3% of prescriptions. 18.4% were children and the ratio of females 76.8% was greater that of males 23.2%. 75% patient compliance was observed. Conclusion: Preventive therapies used for asthma treatment were satisfactory but the pharmacist role was negligible..

The current project was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of crude extract of H... more The current project was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of crude extract of Heliotropium strigosum and its subsequent solvent fractions in post carrageenan-induced edema and post xylene-induced ear edema at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg intraperitoneally. The results revealed marked attenuation of edema induced by carrageenan injection in a dose-dependent manner. The ethyl acetate fraction was most dominant with 73.33 % inhibition followed by hexane fraction (70.66%). When the extracts were challenged against xylene-induced ear edema, again ethyl acetate and hexane fractions were most impressive with 38.21 and 35.77 % inhi-bition, respectively. It is concluded that various extracts of H. strigosum possessed strong anti-inflammatory activity in animal models.

West Indian Medical Journal, 2016

Objective: In order to scientifically validate the folk uses, extracts of aerial parts of Gymnosp... more Objective: In order to scientifically validate the folk uses, extracts of aerial parts of Gymnosporia royleana were screened for in-vivo antidiarrheal and analgesic activity and in-vitro pediculicidal activity. Methods: Methanol extract of aerial parts of Gymnosporia royleana (GR) was screened for in-vivo antidiarrheal activity in wistar rats using castor oil induced diarrhea model, and for analgesic activity using acetic acid induced writhing and hot plat induced pain models in mice. Methanol extract and its various solvent fractions were also screened for in-vitro pediculicidal activity using human head lice. Results: In antidiarrheal assay, GR extract showed a considerable reduction in the number of wet feces as well as total number of feces in a dose dependent fashion. GR extract produced 26.55%, 77.60% and 84.06% inhibition of diarrhea at doses of 100 mg/Kg, 200 mg/Kg and 400 mg/Kg body weight. In acetic acid induced writhings model, the extract demonstrated the dose dependent ...

Joshanda, a polyherbal product is commonly used to treat inflammation of the mucous membranes of ... more Joshanda, a polyherbal product is commonly used to treat inflammation of the mucous membranes of nose and air passages. The current study was planned to evaluate the antiinflammatory and antioxidant activity of Decoction of Joshanda (DJ). DJ was challenged in carrageenan induced paw edema and cotton pellets induced granuloma at 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg i.p. for its antiinflammtory profile. However, for its antioxidant activity, DDPH free radical scavenging test was used. DJ manifested marked attenuation of edema (56%) induced by carrageenan, at 300 mg/kg after 4 th hour of administration. In cotton pellet induced granuloma, DJ exhibited profound reduction in granuloma formation which was 52.74% at 300 mg/kg i.p. respectively. When tested against lipoxygenase, DJ illustrated profound inhibition (55% at 100 µg/ml) in a concentration dependent manner. Against DDPH free radical, DJ elicited prominent scavenging activity (58%) and thus strongly harmonized the antiinflammatory activity. Our...

In this study heat transfer effects on cilia induced mucus flow in human airways is presented. Th... more In this study heat transfer effects on cilia induced mucus flow in human airways is presented. The elliptic wave pattern of cilia tips produces metachronal wave which enables the transportation of highly viscous mucus with nonzero inertial forces. Upper Convective Maxwell model is considered as mucus. The governing partial differential equations are transformed from the fixed frame to the wave frame by using Galilean transformation and viscous dissipation is also incorporated in the energy equation. The non-linear governing equations are evaluated by the perturbation technique by using software “MATHEMATICA” and pressure rise is computed by numerical integration. The impact of interested parameters on temperature profile, velocity, pressure rise and pressure gradient are plotted by the graphs. The comparison of velocities due to symplectic and antiplectic metachronal wave are also achieved graphically.

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 2020

This study was undertaken at the experimental fields of SCRI, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan... more This study was undertaken at the experimental fields of SCRI, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan during the spring cropping season of 2010-11. Sixteen sugarcane genotypes i.e., MS91CP272, MS94CP15, MS91CP238, MS92CP979, MS99HO391, S97CP288, MS99HO317, RS97N45, MS99HO388, MS99HO675, MS99HO93, S96SP1215, Hoth127, CP89831, Mardan 93 and CP77400 were used in this study. These genotypes represented diverse collection from sugarcane breeding stations including USA, South Africa and Brazil. The aim of the study was to characterize these genotypes on the basis of morphological traits including cane height, cane color, hardness, thickness, leaf color, attitude, leaf shape, ligule size, dewlap color, pith, bud shape, lodging, streaks, wax, tillering, pubescence, growth, maturity, tops and trash. The cluster analysis divided 16 sugarcane genotypes into four different clusters at Euclidean distance of 4.99. Pair wise Euclidean distance ranged from 2.30 to 7.43. The highest Euclidean distance w...

Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2012

In the present study, Viola betonicifolia (whole plant) and solvent fractions obtained thereof we... more In the present study, Viola betonicifolia (whole plant) and solvent fractions obtained thereof were evaluated for various micronutrients such as lead, copper, chromium, iron, nickel, zinc, cadmium, cobalt and macronutrients such as sodium, potassium and calcium using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and flame photometry respectively. It was observed that cobalt and cadmium were not detectible in tested samples while remaining nutrients were present in variable concentrations. The concentrations of all metals were compared with the recommended limits for plants and the daily consumption of all the nutrients were calculated on the basis of dose (15 g/70 kg/day or 214 mg/Kg body weight) prescribed by hakims in their practice. The concentration of chromium was far beyond the recommended limits in almost all the samples. Proximate analysis was carried out in the powdered form of the plant. Viola betonicifolia appeared as a good source of life essential nutrients like fats (18.70%), pr...

clinically measured as Body Mass Index (BMI). Serum leptin level represents as a marker of adipos... more clinically measured as Body Mass Index (BMI). Serum leptin level represents as a marker of adipose (4) tissue and in turn of increased BMI. Relationship of serum leptin with age was also established in many

Objective: To determine patient preferences for doctor attire in a tertiary care hospital of Isla... more Objective: To determine patient preferences for doctor attire in a tertiary care hospital of Islamabad, Pakistan. Methodology: Using a cross-sectional study design, a total of 120 participants were selected using systematic random sampling from Shifa Falahi clinic, Shifa International hospital, Islamabad. An interview based pre-tested semi structured questionnaire consisting of both open and close ended questions was used for data collection. Data were analysed using SPSS version 23. Results: Out of 120 patients, 89 (74.2%) were female and 31 (25.8%) male. Out of these, 115 (95.8%) preferred white coats and name tags on them. Around 95 (79.1%) believed that doctors clothing was important to generate respect from patients while 74 (61.7%) stated that it affects their decision to be treated by them. The most preferred attire for male doctors was western attire with white coat (48.3%) and the most desired attire for female doctors was national attire with white coat (40%). Conclusion: ...

Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications, 2021

To prevent the respiratory diseases in an air ways, a defense mechanism based on mucus transport ... more To prevent the respiratory diseases in an air ways, a defense mechanism based on mucus transport by the moving cilia plays an important role. The mucus transport is affected by the thermal radiation, chemical reaction that changes the physics of fluid due to nanoparticles and thickness of mucus, also different problems in respiratory tract may occur due to the mucus efficacy. In this study, it is observed that the mucus transport can be controlled by the magnetic field that is produced by the drug delivery of nanoparticles, thermal radiation due to temperature difference, porous medium due to respiratory infection, and diffusion of the nanoparticles (chemical reaction) due to the magnetic drug delivery. In this model, flow of Jeffrey nanofluid through the ciliated tube resembles with the mucus flow in a wind pipe. The movement of the mucus is observed by the momentum, energy and concentration equation in the presence of body forces due to magnetic field, heat source due to radiation...

Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery, 2020

Background Routine clinical and pathological examinations usually cannot fully conclusively deter... more Background Routine clinical and pathological examinations usually cannot fully conclusively determine the relationship between different lesions of lung cancer. Detailed genetic analysis of tumor samples may supply important additional information and identify second primary lung cancers. Case presentation In the present study, we report a case of synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (MPLC) composed of two distinct pathological subtypes with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations L858R of the acinar adenocarcinoma subtype and EML4–ALK rearrangement of the squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion The present report highlights the clinical importance of molecular cancer biomarkers detection to guide management decisions in MPLC cases.

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015

Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute, Jul 25, 2014

Objective: To review uncommon sites of hydatid cysts and to assess radiological features of hydat... more Objective: To review uncommon sites of hydatid cysts and to assess radiological features of hydatid disease in head, neck, spine and heart. Methodology: A retrospective study of 50 cases of hydatid disease attended at Radiology department of Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar between May 2012 and November 2013 was conducted to determine the incidence and imaging presentations of atypical localization of the disease. After taking permission from ethical committee, indoor and outdoor patients with hydatid cysts were selected for the study. All data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 10.0.The data was assessed using Microsoft excel 2007. Results: A total number of 50 patients had Hydatid cysts. Two patients had multiorgan involvement i.e., one had liver and lung involvement while other had liver and brain involvement. The cysts were present in brain (n=3, 6%), spine (n=2, 3%), neck soft tissues (n=1, 1%), heart (n=2, 3%), ovary (n=3, 6%), kidney (n=1, 1%), spleen (n=3, 6%), peritoneal cavity (n=2, 4%) and pancreas (n=1, 1%). Liver was involved in 20 (41%) cases while lung was involved in 14 (28%) cases. Conclusion: Hydatid disease can involve unusual sites like heart, brain, neck, spine and pancreas. It may occur anywhere, from the big toe to the crown of the head and should be kept in consideration when a cystic lesion is encountered anywhere in the body especially in endemic areas.

$Research paper thumbnail of Antibacterial potential of methanolic extracts and sub-fractions of Teucrium stocksianum Bioss collected from Malakand division, Pakistan$

The aim of this study was to conduct an ethnobotanical survey of North Western Punjab to identify... more The aim of this study was to conduct an ethnobotanical survey of North Western Punjab to identify medicinal plants traditionally used to treat skin infections and to determine their antimicrobial potential against skin-infecting pathogens. Methanolic extracts of selected plants were screened against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans using the well diffusion method. Some plants are traditionally used in combination with other plants and chemicals like vinegar and olive oil. Therefore, antimicrobial screening was also done for these combinations in different proportions. Results showed that out of 12 studied plants, six showed inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Azadirachta indica and Mentha arvensis showed high antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with similar minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 2.5 and 5mg/ml, respectively. Azadirachta indica, Cassia angustifolia, Phoenix dactylifera and Lawsonia inermis were found to be effective against the fungus Candida albicans, with MIC values of 0.625, 1.25, 0.625, 0.625 mg/ml and MBC values of 1.25, 2.5, 1.25 and 1.25 mg/ml, respectively. None of the plants showed antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results of the combination experiment demonstrated that antimicrobial activity exhibited by combinations of plant extracts and chemicals was imparted by chemicals like vinegar.