Fiaz Khan - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Fiaz Khan
Defect and Diffusion Forum
Graphite is a versatile material which is also used in various load bearing applications such as ... more Graphite is a versatile material which is also used in various load bearing applications such as thrust bearings and dies for mechanical pressing such as hot pressing. Natural graphite has anisotropic layered structure which reduces its (compressive) strength in axes which are not parallel to c-axis. To increase strength, isotropy is introduced in graphite structure by breaking down its layers and minimizing grain size. We performed an in-depth characterization of relative aniostropy in graphite using pole figure density mapping. Locally available graphite samples were characterized by XRD and pole figures/3-D orientation distribution function (ODF). SEM and hardness testing were also performed to substantiate the pole density method. Results show that it is possible to characterize (qualitative/quantitative) isotropy or lack thereof in graphite by correlating it with the distribution of crystallinity/pole density mapping of (002) poles and 3D ODF figures.
Defect and Diffusion Forum
The objective of the present research is to investigate the degradation phenomenon of Polyvinyl C... more The objective of the present research is to investigate the degradation phenomenon of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) cable jacket exposed under accelerated thermally aged at 100°C for 4 days then irradiated under n’s flux of 1.5x 1011 n’s / cm2.sec for 1 hr in PARR-2 reactor at PINSTECH. Thermal, mechanical and chemical etc. properties of degraded cable jacket were studied with respect to fresh sample. It was examined that plasticizer content in PVC matrix started to deplete under the effect of temperature which made the matrix more rigid. In addition, the interaction of radiation with polymeric chains weakens the hydrocarbon bonding. The hydrogen and chlorine ions ejected from PVC molecular chains recombine to form hydrogen chloride (HCl) which induces porosity by creating localized pitting. This phenomenon is known as dehydrochlorination which created scissioning in PVC materials. Hence, due to the synergistic effects of temperature and radiation aging, cracks were observed on the outer...
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2021
A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to September, 2018 on the efficacies of albendaz... more A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to September, 2018 on the efficacies of albendazole and mebendazole against ancylostomiasis in school children of district Swat, Pakistan. Faecal samples were collected from primary school children and preserved in 10% formalin. The samples were then sent to the Laboratory of Parasitology, in the University of Malakand for microscopic analysis. On the basis of drug availability, the Ancylostoma dueodenale infected students were divided into two groups. Group A was treated with Albendazole 400-450mg while group B was orally treated with Mebendazole 350-400mg. Eggs per gram were calculated before and after the treatment. From the total sample of 296, 192 (64.8%) children were found infected with Ancylostoma duodenale. Of the total number of infected children, this study found 87.8% (n=137/156)of them with light intensity of infection, 10.8%(n=17/156) with moderate and 1.2% (n=2/156) with heavy intensity of infection. Albendazole showed a high rate 75% of efficacy than mebendazole 71% (p<0.05). The present study concluded that albendazole and mebendazole are drugs of choice for the treatment of Ancylostomiasis.
Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, 2020
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an eye disease that damages the blood vessels of the eye. DR causes ... more Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an eye disease that damages the blood vessels of the eye. DR causes blurred vision or it may lead to blindness if it is not detected in early stages. DR has five stages, i.e., 0 normal, 1 mild, 2 moderate, 3 severe, and 4 PDR. Conventionally, many hand-on projects of computer vision have been applied to detect DR but cannot code the intricate underlying features. Therefore, they result in poor classification of DR stages, particularly for early stages. In this research, two deep CNN models were proposed with an ensemble technique to detect all the stages of DR by using balanced and imbalanced datasets. The models were trained with Kaggle dataset on a high-end Graphical Processing data. Balanced dataset was used to train both models, and we test these models with balanced and imbalanced datasets. The result shows that the proposed models detect all the stages of DR unlike the current methods and perform better compared to state-of-the-art methods on the s...
Current Psychology, 2017
People generally understand text better if the text is in their native language. Because of an in... more People generally understand text better if the text is in their native language. Because of an increased use of personality assessment in the selection of employees and students, it is important to provide questionnaires in people's local languages. In this study, we developed the 120-item International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) Urdu version using the Darwish translation model. The translation was verified by a panel of engineering experts and Urdu and English language experts. Moreover, an empirical investigation was conducted to determine the internal consistency, reliability and construct validity of the Urdu version. The Urdu version was internally consistent, more reliable and had higher convergent validity than its corresponding English scale.
KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems, 2018
Recently, several studies have shown that linear representation based approaches are very effecti... more Recently, several studies have shown that linear representation based approaches are very effective and efficient for image classification. One of these linear-representation-based approaches is the Collaborative representation (CR) method. The existing algorithms based on CR have two major problems that degrade their classification performance. First problem arises due to the limited number of available training samples. The large variations, caused by illumintion and expression changes, among query and training samples leads to poor classification performance. Second problem occurs when an image is partially noised (contiguous occlusion), as some part of the given image become corrupt the classification performance also degrades. We aim to extend the collaborative representation framework under limited training samples face recognition problem. Our proposed solution will generate virtual samples and intra-class variations from training data to model the variations effectively between query and training samples. For robust classification, the image patches have been utilized to compute representation to address partial occlusion as it leads to more accurate classification results. The proposed method computes representation based on local regions in the images as opposed to CR, which computes representation based on global solution involving entire images. Furthermore, the proposed solution also integrates the locality structure into CR, using Euclidian distance between the query and training samples. Intuitively, if the query sample can be represented by selecting its nearest neighbours, lie on a same linear subspace then the resulting representation will be more discriminate and accurately classify the query sample. Hence our proposed framework model the limited sample face recognition problem into sufficient training samples problem using virtual samples and intra-class variations, generated from training samples that will result in improved classification accuracy as evident from experimental results. Moreover, it compute representation based on local image patches for robust classification and is expected to greatly increase the classification performance for face recognition task.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2019
In present work, perovskite structured proton conducting electrolyte materials BaZr 0.8 Y 0.2 (BZ... more In present work, perovskite structured proton conducting electrolyte materials BaZr 0.8 Y 0.2 (BZY), BaZr 0.8 Gd 0.2 (BZGd) and BaZr 0.8 Sm 0.2 (BZSm) synthesized by cost effective combustion method are investigated for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFC). The synthesized BZY, BZGd and BZSm materials are sintered at low temperature (1150 C) and the effect of low sintering temperature on electrolyte properties are also explored. Microstructure, surface morphology, elemental composition, functional group and weight loss are studied using different characterization techniques like XRD, SEM, EDX, FTIR and TGA. XRD shows cubic perovskite structure of all synthesized materials. Secondary phase of Y 2 O 3 is observed in BZY while BaO is observed in BZGd and BZSm due to low sintering temperature. SEM micrographs reveals dense microstructure of BZSm compared to BZY and BZGd. EDX analysis confirms the required material composition within all samples with no impurities. FTIR shows the presence of hydroxyl group and metal oxides and it is observed that BZY exhibit more structural symmetry compared to BZSm and BZGd. Highest conductivity observed ð2:2 Â10 À3 S=cmÞ for BZY due to its structural symmetry and characteristic to prefer B-site of perovskite. Also significant power densities of 0.34 Wcm À2 , 0.24 Wcm À2 and 0.32 Wcm À2 for BZY, BZGd and BZSm electrolytes based cells at 650 C implies that BZY, BZGd and BZSm can be used as IT-SOFC electrolytes.
Mitochondrial DNA, Jan 15, 2015
The mitochondrial DNA sequence represents a mainstay of phylogenetics. It allows biologists to el... more The mitochondrial DNA sequence represents a mainstay of phylogenetics. It allows biologists to elucidate the evolutionary relationships among species. It also permits an examination of the relatedness of populations, hence got importance in the field of biology. The current study was designed to know the mitochondrial sequence of Schizothorax esocinus, a delicious fish belonging to family Cyprinidae. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of S. esocinus from Northern Pakistan was determined. The mitogenome of S. esocinus was found to be 16 591 bp in length and consisted of 13 protein coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and one control region. All genes were encoded on heavy strain except ND6 and few tRNA genes. The overall base composition was T 25.5%, C 27.0%, A 29.8% and G 17.7%, A + T content 55.3% and G + C content 47.7%. The length of control region (CR) was 938 bp and contained putative termination-associated sequence (TAS) and several conserved sequence blo...
Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences
Grey and black francolins are the prime game birds of Pakistan. According to Red Data Book both s... more Grey and black francolins are the prime game birds of Pakistan. According to Red Data Book both species are declared as threatened worldwide. However in Pakistan the status of both species is not assessed. Therefore to study population and habitat of both the species is of critical importance. The current study was conducted in Mang game reserve, Haripur in order to explore the comparative population and habitat structure of both the species. For population dynamics, the data were collected fortnightly and calculated month wise for a year in the three sub habitats of the game reserve. Our study reveals that in grassland the population density of grey francolin ranged from 0.
Calculation of Magnetostatic fields is well known to be a main source of computational bottleneck... more Calculation of Magnetostatic fields is well known to be a main source of computational bottleneck in micromagnetic simulations [1]. Consequently, recent developments in the simulator landscape involve the usage of throughput oriented hardware architectures. Since these hardware units provide support for massive parallelism, they are well suited for running industrial scale simulations. Efforts to parallelize these computations are predominantly focused on shared memory architectures and graphic cards [1,2]. The computation of the magnetostatic field involves a convolution operation between the self magnetization and a shape dependent demagnetizing tensor. For performance reasons, most solvers take advantage of the convolution theorem, using which the operation is reduced to a point wise multiplication in Fourier space. As a consequence, micromagnetic solvers are dependent on the availability of fast FFT Libraries such as cuFFT by NVIDIA. Naturally, it's usage limits the solvers to NVIDIA based graphic cards only. Since the library code is proprietary, it is also difficult to modify it for exploiting some known symmetric properties of the convolution product. In this paper, we introduce a version of our OpenCL based FFT library specifically optimized for magnetostatic field computations. The OpenCL specification allows solvers to run not just on cross-vendor GPU's, but also on additional types of hardware such as CPU's and FPGA's. Our library provides support for 1D and higher dimensional transforms for near arbitrary length inputs. Furthermore, our library supports distributing the FFT's across multiple GPU's. Our initial benchmark and profiling results report our library to be 48 times faster than a single CPU based FFTW code and 3 times faster than NVIDIA's cuFFT library. The results are averaged for various input sizes involving complex-to-complex transforms.
Efficient sorting is vital for overall performance of the underlying application. This paper pres... more Efficient sorting is vital for overall performance of the underlying application. This paper presents Butterfly Network Sort (BNS) for sorting large data sets. A minimal version of the algorithm Min-Max Butterfly is also shown for searching minimum and maximum values in data. Both algorithms are implemented on GPUs using OpenCL exploiting data parallelism model. Results obtained on different GPU architectures show better performance of butterfly sorting in terms of sorting time and rate. The comparison of butterfly sorting with other algorithms:bitonic, odd-even and rank sort show significant speedup improvements against all on Nvidia Quadro-6000 GPU with relatively better sorting time and rate.
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2014
We describe a method for the computation of the discrete demagnetization tensor on regular cuboid... more We describe a method for the computation of the discrete demagnetization tensor on regular cuboid grids. Assuming homogeneously magnetized cells, the tensor components can be calculated exactly by known analytical formulas. These integral-based expressions can be expensive due to their nested nature and difficult to code. The novelty of this paper is that parts of the tensor computation are moved to Fourier space, which simplifies the implementation. The main idea is that some nested sums, required for the computation of the tensor in real space, are replaced by simple multiplications with real factors in Fourier space. For regular grids, the demagnetization field is usually computed in Fourier space by application of the convolution theorem. Thus, computing the tensor in Fourier space in the first place does not introduce any drawbacks.
Journal of Applied Microbiology, 1996
A 60 kb conjugative plasmid, pND300, which encodes nisin resistance, was identified in Lactococcu... more A 60 kb conjugative plasmid, pND300, which encodes nisin resistance, was identified in Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis (L. lactis) M189. pND300 was found to mobilize the transfer of some other plasmids as indicated by the mobilization of plasmids encoding lactose utilization. The nisin resistance determinant from pND300 was initially subcloned on a 12 kb DNA fragment and subsequently reduced to 10.4 kb. Restriction analysis, PCR, Southern hybridization and sequencing illustrated that the nisin resistance of pND300 is very similar to that encoded by the transposon involved in nisin production. pND300 encodes nisR as well as nisK and the recently reported nisF, nisE and nisG, but does not encode nisI. The DNA fragment encoding the nis genes is flanked by IS946 with a copy at each end in reverse orientation. The expression of these nis genes is probably controlled by a putative promoter upstream of nisR, which is composed of the TTGCAA hexanucleotide on the insertion sequence IS946 and the TATAAT sequence 21 bp downstream.
Computers & Electrical Engineering, 2010
As fault tolerance is the ability of a system to perform its function correctly even in the prese... more As fault tolerance is the ability of a system to perform its function correctly even in the presence of faults. Therefore, different fault tolerance techniques (FTTs) are critical for improving the efficient utilization of expensive resources in high performance grid computing systems, and an important component of grid workflow management system. This paper presents a performance evaluation of most commonly used FTTs in grid computing system. In this study, we considered different system centric parameters, such as throughput, turnaround time, waiting time and network delay for the evaluation of these FTTs. For comprehensive evaluation we setup various conditions in which we vary the average percentage of faults in a system, along with different workloads in order to find out the behavior of FTTs under these conditions. The empirical evaluation shows that the workflow level alternative task techniques have performance priority on task level checkpointing techniques. This comparative study will help to grid computing researchers in order to understand the behavior and performance of different FTTs in detail.
COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2013
Purpose – Rapid advancements in computer technologies over the past decade have recorded signific... more Purpose – Rapid advancements in computer technologies over the past decade have recorded significant growth in the area of computational micromagnetics. As a result, current micromagnetic codes exploit the scalability offered by parallel and distributed computer architectures to deliver maximum performance. The purpose of this paper is to present a review, which explores various aspects of this relationship. Design/methodology/approach – The authors arrange the theme for this paper around the micromagnetic code development process. The review involves a discussion of the micromagnetic model, some new parallel architectures, and computational aspects based on different numerical methods. Findings – As current micromagnetic code is not readily portable to different architectures, most of the development effort goes towards this area, with a focus on writing/rewriting code for streaming hardware (particularly graphic cards). Originality/value – The paper identifies key challenges and a...
During the present study the total 23 species of insects were discovered belonging to 8 orders of... more During the present study the total 23 species of insects were discovered belonging to 8 orders of class Insecta, insects belongs to order Hemiptera was greater in number, mostly there were presences or abundance of larvae's of both moths and butterflies were recorded. the species that were recorded are given in (fig.1)includes Periplaneta Americana, apema pest, ladybird beetel, green vegetable bug, ladybird beetel, specie of lady bird beetle, blue pansy, Nezara viridula, hawk moth larvae, fluffy caterpillar of moth, green bug, beetel, caterpillar, Inchworm, caterpillar, dytiscus marginlis, caterpillar, white fly, caterpillar, cinnbar moth, grasshopper lime butterfly. These insects were mostly recorded during the time of wheat harvesting other types of insects also recorded but not shooted.
Defect and Diffusion Forum
Graphite is a versatile material which is also used in various load bearing applications such as ... more Graphite is a versatile material which is also used in various load bearing applications such as thrust bearings and dies for mechanical pressing such as hot pressing. Natural graphite has anisotropic layered structure which reduces its (compressive) strength in axes which are not parallel to c-axis. To increase strength, isotropy is introduced in graphite structure by breaking down its layers and minimizing grain size. We performed an in-depth characterization of relative aniostropy in graphite using pole figure density mapping. Locally available graphite samples were characterized by XRD and pole figures/3-D orientation distribution function (ODF). SEM and hardness testing were also performed to substantiate the pole density method. Results show that it is possible to characterize (qualitative/quantitative) isotropy or lack thereof in graphite by correlating it with the distribution of crystallinity/pole density mapping of (002) poles and 3D ODF figures.
Defect and Diffusion Forum
The objective of the present research is to investigate the degradation phenomenon of Polyvinyl C... more The objective of the present research is to investigate the degradation phenomenon of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) cable jacket exposed under accelerated thermally aged at 100°C for 4 days then irradiated under n’s flux of 1.5x 1011 n’s / cm2.sec for 1 hr in PARR-2 reactor at PINSTECH. Thermal, mechanical and chemical etc. properties of degraded cable jacket were studied with respect to fresh sample. It was examined that plasticizer content in PVC matrix started to deplete under the effect of temperature which made the matrix more rigid. In addition, the interaction of radiation with polymeric chains weakens the hydrocarbon bonding. The hydrogen and chlorine ions ejected from PVC molecular chains recombine to form hydrogen chloride (HCl) which induces porosity by creating localized pitting. This phenomenon is known as dehydrochlorination which created scissioning in PVC materials. Hence, due to the synergistic effects of temperature and radiation aging, cracks were observed on the outer...
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2021
A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to September, 2018 on the efficacies of albendaz... more A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to September, 2018 on the efficacies of albendazole and mebendazole against ancylostomiasis in school children of district Swat, Pakistan. Faecal samples were collected from primary school children and preserved in 10% formalin. The samples were then sent to the Laboratory of Parasitology, in the University of Malakand for microscopic analysis. On the basis of drug availability, the Ancylostoma dueodenale infected students were divided into two groups. Group A was treated with Albendazole 400-450mg while group B was orally treated with Mebendazole 350-400mg. Eggs per gram were calculated before and after the treatment. From the total sample of 296, 192 (64.8%) children were found infected with Ancylostoma duodenale. Of the total number of infected children, this study found 87.8% (n=137/156)of them with light intensity of infection, 10.8%(n=17/156) with moderate and 1.2% (n=2/156) with heavy intensity of infection. Albendazole showed a high rate 75% of efficacy than mebendazole 71% (p<0.05). The present study concluded that albendazole and mebendazole are drugs of choice for the treatment of Ancylostomiasis.
Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, 2020
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an eye disease that damages the blood vessels of the eye. DR causes ... more Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an eye disease that damages the blood vessels of the eye. DR causes blurred vision or it may lead to blindness if it is not detected in early stages. DR has five stages, i.e., 0 normal, 1 mild, 2 moderate, 3 severe, and 4 PDR. Conventionally, many hand-on projects of computer vision have been applied to detect DR but cannot code the intricate underlying features. Therefore, they result in poor classification of DR stages, particularly for early stages. In this research, two deep CNN models were proposed with an ensemble technique to detect all the stages of DR by using balanced and imbalanced datasets. The models were trained with Kaggle dataset on a high-end Graphical Processing data. Balanced dataset was used to train both models, and we test these models with balanced and imbalanced datasets. The result shows that the proposed models detect all the stages of DR unlike the current methods and perform better compared to state-of-the-art methods on the s...
Current Psychology, 2017
People generally understand text better if the text is in their native language. Because of an in... more People generally understand text better if the text is in their native language. Because of an increased use of personality assessment in the selection of employees and students, it is important to provide questionnaires in people's local languages. In this study, we developed the 120-item International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) Urdu version using the Darwish translation model. The translation was verified by a panel of engineering experts and Urdu and English language experts. Moreover, an empirical investigation was conducted to determine the internal consistency, reliability and construct validity of the Urdu version. The Urdu version was internally consistent, more reliable and had higher convergent validity than its corresponding English scale.
KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems, 2018
Recently, several studies have shown that linear representation based approaches are very effecti... more Recently, several studies have shown that linear representation based approaches are very effective and efficient for image classification. One of these linear-representation-based approaches is the Collaborative representation (CR) method. The existing algorithms based on CR have two major problems that degrade their classification performance. First problem arises due to the limited number of available training samples. The large variations, caused by illumintion and expression changes, among query and training samples leads to poor classification performance. Second problem occurs when an image is partially noised (contiguous occlusion), as some part of the given image become corrupt the classification performance also degrades. We aim to extend the collaborative representation framework under limited training samples face recognition problem. Our proposed solution will generate virtual samples and intra-class variations from training data to model the variations effectively between query and training samples. For robust classification, the image patches have been utilized to compute representation to address partial occlusion as it leads to more accurate classification results. The proposed method computes representation based on local regions in the images as opposed to CR, which computes representation based on global solution involving entire images. Furthermore, the proposed solution also integrates the locality structure into CR, using Euclidian distance between the query and training samples. Intuitively, if the query sample can be represented by selecting its nearest neighbours, lie on a same linear subspace then the resulting representation will be more discriminate and accurately classify the query sample. Hence our proposed framework model the limited sample face recognition problem into sufficient training samples problem using virtual samples and intra-class variations, generated from training samples that will result in improved classification accuracy as evident from experimental results. Moreover, it compute representation based on local image patches for robust classification and is expected to greatly increase the classification performance for face recognition task.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2019
In present work, perovskite structured proton conducting electrolyte materials BaZr 0.8 Y 0.2 (BZ... more In present work, perovskite structured proton conducting electrolyte materials BaZr 0.8 Y 0.2 (BZY), BaZr 0.8 Gd 0.2 (BZGd) and BaZr 0.8 Sm 0.2 (BZSm) synthesized by cost effective combustion method are investigated for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFC). The synthesized BZY, BZGd and BZSm materials are sintered at low temperature (1150 C) and the effect of low sintering temperature on electrolyte properties are also explored. Microstructure, surface morphology, elemental composition, functional group and weight loss are studied using different characterization techniques like XRD, SEM, EDX, FTIR and TGA. XRD shows cubic perovskite structure of all synthesized materials. Secondary phase of Y 2 O 3 is observed in BZY while BaO is observed in BZGd and BZSm due to low sintering temperature. SEM micrographs reveals dense microstructure of BZSm compared to BZY and BZGd. EDX analysis confirms the required material composition within all samples with no impurities. FTIR shows the presence of hydroxyl group and metal oxides and it is observed that BZY exhibit more structural symmetry compared to BZSm and BZGd. Highest conductivity observed ð2:2 Â10 À3 S=cmÞ for BZY due to its structural symmetry and characteristic to prefer B-site of perovskite. Also significant power densities of 0.34 Wcm À2 , 0.24 Wcm À2 and 0.32 Wcm À2 for BZY, BZGd and BZSm electrolytes based cells at 650 C implies that BZY, BZGd and BZSm can be used as IT-SOFC electrolytes.
Mitochondrial DNA, Jan 15, 2015
The mitochondrial DNA sequence represents a mainstay of phylogenetics. It allows biologists to el... more The mitochondrial DNA sequence represents a mainstay of phylogenetics. It allows biologists to elucidate the evolutionary relationships among species. It also permits an examination of the relatedness of populations, hence got importance in the field of biology. The current study was designed to know the mitochondrial sequence of Schizothorax esocinus, a delicious fish belonging to family Cyprinidae. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of S. esocinus from Northern Pakistan was determined. The mitogenome of S. esocinus was found to be 16 591 bp in length and consisted of 13 protein coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and one control region. All genes were encoded on heavy strain except ND6 and few tRNA genes. The overall base composition was T 25.5%, C 27.0%, A 29.8% and G 17.7%, A + T content 55.3% and G + C content 47.7%. The length of control region (CR) was 938 bp and contained putative termination-associated sequence (TAS) and several conserved sequence blo...
Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences
Grey and black francolins are the prime game birds of Pakistan. According to Red Data Book both s... more Grey and black francolins are the prime game birds of Pakistan. According to Red Data Book both species are declared as threatened worldwide. However in Pakistan the status of both species is not assessed. Therefore to study population and habitat of both the species is of critical importance. The current study was conducted in Mang game reserve, Haripur in order to explore the comparative population and habitat structure of both the species. For population dynamics, the data were collected fortnightly and calculated month wise for a year in the three sub habitats of the game reserve. Our study reveals that in grassland the population density of grey francolin ranged from 0.
Calculation of Magnetostatic fields is well known to be a main source of computational bottleneck... more Calculation of Magnetostatic fields is well known to be a main source of computational bottleneck in micromagnetic simulations [1]. Consequently, recent developments in the simulator landscape involve the usage of throughput oriented hardware architectures. Since these hardware units provide support for massive parallelism, they are well suited for running industrial scale simulations. Efforts to parallelize these computations are predominantly focused on shared memory architectures and graphic cards [1,2]. The computation of the magnetostatic field involves a convolution operation between the self magnetization and a shape dependent demagnetizing tensor. For performance reasons, most solvers take advantage of the convolution theorem, using which the operation is reduced to a point wise multiplication in Fourier space. As a consequence, micromagnetic solvers are dependent on the availability of fast FFT Libraries such as cuFFT by NVIDIA. Naturally, it's usage limits the solvers to NVIDIA based graphic cards only. Since the library code is proprietary, it is also difficult to modify it for exploiting some known symmetric properties of the convolution product. In this paper, we introduce a version of our OpenCL based FFT library specifically optimized for magnetostatic field computations. The OpenCL specification allows solvers to run not just on cross-vendor GPU's, but also on additional types of hardware such as CPU's and FPGA's. Our library provides support for 1D and higher dimensional transforms for near arbitrary length inputs. Furthermore, our library supports distributing the FFT's across multiple GPU's. Our initial benchmark and profiling results report our library to be 48 times faster than a single CPU based FFTW code and 3 times faster than NVIDIA's cuFFT library. The results are averaged for various input sizes involving complex-to-complex transforms.
Efficient sorting is vital for overall performance of the underlying application. This paper pres... more Efficient sorting is vital for overall performance of the underlying application. This paper presents Butterfly Network Sort (BNS) for sorting large data sets. A minimal version of the algorithm Min-Max Butterfly is also shown for searching minimum and maximum values in data. Both algorithms are implemented on GPUs using OpenCL exploiting data parallelism model. Results obtained on different GPU architectures show better performance of butterfly sorting in terms of sorting time and rate. The comparison of butterfly sorting with other algorithms:bitonic, odd-even and rank sort show significant speedup improvements against all on Nvidia Quadro-6000 GPU with relatively better sorting time and rate.
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2014
We describe a method for the computation of the discrete demagnetization tensor on regular cuboid... more We describe a method for the computation of the discrete demagnetization tensor on regular cuboid grids. Assuming homogeneously magnetized cells, the tensor components can be calculated exactly by known analytical formulas. These integral-based expressions can be expensive due to their nested nature and difficult to code. The novelty of this paper is that parts of the tensor computation are moved to Fourier space, which simplifies the implementation. The main idea is that some nested sums, required for the computation of the tensor in real space, are replaced by simple multiplications with real factors in Fourier space. For regular grids, the demagnetization field is usually computed in Fourier space by application of the convolution theorem. Thus, computing the tensor in Fourier space in the first place does not introduce any drawbacks.
Journal of Applied Microbiology, 1996
A 60 kb conjugative plasmid, pND300, which encodes nisin resistance, was identified in Lactococcu... more A 60 kb conjugative plasmid, pND300, which encodes nisin resistance, was identified in Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis (L. lactis) M189. pND300 was found to mobilize the transfer of some other plasmids as indicated by the mobilization of plasmids encoding lactose utilization. The nisin resistance determinant from pND300 was initially subcloned on a 12 kb DNA fragment and subsequently reduced to 10.4 kb. Restriction analysis, PCR, Southern hybridization and sequencing illustrated that the nisin resistance of pND300 is very similar to that encoded by the transposon involved in nisin production. pND300 encodes nisR as well as nisK and the recently reported nisF, nisE and nisG, but does not encode nisI. The DNA fragment encoding the nis genes is flanked by IS946 with a copy at each end in reverse orientation. The expression of these nis genes is probably controlled by a putative promoter upstream of nisR, which is composed of the TTGCAA hexanucleotide on the insertion sequence IS946 and the TATAAT sequence 21 bp downstream.
Computers & Electrical Engineering, 2010
As fault tolerance is the ability of a system to perform its function correctly even in the prese... more As fault tolerance is the ability of a system to perform its function correctly even in the presence of faults. Therefore, different fault tolerance techniques (FTTs) are critical for improving the efficient utilization of expensive resources in high performance grid computing systems, and an important component of grid workflow management system. This paper presents a performance evaluation of most commonly used FTTs in grid computing system. In this study, we considered different system centric parameters, such as throughput, turnaround time, waiting time and network delay for the evaluation of these FTTs. For comprehensive evaluation we setup various conditions in which we vary the average percentage of faults in a system, along with different workloads in order to find out the behavior of FTTs under these conditions. The empirical evaluation shows that the workflow level alternative task techniques have performance priority on task level checkpointing techniques. This comparative study will help to grid computing researchers in order to understand the behavior and performance of different FTTs in detail.
COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2013
Purpose – Rapid advancements in computer technologies over the past decade have recorded signific... more Purpose – Rapid advancements in computer technologies over the past decade have recorded significant growth in the area of computational micromagnetics. As a result, current micromagnetic codes exploit the scalability offered by parallel and distributed computer architectures to deliver maximum performance. The purpose of this paper is to present a review, which explores various aspects of this relationship. Design/methodology/approach – The authors arrange the theme for this paper around the micromagnetic code development process. The review involves a discussion of the micromagnetic model, some new parallel architectures, and computational aspects based on different numerical methods. Findings – As current micromagnetic code is not readily portable to different architectures, most of the development effort goes towards this area, with a focus on writing/rewriting code for streaming hardware (particularly graphic cards). Originality/value – The paper identifies key challenges and a...
During the present study the total 23 species of insects were discovered belonging to 8 orders of... more During the present study the total 23 species of insects were discovered belonging to 8 orders of class Insecta, insects belongs to order Hemiptera was greater in number, mostly there were presences or abundance of larvae's of both moths and butterflies were recorded. the species that were recorded are given in (fig.1)includes Periplaneta Americana, apema pest, ladybird beetel, green vegetable bug, ladybird beetel, specie of lady bird beetle, blue pansy, Nezara viridula, hawk moth larvae, fluffy caterpillar of moth, green bug, beetel, caterpillar, Inchworm, caterpillar, dytiscus marginlis, caterpillar, white fly, caterpillar, cinnbar moth, grasshopper lime butterfly. These insects were mostly recorded during the time of wheat harvesting other types of insects also recorded but not shooted.