Dr. Shailendra Giri - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Dr. Shailendra Giri
International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, 2022
The level of capacity which is essential to appreciate and utilize digital technology in any orga... more The level of capacity which is essential to appreciate and utilize digital technology in any organization or in the nation is refers as e-Readiness. E-Readiness of government is being a strong backbone to implement e-governance in the country. It became a vital policy tool for all countries since it enhances the trust of the citizens through applying the principles of good governance. The objective of this paper is to examine the e-Readiness status of Nepal. The literature review and content analysis methodology has applied during accomplishing the study. The study concludes that for improvement of the government efficiency, the Government organizations should implement ICT to improve service delivery for the citizens as well as businesses. E-governance activities enable a long-term revolution of the governments that helps far elsewhere the online service delivery. Based on the UN E-governance survey, data on E-governance readiness and participation indices for Nepal over a period o...
Technology-Based Training provides a practical and highly useful perspective on how to tackle the... more Technology-Based Training provides a practical and highly useful perspective on how to tackle the world of learning and technology. The trend of technology based training is in fashion of late in the academies. Training with Technology is being essential in every training institution to deliver training contents in easy and smart way so that learner can achieve the knowledge and skill without doubt. People are searching for ways to fully utilize the recent achieve in technology to improve work performance. Nepal has been also practicing use of technology in training since few years. This paper examines the ongoing practices and explorers recent advances in technology based training as well as examines different trainings and software applications available in the marketplace. Likewise, this article compares the costs and benefits of technology based training and identify several other factors that influence effectiveness of training. Finally, the paper concludes with a few guideline...
The Government of Nepal has been gradually transforming its mode of service delivery from traditi... more The Government of Nepal has been gradually transforming its mode of service delivery from traditional to information and communication technology based to enhance the e-governance for good governance. Civil service has been the backbone and permanent government of the country which always facilitate to the state by delivering public service. Information and communication technology tools are being fundamental needs of government to precede its activities. The authors are trying to explore implementation of information and communication technology tools in service delivery. The researchers have applied survey research to collect primary data from civil servants of Nepal government and adopted quantitative research technique. The researchers concluded that adopting technology based administration and implemented information and communication technology tools and technique in the civil service made service delivery cheap, easy and fast. The researchers claim that restructuring of Nepal...
The proper use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has made human daily activities ... more The proper use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has made human daily activities easy and fast. The service delivery mechanism of government, department and business organization has been fast, efficient and reliable. The primary motive of government is to deliver public services transparently, effectively and efficiently. Civil service is one of the most important mechanisms for public service delivery. The primary objective of this research paper is to explore current ICT status and use of ICT in service delivery mechanism by government organization to its People. The researchers have applied survey research to collect primary data from employees of government organizations whose primary role is to deliver public service and adopted quantitative research technique. This paper concludes that use of ICT for public service delivery can be more effective through integration, linkage and inter-operability among government organizations, departments and business entities...
International Journal of Computer Trends & Technology, 2019
The approach of e-governance is constantly changing the way government system execute its service... more The approach of e-governance is constantly changing the way government system execute its service to the people. E-service encompasses a series of necessary steps for institutions to develop and administer to ensure successful implementation of services at large. This paper discusses the growth trend of e-service, its effectiveness and challenges to overcome the situation for effective service delivery. Content analysis and survey approach was used to generate data in the case study. The study claims that the virtual nature of the internet, and its dynamic aspects, can multiply the service of government to the people and novice users to its considerable capacity to do no harm in e-service. The study has concludes that e-government service is essential for managing future complications and responding to current and past incidents to build trust from people. The insight on reducing current and future inefficiencies, the probabilities of effectiveness, and the costs associated with potential outcomes support their mitigation. Some of the issues related to e-service can be regulatory, legal, technical and procedural measures as well as civil service personnel's education, capacity building and continuous upgrading the technology. Manage the three level of employees and administration smooth way that is Federal, province and local level and coordinate and cooperate each other are the major challenges of civil service.
International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, 2021
The government aims to make education accessible to all the people of the country can be fulfille... more The government aims to make education accessible to all the people of the country can be fulfilled if the online education system is developed enough for all. The country may be benefited by the use of the right type of education system. Learners and teachers get advantages if the education system is reformed using digital technologies like Automatic Call Tree (ACT)-based modalities. Such types of education system has key significant in the pandemic situation which have been facing since two years. This study is assumed to examine the Automatic Call Tree (ACT) based modalities and their utilization for connection between students, teachers, parents and school management committee; and some recommendations are made concerning online education. The main information source for this study is primary. Instruments used are questionnaires, interview with video recording, phone call, and class room observation. The preliminary finding showed that there is a scarcity of orientations of onlin...
International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, 2022
The level of capacity which is essential to appreciate and utilize digital technology in any orga... more The level of capacity which is essential to appreciate and utilize digital technology in any organization or in the nation is refers as e-Readiness. E-Readiness of government is being a strong backbone to implement e-governance in the country. It became a vital policy tool for all countries since it enhances the trust of the citizens through applying the principles of good governance. The objective of this paper is to examine the e-Readiness status of Nepal. The literature review and content analysis methodology has applied during accomplishing the study. The study concludes that for improvement of the government efficiency, the Government organizations should implement ICT to improve service delivery for the citizens as well as businesses. E-governance activities enable a long-term revolution of the governments that helps far elsewhere the online service delivery. Based on the UN Egovernance survey, data on E-governance readiness and participation indices for Nepal over a period of 2003-2020 were analyzed to have a deeper understanding of the current scenario. It shows that the e-Government development Index rank, e-Government Development Index value, e
The aim of this paper is to the purposed a roadmap of digital Nepal and trying to explorer the va... more The aim of this paper is to the purposed a roadmap of digital Nepal and trying to explorer the various dimensions of the digital Nepal framework. The content analysis method was used for the study. The researcher claims that Digital Nepal is a broad conception of the Government of Nepal. The Government's big plan Digital Nepal is designed to facilitate Nepal to connect its driving socioeconomic growth of citizens which will help and support to achieve the sustainable development goal. The Digital Nepal Framework encompasses one nation, eight sectors, 80 digital initiatives. The study claims that there are eight dimensions of the Digital Nepal framework. They are the digital foundation, agriculture, health, education, energy, tourism; finance and urban. They will help to guide Nepal on its journey toward becoming a digital state in days to come. The Government of Nepal is successes in information and communication development in the nation. The possible roadmap of digital Nepal i...
International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, 2021
The government aims to make education accessible to all the people of the country can be fulfille... more The government aims to make education accessible to all the people of the country can be fulfilled if the online education system is developed enough for all. The country may be benefited by the use of the right type of education system. Learners and teachers get advantages if the education system is reformed using digital technologies like Automatic Call Tree (ACT)-based modalities. Such types of education system has key significant in the pandemic situation which have been facing since two years. This study is assumed to examine the Automatic Call Tree (ACT) based modalities and their utilization for connection between students, teachers, parents and school management committee; and some recommendations are made concerning online education. The main information source for this study is primary. Instruments used are questionnaires, interview with video recording, phone call, and class room observation. The preliminary finding showed that there is a scarcity of orientations of online education to parents, students, teachers, and administrators, though all were found to realize its importance. Likewise, major problems found are lack of digital devices, regular power supply and backup; and network connectivity. Based on the opinions of the respondents and observations of the situations of the different parts of the country running online education during this pandemic period, many recommendations are made. The country needs strategic plans and policy to make online education accessible to all learners specially in urban areas of Nepal and this will ensure online education smooth. It concludes that the Automatic Call Tree (ACT)-based modalities became fruitful for some schools of Nepal during Corona Virus (COVID)-19 pandemic. But many of them are facing different problems while conducting online classes, examination and result processing. Providing practical knowledge and skills about engineering, mathematics, health science, account, computer science subjects are very difficult and to examine them.
The Journal of Local-Governance and Development, 2021
The level of capacity which is essential to appreciate and utilize digital technology in any orga... more The level of capacity which is essential to appreciate and utilize digital technology in any organization or in the nation is refers as e-Readiness. E-Readiness of government is being a strong backbone to implement e-governance in the country. It became a vital policy tool for all countries since it enhances the trust of the citizens through applying the principles of good governance. The objective of this paper is to examine the e-Readiness status of Nepal. The literature review and content analysis methodology has applied during accomplishing the study. The study concludes that for improvement of the government efficiency, the Government organizations should implement ICT to improve service delivery for the citizens as well as businesses. E-governance activities enable a long-term revolution of the governments that helps far elsewhere the online service delivery. Based on the UN E-governance survey, data on E-governance readiness and participation indices for Nepal over a period of 2003-2020 were analyzed to have a deeper understanding of the current scenario.
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 2021
Information communication technology (ICT) has a lot of benefits and utilization in human real li... more Information communication technology (ICT) has a lot of benefits and utilization in human real life activities. One of the major sectors is education all over the world. Online education includes the use of digital tools and applications for teaching and learning procedure. The uses of technological tools which make empower students, teachers to teach and learn anytime and anywhere from any part of the universe. It became an ultimate organ of life for children, younger and elder too. This paper tries to discuss and analyze about the ICT tools like computers, the Internet, websites, mobile phones & applications, YouTube, and zoom. The study was accomplished by literature review and content analysis. The study concludes that the use of ICT tools and applications are being widely used in academic purpose during COVID-19 pandemic and these tools help teachers, learners and academic institutions for teaching learning activities. The study claims that the newly invention of digital accessories, ICT tools and applications, educational applications created serious problem to the students, teachers, institutions due to time to time upgrade the version of them. Due to poor economic conditions of the learners, teachers and institutions, they became unable to buy the upgraded version of the ICT tools and application. However, many of the students could not attend the online classes as well as teacher could not conduct the online classes. So, it became a serious issue in education sector in the globe. The study exposes that Facebook, close group, messenger, viber, Google meet, Google form, team, zoom, Skype, and What 'sap are mostly used for online class and they became popular among students and teachers in Nepal.
Information communication technology (ICT) has a lot of benefits and utilization in human real li... more Information communication technology (ICT) has a lot of benefits and utilization in human real life activities. One of the major sectors is education all over the world. Online education includes the use of digital tools and applications for teaching and learning procedure. The uses of technological tools which make empower students, teachers to teach and learn anytime and anywhere from any part of the universe. It became an ultimate organ of life for children, younger and elder too. This paper tries to discuss and analyze about the ICT tools like computers, the Internet, websites, mobile phones & applications, YouTube, and zoom. The study was accomplished by literature review and content analysis. The study concludes that the use of ICT tools and applications are being widely used in academic purpose during COVID-19 pandemic and these tools help teachers, learners and academic institutions for teaching learning activities. The study claims that the newly invention of digital accessories, ICT tools and applications, educational applications created serious problem to the students, teachers, institutions due to time to time upgrade the version of them. Due to poor economic conditions of the learners, teachers and institutions, they became unable to buy the upgraded version of the ICT tools and application. However, many of the students could not attend the online classes as well as teacher could not conduct the online classes. So, it became a serious issue in education sector in the globe. The study exposes that Facebook, close group, messenger, viber, Google meet, Google form, team, zoom, Skype, and What 'sap are mostly used for online class and they became popular among students and teachers in Nepal.
The Journal of Immunology, 2004
After stimulation in serum-free medium, cells were lysed with ice-cold lysis buffer containing 1%... more After stimulation in serum-free medium, cells were lysed with ice-cold lysis buffer containing 1% v/v Nonidet P-40, 100 mM NaCl, 20 mM Tris (pH 7.4), 10 mM iodoacetamide, 10 mM NaF, 1 mM sodium orthovanadate, and protease inhibitors (Sigma-Aldrich). Lysates were incubated at 4°C for 15 min, followed by centrifugation at 13,000 ϫ g for 15 min. The supernatant was precleared with protein A/G-Sepharose beads (Amersham Biosciences) for 1 h at 4°C, followed by the addition of 1 g/ml p85 mAb. After 2-h incubation at 4°C, protein G-Sepharose beads were added, and
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 2021
Education using the internet refers to online education through where teacher/students interact w... more Education using the internet refers to online education through where teacher/students interact with each other, share educational materials and knowledge, and skills. Online education system is not only the guide or moderator between teachers and learners but also a huge collection of learning materials (resources) with several learning tools and applications through which learner could learn any subject themselves as their need and wish.Due to COVID-19, the relevancy of online education is grooming not only in Nepal but also in the globe. Online education reflects their prospects and challenges during the implementation phase. The aim of the study to identify the prospects and challenges of online education. Qualitative approach has applied for completion to this study. The study concludes that online education provides equal access to education for all learners, academicians, and researchers. Challenges and difficulties of online education are to solve the problem of the Digital Divide of the Country. The Government should provide Broadband Internet or 3G/4G Wireless Network and online learning devices in the rural areas. They need to have training for the operation of online applications to solve the Computer Literacy problem. This article acknowledged that regular power supply, high speed internet, learning devices and materials, skilled teaching faculty, information communication and technology infrastructure and learning applications to conduct online classes are the major problems of online education. Technical training should provide to teaching staffs by concern institution to manage the learning skills.
High Risk of Cybercrime, Threat, Attack and Future Challenges in Nepal, 2020
Government organizations, citizens, businesses are being victimized by cyber-attacks, crimes, and... more Government organizations, citizens, businesses are being victimized by cyber-attacks, crimes, and threats. Globally people have been using cyber safety in every sector of daily life but huge numbers of criminal activities are increasing day by day using ICT tools and applications. The purpose of this paper is to explorer the high risk of cyberattacks, crime, threat and future challenges in Nepal. The study was carried out using content analysis, analysis of various survey reports and in-depth interviews with subject experts. The study claims that high risk of a cyberattack, crime, and threat have been increasing unexpectedly in various sector of Nepalese society. It is essential to make a common strategy to reduce the increasing technical risk related to cyber. The risk of cyberattack, crime, and threat is very high. So, IT audit must be made compulsory in each and every organization and original operating system as well as application software used. Strong cybersecurity precautions and technologies ought to be adopted during the installation of ICT automation. The paper claims that not only the banking sector but also the Government of Nepal should appoint cybersecurity personnel in their services so that the expert team will be able to fight against the cyber attack. As time is demanding 'Cyber Army' in Nepal, the Government should not delay forming a new force 'Cyber Army'.
Journal of Personnel Training Academy, 2018
Reform endeavor of the Civil Service of Nepal has been continued for long past. High-level recomm... more Reform endeavor of the Civil Service of Nepal has been continued for long past. High-level recommendation committees were formed to make it as per the citizens' interests. But, till it could not be able to fulfill the actual need of the people totally; there is still a huge gap. The main objective of the article is to review the reform of the civil service of Nepal with e-government practice. Content analysis was used to derive a conclusion in the case study. The study claimed that traditional modalities are not sufficient to make government services sooth and smart. Technology-based systems should be applied and a totally ICT based system could be the key driving force for its transformation. In the context of the present federal governance system, a paradigm shift with a big-bang approach is the actual requirement of the civil service. The study concludes that it is not possible to implement the e-government concept only from the government side, it needs people's support and trust.
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology , 2019
Technology-Based Training provides a practical and highly useful perspective on how to tackle the... more Technology-Based Training provides a practical and highly useful perspective on how to tackle the world of learning and technology. The trend of technology based training is in fashion of late in the academies. Training with Technology is being essential in every training institution to deliver training contents in easy and smart way so that learner can achieve the knowledge and skill without doubt. People are searching for ways to fully utilize the recent achieve in technology to improve work performance. Nepal has been also practicing use of technology in training since few years. This paper examines the ongoing practices and explorers recent advances in technology based training as well as examines different trainings and software applications available in the marketplace. Likewise, this article compares the costs and benefits of technology based training and identify several other factors that influence effectiveness of training. Finally, the paper concludes with a few guidelines on how training centers can effectively use technology to better deliver training and meet their human capital development needs. Training not only provides skills and knowledge to the learners but also changes the attitude and behavior of trainees.
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 2020
The aim of this paper is to the purposed a roadmap of digital Nepal and trying to explorer the va... more The aim of this paper is to the purposed a roadmap of digital Nepal and trying to explorer the various dimensions of the digital Nepal framework. The content analysis method was used for the study. The researcher claims that Digital Nepal is a broad conception of the Government of Nepal. The Government's big plan Digital Nepal is designed to facilitate Nepal to connect its driving socioeconomic growth of citizens which will help and support to achieve the sustainable development goal. The Digital Nepal Framework encompasses one nation, eight sectors, 80 digital initiatives. The study claims that there are eight dimensions of the Digital Nepal framework. They are the digital foundation, agriculture, health, education, energy, tourism; finance and urban. They will help to guide Nepal on its journey toward becoming a digital state in days to come. The Government of Nepal is successes in information and communication development in the nation. The possible roadmap of digital Nepal is clearly mentioned in two parts as infrastructure development and service and application. The way of digital Nepal is not so easy but the recent trends in the development of ICT in the country show that the true digital Nepal isn't as for as we think.
International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing , 2010
Measuring effectiveness analysis of civil service is not so easy job as we think. Information and... more Measuring effectiveness analysis of civil service is not so easy job as we think. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is being a fundamental tool of human being which is making our daily life activities easy, smart and simplify. ICT has played a role of pool between civil service and day to day service delivery. In this study, the author is trying to examine and investigate the effectiveness analysis of civil service using ICT in Nepal. Survey research with qualitative research technique has applied to collect primary data from civil servants of government organizations, whose primary role is to deliver public service. This paper concludes that the successful, effective civil service delivery of the country has been in itself a harbinger of national peace, progress and prosperity. The success of government is dependent on the trust and honesty of ruling political leaders; the civil servants; conscious people and one door delivery system. Researcher claims that ICT has been recognized as a critical component for the successful delivery of many existing services of government and it enables the service delivery to build on these successes and use ICT to operate in a more efficient, shared and integrated manner across all the government sectors. The government should create ICT awareness for the people, trust on technology and e-governance by decreasing the digital divide between common people and other citizens. People should adopt their ownership towards the electronic service delivery system. The service delivery system in Nepal seems poor in the sense of efficiency and effectiveness.
Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, 2019
C and C++ are the structure and object oriented programming language in computer language world. ... more C and C++ are the structure and object oriented programming language in computer language world. They are basic programming languages which deal about many programming concepts, structure, loops, methodology and modules. The objective of this study is to analyze the application of C and C++ programming language in engineering faculty. The content analysis, review articles and in-depth interview with subjects experts are used while study. The study concludes that the C and C++ develop programming concepts to the students. It elaborates the concepts of system analysis, feasibility study, planning, developing, coding, loops, logic, trial and error, testing and debugging. It clears the concepts of program implementation, training, documentation; and repair and maintenance. The theme of the study is, C programming language provides the theoretic and practical knowledge, skills about identifiers keywords, header files, data types, constant and variables, data input output, control statements, functions arrays, structure, data files and graphics. Likewise, C++ provides the knowledge about object oriented programming tokens, expression and control structures, function in C++, classes and objects, constructors and destructors, operator overloading and type conversions, inheritance: extending classes, pointers, virtual functions and polymorphism, managing console input output working with files templates exceptions handling manipulating strings.
International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, 2022
The level of capacity which is essential to appreciate and utilize digital technology in any orga... more The level of capacity which is essential to appreciate and utilize digital technology in any organization or in the nation is refers as e-Readiness. E-Readiness of government is being a strong backbone to implement e-governance in the country. It became a vital policy tool for all countries since it enhances the trust of the citizens through applying the principles of good governance. The objective of this paper is to examine the e-Readiness status of Nepal. The literature review and content analysis methodology has applied during accomplishing the study. The study concludes that for improvement of the government efficiency, the Government organizations should implement ICT to improve service delivery for the citizens as well as businesses. E-governance activities enable a long-term revolution of the governments that helps far elsewhere the online service delivery. Based on the UN E-governance survey, data on E-governance readiness and participation indices for Nepal over a period o...
Technology-Based Training provides a practical and highly useful perspective on how to tackle the... more Technology-Based Training provides a practical and highly useful perspective on how to tackle the world of learning and technology. The trend of technology based training is in fashion of late in the academies. Training with Technology is being essential in every training institution to deliver training contents in easy and smart way so that learner can achieve the knowledge and skill without doubt. People are searching for ways to fully utilize the recent achieve in technology to improve work performance. Nepal has been also practicing use of technology in training since few years. This paper examines the ongoing practices and explorers recent advances in technology based training as well as examines different trainings and software applications available in the marketplace. Likewise, this article compares the costs and benefits of technology based training and identify several other factors that influence effectiveness of training. Finally, the paper concludes with a few guideline...
The Government of Nepal has been gradually transforming its mode of service delivery from traditi... more The Government of Nepal has been gradually transforming its mode of service delivery from traditional to information and communication technology based to enhance the e-governance for good governance. Civil service has been the backbone and permanent government of the country which always facilitate to the state by delivering public service. Information and communication technology tools are being fundamental needs of government to precede its activities. The authors are trying to explore implementation of information and communication technology tools in service delivery. The researchers have applied survey research to collect primary data from civil servants of Nepal government and adopted quantitative research technique. The researchers concluded that adopting technology based administration and implemented information and communication technology tools and technique in the civil service made service delivery cheap, easy and fast. The researchers claim that restructuring of Nepal...
The proper use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has made human daily activities ... more The proper use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has made human daily activities easy and fast. The service delivery mechanism of government, department and business organization has been fast, efficient and reliable. The primary motive of government is to deliver public services transparently, effectively and efficiently. Civil service is one of the most important mechanisms for public service delivery. The primary objective of this research paper is to explore current ICT status and use of ICT in service delivery mechanism by government organization to its People. The researchers have applied survey research to collect primary data from employees of government organizations whose primary role is to deliver public service and adopted quantitative research technique. This paper concludes that use of ICT for public service delivery can be more effective through integration, linkage and inter-operability among government organizations, departments and business entities...
International Journal of Computer Trends & Technology, 2019
The approach of e-governance is constantly changing the way government system execute its service... more The approach of e-governance is constantly changing the way government system execute its service to the people. E-service encompasses a series of necessary steps for institutions to develop and administer to ensure successful implementation of services at large. This paper discusses the growth trend of e-service, its effectiveness and challenges to overcome the situation for effective service delivery. Content analysis and survey approach was used to generate data in the case study. The study claims that the virtual nature of the internet, and its dynamic aspects, can multiply the service of government to the people and novice users to its considerable capacity to do no harm in e-service. The study has concludes that e-government service is essential for managing future complications and responding to current and past incidents to build trust from people. The insight on reducing current and future inefficiencies, the probabilities of effectiveness, and the costs associated with potential outcomes support their mitigation. Some of the issues related to e-service can be regulatory, legal, technical and procedural measures as well as civil service personnel's education, capacity building and continuous upgrading the technology. Manage the three level of employees and administration smooth way that is Federal, province and local level and coordinate and cooperate each other are the major challenges of civil service.
International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, 2021
The government aims to make education accessible to all the people of the country can be fulfille... more The government aims to make education accessible to all the people of the country can be fulfilled if the online education system is developed enough for all. The country may be benefited by the use of the right type of education system. Learners and teachers get advantages if the education system is reformed using digital technologies like Automatic Call Tree (ACT)-based modalities. Such types of education system has key significant in the pandemic situation which have been facing since two years. This study is assumed to examine the Automatic Call Tree (ACT) based modalities and their utilization for connection between students, teachers, parents and school management committee; and some recommendations are made concerning online education. The main information source for this study is primary. Instruments used are questionnaires, interview with video recording, phone call, and class room observation. The preliminary finding showed that there is a scarcity of orientations of onlin...
International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, 2022
The level of capacity which is essential to appreciate and utilize digital technology in any orga... more The level of capacity which is essential to appreciate and utilize digital technology in any organization or in the nation is refers as e-Readiness. E-Readiness of government is being a strong backbone to implement e-governance in the country. It became a vital policy tool for all countries since it enhances the trust of the citizens through applying the principles of good governance. The objective of this paper is to examine the e-Readiness status of Nepal. The literature review and content analysis methodology has applied during accomplishing the study. The study concludes that for improvement of the government efficiency, the Government organizations should implement ICT to improve service delivery for the citizens as well as businesses. E-governance activities enable a long-term revolution of the governments that helps far elsewhere the online service delivery. Based on the UN Egovernance survey, data on E-governance readiness and participation indices for Nepal over a period of 2003-2020 were analyzed to have a deeper understanding of the current scenario. It shows that the e-Government development Index rank, e-Government Development Index value, e
The aim of this paper is to the purposed a roadmap of digital Nepal and trying to explorer the va... more The aim of this paper is to the purposed a roadmap of digital Nepal and trying to explorer the various dimensions of the digital Nepal framework. The content analysis method was used for the study. The researcher claims that Digital Nepal is a broad conception of the Government of Nepal. The Government's big plan Digital Nepal is designed to facilitate Nepal to connect its driving socioeconomic growth of citizens which will help and support to achieve the sustainable development goal. The Digital Nepal Framework encompasses one nation, eight sectors, 80 digital initiatives. The study claims that there are eight dimensions of the Digital Nepal framework. They are the digital foundation, agriculture, health, education, energy, tourism; finance and urban. They will help to guide Nepal on its journey toward becoming a digital state in days to come. The Government of Nepal is successes in information and communication development in the nation. The possible roadmap of digital Nepal i...
International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, 2021
The government aims to make education accessible to all the people of the country can be fulfille... more The government aims to make education accessible to all the people of the country can be fulfilled if the online education system is developed enough for all. The country may be benefited by the use of the right type of education system. Learners and teachers get advantages if the education system is reformed using digital technologies like Automatic Call Tree (ACT)-based modalities. Such types of education system has key significant in the pandemic situation which have been facing since two years. This study is assumed to examine the Automatic Call Tree (ACT) based modalities and their utilization for connection between students, teachers, parents and school management committee; and some recommendations are made concerning online education. The main information source for this study is primary. Instruments used are questionnaires, interview with video recording, phone call, and class room observation. The preliminary finding showed that there is a scarcity of orientations of online education to parents, students, teachers, and administrators, though all were found to realize its importance. Likewise, major problems found are lack of digital devices, regular power supply and backup; and network connectivity. Based on the opinions of the respondents and observations of the situations of the different parts of the country running online education during this pandemic period, many recommendations are made. The country needs strategic plans and policy to make online education accessible to all learners specially in urban areas of Nepal and this will ensure online education smooth. It concludes that the Automatic Call Tree (ACT)-based modalities became fruitful for some schools of Nepal during Corona Virus (COVID)-19 pandemic. But many of them are facing different problems while conducting online classes, examination and result processing. Providing practical knowledge and skills about engineering, mathematics, health science, account, computer science subjects are very difficult and to examine them.
The Journal of Local-Governance and Development, 2021
The level of capacity which is essential to appreciate and utilize digital technology in any orga... more The level of capacity which is essential to appreciate and utilize digital technology in any organization or in the nation is refers as e-Readiness. E-Readiness of government is being a strong backbone to implement e-governance in the country. It became a vital policy tool for all countries since it enhances the trust of the citizens through applying the principles of good governance. The objective of this paper is to examine the e-Readiness status of Nepal. The literature review and content analysis methodology has applied during accomplishing the study. The study concludes that for improvement of the government efficiency, the Government organizations should implement ICT to improve service delivery for the citizens as well as businesses. E-governance activities enable a long-term revolution of the governments that helps far elsewhere the online service delivery. Based on the UN E-governance survey, data on E-governance readiness and participation indices for Nepal over a period of 2003-2020 were analyzed to have a deeper understanding of the current scenario.
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 2021
Information communication technology (ICT) has a lot of benefits and utilization in human real li... more Information communication technology (ICT) has a lot of benefits and utilization in human real life activities. One of the major sectors is education all over the world. Online education includes the use of digital tools and applications for teaching and learning procedure. The uses of technological tools which make empower students, teachers to teach and learn anytime and anywhere from any part of the universe. It became an ultimate organ of life for children, younger and elder too. This paper tries to discuss and analyze about the ICT tools like computers, the Internet, websites, mobile phones & applications, YouTube, and zoom. The study was accomplished by literature review and content analysis. The study concludes that the use of ICT tools and applications are being widely used in academic purpose during COVID-19 pandemic and these tools help teachers, learners and academic institutions for teaching learning activities. The study claims that the newly invention of digital accessories, ICT tools and applications, educational applications created serious problem to the students, teachers, institutions due to time to time upgrade the version of them. Due to poor economic conditions of the learners, teachers and institutions, they became unable to buy the upgraded version of the ICT tools and application. However, many of the students could not attend the online classes as well as teacher could not conduct the online classes. So, it became a serious issue in education sector in the globe. The study exposes that Facebook, close group, messenger, viber, Google meet, Google form, team, zoom, Skype, and What 'sap are mostly used for online class and they became popular among students and teachers in Nepal.
Information communication technology (ICT) has a lot of benefits and utilization in human real li... more Information communication technology (ICT) has a lot of benefits and utilization in human real life activities. One of the major sectors is education all over the world. Online education includes the use of digital tools and applications for teaching and learning procedure. The uses of technological tools which make empower students, teachers to teach and learn anytime and anywhere from any part of the universe. It became an ultimate organ of life for children, younger and elder too. This paper tries to discuss and analyze about the ICT tools like computers, the Internet, websites, mobile phones & applications, YouTube, and zoom. The study was accomplished by literature review and content analysis. The study concludes that the use of ICT tools and applications are being widely used in academic purpose during COVID-19 pandemic and these tools help teachers, learners and academic institutions for teaching learning activities. The study claims that the newly invention of digital accessories, ICT tools and applications, educational applications created serious problem to the students, teachers, institutions due to time to time upgrade the version of them. Due to poor economic conditions of the learners, teachers and institutions, they became unable to buy the upgraded version of the ICT tools and application. However, many of the students could not attend the online classes as well as teacher could not conduct the online classes. So, it became a serious issue in education sector in the globe. The study exposes that Facebook, close group, messenger, viber, Google meet, Google form, team, zoom, Skype, and What 'sap are mostly used for online class and they became popular among students and teachers in Nepal.
The Journal of Immunology, 2004
After stimulation in serum-free medium, cells were lysed with ice-cold lysis buffer containing 1%... more After stimulation in serum-free medium, cells were lysed with ice-cold lysis buffer containing 1% v/v Nonidet P-40, 100 mM NaCl, 20 mM Tris (pH 7.4), 10 mM iodoacetamide, 10 mM NaF, 1 mM sodium orthovanadate, and protease inhibitors (Sigma-Aldrich). Lysates were incubated at 4°C for 15 min, followed by centrifugation at 13,000 ϫ g for 15 min. The supernatant was precleared with protein A/G-Sepharose beads (Amersham Biosciences) for 1 h at 4°C, followed by the addition of 1 g/ml p85 mAb. After 2-h incubation at 4°C, protein G-Sepharose beads were added, and
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 2021
Education using the internet refers to online education through where teacher/students interact w... more Education using the internet refers to online education through where teacher/students interact with each other, share educational materials and knowledge, and skills. Online education system is not only the guide or moderator between teachers and learners but also a huge collection of learning materials (resources) with several learning tools and applications through which learner could learn any subject themselves as their need and wish.Due to COVID-19, the relevancy of online education is grooming not only in Nepal but also in the globe. Online education reflects their prospects and challenges during the implementation phase. The aim of the study to identify the prospects and challenges of online education. Qualitative approach has applied for completion to this study. The study concludes that online education provides equal access to education for all learners, academicians, and researchers. Challenges and difficulties of online education are to solve the problem of the Digital Divide of the Country. The Government should provide Broadband Internet or 3G/4G Wireless Network and online learning devices in the rural areas. They need to have training for the operation of online applications to solve the Computer Literacy problem. This article acknowledged that regular power supply, high speed internet, learning devices and materials, skilled teaching faculty, information communication and technology infrastructure and learning applications to conduct online classes are the major problems of online education. Technical training should provide to teaching staffs by concern institution to manage the learning skills.
High Risk of Cybercrime, Threat, Attack and Future Challenges in Nepal, 2020
Government organizations, citizens, businesses are being victimized by cyber-attacks, crimes, and... more Government organizations, citizens, businesses are being victimized by cyber-attacks, crimes, and threats. Globally people have been using cyber safety in every sector of daily life but huge numbers of criminal activities are increasing day by day using ICT tools and applications. The purpose of this paper is to explorer the high risk of cyberattacks, crime, threat and future challenges in Nepal. The study was carried out using content analysis, analysis of various survey reports and in-depth interviews with subject experts. The study claims that high risk of a cyberattack, crime, and threat have been increasing unexpectedly in various sector of Nepalese society. It is essential to make a common strategy to reduce the increasing technical risk related to cyber. The risk of cyberattack, crime, and threat is very high. So, IT audit must be made compulsory in each and every organization and original operating system as well as application software used. Strong cybersecurity precautions and technologies ought to be adopted during the installation of ICT automation. The paper claims that not only the banking sector but also the Government of Nepal should appoint cybersecurity personnel in their services so that the expert team will be able to fight against the cyber attack. As time is demanding 'Cyber Army' in Nepal, the Government should not delay forming a new force 'Cyber Army'.
Journal of Personnel Training Academy, 2018
Reform endeavor of the Civil Service of Nepal has been continued for long past. High-level recomm... more Reform endeavor of the Civil Service of Nepal has been continued for long past. High-level recommendation committees were formed to make it as per the citizens' interests. But, till it could not be able to fulfill the actual need of the people totally; there is still a huge gap. The main objective of the article is to review the reform of the civil service of Nepal with e-government practice. Content analysis was used to derive a conclusion in the case study. The study claimed that traditional modalities are not sufficient to make government services sooth and smart. Technology-based systems should be applied and a totally ICT based system could be the key driving force for its transformation. In the context of the present federal governance system, a paradigm shift with a big-bang approach is the actual requirement of the civil service. The study concludes that it is not possible to implement the e-government concept only from the government side, it needs people's support and trust.
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology , 2019
Technology-Based Training provides a practical and highly useful perspective on how to tackle the... more Technology-Based Training provides a practical and highly useful perspective on how to tackle the world of learning and technology. The trend of technology based training is in fashion of late in the academies. Training with Technology is being essential in every training institution to deliver training contents in easy and smart way so that learner can achieve the knowledge and skill without doubt. People are searching for ways to fully utilize the recent achieve in technology to improve work performance. Nepal has been also practicing use of technology in training since few years. This paper examines the ongoing practices and explorers recent advances in technology based training as well as examines different trainings and software applications available in the marketplace. Likewise, this article compares the costs and benefits of technology based training and identify several other factors that influence effectiveness of training. Finally, the paper concludes with a few guidelines on how training centers can effectively use technology to better deliver training and meet their human capital development needs. Training not only provides skills and knowledge to the learners but also changes the attitude and behavior of trainees.
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 2020
The aim of this paper is to the purposed a roadmap of digital Nepal and trying to explorer the va... more The aim of this paper is to the purposed a roadmap of digital Nepal and trying to explorer the various dimensions of the digital Nepal framework. The content analysis method was used for the study. The researcher claims that Digital Nepal is a broad conception of the Government of Nepal. The Government's big plan Digital Nepal is designed to facilitate Nepal to connect its driving socioeconomic growth of citizens which will help and support to achieve the sustainable development goal. The Digital Nepal Framework encompasses one nation, eight sectors, 80 digital initiatives. The study claims that there are eight dimensions of the Digital Nepal framework. They are the digital foundation, agriculture, health, education, energy, tourism; finance and urban. They will help to guide Nepal on its journey toward becoming a digital state in days to come. The Government of Nepal is successes in information and communication development in the nation. The possible roadmap of digital Nepal is clearly mentioned in two parts as infrastructure development and service and application. The way of digital Nepal is not so easy but the recent trends in the development of ICT in the country show that the true digital Nepal isn't as for as we think.
International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing , 2010
Measuring effectiveness analysis of civil service is not so easy job as we think. Information and... more Measuring effectiveness analysis of civil service is not so easy job as we think. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is being a fundamental tool of human being which is making our daily life activities easy, smart and simplify. ICT has played a role of pool between civil service and day to day service delivery. In this study, the author is trying to examine and investigate the effectiveness analysis of civil service using ICT in Nepal. Survey research with qualitative research technique has applied to collect primary data from civil servants of government organizations, whose primary role is to deliver public service. This paper concludes that the successful, effective civil service delivery of the country has been in itself a harbinger of national peace, progress and prosperity. The success of government is dependent on the trust and honesty of ruling political leaders; the civil servants; conscious people and one door delivery system. Researcher claims that ICT has been recognized as a critical component for the successful delivery of many existing services of government and it enables the service delivery to build on these successes and use ICT to operate in a more efficient, shared and integrated manner across all the government sectors. The government should create ICT awareness for the people, trust on technology and e-governance by decreasing the digital divide between common people and other citizens. People should adopt their ownership towards the electronic service delivery system. The service delivery system in Nepal seems poor in the sense of efficiency and effectiveness.
Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, 2019
C and C++ are the structure and object oriented programming language in computer language world. ... more C and C++ are the structure and object oriented programming language in computer language world. They are basic programming languages which deal about many programming concepts, structure, loops, methodology and modules. The objective of this study is to analyze the application of C and C++ programming language in engineering faculty. The content analysis, review articles and in-depth interview with subjects experts are used while study. The study concludes that the C and C++ develop programming concepts to the students. It elaborates the concepts of system analysis, feasibility study, planning, developing, coding, loops, logic, trial and error, testing and debugging. It clears the concepts of program implementation, training, documentation; and repair and maintenance. The theme of the study is, C programming language provides the theoretic and practical knowledge, skills about identifiers keywords, header files, data types, constant and variables, data input output, control statements, functions arrays, structure, data files and graphics. Likewise, C++ provides the knowledge about object oriented programming tokens, expression and control structures, function in C++, classes and objects, constructors and destructors, operator overloading and type conversions, inheritance: extending classes, pointers, virtual functions and polymorphism, managing console input output working with files templates exceptions handling manipulating strings.