Glen Luckjiff - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Glen Luckjiff

Research paper thumbnail of Power spectrum of a sigma-delta modulator with hexagonal vector quantization and constant input

ISCAS'99. Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems VLSI (Cat. No.99CH36349)

A new application of sigma-delta modulation has emerged in soft switching three phase power elect... more A new application of sigma-delta modulation has emerged in soft switching three phase power electronic converters. For this application, a conventional sigma-delta modulator with scalar signals and binary quantizer is generalized to a sigma-delta modulator with vector signals and a truncated hexagonal lattice quantizer. This vector sigma-delta modulator has an interesting output spectrum which is of importance in assessing performance and interpreting results. This paper analytically derives the output spectrum for the case of a generic constant input using ergodic theory and Fourier series on the hexagon.

Research paper thumbnail of Interpolative sigma delta modulators for high frequency power electronic applications

Proceedings of PESC '95 - Power Electronics Specialist Conference

Design techniques for interpolative ΣΔ modulators from communications are applied and adapted to ... more Design techniques for interpolative ΣΔ modulators from communications are applied and adapted to improve the spectral characteristics of high frequency power electronic applications. Interpolative ΣΔ modulators with hexagonal quantization are proposed for three-phase resonant DC link power converters. Experimental and simulation results for a resonant DC link show significant improvements in spectral performance

Research paper thumbnail of Dynamic voltage sag correction

Research paper thumbnail of A dual bridge high current DC-to-DC converter with soft switching capability

IAS '97. Conference Record of the 1997 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-Second IAS Annual Meeting

This paper presents a dual bridge high current DC-to-DC converter with soft switching capability.... more This paper presents a dual bridge high current DC-to-DC converter with soft switching capability. The proposed dual bridge power supply is based on the two switch isolated forward converter. Unlike conventional dual bridge forward converters, phase shift control is employed to regulate the output voltage and achieve soft switching. In addition, a single high frequency power transformer is proposed to improve the coupling between the two primary windings which provides auto-balancing for series connected bridges. The transformer leakage and magnetizing inductances are utilized effectively to achieve zero voltage turn on for the main devices

Research paper thumbnail of System design issues for resonant DC link inverter based drives

… 1993., Fifth European …, 1993

... R18-DC LINK rwviLRmR SYSTEM DlSIGU ISSWS Qjj U WED DRIVES .BUGHION I3 1691991 C. Chen GA Luck... more ... R18-DC LINK rwviLRmR SYSTEM DlSIGU ISSWS Qjj U WED DRIVES .BUGHION I3 1691991 C. Chen GA Luckjiff G ... to the ra8onant bus [U]. Isolation of tho resonant bus from the ac lino is provided ... is shown in Figure 5 . It incorporates the input line inductors (La-Lc), the diode ...

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of actively clamped resonant link inverter for low-output harmonic distortion high-power-density power converters

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2001

The suitability of a soft-switched actively clamped resonant dc-link (ACRDCL) inverter for low-ou... more The suitability of a soft-switched actively clamped resonant dc-link (ACRDCL) inverter for low-output harmonic distortion/high-power-density power conversion is evaluated. Modulation and control techniques for achieving low-output harmonic distortion are described. Performance and power density of the ACRDCL inverter are maximized through the optimal design of the clamp circuit, resonant components, and output filter components. The ACRDCL inverter simulation and design are validated experimentally. For the same output kilovoltamperes, efficiency and harmonic performance as the ACRDCL inverter, hard-switched designs are compared. Methods to increase the power density of the ACRDCL are proposed, including the use of recently developed nonpunchthrough insulated gate bipolar transistors.

Research paper thumbnail of A Grid Information Resource for Nationwide Real-Time Power Monitoring

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2004

A significant barrier to improving the power quality at industrial facilities is the lack of cont... more A significant barrier to improving the power quality at industrial facilities is the lack of contemporaneous and historical power quality and reliability data. A new Web-enabled near-real-time power quality and reliability monitoring system, termed I-Grid, has been developed to provide such information on a nationwide basis. The ultralow-cost sensors record power events and send event data via the Internet to the system database servers using an internal modem. Data display, e-mail event notification, site administration, and summary reporting of the data are achieved via a Web browser. In cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, the Electric Power Research Institute, and leading utilities and manufacturers, the deployment of these sensors has begun, with a target deployment of 50 000 monitors across the U.S. and Canada over the next 2-4 years. This paper discusses the implementation of this grid information resource, and discusses data captured by the network since early monitors were deployed in 2001.

Research paper thumbnail of Modulator for resonant link converters

Research paper thumbnail of Hexagonal Sigma-Delta modulation

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, 2003

A novel application and generalization of sigma-delta (61) modulation has emerged in three-phase ... more A novel application and generalization of sigma-delta (61) modulation has emerged in three-phase power-electronic converters. A conventional 61 modulator with scalar signals and binary quantizer is generalized to a 61 modulator with vector signals and a hexagonal quantizer. Indeed, power-electronic switching states may be thought of as determining the quantizer outputs. The output spectrum is a key performance measure for both communications and power electronics. This paper analytically derives the output spectrum of the hexagonal 61 modulator with a constant input using ergodic theory and Fourier series on the hexagon. The switching rate of the modulator is important for power-electronic design and formulas for the average switching rate are derived for constant and slowly varying sinusoidal inputs.

Research paper thumbnail of Current mode control of a full bridge DC-to-DC converter with a two inductor rectifier

PESC97. Record 28th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Formerly Power Conditioning Specialists Conference 1970-71. Power Processing and Electronic Specialists Conference 1972

In this pager, both peak current mode and average current mode control schemes will be iniveskiga... more In this pager, both peak current mode and average current mode control schemes will be iniveskigated as applied to a full bridge PWM converter with a two iinductor rectifier. The two inductor rectifier circuit offers reduced secondary side current rating and i s most suitable for high current applications. With current mode control, the two ~n d~c~o r rectifier is modelled as two parallel connected buck converlcrs.

Research paper thumbnail of Feedback linearization of current regulated induction motors

2001 IEEE 32nd Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37230)

Feedback Linearization of Current Regulated Induction Motors Glen Luckjiff Ian Wallace Deepak Div... more Feedback Linearization of Current Regulated Induction Motors Glen Luckjiff Ian Wallace Deepak Divan Soft Switching Technologies Middleton, WI 53562 email: gluckjiff@softswitch.com ... Considering a motor with one pole pair, the torque is given by Tern = @sdisq - Qsqisd. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Case studies from operation of a nationwide PQ&R monitoring system

NDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS are increasingly impacted by poor power quality an... more NDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS are increasingly impacted by poor power quality and reliability (PQ&R). A utility distribution system fault, even hundreds of miles away, can cause widespread voltage sags that shut down susceptible process equipment [1]. Correlating process interruptions with voltage disturbances requires prompt notification of such PQ&R events. Effective communication with the utility company and assessment of mitigation equipment options are greatly facilitated when local historical PQ&R data are available, but only if the information is put in a form that the customer can act on. A Web-based, near real-time PQ&R monitoring system is continuing to be put in place to provide such information, both locally and on a nationwide basis [2]. Low-cost monitors record PQ&R event characteristics and, using an internal modem, transmit event data via the Internet to a central database. The database servers are a component of the system, and no additional hardware or software is needed by the end user. The monitor system infrastructure, shared by all monitor owners, provides capabilities for data aggregation and display, e-mail and pager notification, site administration, and summary reporting of the data using a Web browser. The system provides real-time notification of PQ&R events at single or multiple facilities and access to statistical information and trends related to PQ&R events as well as voltage regulation and imbalance. A principal goal is deployment of a vast network of monitors, which cannot be accomplished unless the monitors are affordable and the infrastructure is scalable.

Research paper thumbnail of Operational experience with a nationwide power quality and reliability monitoring system

38th IAS Annual Meeting on Conference Record of the Industry Applications Conference, 2003.

An end-to-end web-based electric power quality and reliability monitoring system has been operati... more An end-to-end web-based electric power quality and reliability monitoring system has been operating since mid-2002. Today, more than 700 monitor nodes are placed in 46 states across the nation and more than 90000 PQ events have been captured. Exceptionally low cost monitors are key to affording broad deployment by corporations, utilities, and single customers. Large industrial users benefit from the event notification, data reporting and statistical summary capabilities to understand the impact of power quality on their operations at multiple facilities and to specify optimal solutions to mitigate these problems. Case studies from the first year of system operation are discussed, which demonstrate the potential for realizing a nationwide power quality and reliability monitoring system.

Research paper thumbnail of Design considerations for a soft-switched modular 2.4-MVA medium-voltage drive

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2002

A new six-phase 2.4-MVA soft-switched medium-voltage drive system utilizing series-stacked module... more A new six-phase 2.4-MVA soft-switched medium-voltage drive system utilizing series-stacked modules with low-voltage devices has been developed. The drive system combines a new soft-switched dc-dc converter with resonant dc-link inverter technology to deliver extremely low total harmoic distortion sinusoidal output, high power density, and high efficiency. The series-stacked configuration with the associated single-phase loading lead to unique power and control design challenges. Device selection, control of parasitic elements, sensing methods for converter control, custom magnetic component design, and clamping techniques have lead to a substantial improvement in device voltage utilization. The dc-dc converter controls must regulate the intermediate dc-bus voltage under single-phase loading while balancing transformer excitation and maintaining zero-voltage switching, among other tasks. Proper control of the resonant dc-link inverter requires the selection and tuning of the appropriate modulator and understanding its effect on the power circuit ratings.

Research paper thumbnail of Dynamic sag correctors: cost-effective industrial power line conditioning

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2001

Voltage sags, transients, and momentary interruption of power together constitute 92% of the powe... more Voltage sags, transients, and momentary interruption of power together constitute 92% of the power quality problems encountered by typical industrial customers. The series-parallel-connected Dynamic Sag Corrector (DySC) provides statistically significant protection at greatly reduced cost. The DySC is rated from 1.5-kVA one phase to 2000-kVA three phase and features a patented single-stage power conversion circuit with minimal stored energy. A unique circuit allows operation with opened upstream circuit breaker. This paper presents a detailed discussion of DySC operating principles and validation of performance. It also provides conditions under which this new category of product can be applied.

Research paper thumbnail of Power quality and reliability

IEEE Industry Applications Magazine, 2005

NDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS are increasingly impacted by poor power quality an... more NDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS are increasingly impacted by poor power quality and reliability (PQ&R). A utility distribution system fault, even hundreds of miles away, can cause widespread voltage sags that shut down susceptible process equipment [1]. Correlating process interruptions with voltage disturbances requires prompt notification of such PQ&R events. Effective communication with the utility company and assessment of mitigation equipment options are greatly facilitated when local historical PQ&R data are available, but only if the information is put in a form that the customer can act on. A Web-based, near real-time PQ&R monitoring system is continuing to be put in place to provide such information, both locally and on a nationwide basis [2]. Low-cost monitors record PQ&R event characteristics and, using an internal modem, transmit event data via the Internet to a central database. The database servers are a component of the system, and no additional hardware or software is needed by the end user. The monitor system infrastructure, shared by all monitor owners, provides capabilities for data aggregation and display, e-mail and pager notification, site administration, and summary reporting of the data using a Web browser. The system provides real-time notification of PQ&R events at single or multiple facilities and access to statistical information and trends related to PQ&R events as well as voltage regulation and imbalance. A principal goal is deployment of a vast network of monitors, which cannot be accomplished unless the monitors are affordable and the infrastructure is scalable.

Research paper thumbnail of Hexagonal$Sigma Delta$Modulators in Power Electronics

IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2005

Design techniques for 61 modulators from communications are applied and adapted to improve the sp... more Design techniques for 61 modulators from communications are applied and adapted to improve the spectral characteristics of high frequency power electronic applications. A high frequency power electronic circuit can be regarded as a quantizer in an interpolative 61modulator.Wereviewonedimensional61 modulators and then generalize to the hexagonal sigma-delta modulators that are appropriate to three-phase converters. A range of interpolative modulator designs from communications can then be generalized and applied to power electronic circuits. White noise spectral analysis of sigma-delta modulators is generalized and applied to analyze the designs so that the noise can be shaped to design requirements. Simulation results for an inverter show significant improvements in spectral performance.

Research paper thumbnail of Hexagonal ΣΔ modulators in power electronics

Ieee Transactions on Power Electronics, Oct 1, 2005

Design techniques for 61 modulators from communications are applied and adapted to improve the sp... more Design techniques for 61 modulators from communications are applied and adapted to improve the spectral characteristics of high frequency power electronic applications. A high frequency power electronic circuit can be regarded as a quantizer in an interpolative 61modulator.Wereviewonedimensional61 modulators and then generalize to the hexagonal sigma-delta modulators that are appropriate to three-phase converters. A range of interpolative modulator designs from communications can then be generalized and applied to power electronic circuits. White noise spectral analysis of sigma-delta modulators is generalized and applied to analyze the designs so that the noise can be shaped to design requirements. Simulation results for an inverter show significant improvements in spectral performance.

Research paper thumbnail of Power spectrum of a sigma-delta modulator with hexagonal vector quantization and constant input

ISCAS'99. Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems VLSI (Cat. No.99CH36349)

A new application of sigma-delta modulation has emerged in soft switching three phase power elect... more A new application of sigma-delta modulation has emerged in soft switching three phase power electronic converters. For this application, a conventional sigma-delta modulator with scalar signals and binary quantizer is generalized to a sigma-delta modulator with vector signals and a truncated hexagonal lattice quantizer. This vector sigma-delta modulator has an interesting output spectrum which is of importance in assessing performance and interpreting results. This paper analytically derives the output spectrum for the case of a generic constant input using ergodic theory and Fourier series on the hexagon.

Research paper thumbnail of Interpolative sigma delta modulators for high frequency power electronic applications

Proceedings of PESC '95 - Power Electronics Specialist Conference

Design techniques for interpolative ΣΔ modulators from communications are applied and adapted to ... more Design techniques for interpolative ΣΔ modulators from communications are applied and adapted to improve the spectral characteristics of high frequency power electronic applications. Interpolative ΣΔ modulators with hexagonal quantization are proposed for three-phase resonant DC link power converters. Experimental and simulation results for a resonant DC link show significant improvements in spectral performance

Research paper thumbnail of Dynamic voltage sag correction

Research paper thumbnail of A dual bridge high current DC-to-DC converter with soft switching capability

IAS '97. Conference Record of the 1997 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-Second IAS Annual Meeting

This paper presents a dual bridge high current DC-to-DC converter with soft switching capability.... more This paper presents a dual bridge high current DC-to-DC converter with soft switching capability. The proposed dual bridge power supply is based on the two switch isolated forward converter. Unlike conventional dual bridge forward converters, phase shift control is employed to regulate the output voltage and achieve soft switching. In addition, a single high frequency power transformer is proposed to improve the coupling between the two primary windings which provides auto-balancing for series connected bridges. The transformer leakage and magnetizing inductances are utilized effectively to achieve zero voltage turn on for the main devices

Research paper thumbnail of System design issues for resonant DC link inverter based drives

… 1993., Fifth European …, 1993

... R18-DC LINK rwviLRmR SYSTEM DlSIGU ISSWS Qjj U WED DRIVES .BUGHION I3 1691991 C. Chen GA Luck... more ... R18-DC LINK rwviLRmR SYSTEM DlSIGU ISSWS Qjj U WED DRIVES .BUGHION I3 1691991 C. Chen GA Luckjiff G ... to the ra8onant bus [U]. Isolation of tho resonant bus from the ac lino is provided ... is shown in Figure 5 . It incorporates the input line inductors (La-Lc), the diode ...

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of actively clamped resonant link inverter for low-output harmonic distortion high-power-density power converters

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2001

The suitability of a soft-switched actively clamped resonant dc-link (ACRDCL) inverter for low-ou... more The suitability of a soft-switched actively clamped resonant dc-link (ACRDCL) inverter for low-output harmonic distortion/high-power-density power conversion is evaluated. Modulation and control techniques for achieving low-output harmonic distortion are described. Performance and power density of the ACRDCL inverter are maximized through the optimal design of the clamp circuit, resonant components, and output filter components. The ACRDCL inverter simulation and design are validated experimentally. For the same output kilovoltamperes, efficiency and harmonic performance as the ACRDCL inverter, hard-switched designs are compared. Methods to increase the power density of the ACRDCL are proposed, including the use of recently developed nonpunchthrough insulated gate bipolar transistors.

Research paper thumbnail of A Grid Information Resource for Nationwide Real-Time Power Monitoring

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2004

A significant barrier to improving the power quality at industrial facilities is the lack of cont... more A significant barrier to improving the power quality at industrial facilities is the lack of contemporaneous and historical power quality and reliability data. A new Web-enabled near-real-time power quality and reliability monitoring system, termed I-Grid, has been developed to provide such information on a nationwide basis. The ultralow-cost sensors record power events and send event data via the Internet to the system database servers using an internal modem. Data display, e-mail event notification, site administration, and summary reporting of the data are achieved via a Web browser. In cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, the Electric Power Research Institute, and leading utilities and manufacturers, the deployment of these sensors has begun, with a target deployment of 50 000 monitors across the U.S. and Canada over the next 2-4 years. This paper discusses the implementation of this grid information resource, and discusses data captured by the network since early monitors were deployed in 2001.

Research paper thumbnail of Modulator for resonant link converters

Research paper thumbnail of Hexagonal Sigma-Delta modulation

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, 2003

A novel application and generalization of sigma-delta (61) modulation has emerged in three-phase ... more A novel application and generalization of sigma-delta (61) modulation has emerged in three-phase power-electronic converters. A conventional 61 modulator with scalar signals and binary quantizer is generalized to a 61 modulator with vector signals and a hexagonal quantizer. Indeed, power-electronic switching states may be thought of as determining the quantizer outputs. The output spectrum is a key performance measure for both communications and power electronics. This paper analytically derives the output spectrum of the hexagonal 61 modulator with a constant input using ergodic theory and Fourier series on the hexagon. The switching rate of the modulator is important for power-electronic design and formulas for the average switching rate are derived for constant and slowly varying sinusoidal inputs.

Research paper thumbnail of Current mode control of a full bridge DC-to-DC converter with a two inductor rectifier

PESC97. Record 28th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Formerly Power Conditioning Specialists Conference 1970-71. Power Processing and Electronic Specialists Conference 1972

In this pager, both peak current mode and average current mode control schemes will be iniveskiga... more In this pager, both peak current mode and average current mode control schemes will be iniveskigated as applied to a full bridge PWM converter with a two iinductor rectifier. The two inductor rectifier circuit offers reduced secondary side current rating and i s most suitable for high current applications. With current mode control, the two ~n d~c~o r rectifier is modelled as two parallel connected buck converlcrs.

Research paper thumbnail of Feedback linearization of current regulated induction motors

2001 IEEE 32nd Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37230)

Feedback Linearization of Current Regulated Induction Motors Glen Luckjiff Ian Wallace Deepak Div... more Feedback Linearization of Current Regulated Induction Motors Glen Luckjiff Ian Wallace Deepak Divan Soft Switching Technologies Middleton, WI 53562 email: gluckjiff@softswitch.com ... Considering a motor with one pole pair, the torque is given by Tern = @sdisq - Qsqisd. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Case studies from operation of a nationwide PQ&R monitoring system

NDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS are increasingly impacted by poor power quality an... more NDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS are increasingly impacted by poor power quality and reliability (PQ&R). A utility distribution system fault, even hundreds of miles away, can cause widespread voltage sags that shut down susceptible process equipment [1]. Correlating process interruptions with voltage disturbances requires prompt notification of such PQ&R events. Effective communication with the utility company and assessment of mitigation equipment options are greatly facilitated when local historical PQ&R data are available, but only if the information is put in a form that the customer can act on. A Web-based, near real-time PQ&R monitoring system is continuing to be put in place to provide such information, both locally and on a nationwide basis [2]. Low-cost monitors record PQ&R event characteristics and, using an internal modem, transmit event data via the Internet to a central database. The database servers are a component of the system, and no additional hardware or software is needed by the end user. The monitor system infrastructure, shared by all monitor owners, provides capabilities for data aggregation and display, e-mail and pager notification, site administration, and summary reporting of the data using a Web browser. The system provides real-time notification of PQ&R events at single or multiple facilities and access to statistical information and trends related to PQ&R events as well as voltage regulation and imbalance. A principal goal is deployment of a vast network of monitors, which cannot be accomplished unless the monitors are affordable and the infrastructure is scalable.

Research paper thumbnail of Operational experience with a nationwide power quality and reliability monitoring system

38th IAS Annual Meeting on Conference Record of the Industry Applications Conference, 2003.

An end-to-end web-based electric power quality and reliability monitoring system has been operati... more An end-to-end web-based electric power quality and reliability monitoring system has been operating since mid-2002. Today, more than 700 monitor nodes are placed in 46 states across the nation and more than 90000 PQ events have been captured. Exceptionally low cost monitors are key to affording broad deployment by corporations, utilities, and single customers. Large industrial users benefit from the event notification, data reporting and statistical summary capabilities to understand the impact of power quality on their operations at multiple facilities and to specify optimal solutions to mitigate these problems. Case studies from the first year of system operation are discussed, which demonstrate the potential for realizing a nationwide power quality and reliability monitoring system.

Research paper thumbnail of Design considerations for a soft-switched modular 2.4-MVA medium-voltage drive

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2002

A new six-phase 2.4-MVA soft-switched medium-voltage drive system utilizing series-stacked module... more A new six-phase 2.4-MVA soft-switched medium-voltage drive system utilizing series-stacked modules with low-voltage devices has been developed. The drive system combines a new soft-switched dc-dc converter with resonant dc-link inverter technology to deliver extremely low total harmoic distortion sinusoidal output, high power density, and high efficiency. The series-stacked configuration with the associated single-phase loading lead to unique power and control design challenges. Device selection, control of parasitic elements, sensing methods for converter control, custom magnetic component design, and clamping techniques have lead to a substantial improvement in device voltage utilization. The dc-dc converter controls must regulate the intermediate dc-bus voltage under single-phase loading while balancing transformer excitation and maintaining zero-voltage switching, among other tasks. Proper control of the resonant dc-link inverter requires the selection and tuning of the appropriate modulator and understanding its effect on the power circuit ratings.

Research paper thumbnail of Dynamic sag correctors: cost-effective industrial power line conditioning

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2001

Voltage sags, transients, and momentary interruption of power together constitute 92% of the powe... more Voltage sags, transients, and momentary interruption of power together constitute 92% of the power quality problems encountered by typical industrial customers. The series-parallel-connected Dynamic Sag Corrector (DySC) provides statistically significant protection at greatly reduced cost. The DySC is rated from 1.5-kVA one phase to 2000-kVA three phase and features a patented single-stage power conversion circuit with minimal stored energy. A unique circuit allows operation with opened upstream circuit breaker. This paper presents a detailed discussion of DySC operating principles and validation of performance. It also provides conditions under which this new category of product can be applied.

Research paper thumbnail of Power quality and reliability

IEEE Industry Applications Magazine, 2005

NDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS are increasingly impacted by poor power quality an... more NDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS are increasingly impacted by poor power quality and reliability (PQ&R). A utility distribution system fault, even hundreds of miles away, can cause widespread voltage sags that shut down susceptible process equipment [1]. Correlating process interruptions with voltage disturbances requires prompt notification of such PQ&R events. Effective communication with the utility company and assessment of mitigation equipment options are greatly facilitated when local historical PQ&R data are available, but only if the information is put in a form that the customer can act on. A Web-based, near real-time PQ&R monitoring system is continuing to be put in place to provide such information, both locally and on a nationwide basis [2]. Low-cost monitors record PQ&R event characteristics and, using an internal modem, transmit event data via the Internet to a central database. The database servers are a component of the system, and no additional hardware or software is needed by the end user. The monitor system infrastructure, shared by all monitor owners, provides capabilities for data aggregation and display, e-mail and pager notification, site administration, and summary reporting of the data using a Web browser. The system provides real-time notification of PQ&R events at single or multiple facilities and access to statistical information and trends related to PQ&R events as well as voltage regulation and imbalance. A principal goal is deployment of a vast network of monitors, which cannot be accomplished unless the monitors are affordable and the infrastructure is scalable.

Research paper thumbnail of Hexagonal$Sigma Delta$Modulators in Power Electronics

IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2005

Design techniques for 61 modulators from communications are applied and adapted to improve the sp... more Design techniques for 61 modulators from communications are applied and adapted to improve the spectral characteristics of high frequency power electronic applications. A high frequency power electronic circuit can be regarded as a quantizer in an interpolative 61modulator.Wereviewonedimensional61 modulators and then generalize to the hexagonal sigma-delta modulators that are appropriate to three-phase converters. A range of interpolative modulator designs from communications can then be generalized and applied to power electronic circuits. White noise spectral analysis of sigma-delta modulators is generalized and applied to analyze the designs so that the noise can be shaped to design requirements. Simulation results for an inverter show significant improvements in spectral performance.

Research paper thumbnail of Hexagonal ΣΔ modulators in power electronics

Ieee Transactions on Power Electronics, Oct 1, 2005

Design techniques for 61 modulators from communications are applied and adapted to improve the sp... more Design techniques for 61 modulators from communications are applied and adapted to improve the spectral characteristics of high frequency power electronic applications. A high frequency power electronic circuit can be regarded as a quantizer in an interpolative 61modulator.Wereviewonedimensional61 modulators and then generalize to the hexagonal sigma-delta modulators that are appropriate to three-phase converters. A range of interpolative modulator designs from communications can then be generalized and applied to power electronic circuits. White noise spectral analysis of sigma-delta modulators is generalized and applied to analyze the designs so that the noise can be shaped to design requirements. Simulation results for an inverter show significant improvements in spectral performance.