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Research paper thumbnail of Genetically Modified Rice, International Trade, and First-Mover Advantage: The Case of India and China

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Research paper thumbnail of Parables: applied economics literature about the impact of genetically engineered crop varieties in developing economies

A vast literature has accumulated since crop varieties with transgenic resistance to insects and ... more A vast literature has accumulated since crop varieties with transgenic resistance to insects and herbicide tolerance were released to farmers in 1996 and 1997. A comparatively minor segment of this literature consists of studies conducted by agricultural economists to measure the farm-level impact of transgenic crop varieties, the size and distribution of the economic benefits from adopting them, consumer attitudes toward GE products, and implications for international trade. This paper focuses only on the applied economics literature about the impact of transgenic crop varieties in non-industrialized agricultural systems, with an emphasis on methods. A number of studies have surveyed the findings for both industrialized and non-industrialized agriculture, at various points in time, but surveys of methods are less frequent and have typically examined only one overall question or approach. Clearly, the methods used in research influence the findings that are presented and what they m...

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Research paper thumbnail of Product Carbon Footprint Labels & International Trade

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Research paper thumbnail of 2010 | 223 Kimani & Gruère-Implications of Import Regulations & Information Requirements under the Cartagena Protocol in Kenya AgBioForum

This study investigates the implications of implementing information requirements under the Carta... more This study investigates the implications of implementing information requirements under the Cartagena Protocol on Bio-safety's Article 18.2.a in Kenya. It also assesses the challenges associated with the upcoming introduction of import regulations for genetically modified (GM) food in a country that largely imports and transports grain in East Africa. The analysis shows that Kenya has been importing GM grains for the past few years and that border control under pending regulation will be difficult and costly. While the Protocol's information requirement's "may contain" option does not require too much effort, implementing the strict "does contain" option will significantly increase the cost of trade and potentially the price of grains in Kenya. These results suggest that a regional approach to import control is necessary , and that Kenya should reconsider its support to the "does contain" option of the Protocol.

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Research paper thumbnail of A Concerted Approach to Biodiversity, Water, Food, and Trade

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Research paper thumbnail of Measuring progress in agricultural water management

OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers, 2021

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Research paper thumbnail of Global Facilitation Unit for Underutilized Species MARKETING UNDERUTILIZED CROPS : THE CASE OF THE AFRICAN GARDEN EGG ( SOLANUM AETHIOPICUM ) IN GHANA by

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Research paper thumbnail of Expected Economic Effects of GM Food Labeling 3 3 . GM Food Labeling and Consumer Reaction 5 4

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Research paper thumbnail of Agriculture and water policy changes

This report takes stock of agriculture and water policy changes from 2009 to 2019 and assesses th... more This report takes stock of agriculture and water policy changes from 2009 to 2019 and assesses the alignment of these changes with relevant sections of the OECD Council Recommendation on Water and the 2017 G20 Agriculture Ministerial Action Plan on water and food security. The analysis builds on results from a 2019 survey on agriculture and water policy changes which gathered responses from 38 countries – including OECD countries, Costa Rica, Colombia, and Cabo Verde – and the European Union. A methodology was developed to convert survey responses into indices of alignment of policy changes with OECD and G20 recommendations. Results show that changes in water and agriculture policies from 2009 to 2019 were uneven across countries and investigated policy areas (water governance, water quality, water quantity and water risks), with some countries undertaking important reforms whereas others mainly improved existing policies. On average, alignment indices suggest that agriculture and w...

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Research paper thumbnail of Viewpoint: Characterising early agricultural and food policy responses to the outbreak of COVID-19

Food Policy, 2021

This article reviews and categorises early policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, based on a ... more This article reviews and categorises early policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, based on a dataset of 496 measures taken by 54 countries between January 1 and April 28 and collected by the OECD from government officials and additional sources. Findings show a large diversity of measures, some of which were urgent and necessary, some that may continue to be beneficial once the pandemic has subsided, while others are potentially disruptive for the functioning of markets or damaging for the environment. National allocations of measures show differences between developed OECD countries, which used more agriculture or support related measures, and emerging economies, which focused on trade policies, information provision or food assistance. A minimum USD 47.6 billion was allocated by OECD governments to the agriculture and food sector, mostly in the form of domestic food assistance and support to agriculture and the food chain.

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Research paper thumbnail of Genetically modified crops in Africa: Economic and policy lessons from countries south of the Sahara

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Research paper thumbnail of Reforming water policies in agriculture

OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers, 2018

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Research paper thumbnail of Policy options for promoting urban–rural cooperation in water management: a review

International Journal of Water Resources Development, 2016

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Research paper thumbnail of Foyer de risques agricoles liés à l'eau

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Research paper thumbnail of Assessing the potential economic impact of Bt cotton in West Africa : preliminary findings and elements of a proposed methodology; revised final report in partial fulfillment of World Bank

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Research paper thumbnail of Refining estimates of the opportunity cost of non-adoption of Bt cotton: the case of seven countries in Sub-Saharan Africa

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Research paper thumbnail of Market effects of information requirements under the Biosafety Protocol

International Economics, 2013

ABSTRACT This paper assesses the global economic implications of the proposed strict documentatio... more ABSTRACT This paper assesses the global economic implications of the proposed strict documentation requirements on traded shipments of potentially genetically modified (GM) commodities under the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety. Using a spatial equilibrium model with 80 maize and 53 soybean trading countries, we show that information requirements would have a significant effect on the world market for maize and soybeans, distorting trade and generating welfare losses for all Protocol members and for non-members that produce GM maize and/or soybeans. While non-GM producers in Protocol member countries would benefit, the regulation would negatively impact consumers and producers in many developing countries.

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Research paper thumbnail of A Characterisation of Environmental Labelling and Information Schemes

OECD Environment Working Papers, 2013

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Research paper thumbnail of Collective Action and Marketing of Underutilized Plant Species: The Case of Minor Millets in Kolli Hills, Tamil Nadu, India

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Research paper thumbnail of The Price and Trade Effects of Strict Information Requirements for Genetically Modified Commodities under the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety

The Price and Trade Effects of Strict Information Requirements for Genetically Modified Commoditi... more The Price and Trade Effects of Strict Information Requirements for Genetically Modified Commodities under the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety

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Research paper thumbnail of Genetically Modified Rice, International Trade, and First-Mover Advantage: The Case of India and China

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Research paper thumbnail of Parables: applied economics literature about the impact of genetically engineered crop varieties in developing economies

A vast literature has accumulated since crop varieties with transgenic resistance to insects and ... more A vast literature has accumulated since crop varieties with transgenic resistance to insects and herbicide tolerance were released to farmers in 1996 and 1997. A comparatively minor segment of this literature consists of studies conducted by agricultural economists to measure the farm-level impact of transgenic crop varieties, the size and distribution of the economic benefits from adopting them, consumer attitudes toward GE products, and implications for international trade. This paper focuses only on the applied economics literature about the impact of transgenic crop varieties in non-industrialized agricultural systems, with an emphasis on methods. A number of studies have surveyed the findings for both industrialized and non-industrialized agriculture, at various points in time, but surveys of methods are less frequent and have typically examined only one overall question or approach. Clearly, the methods used in research influence the findings that are presented and what they m...

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Research paper thumbnail of Product Carbon Footprint Labels & International Trade

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Research paper thumbnail of 2010 | 223 Kimani & Gruère-Implications of Import Regulations & Information Requirements under the Cartagena Protocol in Kenya AgBioForum

This study investigates the implications of implementing information requirements under the Carta... more This study investigates the implications of implementing information requirements under the Cartagena Protocol on Bio-safety's Article 18.2.a in Kenya. It also assesses the challenges associated with the upcoming introduction of import regulations for genetically modified (GM) food in a country that largely imports and transports grain in East Africa. The analysis shows that Kenya has been importing GM grains for the past few years and that border control under pending regulation will be difficult and costly. While the Protocol's information requirement's "may contain" option does not require too much effort, implementing the strict "does contain" option will significantly increase the cost of trade and potentially the price of grains in Kenya. These results suggest that a regional approach to import control is necessary , and that Kenya should reconsider its support to the "does contain" option of the Protocol.

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Research paper thumbnail of A Concerted Approach to Biodiversity, Water, Food, and Trade

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Research paper thumbnail of Measuring progress in agricultural water management

OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers, 2021

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Research paper thumbnail of Global Facilitation Unit for Underutilized Species MARKETING UNDERUTILIZED CROPS : THE CASE OF THE AFRICAN GARDEN EGG ( SOLANUM AETHIOPICUM ) IN GHANA by

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Research paper thumbnail of Expected Economic Effects of GM Food Labeling 3 3 . GM Food Labeling and Consumer Reaction 5 4

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Research paper thumbnail of Agriculture and water policy changes

This report takes stock of agriculture and water policy changes from 2009 to 2019 and assesses th... more This report takes stock of agriculture and water policy changes from 2009 to 2019 and assesses the alignment of these changes with relevant sections of the OECD Council Recommendation on Water and the 2017 G20 Agriculture Ministerial Action Plan on water and food security. The analysis builds on results from a 2019 survey on agriculture and water policy changes which gathered responses from 38 countries – including OECD countries, Costa Rica, Colombia, and Cabo Verde – and the European Union. A methodology was developed to convert survey responses into indices of alignment of policy changes with OECD and G20 recommendations. Results show that changes in water and agriculture policies from 2009 to 2019 were uneven across countries and investigated policy areas (water governance, water quality, water quantity and water risks), with some countries undertaking important reforms whereas others mainly improved existing policies. On average, alignment indices suggest that agriculture and w...

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Viewpoint: Characterising early agricultural and food policy responses to the outbreak of COVID-19

Food Policy, 2021

This article reviews and categorises early policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, based on a ... more This article reviews and categorises early policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, based on a dataset of 496 measures taken by 54 countries between January 1 and April 28 and collected by the OECD from government officials and additional sources. Findings show a large diversity of measures, some of which were urgent and necessary, some that may continue to be beneficial once the pandemic has subsided, while others are potentially disruptive for the functioning of markets or damaging for the environment. National allocations of measures show differences between developed OECD countries, which used more agriculture or support related measures, and emerging economies, which focused on trade policies, information provision or food assistance. A minimum USD 47.6 billion was allocated by OECD governments to the agriculture and food sector, mostly in the form of domestic food assistance and support to agriculture and the food chain.

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Research paper thumbnail of Genetically modified crops in Africa: Economic and policy lessons from countries south of the Sahara

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Reforming water policies in agriculture

OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers, 2018

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Policy options for promoting urban–rural cooperation in water management: a review

International Journal of Water Resources Development, 2016

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Foyer de risques agricoles liés à l'eau

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Assessing the potential economic impact of Bt cotton in West Africa : preliminary findings and elements of a proposed methodology; revised final report in partial fulfillment of World Bank

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Refining estimates of the opportunity cost of non-adoption of Bt cotton: the case of seven countries in Sub-Saharan Africa

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Market effects of information requirements under the Biosafety Protocol

International Economics, 2013

ABSTRACT This paper assesses the global economic implications of the proposed strict documentatio... more ABSTRACT This paper assesses the global economic implications of the proposed strict documentation requirements on traded shipments of potentially genetically modified (GM) commodities under the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety. Using a spatial equilibrium model with 80 maize and 53 soybean trading countries, we show that information requirements would have a significant effect on the world market for maize and soybeans, distorting trade and generating welfare losses for all Protocol members and for non-members that produce GM maize and/or soybeans. While non-GM producers in Protocol member countries would benefit, the regulation would negatively impact consumers and producers in many developing countries.

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Research paper thumbnail of A Characterisation of Environmental Labelling and Information Schemes

OECD Environment Working Papers, 2013

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Research paper thumbnail of Collective Action and Marketing of Underutilized Plant Species: The Case of Minor Millets in Kolli Hills, Tamil Nadu, India

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of The Price and Trade Effects of Strict Information Requirements for Genetically Modified Commodities under the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety

The Price and Trade Effects of Strict Information Requirements for Genetically Modified Commoditi... more The Price and Trade Effects of Strict Information Requirements for Genetically Modified Commodities under the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety

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