Habip Muruz - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Habip Muruz

Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, Jul 9, 2023

The objective was to evaluate the effect of free-choice provision of different forage sources [(a... more The objective was to evaluate the effect of free-choice provision of different forage sources [(alfalfa hay (AH) or grass hay (GH)] in preweaning period on performance and rumen fermentation of Simmental female calves. Twenty-one individually housed Simmental calves (46.69 ± 4.14 birth weight, 3 days old) were randomly allocated into 3 treatments of 7 calves each: Control: pelleted starter without forage, GH: pelleted starter + GH and AH: pelleted starter feed + AH. The study continued from 3 days of age to 56 days of age. All calves were fed 2 × 2.6 L of whole milk (5.2 L/day) until the end of the experiment. Starter and forage were offered ad libitum in different buckets during the experiment. Feed intake was monitored daily, and body weight was measured at the begining and at the end of the experiment. Ruminal fluid samples were taken from calves on the last day of the experiment. Inclusion of forage in the diet had no significant effect on starter intake, final body weight, body structure, average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio. Fecal scores were also not affected by the treatments. At the end of the study, calves fed pelleted starter had lower rumen pH than calves fed forage supplemented diets (P<0.001). On the other hand, calves fed with forage-supplemented diets had higher acetate and acetate to propionate ratios than calves fed starter diets alone (P<0.01). Based on the conditions of our study, we conclude that AH and GH intakes at levels 5.74% and 6.60% of total dry matter intake (DMI) improve rumen health without affecting starter feed consumption and animal performance, which may lead to improved performance in the future life of the animal.

Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, Jan 17, 2024

The present review article aimed to update and address the biological consequences of forage supp... more The present review article aimed to update and address the biological consequences of forage supply to pre-weaned dairy calves. Early growth and development of a calf play a great role in lifelong performance of the animal. Comprehension of these stages is an important progress achieved in calf nutrition today. Health, milk-solid feed intake and rumen development are the most important factors related to calf growth in pre-and post-weaning periods. It is well understood that fermentation by-products of grain-based starter feeds are essential for increased growth and absorptive capacity of the rumen papillae. In pre-weaned calves, two major hypotheses exist regarding forage feeding. The first hypothesis suggests that the rumen is not fully developed in pre-weaned calves, and forage supply during this period might increase gut fill, thus decreasing starter intake. It is believed that depressed starter intake may limit energy intake and finally suppress calf growth rate. The second hypothesis indicates that rumen pH may decline as the calf ages and starter intake increases. Accordingly, forage supplementation into calf starter diets could prevent further rumen pH decline and subsequent negative consequences while improving starter intake and calf growth. Because research data regarding these hypotheses are controversial, there is no universally accepted standard for feeding calves with forage as a part of starter diets. Many factors, such as milk feeding method, grain, forage type and experimental conditions, could affect calf response to dietary forage. However, there is evidence that limited consumption of forage may be beneficial on rumen health and behavior of calves consuming highly processed (pelleted or finely ground) starter feed in the pre-weaning period.

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, Jun 1, 1999

DergiPark (Istanbul University), Feb 1, 2005

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of formic acid, molasses, and microbial ... more The objective of this study was to determine the effects of formic acid, molasses, and microbial inoculant (homofermentative lactic acid bacteria) as silage additives on silage quality and ruminal fermentation characteristics. Silages with or without formic acid (0.5%), molasses (5%), or microbial inoculant (10 g/t) were fed to ruminally cannulated, 1.5 year-old K›v›rc›k x Morkaraman sheep. Silage treated with molasses had significantly greater DM and CP concentrations compared with other groups (P < 0.05). pH values did not significantly differ among treatments (P > 0.05). Lactic acid concentrations were significantly higher in silages treated with enzyme or molasses compared with others (P < 0.05). While acetic acid concentration was the highest in silage treated with acid, it was the lowest in silage treated with molasses (P < 0.05). Silage NH 3-N concentration was the highest in silage treated with molasses, but the lowest in silage treated with acid (P < 0.05). Post-feeding ruminal total organic acid concentrations were significantly greater in sheep fed silages with additive than the control (P < 0.05). While percentages of acetic acid were greater, percentages of butyric acids were less in the rumen fluid of sheep fed silage without additive compared with the rumen fluid of sheep fed silage treated with silage additives. However, percentages of propionic acid did not differ among treatments.

DergiPark (Istanbul University), Mar 1, 2000

Indian Journal of Animal Research

Background: Whole grain hulled barley has several nutritional limitations in diets for ruminants.... more Background: Whole grain hulled barley has several nutritional limitations in diets for ruminants. Its fibrous hull which is resistant to ruminal microbial degradation and this could decrease performance. Therefore, tools that optimize the use of barley hull are required. Exogenous enzyme products including fibrolytic enzymes may be an important tool to improve the digestibility of whole grain, feed and improve the efficiency of lambs. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of the supplementary exogenous enzyme mixture at three different levels on growth performance, digestibility and ruminal fermentation of male finishing lambs fed diets containing whole barley grain. Methods: Twenty-one Karayaka lamb (29.36±1.32 kg initial weight) were assigned to three experimental treatments: (1) Control, diet without exogenous enzyme; (2) 5 exogenous enzyme, diet with 5 g exogenous enzyme/head/day) and (3) 10 exogenous enzyme, diet with 10 exogenous enzyme g/head/day). Forage-free fin...

Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 2020

This study aims to determine the effects of open and closed formulated standard diets supplied fr... more This study aims to determine the effects of open and closed formulated standard diets supplied from different sources on growth performance and internal organ development of laboratory rats. Five-week-old 32 Wistar rats were used. A special control group diet was produced in accordance with the criteria determined by the National Research Council (NRC) (1995). Three different most preferred commercial open and closed-formula diets produced by international and local companies were used as trial groups’ diets. The experiment was carried out for 12 weeks. Weekly feed consumption, body weight change, internal organ weight, intestinal organ weigths and lengths, intestinal villi heigth and crypt depth were measured in groups. The body weight values of the control group and the first group fed with open-formula diet were found at the highest level (P <0.05). The control group diet had a positive effect on small intestine villi heigth and crypt depth (P <0.05). The nutrient contents ...

Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences

Ruminantlarda özellikle sığırlarda enterik fermantasyondan kaynaklanan metan (CH4), hem öneli bir... more Ruminantlarda özellikle sığırlarda enterik fermantasyondan kaynaklanan metan (CH4), hem öneli bir sera gazıdır ve hem de yein brüt enerjisinde %12 bir kayba neden olur. Bu nedenle, ruminant üretim sisteminde metajenezi azaltmak için uygun maliyetli stratejilere ihtiyaç vardır. Son çalışmalar, kimyasal olarak sentezlenen bileşik 3-Nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP), enterik CH4 üretimini %30'a kadar azaltma potansiyeline sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Asparagopsis taxiformis’in, süt verimini veya besin madde kullanımını etkilemeksizin güçlü bir enterik CH4 inhibitörü olduğu kanıtlanmıştır. Bununla birlikte, deniz yosununun geviş getiren hayvanlara verilmesinin, süt ve/veya et bromoform içeriğinde tüketici sağlığı üzerinde potansiyel etkileri olan bir artışa yol açabileceğine dair bazı endişeler vardır. Bu derlemenin amacı, 3-NOP ve kırmızı makroalglerin etkinlik durumlarını gösteren in vivo ve in vito çalışmaların genel bulgularını incelemektir.

Bu araştırma formik asit, melas ve mikrobiyal inokülant (homofermentatif laktik asit bakterileri)... more Bu araştırma formik asit, melas ve mikrobiyal inokülant (homofermentatif laktik asit bakterileri) katkılı mısır silajlarının kalitelerini ve koyunlarda rumen fermantasyonuna etkilerini incelemek amacıyla yapıldı. Katkısız ve formik asit (% 0,5), melas (% 5) ve İnokulant (10 g/ton) katkılı silajlar rumen kanüllü 1,5 yaşlı Kıvırcık x Morkaraman koyunlara yedirildi. Melas katkılı silajlarda KM ve HP içerikleri diğer gruplara göre yüksek bulundu (P < 0,05). Muameleler arasında silaj pH'sı bakımından farklılık bulunmadı. Laktik asit düzeyi enzim ve melas katkılı gruplarda diğer gruplara göre daha yüksek belirlendi (P < 0,05). Asetik asit düzeyi en yüksek asit katkılı, en düşük melas katkılı grupta belirlendi (P < 0,05). Silajları tüketen tokluların yemleme öncesi ve sonrası rumen sıvısı organik asit miktarlarında katkılı silajlar lehinde farklılık gözlenirken (P < 0,05); katkılı silaj tüketen toklularda genel olarak asetik asit miktarı daha düşük, bütirik asit miktarı dah...

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2022

This study compared the cholesterol levels and shell pigments (protoporphyrin and biliverdin) of ... more This study compared the cholesterol levels and shell pigments (protoporphyrin and biliverdin) of chicken (conventional and organic), quail, pheasant, and goose eggs. The material for the study was chicken (organic system-Lohmann Brown and conventional system-HyLine Brown) eggs, quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), goose (local), and pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) eggs homogeneously selected with a subjective scoring. High-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection was used to analyze the samples (HPLC-PDA). There were no significant differences in the yolk cholesterol content of eggs between species. Based on mg/g of yolk, different poultry species had comparable amounts of cholesterol. Quail eggshells contained significantly more protoporphyrin (81.92 M/g) than chicken (conventional-organic) and pheasant eggshells (P<0.01), but conventional chicken eggshells contained less protoporphyrin (10.73 M/g) than other species (P<0.01). Biliverdin was found only in the eggshells of quail (2.83 M/g) and pheasant (1.02 M/g) (P<0.01). It was observed that white shelled goose eggs had no detectable pigment. Research is required to elucidate the role of diet, age, stressor, strain, and housing systems on protoporphyrin and biliverdin pigment concentrations and cholesterol in table eggs and breeder eggs production.

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of diet with increasing dietary levels... more The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of diet with increasing dietary levels of crude protein (CP) on digestibility, rumen pH, growth performance, volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), and on several blood parameters (serum urea, glucose and total protein), in the finishing period of Bafra lambs. Thirty male Bafra lambs, which were 3-3.5 months of age and average live weight of 24±0.4 kg, were divided into three groups (n=10 lambs per group) in a completely randomized design experiment. The diets were composed of 80% compound feed containing 11, 14 or 17% CP and 20% vetch straw. Lambs were fed ad libitium twice each day during the feeding trial period of 60 days. In the last week of the feeding period, all feces were collected to determine digestibility. The rumen and blood samples were collected at the end of the feeding period. The average feed intake was similiar among all tested diets. The best feed conversion rate was recorded the 17% CP...

Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2019

The objective of the current study was to determine the effects of a mixed bacterial inoculant po... more The objective of the current study was to determine the effects of a mixed bacterial inoculant possessing ferulic acid esterase (FAE) activity and exogenous fibrolytic enzyme (EFEs) products on the chemical composition, conservation characteristics and digestibility of corn stover. The moisture level of corn stover was adjusted to 40% with deionized water and then treated with deionized water (control), EFEs (10 U cellulase + 60 U xylanase units g-1 of substrate dry matter) or EFEs + FAE inoculant (FAEI) (1.3 x 105 cfu g-1 fresh forage). The treated stover was then incubated in laboratory mini-silos for 30 days. After the incubation period, the corn stover treated with both EFEs and EFEs + FAEI had a lower pH, ADF and NDF (P<0.001), and higher acetic acid and lactic acid (P<0.001) than the control stover. In addition, moulds and yeasts were inhibited in stover treated with EFEs + FAEI. The in vitro true dry matter digestibility (IVTDMD) and in vitro true neutral detergent dige...

Buffalo Bulletin, 2019

This study was conducted to determine feeding regimes and some production parameters of Anatolia ... more This study was conducted to determine feeding regimes and some production parameters of Anatolia buffaloes in the Azikheli Delta which one of the Turkey’s biggest and most important wetland ecosystem. A total of 59 dairy farms, whose owners were members of the Samsun Provincial Buffalo Breeders Union, were selected for the survey. According to results of the survey, 55.9% of the buffalo breeders had above 20 buffaloes. The majority of the farmers produced their own roughage. Most respondents reported that calves were weaned at 5 months of age or older. The investigation revealed that the buffalo feeding system depended on grazing from April to November (summer feeding). During winter feeding, dry forage+silage were used together on the majority of the farms (96.6%). All respondents didn’t feed concentrates to their heifers and pregnant buffaloes in the last trimester were fed a special regime by some farmers (16.9%). The buffaloes in early lactation were provided a supplementary con...

The aim of this study are to estimate crude nutritive values, organic matter digestibility, metab... more The aim of this study are to estimate crude nutritive values, organic matter digestibility, metabolic energy, macro and micro mineral contents of peanut by-products mainly peanut straw, peanut crop residue and peanut meal. Peanut by-products were collected from Osmaniye province. Proximate analysis of samples were carried out by AOAC methods. OMD % and ME MJ/kgDM values of samples were estimated by in vitro gas production method. Micro minerals B, Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Sb, Ba, Hg and Pb concentrations were measured by ICP-MS method and macro minerals Na+ , K+, Ca+2, Mg+2 and NH4+ concentrations were estimated by ion chromatography method. Peanut straw, crop residue and meal were found to be quite rich in macro and micro mineral contents. Statistical differences between all estimated mean values of peanut straw, crop residue and meal were significant. Obtained results shows that peanut straw, crop residue and meal are rich in energy, protein and macro and micro ...

Domatesin salca, ketcap, meyve suyu uretimi asamasinin bir yan urunu olan domates posasi, domates... more Domatesin salca, ketcap, meyve suyu uretimi asamasinin bir yan urunu olan domates posasi, domatesin kabugu, meyve eti ve ezilmis cekirdeginden olusur. Domates posasinin diyetin bir bileseni olarak degerlendirilmesi ruminant beslenme icin potansiyel olusturabilir. Bu nedenle, bu calismanin amaci, ruminantlar icin farkli duzeylerde olusturulan yonca kuru otu ve kurutulmus domates posasi karisimlarinin in vitro gercek sindirilebilirlik degerlerini belirlemekti. Arastirmada karisimlar yonca kuru otu (%100), kurutulmus domates posasi (%100), yonca kuru otu (%25)+kurutulmus domates posasi(%75), yonca kuru otu (%50)+kurutulmus domates posasi(%50), yonca kuru otu (%75)+kurutulmus domates posasi(%25) olacak sekilde hazirlandi. Arastirmada yem karisimlarini iceren filtre torbalar, tampon cozeltiler ve rumen sivisi Ankom Daisy II in vitro fermentasyon sistemi icin tanimlanan sekilde hazirlandi. 48 saat inkubasyon sonrasinda, filtre torbalar tamamen temizleninceye kadar yikandi ve notral deter...