Haroon Khan - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Haroon Khan

Journal of ethnopharmacology, Jan 3, 2010

I. (2010). The antinociceptive activity of Polygonatum verticillatum rhizomes in pain models.

Phytotherapy research : PTR, 2011

Polygonatum verticillatum All. is used traditionally as an analgesic and plant diuretic. The meth... more Polygonatum verticillatum All. is used traditionally as an analgesic and plant diuretic. The methanol extract of aerial parts of Polygonatum verticillatum (PA) was assessed in various experimental paradigms. The pain threshold in the form of abdominal constriction induced by acetic acid was significantly (p<0.01) inhibited by PA at test doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg). In the formalin test, PA elicited a significant (p<0.01) analgesic activity in both phases and strongly attenuated the formalin-induced flinching behaviour. The hot plate test was used to evaluate central involvement in the analgesic profile of PA. The PA significantly relieved thermal-induced pain. From a mechanistic point of view, the central antihyperalgesic activity was tested for antagonism with naloxone, but no antagonism was observed. The current investigations suggest that the active constituent(s) in PA has an analgesic profile with predominant peripheral activity which is augmented by an opioid independent central effect. In the diuretic assay, PA (300 and 600 mg/kg) showed mild insignificant diuretic activity. Our study rationalized the traditional use of Polygonatum verticillatum in the treatment of painful conditions.

Fitoterapia, 2011

A was analyzed for in-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory activities using Lipoxygenase (LOX) inh... more A was analyzed for in-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory activities using Lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition assay and carrageenaninduced paw edema model. Taxusabietane A revealed considerable LOX inhibitory activity with the IC 50 value being 57 ± 0.31. Standard compound Baicalein showed the IC 50 value being 22.1 ± 0.03 μM. Taxusabietane A also showed significant (5 and 10 mg/kg) anti-inflammatory activity induced by carrageenan. However, this study highlighted the potential of Taxusabietane A to be further explored as a new lead compound for management of conditions associated with inflammation.

Natural Product Research, 2015

Withania somnifera O O H O OH 1 O O OH O OH 2 Structure of compounds 1 and 2 of W. somnifera; cru... more Withania somnifera O O H O OH 1 O O OH O OH 2 Structure of compounds 1 and 2 of W. somnifera; crude extract and fractions showed inhibition of protein denaturation

Fitoterapia, 2013

The current study was designed to evaluate the antinociceptive profile of five cyclopeptide alkal... more The current study was designed to evaluate the antinociceptive profile of five cyclopeptide alkaloids isolated from Ziziphus oxyphylla, including Oxyphylline-B 1, Oxyphylline C 2 Oxyphylline-D 3, Nummularin-C 4, and Nummularin-R 5. The effect was studied in acetic acid induced writhing and formalin induced flinching behavior tests, at 2.5 and 5mg/kg i.p. In the post-acetic acid induced writhing test, the compounds significantly ameliorated abdominal constrictions in a dose dependent manner, with compounds 1 and 5 showing 80.98% and 77.87% protection, respectively. When challenged in the formalin induced test, pretreatment of compounds significantly attenuated painful sensation in both phases. Moreover, compounds 1 and 5 were more effective with 45.32% and 75.32% for 1 and 36.77% and 71.10% protection for 5, in the 1st and 2nd phases respectively. The peripheral analgesia was strongly augmented by the central effects of these compounds. The current finding strongly supports the ethnomedicinal use of this valuable medicinal plant in various painful conditions.

Natural Product Research, 2015

Diospyros lotus L Graphical abstract illustrating the structure of 7-methyljuglone of D. lotus: C... more Diospyros lotus L Graphical abstract illustrating the structure of 7-methyljuglone of D. lotus: Crude extract and 7-methyljuglone possessed both peripheral and central antinociceptive potential. O O OH 7-methyljuglone Crude extact Crude extract and 7-methyl Juglone showed antinociceptiv epotential.

Journal of Natural Medicines, 2012

Viola betonicifolia (whole plant) has been used as a sedative and in various nervous disorders in... more Viola betonicifolia (whole plant) has been used as a sedative and in various nervous disorders in Pakistani traditional medicines. The n-hexane extract of the whole plant of V. betonicifolia (HEVB) was investigated for neuropharmacological properties such as anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, sleep induction, antidepressant and sedative to ascertain its folk use. Anxiolytic activity was tested using the staircase test, while the muscle relaxing property of the extract was tested in various muscle relaxant paradigms, i.e. chimney test, traction test, rota rod and inclined plane. In anxiolytic and muscle relaxant tests, HEVB (0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 g/kg, i.p.), diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.p.) or distilled water (10 ml/kg i.p.) were administered 30, 60 and 90 min before performing the tests in mice. HEVB was also screened for a sleep-inducing effect. The antidepressant activity was determined by using the forced swimming test (FST), while line crossing in a special box was used for locomotor activity. HEVB showed a significant (P \ 0.05) dosedependent anxiolytic action in the staircase test. In muscle relaxant paradigms, a dose-dependent muscle relaxation was observed. For the phenobarbitone sleep induction test, HEVB notably (P \ 0.05) reduced the latency time and increased the total sleeping duration. However, HEVB was devoid of any antidepressant activity, while the movements of mice were reduced significantly (P \ 0.05) in locomotor activity. The results suggest that HEVB has anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, sleep-inducing (sedative) activity and, thus, provides pharmacological justification for the use of this plant as a sedative and for the relief of various nervous disorders.

Natural Product Research, 2015

Graphical abstract illustrating the chemical structure of diosgenin (1) and santonin (2) isolated... more Graphical abstract illustrating the chemical structure of diosgenin (1) and santonin (2) isolated from Polygonatum verticillatum rhizomes. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited significant antimicrobial activity. O O HO O O O Santonin Diosgenin Both diosgen in and santonin exhibated sagnificant antimicrobi alactivity

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2006

In vitro enzymes inhibition activities of the crude methanolic extract and various fractions of C... more In vitro enzymes inhibition activities of the crude methanolic extract and various fractions of Colchicum luteum Baker (Liliaceae) including chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous were carried out against actylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, lipoxygenase and urease enzymes. A significant enzyme inhibition activity (89%) is shown by the crude methanolic extract and its fractions against lipoxygenase, while low to significant activity (32-75%) was evident against butyrylcholinesterase. The crude methanolic extract and its various fractions demonstrated low activity (29-61%) against acetylcholinesterase and no activity against urease.

Natural Product Research, 2014

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Piper sarmentosum (Piperaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally... more Ethnopharmacological relevance: Piper sarmentosum (Piperaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used by the Malays to treat headaches, toothaches, coughs, asthma and fever. Aim of the study: In order to establish the pharmacological properties of the leaf of this plant, studies were performed on anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities. Materials and methods: The aqueous extract of Piper sarmentosum (AEPS) was prepared in the doses of 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg. Anti-nociceptive activity of AEPS was evaluated by abdominal constriction and hotplate tests. AEPS was also pre-challenged with 5 mg/kg naloxone to determine the involvement of opioid receptors. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw edema assay. Results: Subcutaneous administration of AEPS exhibited anti-nociceptive activity (P < 0.05) in a dosedependent manner in the abdominal constriction and hot-plate tests. Pre-treatment with naloxone completely (P < 0.05) diminished the extract anti-nociceptive activity in both tests. The AEPS, at all doses used, exerted significant (P < 0.05) anti-inflammatory activity in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions: The AEPS exhibits opioid-mediated anti-nociceptive activity at the peripheral and central levels, as well as anti-inflammatory activity, which confirmed the traditional uses of the plant in the treatment of pain-and inflammatory-related ailments.

Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2014

Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer Science +B... more Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer Science +Business Media New York. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be selfarchived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at link.springer.com".

Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2012

Abstract Antimalarial activity of the crude extract of Polygonatum verticillatum rhizomes and its... more Abstract Antimalarial activity of the crude extract of Polygonatum verticillatum rhizomes and its sequentially partitioned fractions were investigated against Plasmodium falciparum. The crude extract possessed notable activity (IC50: 21.67 μg/mL) that enhanced reasonably upon ...

Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2011

The methanol extract of the corms of the Colchicum luteum Baker (Liliaceae) and its subsequent so... more The methanol extract of the corms of the Colchicum luteum Baker (Liliaceae) and its subsequent solvent fractions were screened for brine shrimp cytotoxic, phytotoxic, insecticidal activities and phytochemical studies. Profound cytotoxicity was displayed by the crude methanolic extract (LD 50 42.43 μg/ml). However, the cytotoxic potential was not much altered by the fractionation. The plant also expressed low phytotoxicity against Lemna acquinoctialis Welv and the highest phytotoxicity was exhibited by the ethyl acetate fraction (33%) at 1000 μg/ml. Interestingly, negative phytotoxic effect was also computed; aqueous fraction expressed maximum phytotoxic effect (13.79%) at 10 μg/ml. Overall poor insecticidal activity was observed in which the n-butanol fraction exhibited the highest activity against Callosdruchus analis (40%) followed by the chloroform fraction (35%). Results revealed significant cytotoxicity of the extracts and therefore, can be a potential new natural source for the treatment of different types of cancers. Phytochemical studies showed the presence of various pharmacological groups especially alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids and saponins.

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2006

The methanolic extract of the corms of Colchicum luteum Baker (Liliaceae) and its subsequent frac... more The methanolic extract of the corms of Colchicum luteum Baker (Liliaceae) and its subsequent fractions in different solvent systems were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities. The crude extract and all the fractions demonstrated moderate to excellent antifungal activities against tested pathogens in antifungal bioassay. Excellent antifungal activity was shown against trichophyton longifusus, up to 75%, and microsporum canis, up to 85%, while the crude extract and subsequent fractions showed mild to moderate activities in an antibacterial bioassay with maximum antibacterial activity 58% against Bacillus subtilis.

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2007

The crude methanolic extract and chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of Teucrium ro... more The crude methanolic extract and chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of Teucrium royleanum were examined as inhibitors of actylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, lipoxygenase and urease. A significant enzyme inhibition activity (52-83%) was shown by the crude methanolic extract and its fractions against acetylcholinesterase, while low to outstanding enzyme inhibitory activity was shown (19-93%) against butyrylcholinesterase. The crude methanolic extract and its various fractions demonstrated low activity against lipoxygenase and inactive against urease.

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2009

In the present study, methanol extracts of Costus speciosus Koen. aerial parts were assessed for ... more In the present study, methanol extracts of Costus speciosus Koen. aerial parts were assessed for antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities in experimental animals. The antiinflammatory activity of methanol extract of Costus speciosus (400 and 800 mg/kg, p.o.) was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw oedema test. Analgesic effect was evaluated using acetic acid-induced writhing and Eddy's hot-plate models and antipyretic activity was assessed by Brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia in rats. The methanol extract of aerial parts of Costus speciosus in a dose of 400 and 800 mg/kg showed significant antiinflammatory activity (19.36 and 40.05% reduction) at 5 h postmedication. In analgesic models extract treated animals at (400 and 800 mg/kg) inhibited writhing's caused by acetic acid by 14.24 and 31.90%, respectively, and it also increased the latency period at both high and low doses which showed the mean reaction time at 16.60±0.355 s and 14.12±0.355 s, respectively, when compared to control in hot-plate test. It also reduces the rectal temperature of the animals at low and high doses significantly 37.03±0.108° and 36.63±0.098°, respectively, in Brewer's yeast induced pyrexia. The obtained results of the present investigation revealed that methanol extract of Costus speciosus has significant antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities.

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2008

The methanol extract of the rhizomes of Gloriosa superba Linn (Colchicaceae) and its subsequent f... more The methanol extract of the rhizomes of Gloriosa superba Linn (Colchicaceae) and its subsequent fractions in different solvent systems were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities. Excellent antifungal sensitivity was expressed by the n-butanol fraction against Candida albicans and Candida glaberata (up to 90%) and against Trichophyton longifusus (78%) followed by the chloroform fraction against Microsporum canis (80%). In the antibacterial bioassay, the crude extract and subsequent fractions showed mild to moderate antibacterial activities. Chloroform fraction displayed highest antibacterial sensitivity against Staphylococcus aureous (88%) followed by the crude extract (59%). The total phenol content of the crude extract and fractions of the plant expressed no significant correlation with the antimicrobial activities.

Fuel and Energy Abstracts, 2011

Current study was conducted to identify constituents of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. that might be res... more Current study was conducted to identify constituents of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. that might be responsible for its folk use in anti-inflammatory conditions. Taxusabietane A was isolated from the bark extract of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. Taxusabietane A was analyzed for in-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory activities using Lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition assay and carrageenan-induced paw edema model. Taxusabietane A revealed considerable LOX inhibitory activity with the IC50 value being 57 ± 0.31. Standard compound Baicalein showed the IC50 value being 22.1 ± 0.03 μM. Taxusabietane A also showed significant (5 and 10 mg/kg) anti-inflammatory activity induced by carrageenan. However, this study highlighted the potential of Taxusabietane A to be further explored as a new lead compound for management of conditions associated with inflammation.Taxusabietane A isolated from Taxus wallichiana Zucc. exhibited significant lipoxygenase inhibitory activity (22.1 ± 0.03 μM) and in-vivo anti-inflammatory activity.► Taxusabietane A was isolated from Taxus wallichiana Zucc. ► Docking studies predicted Taxusabietane A as a potential LOX inhibitor. ► In-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory studies proved predictions for Taxusabietane A.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2009

Smilax china Linn. is extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as well as in Pakist... more Smilax china Linn. is extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as well as in Pakistan for several medicinal purposes including their use in inflammatory disorders.The aims of the current study were to validate and assess the folk use of Smilax china Linn. on pharmacological grounds using the isolated compound at molecular, in vivo and computational levels.Seiboldogenin was isolated from ethyl acetate fraction of the plant crude extract. In vitro lipoxygenase and in vivo carrageenan-induced hind paw oedema models were used in experimental studies while molecular docking technique was used to conduct computational study.Sieboldogenin showed significant lipoxygenase inhibition (IC50: 38 μM). It also exhibited significant inhibition (p < 0.05) of carrageenan-induced hind paw oedema at the doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg. Computational molecular docking showed its molecular interaction with important amino acid residues in the catalytic site of lipoxygenase, revealing its potential binding mode at molecular level.Sieboldogenin seems to be a potential new anti-inflammatory compound responsible for anti-inflammatory activities of Smilax china Linn. Its in vitro and in vivo inflammatory activities are in good agreement with the folk medicinal use of Smilax china Linn. in inflammatory disorders.

Journal of ethnopharmacology, Jan 3, 2010

I. (2010). The antinociceptive activity of Polygonatum verticillatum rhizomes in pain models.

Phytotherapy research : PTR, 2011

Polygonatum verticillatum All. is used traditionally as an analgesic and plant diuretic. The meth... more Polygonatum verticillatum All. is used traditionally as an analgesic and plant diuretic. The methanol extract of aerial parts of Polygonatum verticillatum (PA) was assessed in various experimental paradigms. The pain threshold in the form of abdominal constriction induced by acetic acid was significantly (p<0.01) inhibited by PA at test doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg). In the formalin test, PA elicited a significant (p<0.01) analgesic activity in both phases and strongly attenuated the formalin-induced flinching behaviour. The hot plate test was used to evaluate central involvement in the analgesic profile of PA. The PA significantly relieved thermal-induced pain. From a mechanistic point of view, the central antihyperalgesic activity was tested for antagonism with naloxone, but no antagonism was observed. The current investigations suggest that the active constituent(s) in PA has an analgesic profile with predominant peripheral activity which is augmented by an opioid independent central effect. In the diuretic assay, PA (300 and 600 mg/kg) showed mild insignificant diuretic activity. Our study rationalized the traditional use of Polygonatum verticillatum in the treatment of painful conditions.

Fitoterapia, 2011

A was analyzed for in-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory activities using Lipoxygenase (LOX) inh... more A was analyzed for in-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory activities using Lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition assay and carrageenaninduced paw edema model. Taxusabietane A revealed considerable LOX inhibitory activity with the IC 50 value being 57 ± 0.31. Standard compound Baicalein showed the IC 50 value being 22.1 ± 0.03 μM. Taxusabietane A also showed significant (5 and 10 mg/kg) anti-inflammatory activity induced by carrageenan. However, this study highlighted the potential of Taxusabietane A to be further explored as a new lead compound for management of conditions associated with inflammation.

Natural Product Research, 2015

Withania somnifera O O H O OH 1 O O OH O OH 2 Structure of compounds 1 and 2 of W. somnifera; cru... more Withania somnifera O O H O OH 1 O O OH O OH 2 Structure of compounds 1 and 2 of W. somnifera; crude extract and fractions showed inhibition of protein denaturation

Fitoterapia, 2013

The current study was designed to evaluate the antinociceptive profile of five cyclopeptide alkal... more The current study was designed to evaluate the antinociceptive profile of five cyclopeptide alkaloids isolated from Ziziphus oxyphylla, including Oxyphylline-B 1, Oxyphylline C 2 Oxyphylline-D 3, Nummularin-C 4, and Nummularin-R 5. The effect was studied in acetic acid induced writhing and formalin induced flinching behavior tests, at 2.5 and 5mg/kg i.p. In the post-acetic acid induced writhing test, the compounds significantly ameliorated abdominal constrictions in a dose dependent manner, with compounds 1 and 5 showing 80.98% and 77.87% protection, respectively. When challenged in the formalin induced test, pretreatment of compounds significantly attenuated painful sensation in both phases. Moreover, compounds 1 and 5 were more effective with 45.32% and 75.32% for 1 and 36.77% and 71.10% protection for 5, in the 1st and 2nd phases respectively. The peripheral analgesia was strongly augmented by the central effects of these compounds. The current finding strongly supports the ethnomedicinal use of this valuable medicinal plant in various painful conditions.

Natural Product Research, 2015

Diospyros lotus L Graphical abstract illustrating the structure of 7-methyljuglone of D. lotus: C... more Diospyros lotus L Graphical abstract illustrating the structure of 7-methyljuglone of D. lotus: Crude extract and 7-methyljuglone possessed both peripheral and central antinociceptive potential. O O OH 7-methyljuglone Crude extact Crude extract and 7-methyl Juglone showed antinociceptiv epotential.

Journal of Natural Medicines, 2012

Viola betonicifolia (whole plant) has been used as a sedative and in various nervous disorders in... more Viola betonicifolia (whole plant) has been used as a sedative and in various nervous disorders in Pakistani traditional medicines. The n-hexane extract of the whole plant of V. betonicifolia (HEVB) was investigated for neuropharmacological properties such as anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, sleep induction, antidepressant and sedative to ascertain its folk use. Anxiolytic activity was tested using the staircase test, while the muscle relaxing property of the extract was tested in various muscle relaxant paradigms, i.e. chimney test, traction test, rota rod and inclined plane. In anxiolytic and muscle relaxant tests, HEVB (0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 g/kg, i.p.), diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.p.) or distilled water (10 ml/kg i.p.) were administered 30, 60 and 90 min before performing the tests in mice. HEVB was also screened for a sleep-inducing effect. The antidepressant activity was determined by using the forced swimming test (FST), while line crossing in a special box was used for locomotor activity. HEVB showed a significant (P \ 0.05) dosedependent anxiolytic action in the staircase test. In muscle relaxant paradigms, a dose-dependent muscle relaxation was observed. For the phenobarbitone sleep induction test, HEVB notably (P \ 0.05) reduced the latency time and increased the total sleeping duration. However, HEVB was devoid of any antidepressant activity, while the movements of mice were reduced significantly (P \ 0.05) in locomotor activity. The results suggest that HEVB has anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, sleep-inducing (sedative) activity and, thus, provides pharmacological justification for the use of this plant as a sedative and for the relief of various nervous disorders.

Natural Product Research, 2015

Graphical abstract illustrating the chemical structure of diosgenin (1) and santonin (2) isolated... more Graphical abstract illustrating the chemical structure of diosgenin (1) and santonin (2) isolated from Polygonatum verticillatum rhizomes. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited significant antimicrobial activity. O O HO O O O Santonin Diosgenin Both diosgen in and santonin exhibated sagnificant antimicrobi alactivity

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2006

In vitro enzymes inhibition activities of the crude methanolic extract and various fractions of C... more In vitro enzymes inhibition activities of the crude methanolic extract and various fractions of Colchicum luteum Baker (Liliaceae) including chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous were carried out against actylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, lipoxygenase and urease enzymes. A significant enzyme inhibition activity (89%) is shown by the crude methanolic extract and its fractions against lipoxygenase, while low to significant activity (32-75%) was evident against butyrylcholinesterase. The crude methanolic extract and its various fractions demonstrated low activity (29-61%) against acetylcholinesterase and no activity against urease.

Natural Product Research, 2014

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Piper sarmentosum (Piperaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally... more Ethnopharmacological relevance: Piper sarmentosum (Piperaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used by the Malays to treat headaches, toothaches, coughs, asthma and fever. Aim of the study: In order to establish the pharmacological properties of the leaf of this plant, studies were performed on anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities. Materials and methods: The aqueous extract of Piper sarmentosum (AEPS) was prepared in the doses of 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg. Anti-nociceptive activity of AEPS was evaluated by abdominal constriction and hotplate tests. AEPS was also pre-challenged with 5 mg/kg naloxone to determine the involvement of opioid receptors. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw edema assay. Results: Subcutaneous administration of AEPS exhibited anti-nociceptive activity (P < 0.05) in a dosedependent manner in the abdominal constriction and hot-plate tests. Pre-treatment with naloxone completely (P < 0.05) diminished the extract anti-nociceptive activity in both tests. The AEPS, at all doses used, exerted significant (P < 0.05) anti-inflammatory activity in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions: The AEPS exhibits opioid-mediated anti-nociceptive activity at the peripheral and central levels, as well as anti-inflammatory activity, which confirmed the traditional uses of the plant in the treatment of pain-and inflammatory-related ailments.

Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2014

Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer Science +B... more Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer Science +Business Media New York. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be selfarchived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at link.springer.com".

Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2012

Abstract Antimalarial activity of the crude extract of Polygonatum verticillatum rhizomes and its... more Abstract Antimalarial activity of the crude extract of Polygonatum verticillatum rhizomes and its sequentially partitioned fractions were investigated against Plasmodium falciparum. The crude extract possessed notable activity (IC50: 21.67 μg/mL) that enhanced reasonably upon ...

Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2011

The methanol extract of the corms of the Colchicum luteum Baker (Liliaceae) and its subsequent so... more The methanol extract of the corms of the Colchicum luteum Baker (Liliaceae) and its subsequent solvent fractions were screened for brine shrimp cytotoxic, phytotoxic, insecticidal activities and phytochemical studies. Profound cytotoxicity was displayed by the crude methanolic extract (LD 50 42.43 μg/ml). However, the cytotoxic potential was not much altered by the fractionation. The plant also expressed low phytotoxicity against Lemna acquinoctialis Welv and the highest phytotoxicity was exhibited by the ethyl acetate fraction (33%) at 1000 μg/ml. Interestingly, negative phytotoxic effect was also computed; aqueous fraction expressed maximum phytotoxic effect (13.79%) at 10 μg/ml. Overall poor insecticidal activity was observed in which the n-butanol fraction exhibited the highest activity against Callosdruchus analis (40%) followed by the chloroform fraction (35%). Results revealed significant cytotoxicity of the extracts and therefore, can be a potential new natural source for the treatment of different types of cancers. Phytochemical studies showed the presence of various pharmacological groups especially alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids and saponins.

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2006

The methanolic extract of the corms of Colchicum luteum Baker (Liliaceae) and its subsequent frac... more The methanolic extract of the corms of Colchicum luteum Baker (Liliaceae) and its subsequent fractions in different solvent systems were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities. The crude extract and all the fractions demonstrated moderate to excellent antifungal activities against tested pathogens in antifungal bioassay. Excellent antifungal activity was shown against trichophyton longifusus, up to 75%, and microsporum canis, up to 85%, while the crude extract and subsequent fractions showed mild to moderate activities in an antibacterial bioassay with maximum antibacterial activity 58% against Bacillus subtilis.

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2007

The crude methanolic extract and chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of Teucrium ro... more The crude methanolic extract and chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of Teucrium royleanum were examined as inhibitors of actylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, lipoxygenase and urease. A significant enzyme inhibition activity (52-83%) was shown by the crude methanolic extract and its fractions against acetylcholinesterase, while low to outstanding enzyme inhibitory activity was shown (19-93%) against butyrylcholinesterase. The crude methanolic extract and its various fractions demonstrated low activity against lipoxygenase and inactive against urease.

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2009

In the present study, methanol extracts of Costus speciosus Koen. aerial parts were assessed for ... more In the present study, methanol extracts of Costus speciosus Koen. aerial parts were assessed for antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities in experimental animals. The antiinflammatory activity of methanol extract of Costus speciosus (400 and 800 mg/kg, p.o.) was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw oedema test. Analgesic effect was evaluated using acetic acid-induced writhing and Eddy's hot-plate models and antipyretic activity was assessed by Brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia in rats. The methanol extract of aerial parts of Costus speciosus in a dose of 400 and 800 mg/kg showed significant antiinflammatory activity (19.36 and 40.05% reduction) at 5 h postmedication. In analgesic models extract treated animals at (400 and 800 mg/kg) inhibited writhing's caused by acetic acid by 14.24 and 31.90%, respectively, and it also increased the latency period at both high and low doses which showed the mean reaction time at 16.60±0.355 s and 14.12±0.355 s, respectively, when compared to control in hot-plate test. It also reduces the rectal temperature of the animals at low and high doses significantly 37.03±0.108° and 36.63±0.098°, respectively, in Brewer's yeast induced pyrexia. The obtained results of the present investigation revealed that methanol extract of Costus speciosus has significant antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities.

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2008

The methanol extract of the rhizomes of Gloriosa superba Linn (Colchicaceae) and its subsequent f... more The methanol extract of the rhizomes of Gloriosa superba Linn (Colchicaceae) and its subsequent fractions in different solvent systems were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities. Excellent antifungal sensitivity was expressed by the n-butanol fraction against Candida albicans and Candida glaberata (up to 90%) and against Trichophyton longifusus (78%) followed by the chloroform fraction against Microsporum canis (80%). In the antibacterial bioassay, the crude extract and subsequent fractions showed mild to moderate antibacterial activities. Chloroform fraction displayed highest antibacterial sensitivity against Staphylococcus aureous (88%) followed by the crude extract (59%). The total phenol content of the crude extract and fractions of the plant expressed no significant correlation with the antimicrobial activities.

Fuel and Energy Abstracts, 2011

Current study was conducted to identify constituents of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. that might be res... more Current study was conducted to identify constituents of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. that might be responsible for its folk use in anti-inflammatory conditions. Taxusabietane A was isolated from the bark extract of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. Taxusabietane A was analyzed for in-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory activities using Lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition assay and carrageenan-induced paw edema model. Taxusabietane A revealed considerable LOX inhibitory activity with the IC50 value being 57 ± 0.31. Standard compound Baicalein showed the IC50 value being 22.1 ± 0.03 μM. Taxusabietane A also showed significant (5 and 10 mg/kg) anti-inflammatory activity induced by carrageenan. However, this study highlighted the potential of Taxusabietane A to be further explored as a new lead compound for management of conditions associated with inflammation.Taxusabietane A isolated from Taxus wallichiana Zucc. exhibited significant lipoxygenase inhibitory activity (22.1 ± 0.03 μM) and in-vivo anti-inflammatory activity.► Taxusabietane A was isolated from Taxus wallichiana Zucc. ► Docking studies predicted Taxusabietane A as a potential LOX inhibitor. ► In-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory studies proved predictions for Taxusabietane A.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2009

Smilax china Linn. is extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as well as in Pakist... more Smilax china Linn. is extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as well as in Pakistan for several medicinal purposes including their use in inflammatory disorders.The aims of the current study were to validate and assess the folk use of Smilax china Linn. on pharmacological grounds using the isolated compound at molecular, in vivo and computational levels.Seiboldogenin was isolated from ethyl acetate fraction of the plant crude extract. In vitro lipoxygenase and in vivo carrageenan-induced hind paw oedema models were used in experimental studies while molecular docking technique was used to conduct computational study.Sieboldogenin showed significant lipoxygenase inhibition (IC50: 38 μM). It also exhibited significant inhibition (p < 0.05) of carrageenan-induced hind paw oedema at the doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg. Computational molecular docking showed its molecular interaction with important amino acid residues in the catalytic site of lipoxygenase, revealing its potential binding mode at molecular level.Sieboldogenin seems to be a potential new anti-inflammatory compound responsible for anti-inflammatory activities of Smilax china Linn. Its in vitro and in vivo inflammatory activities are in good agreement with the folk medicinal use of Smilax china Linn. in inflammatory disorders.