Glen Hartman - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Glen Hartman
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2019
Soybean vein necrosis virus (SVNV) was first identified in Arkansas and Tennessee in 2008 and is ... more Soybean vein necrosis virus (SVNV) was first identified in Arkansas and Tennessee in 2008 and is now known to be widespread in the United States and Canada. Multiple species of thrips transmit this and other tospoviruses with Neohydatothrips variabilis (Beach) (soybean thrips) cited as the most efficient vector for SVNV. In this study, 18 soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., genotypes were evaluated in four experiments by infesting plants with noninfected and SVNV-infected thrips using choice and no-choice assays. In both choice experiments with noninfected and SVNV-infected thrips, the lowest number of immature soybean thrips occurred on plant introductions (PIs) 229358 and 604464 while cultivars Williams 82 and Williamsfield Illini 3590N supported higher counts of mature thrips. The counts between the two assays (noninfected and SVNV-infected thrips) were positively correlated. In both no-choice experiments with noninfected and SVNV-infected thrips, counts of thrips did not differ by ...
Plant Disease, 2021
Red leaf blotch (RLB), caused by the fungus Coniothyrium glycines, is an important disease of soy... more Red leaf blotch (RLB), caused by the fungus Coniothyrium glycines, is an important disease of soybean known to cause yield losses across soybean-growing regions in Africa. Fungicides are one option to manage this disease, but utilization of host resistance may be a better option suited for smallholder soybean farmers in Africa. Fifty-nine soybean entries were evaluated for RLB severity in nine field locations in Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, and Zambia. Disease incidence was 100% and disease severity differed (P < 0.01) among entries at eight of the nine locations. Mean severity ratings ranged from 1.4 to 3.2 based on a 0-to-5 scale, with higher disease severities recorded in Ethiopia followed by Zambia. Eight of the 59 entries were common to all nine locations and had severity ratings ranging from 1.6 to 2.9. The cultivar SC Signal had the lowest RLB severity ratings in the combined analysis over locations. Based on correlations of weather variables to RLB severity, mean rainfall fro...
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2007
Morphological and cytochrome oxidase 1 (Cox1) data show that Aphis floridanae Tissot (Hemiptera: ... more Morphological and cytochrome oxidase 1 (Cox1) data show that Aphis floridanae Tissot (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is not synonymous with A. nasturtii Kaltenbach. Instead, A. floridanae matches the morphological characters of A. impatientis Thomas. Additionally, the range of cytochrome oxidase 1 (Cox1) pair-wise distance of the multiple collections of A. impatientis on Cornus spp., Impatiens spp. and Erechtites hieraciifolius (L.) Raf. ex DC. is 0–0.39%. Therefore, we conclude that A. floridanae Tissot, 1933 is a junior synonym of A. impatientis Thomas, 1878, new synonymy. In addition, A. impatientis is re-described, including first descriptions of the ovipara and alate male of that species
Plant Health Progress, 2021
Soybean production in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has been increasing in recent years in part due to... more Soybean production in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has been increasing in recent years in part due to the efforts of several national and international research agencies, including the Soybean Innovation Laboratory (SIL). SIL’s mission to increase utilization and production of soybean in SSA has led to several facets of research including cultivar development to increase yield through the Pan-African Soybean Variety Trials (PATs). Several abiotic and biotic stresses can decrease yield, including pathogens and pests that attack seed. While evaluating seed lots from 32 PAT locations, we identified bruchids and/or bruchid-damaged seed in nine locations in four countries (Cameroon, Malawi, Mozambique, and Rwanda). The most severe damage and infestation was recorded in Bwanje, Malawi, with 28 of the 40 seed lots infested. Seed damage ranged from 0.6 to 100% among the 28 infested seed lots. Adult bruchids discovered at the Bwanje location were identified as Callosobruchus chinensis, or the Ch...
Plant Disease, 2020
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines) is a widely occurring pest and the leading cause... more Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines) is a widely occurring pest and the leading cause of soybean yield losses in the U.S.A. There is a need to find additional SCN management strategies as sources of SCN resistance have become less effective in managing SCN populations. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic relationships with roots of most plants including soybean. Research has shown that AMF can reduce disease severity in plants caused by pathogens and pests, including plant parasitic nematodes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of AMF on SCN cyst production, SCN juveniles in roots, and SCN egg hatching. In one experiment, all five AMF species tested (Claroideoglomus claroideum, Diversispora eburnean, Dentiscutata heterogama, Funneliformis mosseae, and Rhizophagus intraradices) reduced (P < 0.05) the number of cysts on soybean roots by 59 to 81%, compared with soybean roots not inoculated with AMF. Inoculation with F. mosseae reduced SCN J2...
Plant Disease, 2020
Soybean production has expanded worldwide including countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Several nati... more Soybean production has expanded worldwide including countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Several national and international agencies and research groups have partnered to improve overall performance of soybean breeding stocks and have introduced new germplasm from Brazil and the United States with the goal of developing new high-yielding cultivars. Part of this effort has been to test improved soybean lines/cultivars accumulated from private and public sources in multilocational trials in sub-Saharan Africa. These trials are known as the Pan-African Soybean Variety Trials, and the entries come from both private and public breeding programs. The objective of this research was to evaluate entries in the trials that include commercial cultivars or advanced experimental lines for the incidence and severity of foliar diseases. All trials were planted in December 2018 with six located in Zambia and one in Malawi. Plants were evaluated during the reproductive growth stages using a visual pretr...
Mycological Research, 2000
The relationship between trichothecene production and pathogenicity was investigated for 29 isola... more The relationship between trichothecene production and pathogenicity was investigated for 29 isolates of Fusarium tumidum, a potential bioherbicide for gorse (Ulex europaeus) and broom (Cytisus scoparius) in New Zealand. All isolates originally derived from broom produced high levels of T-2 tetraol derivatives when grown on ground maize kernels and pearl barley grains, compared with isolates from gorse. Low amounts of scirpentriol derivatives were also produced by both groups of isolates. No nivalenol and deoxynivalenol derivatives were detected in any of the culture extracts. A subset of isolates cultured on gorse and broom tissue produced only small amounts of T-2 tetraol derivatives relative to the amounts produced in grain cultures. Overall, isolates from broom were more aggressive towards both hosts than isolates from gorse, but the pathogenicity of isolates was not correlated with their capacity to produce large amounts of T-2 tetraol derivatives in culture. Two isolates from gorse were highly aggressive towards both weeds. These isolates offer prospects for the development of a safe bioherbicide that could target two major weeds in New Zealand, as trichothecenes were not detected from them at the higher concentrations.
Aphis elena Lagos-Kutz and Voegtlin, sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is described from specimens... more Aphis elena Lagos-Kutz and Voegtlin, sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is described from specimens collected in Illinois, USA, on the North American native plant, Pycnanthemum virginianum (L.) T. Dur. & B.D. Jacks. ex B.L. Rob. & Fernald (Family: Lamiaceae). Both apterous and alate viviparae are described and illustrated, and a dichotomous key is provided to apterous and alate viviparae of the six species of Aphis that have been recorded on plants in the family Lamiaceae in North America. Neighbor-joining analysis of cytochrome oxidase 1 (Cox1) indicated a close relationship of the new species with Aphis monardae Oestlund, which also feeds on a member of Lamiaceae. The range of pair-wise distances for DNA barcoding of these species is 0.17–0.33%. The newly described Aphis elena is morphologically more similar to Aphis gossypii Glover than it is to Aphis monardae
American Entomologist, 2020
Lagos-Kutz, Doris M., Hartman, Glen L. (2021): Survivorship of soybean aphid biotypes (Hemiptera:... more Lagos-Kutz, Doris M., Hartman, Glen L. (2021): Survivorship of soybean aphid biotypes (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on winter hosts, common and glossy buckthorn. Insecta Mundi 2021 (870): 1-8, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042352
Figure 20. Neighbor-joining tree of K2P distances of DNA barcodes of targeted species. Species na... more Figure 20. Neighbor-joining tree of K2P distances of DNA barcodes of targeted species. Species names are followed by the GenBank accession numbers.
Figures 18–19. Colonies of aphids on their respective perennial host plants. 18) Aphis elena sp. ... more Figures 18–19. Colonies of aphids on their respective perennial host plants. 18) Aphis elena sp. nov. on Pycnanthemum virginianum (L.) T. Dur. & B.D. Jacks. ex B.L. Rob. & Fernald. Photograph: David Voegtlin, emeritus University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois. 19) Aphis monardae Oestlund on Monarda fistulosa L. Photograph: David Voegtlin, emeritus INHS of University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois.
Figures 1–17. Holotype (INHS: 511,252 collection number) of Aphis elena 1–8) Apterous vivipara. 1... more Figures 1–17. Holotype (INHS: 511,252 collection number) of Aphis elena 1–8) Apterous vivipara. 1) Body. 2) Antennal segments: II–V. 3) Ultimate rostral segment. 4) Cauda. 5) Siphunculus and marginal tubercle on abdominal segment VII. 6) Marginal tubercle on abdominal segment I, and hind coxa. 7) Setae on subgenital plate. 8) Setae on abdominal tergite VIII. 9–17) Alate vivipara. 9) Body. 10) Fore wing. 11) Antennal segments: II–IV. 12) Ultimate rostral segment. 13) Siphunculus and marginal tubercle on abdominal segment VII. 14) Marginal tubercle on abdominal segment I, and hind coxa. 15) Setae on abdominal tergite VIII. 16) Cauda. 17) Setae on sub-genital plate.
Lagos-Kutz, Doris, Voegtlin, D. J., Hartman, Glen (2017): Identification of a new species of Aphi... more Lagos-Kutz, Doris, Voegtlin, D. J., Hartman, Glen (2017): Identification of a new species of Aphis (Hemiptera: Aphididae) based on distinct morphology rather than DNA barcoding. Insecta Mundi 2017 (535): 1-11
Lagos-Kutz, Doris, Halbert, Susan E., Voegtlin, David J., Hartman, Glen L. (2018): Revision of th... more Lagos-Kutz, Doris, Halbert, Susan E., Voegtlin, David J., Hartman, Glen L. (2018): Revision of the taxonomic status of Aphis floridanae Tissot (Hemiptera: Aphididae) using morphological and molecular insight. Insecta Mundi 2018 (627): 1-10, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4531943
LUP and GEBV of unscreened 18,955 USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection. (XLSX 890 kb)
T RSV sensitivities of 697 soybean PIs that used for GWAS. (XLSX 45 kb)
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2019
Soybean vein necrosis virus (SVNV) was first identified in Arkansas and Tennessee in 2008 and is ... more Soybean vein necrosis virus (SVNV) was first identified in Arkansas and Tennessee in 2008 and is now known to be widespread in the United States and Canada. Multiple species of thrips transmit this and other tospoviruses with Neohydatothrips variabilis (Beach) (soybean thrips) cited as the most efficient vector for SVNV. In this study, 18 soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., genotypes were evaluated in four experiments by infesting plants with noninfected and SVNV-infected thrips using choice and no-choice assays. In both choice experiments with noninfected and SVNV-infected thrips, the lowest number of immature soybean thrips occurred on plant introductions (PIs) 229358 and 604464 while cultivars Williams 82 and Williamsfield Illini 3590N supported higher counts of mature thrips. The counts between the two assays (noninfected and SVNV-infected thrips) were positively correlated. In both no-choice experiments with noninfected and SVNV-infected thrips, counts of thrips did not differ by ...
Plant Disease, 2021
Red leaf blotch (RLB), caused by the fungus Coniothyrium glycines, is an important disease of soy... more Red leaf blotch (RLB), caused by the fungus Coniothyrium glycines, is an important disease of soybean known to cause yield losses across soybean-growing regions in Africa. Fungicides are one option to manage this disease, but utilization of host resistance may be a better option suited for smallholder soybean farmers in Africa. Fifty-nine soybean entries were evaluated for RLB severity in nine field locations in Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, and Zambia. Disease incidence was 100% and disease severity differed (P < 0.01) among entries at eight of the nine locations. Mean severity ratings ranged from 1.4 to 3.2 based on a 0-to-5 scale, with higher disease severities recorded in Ethiopia followed by Zambia. Eight of the 59 entries were common to all nine locations and had severity ratings ranging from 1.6 to 2.9. The cultivar SC Signal had the lowest RLB severity ratings in the combined analysis over locations. Based on correlations of weather variables to RLB severity, mean rainfall fro...
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2007
Morphological and cytochrome oxidase 1 (Cox1) data show that Aphis floridanae Tissot (Hemiptera: ... more Morphological and cytochrome oxidase 1 (Cox1) data show that Aphis floridanae Tissot (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is not synonymous with A. nasturtii Kaltenbach. Instead, A. floridanae matches the morphological characters of A. impatientis Thomas. Additionally, the range of cytochrome oxidase 1 (Cox1) pair-wise distance of the multiple collections of A. impatientis on Cornus spp., Impatiens spp. and Erechtites hieraciifolius (L.) Raf. ex DC. is 0–0.39%. Therefore, we conclude that A. floridanae Tissot, 1933 is a junior synonym of A. impatientis Thomas, 1878, new synonymy. In addition, A. impatientis is re-described, including first descriptions of the ovipara and alate male of that species
Plant Health Progress, 2021
Soybean production in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has been increasing in recent years in part due to... more Soybean production in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has been increasing in recent years in part due to the efforts of several national and international research agencies, including the Soybean Innovation Laboratory (SIL). SIL’s mission to increase utilization and production of soybean in SSA has led to several facets of research including cultivar development to increase yield through the Pan-African Soybean Variety Trials (PATs). Several abiotic and biotic stresses can decrease yield, including pathogens and pests that attack seed. While evaluating seed lots from 32 PAT locations, we identified bruchids and/or bruchid-damaged seed in nine locations in four countries (Cameroon, Malawi, Mozambique, and Rwanda). The most severe damage and infestation was recorded in Bwanje, Malawi, with 28 of the 40 seed lots infested. Seed damage ranged from 0.6 to 100% among the 28 infested seed lots. Adult bruchids discovered at the Bwanje location were identified as Callosobruchus chinensis, or the Ch...
Plant Disease, 2020
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines) is a widely occurring pest and the leading cause... more Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines) is a widely occurring pest and the leading cause of soybean yield losses in the U.S.A. There is a need to find additional SCN management strategies as sources of SCN resistance have become less effective in managing SCN populations. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic relationships with roots of most plants including soybean. Research has shown that AMF can reduce disease severity in plants caused by pathogens and pests, including plant parasitic nematodes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of AMF on SCN cyst production, SCN juveniles in roots, and SCN egg hatching. In one experiment, all five AMF species tested (Claroideoglomus claroideum, Diversispora eburnean, Dentiscutata heterogama, Funneliformis mosseae, and Rhizophagus intraradices) reduced (P < 0.05) the number of cysts on soybean roots by 59 to 81%, compared with soybean roots not inoculated with AMF. Inoculation with F. mosseae reduced SCN J2...
Plant Disease, 2020
Soybean production has expanded worldwide including countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Several nati... more Soybean production has expanded worldwide including countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Several national and international agencies and research groups have partnered to improve overall performance of soybean breeding stocks and have introduced new germplasm from Brazil and the United States with the goal of developing new high-yielding cultivars. Part of this effort has been to test improved soybean lines/cultivars accumulated from private and public sources in multilocational trials in sub-Saharan Africa. These trials are known as the Pan-African Soybean Variety Trials, and the entries come from both private and public breeding programs. The objective of this research was to evaluate entries in the trials that include commercial cultivars or advanced experimental lines for the incidence and severity of foliar diseases. All trials were planted in December 2018 with six located in Zambia and one in Malawi. Plants were evaluated during the reproductive growth stages using a visual pretr...
Mycological Research, 2000
The relationship between trichothecene production and pathogenicity was investigated for 29 isola... more The relationship between trichothecene production and pathogenicity was investigated for 29 isolates of Fusarium tumidum, a potential bioherbicide for gorse (Ulex europaeus) and broom (Cytisus scoparius) in New Zealand. All isolates originally derived from broom produced high levels of T-2 tetraol derivatives when grown on ground maize kernels and pearl barley grains, compared with isolates from gorse. Low amounts of scirpentriol derivatives were also produced by both groups of isolates. No nivalenol and deoxynivalenol derivatives were detected in any of the culture extracts. A subset of isolates cultured on gorse and broom tissue produced only small amounts of T-2 tetraol derivatives relative to the amounts produced in grain cultures. Overall, isolates from broom were more aggressive towards both hosts than isolates from gorse, but the pathogenicity of isolates was not correlated with their capacity to produce large amounts of T-2 tetraol derivatives in culture. Two isolates from gorse were highly aggressive towards both weeds. These isolates offer prospects for the development of a safe bioherbicide that could target two major weeds in New Zealand, as trichothecenes were not detected from them at the higher concentrations.
Aphis elena Lagos-Kutz and Voegtlin, sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is described from specimens... more Aphis elena Lagos-Kutz and Voegtlin, sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is described from specimens collected in Illinois, USA, on the North American native plant, Pycnanthemum virginianum (L.) T. Dur. & B.D. Jacks. ex B.L. Rob. & Fernald (Family: Lamiaceae). Both apterous and alate viviparae are described and illustrated, and a dichotomous key is provided to apterous and alate viviparae of the six species of Aphis that have been recorded on plants in the family Lamiaceae in North America. Neighbor-joining analysis of cytochrome oxidase 1 (Cox1) indicated a close relationship of the new species with Aphis monardae Oestlund, which also feeds on a member of Lamiaceae. The range of pair-wise distances for DNA barcoding of these species is 0.17–0.33%. The newly described Aphis elena is morphologically more similar to Aphis gossypii Glover than it is to Aphis monardae
American Entomologist, 2020
Lagos-Kutz, Doris M., Hartman, Glen L. (2021): Survivorship of soybean aphid biotypes (Hemiptera:... more Lagos-Kutz, Doris M., Hartman, Glen L. (2021): Survivorship of soybean aphid biotypes (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on winter hosts, common and glossy buckthorn. Insecta Mundi 2021 (870): 1-8, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042352
Figure 20. Neighbor-joining tree of K2P distances of DNA barcodes of targeted species. Species na... more Figure 20. Neighbor-joining tree of K2P distances of DNA barcodes of targeted species. Species names are followed by the GenBank accession numbers.
Figures 18–19. Colonies of aphids on their respective perennial host plants. 18) Aphis elena sp. ... more Figures 18–19. Colonies of aphids on their respective perennial host plants. 18) Aphis elena sp. nov. on Pycnanthemum virginianum (L.) T. Dur. & B.D. Jacks. ex B.L. Rob. & Fernald. Photograph: David Voegtlin, emeritus University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois. 19) Aphis monardae Oestlund on Monarda fistulosa L. Photograph: David Voegtlin, emeritus INHS of University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois.
Figures 1–17. Holotype (INHS: 511,252 collection number) of Aphis elena 1–8) Apterous vivipara. 1... more Figures 1–17. Holotype (INHS: 511,252 collection number) of Aphis elena 1–8) Apterous vivipara. 1) Body. 2) Antennal segments: II–V. 3) Ultimate rostral segment. 4) Cauda. 5) Siphunculus and marginal tubercle on abdominal segment VII. 6) Marginal tubercle on abdominal segment I, and hind coxa. 7) Setae on subgenital plate. 8) Setae on abdominal tergite VIII. 9–17) Alate vivipara. 9) Body. 10) Fore wing. 11) Antennal segments: II–IV. 12) Ultimate rostral segment. 13) Siphunculus and marginal tubercle on abdominal segment VII. 14) Marginal tubercle on abdominal segment I, and hind coxa. 15) Setae on abdominal tergite VIII. 16) Cauda. 17) Setae on sub-genital plate.
Lagos-Kutz, Doris, Voegtlin, D. J., Hartman, Glen (2017): Identification of a new species of Aphi... more Lagos-Kutz, Doris, Voegtlin, D. J., Hartman, Glen (2017): Identification of a new species of Aphis (Hemiptera: Aphididae) based on distinct morphology rather than DNA barcoding. Insecta Mundi 2017 (535): 1-11
Lagos-Kutz, Doris, Halbert, Susan E., Voegtlin, David J., Hartman, Glen L. (2018): Revision of th... more Lagos-Kutz, Doris, Halbert, Susan E., Voegtlin, David J., Hartman, Glen L. (2018): Revision of the taxonomic status of Aphis floridanae Tissot (Hemiptera: Aphididae) using morphological and molecular insight. Insecta Mundi 2018 (627): 1-10, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4531943
LUP and GEBV of unscreened 18,955 USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection. (XLSX 890 kb)
T RSV sensitivities of 697 soybean PIs that used for GWAS. (XLSX 45 kb)