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Papers by Hira Kaji Manandhar

Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is one of the most important plant pathogens commonly causing root rot, ... more Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is one of the most important plant pathogens commonly causing root rot, stem rot, wilt and foot rot in various crop species. A wide range of host, profuse mycelial growth, and ability to produce persistent sclerotia makes them difficult to control. Biological control using Trichoderma could provide a sustainable tool for the management of diseases caused by S. rolfsii. One hundred four Trichoderma isolates were evaluated against S. rolfsii in vitro by dual culture. Of them, 30 Trichoderma isolates found effective were selected to study parasitization of sclerotia of S. rolfsii in vitro. Similarly, four Trichoderma isolates found effective in vitro were used to study their ability to parasitize sclerotia of the pathogen in soil. Trichoderma isolates varied significantly (p<0.001) for both the inhibition percentage and biocontrol index. However, they showed a differential effect as Trichoderma isolate T 73 , Forest soil had highest inhibition (96.96%), while Trichoderma isolate T 49 , Bhaktapur showed the highest bio-control index (99) against S. rolfsii. Trichoderma isolates T 49, Bhaktapur and T 87 , Forest soil showed promising results in controlling S. rolfsii in vitro. Both isolates were also able to parasitize and reduce the germination of sclerotia in the soil. The present study demonstrated that selected Trichoderma had potential in controlling Sclerotium rolfsii.

PlantwisePlus Knowledge Bank, 2013

Steve EDGINGTON 1,∗ , Alan G. BUDDIE 1, Dave MOORE 1, Andrés FRANCE 2, Loreto MERINO 2, Lukasz M.... more Steve EDGINGTON 1,∗ , Alan G. BUDDIE 1, Dave MOORE 1, Andrés FRANCE 2, Loreto MERINO 2, Lukasz M. TYMO 1 and David J. HUNT 1 ... 1 CABI, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey, TW20 9TY, UK ... 2 Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Avenida Vicente Méndez ...

PlantwisePlus Knowledge Bank, 2018

Journal of Plant Protection Society, Jul 10, 2023

Crown and root rot disease was among the major problems in acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia) seedli... more Crown and root rot disease was among the major problems in acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia) seedlings grown in the nursery of Warm Temperate Horticulture Centre, Kirtipur, Nepal. Samples of the diseased plants were investigated at the laboratory of Nepal Plant Disease and Agro Associates. Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani and Alternaria citri were found associated with the disease samples. On pathogenicity testing R solani showed symptoms like those of the infected seedlings. Hence, a pot experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications to manage the disease. Acid lime seedlings grown in sterilized soil and inoculum of R. solani prepared in potato dextrose agar (PDA) were used for the experiment. The treatments included carbendazim 50WP @ 1000 ppm, Trichoderma viride @ 2 ml/l water, Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 2 ml/l water, A-arya 009 (essential oil and organic acids) @ 1 ml/l water, and control (water) which were applied by soil drenching before 15 days of pathogen inoculation. Carbendazim at 100 and 200 ppm was also evaluated against R. solani by poison food technique on PDA. In the pot culture, the effect of treatments was significant on the growth of root and shoot of seedlings and both disease incidence and severity. Carbendazim had significantly least disease incidence (43.75%) and least disease severity (18.75%) among the treatments 45 days after inoculation with the pathogen. Also, the fungicide at 100 ppm gave complete inhibition of R. solani in PDA culture. Hence, carbendazim could be suggested for the management of the citrus crown and root rot caused by R. solani. However, further study is required to find out appropriate concentration of the fungicide for effective management of disease.

PlantwisePlus Knowledge Bank

CRC Press eBooks, Feb 27, 2004

Phytopathology, Jul 1, 1998

Avirulent isolates of Pyricularia oryzae and isolates of Bipolaris sorokiniana, a nonrice pathoge... more Avirulent isolates of Pyricularia oryzae and isolates of Bipolaris sorokiniana, a nonrice pathogen, were used to suppress rice blast caused by P. oryzae. In greenhouse experiments, both fungi substantially reduced leaf blast when applied 24 h or more before the pathogen. B. sorokiniana, but not avirulent isolates of P. oryzae, systemically reduced disease in leaf 5 when applied to whole plants at the four-leaf stage. In field experiments, both fungi were able to reduce neck blast significantly. No increase in grain yield was obtained by using avirulent isolates of P. oryzae, whereas five sprays with B. sorokiniana from seedling to heading stages increased the grain yield in two of three experiments conducted at two locations in Nepal. The significant increase in yield was observed under high inoculum pressure of P. oryzae. Induced resistance is suggested to be involved in the suppression of disease.

International Chickpea Newsletter, 1990

Tropical agriculture research series : proceedings of a symposium on tropical agriculture researches, Oct 1, 1985

a ',:nail landlocked country. sho,\•s a wide spectrum of dimai ic variation dut• w the altitude r... more a ',:nail landlocked country. sho,\•s a wide spectrum of dimai ic variation dut• w the altitude ranging from near sea level lO the high,•:c;t peak in the world. The types of plant parasitic pa1hogens prevailing in Nepal reflect the diversity in the climatic rnnditions iri tht' Kingdom. Twenty six diseases including twenly fungal, two bacterial, one nematode, une physiological and two viral diseases are known to affect rice (Orvza saliva L.) in Nepal. •,.vhereas sixteen fungal. three bacterial and three viral diseases of so)•bean have been ob;en-t:d in '\fepaL The: causal agents of two \'irus diseases of rice ,•iz. :-ice dwarf \'irus and rice lungro virus have been identified. This paper briefly re\•iews the studie0• carried <JUL on these two viruses in Nepal. Three viruses viz. soybean mosaic virus, the agent of bud blight (tobacco ring spot virus/ and yellow mosaic virus of soybean (Glycine max \L.) Merr), have bf'en reported. Disease caused by yellow mosaic virus in mungbean (Fhasevlus aurm.; Roxb.l, proliferation /,•ucumber mosail drus) and stunt (pea leaf roll virus) in chickpea (Cirer arieiinum L.) and the disf'ase caused by Stt'rility mosaic ,•irus in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan tLi :\Ill!.) have been observed but their identification is solely ba:;ed nn the symptoms on plants. Major rnn~traints on Yirological research in Nepal are discu~sed. Fmure strategie$ arc outlined.

International Nematology Network Newsletter, 1989

PlantwisePlus Knowledge Bank, 2014

PlantwisePlus Knowledge Bank, 2015

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jun 1, 1987

Developments in plant pathology, 2000

... In general, there are several other issues to be considered when using microorganisms as resi... more ... In general, there are several other issues to be considered when using microorganisms as resistance inducers. ... Some problems in the development of a control agent based on induced resistance have been discussed by J0rgensen and Smedegaard-Petersen (1994). ...