Hussein Shimelis - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Hussein Shimelis
Australian Journal of Crop Science
CITATIONS 2 READS 101 2 authors: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on thes... more CITATIONS 2 READS 101 2 authors: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Breeding wheat for drought tolerance View project Empowerment of women through water use security, land use security and knowledge generation for improved household food security and sustainable rural livelihoods in selected areas in limpopo View project
International Journal of Pest Management, 2016
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2016
Drought stress is one of the leading constraints to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production globa... more Drought stress is one of the leading constraints to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production globally. Breeding for drought tolerance using novel genetic resources is an important mitigation strategy. This study aimed to determine the level of drought tolerance among diverse bread wheat genotypes using agronomic traits and proline analyses and to establish correlation of proline content and agronomic traits under drought-stress conditions in order to select promising wheat lines for breeding. Ninety-six diverse genotypes including 88 lines from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)'s heat and drought nurseries, and eight local checks were evaluated under greenhouse and field conditions during 2014/15 and 2015/16 making four testing environments. The following phenotypic traits were collected after stress imposed during the heading to anthesis period: the number of days to heading (DTH), days to maturity (DTM), productive tiller number (TN), plant height (PH), spike length (SL), spikelet per spike (SPS), kernels per spike (KPS), thousand kernel weight (TKW) and grain yield (GY) and proline content (PC). Analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficient, principal component and stress tolerance index were calculated. Genotypes with high yield performance under stressed and optimum conditions maintained high values for yield components. Proline content significantly increased under stress, but weakly correlated with agronomic traits under both optimal and water limited conditions. The positive correlation observed between grain yield and proline content under-drought stress conditions provides evidence that proline accumulation might ultimately be considered as a tool for effective selection of drought tolerant genotypes. The study selected 12 genotypes with high grain yields under drought stressed conditions and favorable adaptive traits useful for breeding.
Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2012
Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2014
CITATION 1 READS 85 3 authors, including: Some of the authors of this publication are also workin... more CITATION 1 READS 85 3 authors, including: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Would it be possible to prepare Injera from the flour of a neglected and underutilized pasture crop, Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees??? View project Empowerment of women through water use security, land use security and knowledge generation for improved household food security and sustainable rural livelihoods in selected areas in limpopo View project
Australian Journal of Crop Science, Aug 1, 2014
CITATIONS 0 READS 68 4 authors, including: Some of the authors of this publication are also worki... more CITATIONS 0 READS 68 4 authors, including: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Would it be possible to prepare Injera from the flour of a neglected and underutilized pasture crop, Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees??? View project Empowerment of women through water use security, land use security and knowledge generation for improved household food security and sustainable rural livelihoods in selected areas in limpopo View project
Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] productivity is low in the subsistence farming systems due ... more Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] productivity is low in the subsistence farming systems due to biotic, abiotic and
socio-economic constraints. The objective of this study was to assess farmers’- perceived production constraints, preferred
traits and the farming system of cowpea, and its implication for breeding in northern Namibia. A participatory rural appraisal
studies was conducted across four selected regions of northern Namibia including Kavango East, Kavango West, Oshikoto
and Omusati where the crop is predominantly cultivated. Primary data was collected using structured interviews involving
171 households. Results showed that 70.2% farmers grow local unimproved cowpea varieties and 29.8% used improved
varieties either singly or in combination of two or three. About 62.6% of interviewed farmers reported low yields of
cowpea varying from 100-599 kg/ha, while 6% achieved good grain harvests of 1500-1999 kg/ha. Most farmers (59.1%)
produced cowpea for home consumption, while 23.4% indicated its food and market value. Field pests such as aphids
(77.8%), leaf beetles (53.2%) and pod borers (60%) and bruchids (100%) were the major constraints. Striga gesnerioides
and Alectra Vogelii (Benth) were the principal parasitic weeds reported by 79.5% cowpea farmers. Soil fertility levels were
reported to be very low across regions and all farmers did not apply any fertilizers on cowpea. Farmers-preferred traits of
cowpea included a straight pod shape (61.4%), a long pod size, bearing at least 10 seeds (68.4%), white grain colour
(22.2%) and above ground biomass (42.1%). Inter-cropping of cowpea with sorghum or pearl millet was the dominant
cowpea farming system in northern Namibia. 68.4% of farmers used a relatively smaller proportion of their land (<1 ha)
for cowpea production while only 9.9% allocate more than 5 ha. Breeding for high grain yield and farmers-preferred traits
and availability of seed and production input are the most important strategies to increase cowpea production and productivity
by subsistence farmers in the northern regions of Namibia.
Key words: Agro-ecology, Cowpea, Farming system, Namibia, Participatory rural appraisal.
Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2013
CITATIONS 0 READS 92 4 authors, including: Some of the authors of this publication are also worki... more CITATIONS 0 READS 92 4 authors, including: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Biological control of liver fluke in cattle View project Empowerment of women through water use security, land use security and knowledge generation for improved household food security and sustainable rural livelihoods in selected areas in limpopo View project Placide Rukundo Rwanda Agricultural Board 5 PUBLICATIONS 7 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE
Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2016
Euphytica, Jan 10, 2010
CITATIONS 2 READS 78 3 authors:
Acta Horticulturae, 2012
CITATION 1 READS 28 3 authors: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these ... more CITATION 1 READS 28 3 authors: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Empowerment of women through water use security, land use security and knowledge generation for improved household food security and sustainable rural livelihoods in selected areas in limpopo View project Would it be possible to prepare Injera from the flour of a neglected and underutilized pasture crop, Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees??? View project
of the traditional cropping systems in the semiarid tropics. Its productivity is generally low si... more of the traditional cropping systems in the semiarid tropics. Its productivity is generally low since farmers still grow unimproved landraces as a result of unavailability of improved and locally adapted cultivars. The objective of this study was to determine the relative yield response and stability among selected improved cowpea genotypes to make recommendation for wide or specific adaptation. Field experiments were conducted at three locations, three planting dates using ten diverse cowpea genotypes in South Africa during 2005/2006. The experiments were laid out in the randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed significant interactions (P≤0.01) among genotypes, planting dates and locations for seed yield. The average yield varied from 2583.37 to 3997.78 kg/ha. Genotypes Pan311, CH14 and IT18E-16 were identified with high seed yield measured at 3997.78, 3777.15, and 3751.48 kg/ha, respectively. These genotypes were the most stable yielding that would be suitable for production under these or other similar environments in South Africa.
Breeding wheat for drought tolerance View project Empowerment of women through water use security... more Breeding wheat for drought tolerance View project Empowerment of women through water use security, land use security and knowledge generation for improved household food security and sustainable rural livelihoods in selected areas in limpopo View project
AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
C-banding analysis of plant chromosomes has various applications including construction of karyot... more C-banding analysis of plant chromosomes has various applications including construction of karyotypes to identify lines with polymorphic banding patterns, to study structural aberrations and other cytogenetics research. 66 double haploid (DH) lines were produced from crosses of stripe rust susceptible common wheat cultivar 'Plamiet' (Triticum aestivum, 2n=6x=42; AABBDD) with resistant cultivar 'Cappelle-Desprez' (CD) characterized with 5B/7B reciprocal chromosome translocations. Cbanding analysis was conducted to detect the presences of the 5B/7B translocations among the DH wheat lines. The analysis detected that 35 DH lines were positive and 31 negative for translocations. The differentiated lines will be studied to establish weather previously proposed gene(s) present on the translocated 5B or other chromosome(s) could confer resistance.
South African Journal of Plant and Soil
CITATIONS 0 READS 70 2 authors:
African journal of agricultural research
Yield stability of white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) cultivars were assessed to ide... more Yield stability of white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) cultivars were assessed to identify high yielding and stable cultivar(s) with adequate resistance to black rot caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. Field experiments were conducted with artificial inoculations for three years (1998-2000) in two locations and using 10 selected commercial cabbage cultivar(s). Stability was assessed via joint regression analysis and superiority analysis. The result indicated that cultivars Tenacity, Gideon and Gloria expressed average stability with high yield and adequate resistance. Cultivar Tenacity was selected for its greater mean yield and stability for advanced testing for resistance against black rot disease.
Australian Journal of Crop Science
This article gives an overview of potato reproductive biology as well as selection in early gener... more This article gives an overview of potato reproductive biology as well as selection in early generations' in conventional breeding programmes. Potato is an autotetraploid (2n=4x=48, 4EBN) with tetrasomic inheritance. Both interlocus and intralocus interactions occur and the more they are, the greater the heterosis. Both additive and non-addititve gene actions are important in controlling various traits. Favourable traits are fixed in F 1 generation due to clonal propagation. Potato is predominantly self pollinated; flowering and fruiting are mainly affected by genotype, day length, and temperature. Continued self-pollination results in inbreeding depression; this results in reduction of germination percentage, plant vigour, flowering, male fertility, and open-pollinated fruit set. Hybrids are generally more vigorous than open-pollinated seeds; the open-pollinated seeds are generally selfs. The principal method of potato breeding is the conventional hybridisation followed by recur...
Australian Journal of Crop Science
CITATIONS 2 READS 101 2 authors: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on thes... more CITATIONS 2 READS 101 2 authors: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Breeding wheat for drought tolerance View project Empowerment of women through water use security, land use security and knowledge generation for improved household food security and sustainable rural livelihoods in selected areas in limpopo View project
International Journal of Pest Management, 2016
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2016
Drought stress is one of the leading constraints to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production globa... more Drought stress is one of the leading constraints to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production globally. Breeding for drought tolerance using novel genetic resources is an important mitigation strategy. This study aimed to determine the level of drought tolerance among diverse bread wheat genotypes using agronomic traits and proline analyses and to establish correlation of proline content and agronomic traits under drought-stress conditions in order to select promising wheat lines for breeding. Ninety-six diverse genotypes including 88 lines from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)&amp;#39;s heat and drought nurseries, and eight local checks were evaluated under greenhouse and field conditions during 2014/15 and 2015/16 making four testing environments. The following phenotypic traits were collected after stress imposed during the heading to anthesis period: the number of days to heading (DTH), days to maturity (DTM), productive tiller number (TN), plant height (PH), spike length (SL), spikelet per spike (SPS), kernels per spike (KPS), thousand kernel weight (TKW) and grain yield (GY) and proline content (PC). Analysis of variance, Pearson&amp;#39;s correlation coefficient, principal component and stress tolerance index were calculated. Genotypes with high yield performance under stressed and optimum conditions maintained high values for yield components. Proline content significantly increased under stress, but weakly correlated with agronomic traits under both optimal and water limited conditions. The positive correlation observed between grain yield and proline content under-drought stress conditions provides evidence that proline accumulation might ultimately be considered as a tool for effective selection of drought tolerant genotypes. The study selected 12 genotypes with high grain yields under drought stressed conditions and favorable adaptive traits useful for breeding.
Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2012
Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2014
CITATION 1 READS 85 3 authors, including: Some of the authors of this publication are also workin... more CITATION 1 READS 85 3 authors, including: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Would it be possible to prepare Injera from the flour of a neglected and underutilized pasture crop, Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees??? View project Empowerment of women through water use security, land use security and knowledge generation for improved household food security and sustainable rural livelihoods in selected areas in limpopo View project
Australian Journal of Crop Science, Aug 1, 2014
CITATIONS 0 READS 68 4 authors, including: Some of the authors of this publication are also worki... more CITATIONS 0 READS 68 4 authors, including: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Would it be possible to prepare Injera from the flour of a neglected and underutilized pasture crop, Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees??? View project Empowerment of women through water use security, land use security and knowledge generation for improved household food security and sustainable rural livelihoods in selected areas in limpopo View project
Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] productivity is low in the subsistence farming systems due ... more Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] productivity is low in the subsistence farming systems due to biotic, abiotic and
socio-economic constraints. The objective of this study was to assess farmers’- perceived production constraints, preferred
traits and the farming system of cowpea, and its implication for breeding in northern Namibia. A participatory rural appraisal
studies was conducted across four selected regions of northern Namibia including Kavango East, Kavango West, Oshikoto
and Omusati where the crop is predominantly cultivated. Primary data was collected using structured interviews involving
171 households. Results showed that 70.2% farmers grow local unimproved cowpea varieties and 29.8% used improved
varieties either singly or in combination of two or three. About 62.6% of interviewed farmers reported low yields of
cowpea varying from 100-599 kg/ha, while 6% achieved good grain harvests of 1500-1999 kg/ha. Most farmers (59.1%)
produced cowpea for home consumption, while 23.4% indicated its food and market value. Field pests such as aphids
(77.8%), leaf beetles (53.2%) and pod borers (60%) and bruchids (100%) were the major constraints. Striga gesnerioides
and Alectra Vogelii (Benth) were the principal parasitic weeds reported by 79.5% cowpea farmers. Soil fertility levels were
reported to be very low across regions and all farmers did not apply any fertilizers on cowpea. Farmers-preferred traits of
cowpea included a straight pod shape (61.4%), a long pod size, bearing at least 10 seeds (68.4%), white grain colour
(22.2%) and above ground biomass (42.1%). Inter-cropping of cowpea with sorghum or pearl millet was the dominant
cowpea farming system in northern Namibia. 68.4% of farmers used a relatively smaller proportion of their land (<1 ha)
for cowpea production while only 9.9% allocate more than 5 ha. Breeding for high grain yield and farmers-preferred traits
and availability of seed and production input are the most important strategies to increase cowpea production and productivity
by subsistence farmers in the northern regions of Namibia.
Key words: Agro-ecology, Cowpea, Farming system, Namibia, Participatory rural appraisal.
Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2013
CITATIONS 0 READS 92 4 authors, including: Some of the authors of this publication are also worki... more CITATIONS 0 READS 92 4 authors, including: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Biological control of liver fluke in cattle View project Empowerment of women through water use security, land use security and knowledge generation for improved household food security and sustainable rural livelihoods in selected areas in limpopo View project Placide Rukundo Rwanda Agricultural Board 5 PUBLICATIONS 7 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE
Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2016
Euphytica, Jan 10, 2010
CITATIONS 2 READS 78 3 authors:
Acta Horticulturae, 2012
CITATION 1 READS 28 3 authors: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these ... more CITATION 1 READS 28 3 authors: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Empowerment of women through water use security, land use security and knowledge generation for improved household food security and sustainable rural livelihoods in selected areas in limpopo View project Would it be possible to prepare Injera from the flour of a neglected and underutilized pasture crop, Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees??? View project
of the traditional cropping systems in the semiarid tropics. Its productivity is generally low si... more of the traditional cropping systems in the semiarid tropics. Its productivity is generally low since farmers still grow unimproved landraces as a result of unavailability of improved and locally adapted cultivars. The objective of this study was to determine the relative yield response and stability among selected improved cowpea genotypes to make recommendation for wide or specific adaptation. Field experiments were conducted at three locations, three planting dates using ten diverse cowpea genotypes in South Africa during 2005/2006. The experiments were laid out in the randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed significant interactions (P≤0.01) among genotypes, planting dates and locations for seed yield. The average yield varied from 2583.37 to 3997.78 kg/ha. Genotypes Pan311, CH14 and IT18E-16 were identified with high seed yield measured at 3997.78, 3777.15, and 3751.48 kg/ha, respectively. These genotypes were the most stable yielding that would be suitable for production under these or other similar environments in South Africa.
Breeding wheat for drought tolerance View project Empowerment of women through water use security... more Breeding wheat for drought tolerance View project Empowerment of women through water use security, land use security and knowledge generation for improved household food security and sustainable rural livelihoods in selected areas in limpopo View project
AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
C-banding analysis of plant chromosomes has various applications including construction of karyot... more C-banding analysis of plant chromosomes has various applications including construction of karyotypes to identify lines with polymorphic banding patterns, to study structural aberrations and other cytogenetics research. 66 double haploid (DH) lines were produced from crosses of stripe rust susceptible common wheat cultivar 'Plamiet' (Triticum aestivum, 2n=6x=42; AABBDD) with resistant cultivar 'Cappelle-Desprez' (CD) characterized with 5B/7B reciprocal chromosome translocations. Cbanding analysis was conducted to detect the presences of the 5B/7B translocations among the DH wheat lines. The analysis detected that 35 DH lines were positive and 31 negative for translocations. The differentiated lines will be studied to establish weather previously proposed gene(s) present on the translocated 5B or other chromosome(s) could confer resistance.
South African Journal of Plant and Soil
CITATIONS 0 READS 70 2 authors:
African journal of agricultural research
Yield stability of white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) cultivars were assessed to ide... more Yield stability of white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) cultivars were assessed to identify high yielding and stable cultivar(s) with adequate resistance to black rot caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. Field experiments were conducted with artificial inoculations for three years (1998-2000) in two locations and using 10 selected commercial cabbage cultivar(s). Stability was assessed via joint regression analysis and superiority analysis. The result indicated that cultivars Tenacity, Gideon and Gloria expressed average stability with high yield and adequate resistance. Cultivar Tenacity was selected for its greater mean yield and stability for advanced testing for resistance against black rot disease.
Australian Journal of Crop Science
This article gives an overview of potato reproductive biology as well as selection in early gener... more This article gives an overview of potato reproductive biology as well as selection in early generations' in conventional breeding programmes. Potato is an autotetraploid (2n=4x=48, 4EBN) with tetrasomic inheritance. Both interlocus and intralocus interactions occur and the more they are, the greater the heterosis. Both additive and non-addititve gene actions are important in controlling various traits. Favourable traits are fixed in F 1 generation due to clonal propagation. Potato is predominantly self pollinated; flowering and fruiting are mainly affected by genotype, day length, and temperature. Continued self-pollination results in inbreeding depression; this results in reduction of germination percentage, plant vigour, flowering, male fertility, and open-pollinated fruit set. Hybrids are generally more vigorous than open-pollinated seeds; the open-pollinated seeds are generally selfs. The principal method of potato breeding is the conventional hybridisation followed by recur...