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Papers by IGNATIUS MZUNGU
Journal of Proteomics & Bioinformatics, 2020
This study was conducted to determine the fungal contaminants of garri in Dutsinma metropolis. A ... more This study was conducted to determine the fungal contaminants of garri in Dutsinma metropolis. A total of 150 samples were bought at random, 75 each of white and red garri from three different markets including Wednesday market, Abuja road market and Old market respectively. The fungi isolated using standard microbiological techniques were Alternaria spp. (3.7%), Aspergillus spp. (14.8%), Cladosporium spp. (27.8%), Fusarium spp. (9.3%), Mucor spp. (12.9%), Penicillium spp. (16.7%) and Rhizopus spp. (14.8%) in white garri. For yellow garri: Alternaria spp. (2.9%), Aspergillus spp. (8.8%), Cladosporium spp. (29.4%), Fusarium spp. (8.8%), Mucor spp. (11.8%), Penicillium spp. (20.6%) and Rhizopus spp. (17.6%) with Cladosporium and Rhizopus recording the highest occurrence in both white and yellow garri. Higher fungi species were isolated from white garri (54) compared to yellow (34) samples. Moisture content recorded showed higher content in white garri than in the yellow garri. Identif...
FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES, 2020
Several parasitic infections are associated with poor personal hygiene and environmental sanitati... more Several parasitic infections are associated with poor personal hygiene and environmental sanitation resulting in fruits containing eggs, cysts or larva of parasites. A survey of some fruits sold around Dutsin-ma metropolis in Katsina was carried out to identify the eggs, cyst and larva present on them. A total of 180 fruit pieces were examined using standard wet mount procedure and Kinyoun acid fast stain to detect presence of parasites. The percentage of fruits found with eggs, cysts or larvae of six parasites identified were eggs of hookworm (16.42%), Ascaris lumbricoides eggs (24.30%), Trichuris trichuira eggs (8.62%), Strongyloides stercoralis larvae (6.64%), immature cyst of Entamoeba histolytica (31.62%) and eggs of Taenia species (12.4%) respectively. Garden eggs had the highest percentage with parasites’ ova, cysts or larva (60.3%) followed by water melon (21.4%) and cucumber (12.12%), mangoes (10%), carrots (4.8%) and oranges (0%). The chi-square test showed significant (p&...
Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology, 2019
This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of geohelminth parasites of horses in Du... more This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of geohelminth parasites of horses in Dutsinma metropolis between May to August, 2016. Fresh fecal sample were obtained from the rectum of 48 randomly selected horses. A floatation technique was used for the lab work experiment. From the result, out of the total sample collected 6 (12.50%) were positive with eggs of two parasites Strongyles and Oxyuris spp with the prevalence of (6.25%) for each. Among the three points of sample collection, the highest prevalence was recorded at Kadangaru (20.00%) followed by Unguwa Yandaka (18.18%) and no case recorded at Hayingada. X2 cal = 36.84 at P=0.05 and 2df. The highest prevalence was recorded among the males (18.52%) while only 1 female was affected with the prevalence of (4.76%) X2 cal = 36.57 at P=0.05 and 2df. Prevalence was recorded in adult of 14.29% while young horses recorded a prevalence of 10.00%, X2 cal = 36.84 at P=0.05 Strongyles and Oxyuris spp were recognized as importa...
Journal of Advances in Microbiology, 2019
Escherichia coli infections and poor nutritional status have implications on the growth and devel... more Escherichia coli infections and poor nutritional status have implications on the growth and development of children under five years, physically, mentally and health wise with consequences such as diarrhoea, stunting, wasting, underweight and often times leading to death, depending on their severity. This study evaluated the antibiogram of Escherichia coli O157 and Verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC)and the nutritional status of diarrhoeic children under five years in Kaduna State, Nigeria, using Conventional isolation methods, latex agglutination tests, VTEC-ELISA tests, Chi-square (SPSS Version 19) and WHO Antro (Version 3.2.2). Purposive sampling was used to select 350 children presenting with diarrhoea in six government hospitals within the three senatorial zones of Kaduna State. The results obtained revealed that 76(21.7%) of the 350 stool samples were positive for E. coli and 28(36.8%) were positive for E. coli O157:H7serotype and 1(1.3%) verocytotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC)...
Research Square (Research Square), Apr 12, 2023
Background: Antibiotics resistant bacteria (ARB) are a global problem. Patients and hospital envi... more Background: Antibiotics resistant bacteria (ARB) are a global problem. Patients and hospital environments can be sources for dissemination of ARB that are Multi-drug Resistant (MDR). Methods: We characterized MDR bacteria from clinical and hospital environments from selected hospitals within Katsina State, Nigeria. A total of 203 bacteria were isolated from 420 samples (clinical= 220 and hospital environment=200). Bacteria preliminary identi cation and antibiogram were determined by biochemical characterization and Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method, respectively. MDR bacteria were selected based on resistance to 3 classes of antibiotics. MDR bacteria were further identi ed and characterized with vitek-2-compact system. The micro-dilution automated system further identi ed Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter cloacea spp dissolvens, Enterobacter cloacea and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as MDR isolates with the highest resistance phenotypes. Results: Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated bacteria from clinical samples; i.e. infected surgical incisions (23.58%) and infected trauma wounds (20.75%) and hospital environmental samples; i.e. door handles (32.98%) and desks (14.43%). Highest resistance (92.79%) each to ampicillin and gentamycin was observed among hospital environmental isolates. Clinical isolates showed highest (80.19%) resistance to cefoxitin. MDR bacteria showed 12 antibiotics resistance patterns and most common (20/50) resistance phenotypes among MDR clinical isolates was to amoxiclav, cefoxitin and cipro oxacin while resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, colistin sulphate, kanamycin and nalidixic acid was commonly (10/50) observed among hospital environmental isolates. Conclusions: High occurrence of MDR bacteria in the studied locations may be disseminated among patients, healthcare workers and the environment, and portend a great public health consequence. Hence, there is need for concerted AMR surveillance in these locations.
Journal of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology
Herbicides’ toxic impact on the non-target soil microorganisms which play roles in degrading orga... more Herbicides’ toxic impact on the non-target soil microorganisms which play roles in degrading organic matter, nitrogen and nutrient recycling and decomposition needs to be considered. In the present study, the effect of four (4) most commonly used herbicides, viz; atrazine, 2, 4- D amine, glyphosate and paraquat on soil microorganisms was assessed over a period of fifteen continuous days (exposure period). The herbicide treatments were the normal recommended field rate, (6.67 mg active ingredient per gram of soil for atrazine, 6.17 mg for 2, 4-D amine, 5.56 mg for glyphosate, and 2.46 mg for paraquat), half and double of the recommended field rates. Tables 4.1 through 4.5 showed the various heterotrophic bacterial colony counts obtained from the various treatments, ranging from the control (Day 1; no herbicide applied) to days 3, 6, 9 and 15 after the application of the various herbicides, respectively. Two general trends are readily observed: the first is that, upon application of t...
The aim of this study is to comparatively analyze the bacterial load and physiochemical parameter... more The aim of this study is to comparatively analyze the bacterial load and physiochemical parameters of water samples from various sources used by the students of Federal University, Dutsinma Katsina State. Samples from tap, well, dam, rain, sachet and boreholes were collected at different locations where students reside. There were 6 sources of water, namely; tap water, dam water, well water, borehole water, sachet water and rain water from which 10 samples were obtained each, making a total of 60 samples for analysis. The physicochemical parameters of each water samples were detected. According the technique adopted by Chessbrough. (2000), the samples were serially diluted, 3 test tubes were sterilized and distilled water of 9ml were Pipette into these test tubes, 1ml of the water sample was pipette into the first test tube and was shaken vigorously to have a homogeneous mixture (stock). Bacterial count of each water sample was carried out and presence of Escherichia coli, P.aeruginosa, S.aureus, S.typhi, K.pneumoniae, B.subtilis, Proteus sp, Shigella sp, and E.aerogenes were identified. Biochemical tests were carried out for accurate characterization of the isolates. The pattern of occurrence the studied physico-chemical parameters (except pH) of borehole water, sachet water, Dam, Rain, well, tap water were within the permissible limit set by World Health Organization. The pH of all samples of sachet water were within the permissible limit set by World Health Organization However, the pH of 7 out of 10 samples of borehole water and 8 out of 10 samples of tap water were within the permissible limit set by World Health Organization. The prevalence of indicator organisms in water samples are as follows; Klebsiella pneumoniae (Dam water=100%, Sachet water=0, Tap water=80%, Borehole=70%, Rain=20%, Well=100%), Escherichia coli(Dam water=100%, Sachet water=0, Tap water=20%, Borehole=10%, Rain=0, Well=100%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Dam water=100%, Sachet All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLM... more A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE (MICROBIOLOGY) DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA NOVEMBER, 2007
Contamination of food materials by aflatoxigenic moulds put the health and well-being of consumer... more Contamination of food materials by aflatoxigenic moulds put the health and well-being of consumers of such food materials at risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify moulds capable of producing mycotoxins from maize millet, guinea corn, groundnut and groundnut cake sold to consumers within Dutsinma metropolis, Katsina State of Nigeria. Fungal isolation was done using the direct plating of serially diluted samples of the cereals and legumes, and direct plating technique of surface-sterilized samples of same on potato dextrose agar. Fungi colonies were purified by sub-culturing on fresh potato dextrose agar. The Isolates were identified by comparison of colony morphology and microscopic characteristics with standard reference guide for identification. Determination of aflatoxin producing potential of fungal isolates was carried out using fluorescence under UV-light at 365nm. A total of 124 fungi were isolated and identified. Fifty five (55) o...
Archives of Medical and Biomedical Research, 2016
This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of Salmonella species among children having dia... more This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of Salmonella species among children having diarrhea in Katsina State, Nigeria. A total of 220 diarrhea stool samples of children aged five years and below (0-5 years) were collected and screened for Salmonella species using culture technique. Presumptively positive isolates were further screened biochemically and serologically, using Microgen TM Enterobactericeae ID kit and Microgen TM Salmonella rapid confirmatory latex agglutination test kit. Antibiotic susceptibility of confirmed isolates was carried out and resistance patterns of the isolates determined. The highest incidence was observed in children of 13-24 months of age and the least in children of 0-12 months of age. There was a higher prevalence in male than female children. All the isolates screened were resistant to Ampicillin and Amoxicillin and of these, 90.9% were resistant to Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and 45.5% were resistant to Nalidixic acid. However, 100% were sensitive to Gentamicin, 90.9% were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and Cefotaxime and 9.09% showed reduced susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin. Both the occurrence of Salmonella in children and their resistance to multiple antibiotics as observed are of public health significance. The vein of this study underscores the importance of routine monitoring of the incidence of Salmonella and continued health education of caregivers.
Journal of Proteomics & Bioinformatics, 2020
This study was conducted to determine the fungal contaminants of garri in Dutsinma metropolis. A ... more This study was conducted to determine the fungal contaminants of garri in Dutsinma metropolis. A total of 150 samples were bought at random, 75 each of white and red garri from three different markets including Wednesday market, Abuja road market and Old market respectively. The fungi isolated using standard microbiological techniques were Alternaria spp. (3.7%), Aspergillus spp. (14.8%), Cladosporium spp. (27.8%), Fusarium spp. (9.3%), Mucor spp. (12.9%), Penicillium spp. (16.7%) and Rhizopus spp. (14.8%) in white garri. For yellow garri: Alternaria spp. (2.9%), Aspergillus spp. (8.8%), Cladosporium spp. (29.4%), Fusarium spp. (8.8%), Mucor spp. (11.8%), Penicillium spp. (20.6%) and Rhizopus spp. (17.6%) with Cladosporium and Rhizopus recording the highest occurrence in both white and yellow garri. Higher fungi species were isolated from white garri (54) compared to yellow (34) samples. Moisture content recorded showed higher content in white garri than in the yellow garri. Identif...
FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES, 2020
Several parasitic infections are associated with poor personal hygiene and environmental sanitati... more Several parasitic infections are associated with poor personal hygiene and environmental sanitation resulting in fruits containing eggs, cysts or larva of parasites. A survey of some fruits sold around Dutsin-ma metropolis in Katsina was carried out to identify the eggs, cyst and larva present on them. A total of 180 fruit pieces were examined using standard wet mount procedure and Kinyoun acid fast stain to detect presence of parasites. The percentage of fruits found with eggs, cysts or larvae of six parasites identified were eggs of hookworm (16.42%), Ascaris lumbricoides eggs (24.30%), Trichuris trichuira eggs (8.62%), Strongyloides stercoralis larvae (6.64%), immature cyst of Entamoeba histolytica (31.62%) and eggs of Taenia species (12.4%) respectively. Garden eggs had the highest percentage with parasites’ ova, cysts or larva (60.3%) followed by water melon (21.4%) and cucumber (12.12%), mangoes (10%), carrots (4.8%) and oranges (0%). The chi-square test showed significant (p&...
Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology, 2019
This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of geohelminth parasites of horses in Du... more This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of geohelminth parasites of horses in Dutsinma metropolis between May to August, 2016. Fresh fecal sample were obtained from the rectum of 48 randomly selected horses. A floatation technique was used for the lab work experiment. From the result, out of the total sample collected 6 (12.50%) were positive with eggs of two parasites Strongyles and Oxyuris spp with the prevalence of (6.25%) for each. Among the three points of sample collection, the highest prevalence was recorded at Kadangaru (20.00%) followed by Unguwa Yandaka (18.18%) and no case recorded at Hayingada. X2 cal = 36.84 at P=0.05 and 2df. The highest prevalence was recorded among the males (18.52%) while only 1 female was affected with the prevalence of (4.76%) X2 cal = 36.57 at P=0.05 and 2df. Prevalence was recorded in adult of 14.29% while young horses recorded a prevalence of 10.00%, X2 cal = 36.84 at P=0.05 Strongyles and Oxyuris spp were recognized as importa...
Journal of Advances in Microbiology, 2019
Escherichia coli infections and poor nutritional status have implications on the growth and devel... more Escherichia coli infections and poor nutritional status have implications on the growth and development of children under five years, physically, mentally and health wise with consequences such as diarrhoea, stunting, wasting, underweight and often times leading to death, depending on their severity. This study evaluated the antibiogram of Escherichia coli O157 and Verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC)and the nutritional status of diarrhoeic children under five years in Kaduna State, Nigeria, using Conventional isolation methods, latex agglutination tests, VTEC-ELISA tests, Chi-square (SPSS Version 19) and WHO Antro (Version 3.2.2). Purposive sampling was used to select 350 children presenting with diarrhoea in six government hospitals within the three senatorial zones of Kaduna State. The results obtained revealed that 76(21.7%) of the 350 stool samples were positive for E. coli and 28(36.8%) were positive for E. coli O157:H7serotype and 1(1.3%) verocytotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC)...
Research Square (Research Square), Apr 12, 2023
Background: Antibiotics resistant bacteria (ARB) are a global problem. Patients and hospital envi... more Background: Antibiotics resistant bacteria (ARB) are a global problem. Patients and hospital environments can be sources for dissemination of ARB that are Multi-drug Resistant (MDR). Methods: We characterized MDR bacteria from clinical and hospital environments from selected hospitals within Katsina State, Nigeria. A total of 203 bacteria were isolated from 420 samples (clinical= 220 and hospital environment=200). Bacteria preliminary identi cation and antibiogram were determined by biochemical characterization and Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method, respectively. MDR bacteria were selected based on resistance to 3 classes of antibiotics. MDR bacteria were further identi ed and characterized with vitek-2-compact system. The micro-dilution automated system further identi ed Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter cloacea spp dissolvens, Enterobacter cloacea and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as MDR isolates with the highest resistance phenotypes. Results: Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated bacteria from clinical samples; i.e. infected surgical incisions (23.58%) and infected trauma wounds (20.75%) and hospital environmental samples; i.e. door handles (32.98%) and desks (14.43%). Highest resistance (92.79%) each to ampicillin and gentamycin was observed among hospital environmental isolates. Clinical isolates showed highest (80.19%) resistance to cefoxitin. MDR bacteria showed 12 antibiotics resistance patterns and most common (20/50) resistance phenotypes among MDR clinical isolates was to amoxiclav, cefoxitin and cipro oxacin while resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, colistin sulphate, kanamycin and nalidixic acid was commonly (10/50) observed among hospital environmental isolates. Conclusions: High occurrence of MDR bacteria in the studied locations may be disseminated among patients, healthcare workers and the environment, and portend a great public health consequence. Hence, there is need for concerted AMR surveillance in these locations.
Journal of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology
Herbicides’ toxic impact on the non-target soil microorganisms which play roles in degrading orga... more Herbicides’ toxic impact on the non-target soil microorganisms which play roles in degrading organic matter, nitrogen and nutrient recycling and decomposition needs to be considered. In the present study, the effect of four (4) most commonly used herbicides, viz; atrazine, 2, 4- D amine, glyphosate and paraquat on soil microorganisms was assessed over a period of fifteen continuous days (exposure period). The herbicide treatments were the normal recommended field rate, (6.67 mg active ingredient per gram of soil for atrazine, 6.17 mg for 2, 4-D amine, 5.56 mg for glyphosate, and 2.46 mg for paraquat), half and double of the recommended field rates. Tables 4.1 through 4.5 showed the various heterotrophic bacterial colony counts obtained from the various treatments, ranging from the control (Day 1; no herbicide applied) to days 3, 6, 9 and 15 after the application of the various herbicides, respectively. Two general trends are readily observed: the first is that, upon application of t...
The aim of this study is to comparatively analyze the bacterial load and physiochemical parameter... more The aim of this study is to comparatively analyze the bacterial load and physiochemical parameters of water samples from various sources used by the students of Federal University, Dutsinma Katsina State. Samples from tap, well, dam, rain, sachet and boreholes were collected at different locations where students reside. There were 6 sources of water, namely; tap water, dam water, well water, borehole water, sachet water and rain water from which 10 samples were obtained each, making a total of 60 samples for analysis. The physicochemical parameters of each water samples were detected. According the technique adopted by Chessbrough. (2000), the samples were serially diluted, 3 test tubes were sterilized and distilled water of 9ml were Pipette into these test tubes, 1ml of the water sample was pipette into the first test tube and was shaken vigorously to have a homogeneous mixture (stock). Bacterial count of each water sample was carried out and presence of Escherichia coli, P.aeruginosa, S.aureus, S.typhi, K.pneumoniae, B.subtilis, Proteus sp, Shigella sp, and E.aerogenes were identified. Biochemical tests were carried out for accurate characterization of the isolates. The pattern of occurrence the studied physico-chemical parameters (except pH) of borehole water, sachet water, Dam, Rain, well, tap water were within the permissible limit set by World Health Organization. The pH of all samples of sachet water were within the permissible limit set by World Health Organization However, the pH of 7 out of 10 samples of borehole water and 8 out of 10 samples of tap water were within the permissible limit set by World Health Organization. The prevalence of indicator organisms in water samples are as follows; Klebsiella pneumoniae (Dam water=100%, Sachet water=0, Tap water=80%, Borehole=70%, Rain=20%, Well=100%), Escherichia coli(Dam water=100%, Sachet water=0, Tap water=20%, Borehole=10%, Rain=0, Well=100%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Dam water=100%, Sachet All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLM... more A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE (MICROBIOLOGY) DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA NOVEMBER, 2007
Contamination of food materials by aflatoxigenic moulds put the health and well-being of consumer... more Contamination of food materials by aflatoxigenic moulds put the health and well-being of consumers of such food materials at risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify moulds capable of producing mycotoxins from maize millet, guinea corn, groundnut and groundnut cake sold to consumers within Dutsinma metropolis, Katsina State of Nigeria. Fungal isolation was done using the direct plating of serially diluted samples of the cereals and legumes, and direct plating technique of surface-sterilized samples of same on potato dextrose agar. Fungi colonies were purified by sub-culturing on fresh potato dextrose agar. The Isolates were identified by comparison of colony morphology and microscopic characteristics with standard reference guide for identification. Determination of aflatoxin producing potential of fungal isolates was carried out using fluorescence under UV-light at 365nm. A total of 124 fungi were isolated and identified. Fifty five (55) o...
Archives of Medical and Biomedical Research, 2016
This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of Salmonella species among children having dia... more This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of Salmonella species among children having diarrhea in Katsina State, Nigeria. A total of 220 diarrhea stool samples of children aged five years and below (0-5 years) were collected and screened for Salmonella species using culture technique. Presumptively positive isolates were further screened biochemically and serologically, using Microgen TM Enterobactericeae ID kit and Microgen TM Salmonella rapid confirmatory latex agglutination test kit. Antibiotic susceptibility of confirmed isolates was carried out and resistance patterns of the isolates determined. The highest incidence was observed in children of 13-24 months of age and the least in children of 0-12 months of age. There was a higher prevalence in male than female children. All the isolates screened were resistant to Ampicillin and Amoxicillin and of these, 90.9% were resistant to Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and 45.5% were resistant to Nalidixic acid. However, 100% were sensitive to Gentamicin, 90.9% were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and Cefotaxime and 9.09% showed reduced susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin. Both the occurrence of Salmonella in children and their resistance to multiple antibiotics as observed are of public health significance. The vein of this study underscores the importance of routine monitoring of the incidence of Salmonella and continued health education of caregivers.