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Papers by IVAN GABRIEL IVAN

Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 2009

The accelerated development of transport and transport technology is significantly contributing t... more The accelerated development of transport and transport technology is significantly contributing to air pollution by motor vehicle emissions in large urban environments. The analysis of mass public transport in Belgrade, the transportation supply, the transport services delivered, the number of passengers transported, clearly concludes that by investing in its capacity, significant progress in the preservation of the city environment can be achieved. The paper analyzes the economic and environmental aspects of the modernization and renewal of the public bus subsystem as the major bearer of the transport supply through the use of alternative fuels, natural gas and biodiesel. Santrauka Didėjantys transporto ir transporto technologijų vystymosi tempai gerokai padidina oro užterštumą urbanizuotose teritorijose. Analizuojama viešojo transporto (autobusų) modernizacijos bei atkūrimo, naudojant alternatyvų kurą (natūralias dujas ir biodyzeliną), galimybe ekonominiais ir aplinkosaugos aspekt...

ULTIMART Jurnal Komunikasi Visual

Aksara Jawa merupakan Identitas budaya Nusantara yang bisa diangkat menjadi bagian dari perkemban... more Aksara Jawa merupakan Identitas budaya Nusantara yang bisa diangkat menjadi bagian dari perkembangan tipografi modern Indonesia. Namun tidak banyak desainer tipografi Indonesia memunculkan karya dengan Aksara Jawa sebagai stimulinya, sehingga tidak banyak, bahkan jarang typeface Indonesia yang mengangkat akar budaya Nusantara sebagai pondasi tipografi Indonesia. Perancangan ini diharapkan dapat memadukan aksara Jawa dengan perancangan tipografi modern, sehingga memunculkan typeface sebagai identitas Indonesia, adapun hasil akhir berupa perancangan font dan type specimen book. Kata kunci: typeface, tipografi, aksara Jawa, kebudayaan Indonesia

This book gives a brief history of education in Romania over the last decade. The text is divided... more This book gives a brief history of education in Romania over the last decade. The text is divided into two parts. Part 1 provides a background report, whereas part 2 presents the results of an Orcianisation for Economic Cooperation and Development review team's analysis of recent trends and reform initiatives. The first section describes the administrative architecture and responsibilities of the education system and includes vocational education, governing boards, and teachers' unions. The regulatory and legal framework and informal rules, as well as the practices, of the education system are also described, including personnel, curriculum, textbooks, equipment, school infrastructure, student enrollment, quality control, financial administration, and control. The second part provides concrete and pragmatic advice on directions for policy, taking into account the present and emerging context of the country and stressing a more strategic role for education authorities at the national level. It includes a summary of the most important components of Romania's current education-reform efforts, a discussion of Romania's social and economic environment, an overview of the major subsectors of the education system, and a discussion of the critical need for development of human resources. The report concludes with a set of summary recommendations. (Contains 34 references.) (RJM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.

Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability, 2016

Using renewable energy is becoming more profitable nowadays because of applying advanced technolo... more Using renewable energy is becoming more profitable nowadays because of applying advanced technology. The paper, presented by the authors, analyses the case of using solar and geothermal energy to create comfort in homes with low energy consumption. In this situation, the performance of the systems that take energy from low-heat renewable sources and convert it into useful energy is growing. The characteristics of the buildings with low power consumption, of passive houses in particular, can cause the development of a new generation of devices to create comfort. The energy used to create comfort in the first passive house built in Romania, which was designed for offices, analyzed by the authors, is using both geothermal and solar power. The authors present the energy performance of the building correlated with the performance of the airconditioning system that uses groundwater heat pumps. The thermodynamic analysis presented, highlights how the performance of geothermal energy systems increased, their variation depending on the climate zone variation parameter values. The authors make a detailed analysis, in the presented paper, about the influence of the working conditions of the installation elements, on the heat pump energy consumption and the methods adopted to reduce losses and increase system performance.

CRUMMER GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS SUNTRUST BANK Gold and Oil-Gold trades in USD; its price move... more CRUMMER GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS SUNTRUST BANK Gold and Oil-Gold trades in USD; its price moves counter to the dollar. If the U.S. GDP growth dominates USD valuation, gold will trade off. The same holds true for oil. The sharp increase in oil is a constricted-supply-increased-demand issue, with countries like China and India demanding a lot of oil and not using it efficiently. Demand is outstripping supply but not by levels that should deem 56/barreloilprices.Ifyoulookatoilwithrespecttoanindexofprimarymetals(copper,nickel,magnesium,etc)whichareequallyimportantinindustrialproduction,youseethat,especiallyrecently,oilhasseriouslyoutpacedprimarymetals.Infact,sinceits2001low,oilhasincreased21456/barrel oil prices. If you look at oil with respect to an index of primary metals (copper, nickel, magnesium, etc) which are equally important in industrial production, you see that, especially recently, oil has seriously outpaced primary metals. In fact, since its 2001low, oil has increased 214% and an index of metals has increased 122%. To frame this even more clearly, gold has risen 73% and the S&P 500 had risen 55% over the same period. While we feel oil is overpriced, we feel that it is not likely to decline in the near term. The March 31, 2005 Goldman Sachs estimate of 56/barreloilprices.Ifyoulookatoilwithrespecttoanindexofprimarymetals(copper,nickel,magnesium,etc)whichareequallyimportantinindustrialproduction,youseethat,especiallyrecently,oilhasseriouslyoutpacedprimarymetals.Infact,sinceits2001low,oilhasincreased214105 certainly serves to fuel the frenzy of concern and uncertainty surrounding oil. Moreover, due to the uncertainty in the world regarding terrorism and natural disasters, a cataclysmic incident may likely cause oil prices to increase dramatically. The overall prospects for the US economy in broad terms are good despite the uncertainty introduced by several offsetting factors. However, we feel that these factors serve to cool off the burgeoning economy seen during '03 and '04. Sector Outlook and Concerns We maintain that gains in 2005-2006 will be made through identifying individual companies that should have strong and consistent earnings growth. Consumer Staples-Market Weight-There are concerns that the broad market may be unable to expand increase P /E multiples in the face of rising interest rates and a slowdown in earnings growth uncertainty, so this sector has enjoyed a substantial amount of defensive-minded capital inflows. Although rising energy prices may act to slow consumer spending in general, consumer staples, by definition, will continue to be in demand. We are neutral jn this sector. Consumer Discretionary-Market Weight-The continuing accommodative stance of interest rates and the improving job market are certainly countered by the "taxation" effect caused by rising oil prices. However, recent statistics show that discretionary spending has not waned as expected. We are neutral in this sector. Energy-Market Weight-A great deal of uncertainty is associated with energy commodities and companies, but a constrained oil supply paired with increasing oil demand will mean higher prices for oil and other energy-related commodities. However, the risk of an appreciating dollar will have adverse effects on oil prices, so a neutral position may be prudent. Financials-Underweight-We are reluctant in this sector due to concerns about the earnings impact of a flattening yield curve, a likely slowdown in the housing market, the sector's history of doing poorly after an initial rate hike, the FOMC's intention of returning the fed funds rate to a more neutral level, and the "taxation" effect of rising oil prices on economic activity. We feel that these catalysts are reasons to be underweight in this sector. Healthcare-Market Weight-The demand for healthcare will continue to increase for the next decade, as Baby Boomers age and longevity increases. Certain sub-sectors, such as pharmaceuticals, have seen tremendous losses due to the binary nature of business events.

CRUMMER GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS SUNTRUST BANK Gold and Oil-Gold trades in USD; its price move... more CRUMMER GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS SUNTRUST BANK Gold and Oil-Gold trades in USD; its price moves counter to the dollar. If the U.S. GDP growth dominates USD valuation, gold will trade off. The same holds true for oil. The sharp increase in oil is a constricted-supply-increased-demand issue, with countries like China and India demanding a lot of oil and not using it efficiently. Demand is outstripping supply but not by levels that should deem 56/barreloilprices.Ifyoulookatoilwithrespecttoanindexofprimarymetals(copper,nickel,magnesium,etc)whichareequallyimportantinindustrialproduction,youseethat,especiallyrecently,oilhasseriouslyoutpacedprimarymetals.Infact,sinceits2001low,oilhasincreased21456/barrel oil prices. If you look at oil with respect to an index of primary metals (copper, nickel, magnesium, etc) which are equally important in industrial production, you see that, especially recently, oil has seriously outpaced primary metals. In fact, since its 2001low, oil has increased 214% and an index of metals has increased 122%. To frame this even more clearly, gold has risen 73% and the S&P 500 had risen 55% over the same period. While we feel oil is overpriced, we feel that it is not likely to decline in the near term. The March 31, 2005 Goldman Sachs estimate of 56/barreloilprices.Ifyoulookatoilwithrespecttoanindexofprimarymetals(copper,nickel,magnesium,etc)whichareequallyimportantinindustrialproduction,youseethat,especiallyrecently,oilhasseriouslyoutpacedprimarymetals.Infact,sinceits2001low,oilhasincreased214105 certainly serves to fuel the frenzy of concern and uncertainty surrounding oil. Moreover, due to the uncertainty in the world regarding terrorism and natural disasters, a cataclysmic incident may likely cause oil prices to increase dramatically. The overall prospects for the US economy in broad terms are good despite the uncertainty introduced by several offsetting factors. However, we feel that these factors serve to cool off the burgeoning economy seen during '03 and '04. Sector Outlook and Concerns We maintain that gains in 2005-2006 will be made through identifying individual companies that should have strong and consistent earnings growth. Consumer Staples-Market Weight-There are concerns that the broad market may be unable to expand increase P /E multiples in the face of rising interest rates and a slowdown in earnings growth uncertainty, so this sector has enjoyed a substantial amount of defensive-minded capital inflows. Although rising energy prices may act to slow consumer spending in general, consumer staples, by definition, will continue to be in demand. We are neutral jn this sector. Consumer Discretionary-Market Weight-The continuing accommodative stance of interest rates and the improving job market are certainly countered by the "taxation" effect caused by rising oil prices. However, recent statistics show that discretionary spending has not waned as expected. We are neutral in this sector. Energy-Market Weight-A great deal of uncertainty is associated with energy commodities and companies, but a constrained oil supply paired with increasing oil demand will mean higher prices for oil and other energy-related commodities. However, the risk of an appreciating dollar will have adverse effects on oil prices, so a neutral position may be prudent. Financials-Underweight-We are reluctant in this sector due to concerns about the earnings impact of a flattening yield curve, a likely slowdown in the housing market, the sector's history of doing poorly after an initial rate hike, the FOMC's intention of returning the fed funds rate to a more neutral level, and the "taxation" effect of rising oil prices on economic activity. We feel that these catalysts are reasons to be underweight in this sector. Healthcare-Market Weight-The demand for healthcare will continue to increase for the next decade, as Baby Boomers age and longevity increases. Certain sub-sectors, such as pharmaceuticals, have seen tremendous losses due to the binary nature of business events.

Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 2009

The accelerated development of transport and transport technology is significantly contributing t... more The accelerated development of transport and transport technology is significantly contributing to air pollution by motor vehicle emissions in large urban environments. The analysis of mass public transport in Belgrade, the transportation supply, the transport services delivered, the number of passengers transported, clearly concludes that by investing in its capacity, significant progress in the preservation of the city environment can be achieved. The paper analyzes the economic and environmental aspects of the modernization and renewal of the public bus subsystem as the major bearer of the transport supply through the use of alternative fuels, natural gas and biodiesel. Santrauka Didėjantys transporto ir transporto technologijų vystymosi tempai gerokai padidina oro užterštumą urbanizuotose teritorijose. Analizuojama viešojo transporto (autobusų) modernizacijos bei atkūrimo, naudojant alternatyvų kurą (natūralias dujas ir biodyzeliną), galimybe ekonominiais ir aplinkosaugos aspekt...

ULTIMART Jurnal Komunikasi Visual

Aksara Jawa merupakan Identitas budaya Nusantara yang bisa diangkat menjadi bagian dari perkemban... more Aksara Jawa merupakan Identitas budaya Nusantara yang bisa diangkat menjadi bagian dari perkembangan tipografi modern Indonesia. Namun tidak banyak desainer tipografi Indonesia memunculkan karya dengan Aksara Jawa sebagai stimulinya, sehingga tidak banyak, bahkan jarang typeface Indonesia yang mengangkat akar budaya Nusantara sebagai pondasi tipografi Indonesia. Perancangan ini diharapkan dapat memadukan aksara Jawa dengan perancangan tipografi modern, sehingga memunculkan typeface sebagai identitas Indonesia, adapun hasil akhir berupa perancangan font dan type specimen book. Kata kunci: typeface, tipografi, aksara Jawa, kebudayaan Indonesia

This book gives a brief history of education in Romania over the last decade. The text is divided... more This book gives a brief history of education in Romania over the last decade. The text is divided into two parts. Part 1 provides a background report, whereas part 2 presents the results of an Orcianisation for Economic Cooperation and Development review team's analysis of recent trends and reform initiatives. The first section describes the administrative architecture and responsibilities of the education system and includes vocational education, governing boards, and teachers' unions. The regulatory and legal framework and informal rules, as well as the practices, of the education system are also described, including personnel, curriculum, textbooks, equipment, school infrastructure, student enrollment, quality control, financial administration, and control. The second part provides concrete and pragmatic advice on directions for policy, taking into account the present and emerging context of the country and stressing a more strategic role for education authorities at the national level. It includes a summary of the most important components of Romania's current education-reform efforts, a discussion of Romania's social and economic environment, an overview of the major subsectors of the education system, and a discussion of the critical need for development of human resources. The report concludes with a set of summary recommendations. (Contains 34 references.) (RJM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.

Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability, 2016

Using renewable energy is becoming more profitable nowadays because of applying advanced technolo... more Using renewable energy is becoming more profitable nowadays because of applying advanced technology. The paper, presented by the authors, analyses the case of using solar and geothermal energy to create comfort in homes with low energy consumption. In this situation, the performance of the systems that take energy from low-heat renewable sources and convert it into useful energy is growing. The characteristics of the buildings with low power consumption, of passive houses in particular, can cause the development of a new generation of devices to create comfort. The energy used to create comfort in the first passive house built in Romania, which was designed for offices, analyzed by the authors, is using both geothermal and solar power. The authors present the energy performance of the building correlated with the performance of the airconditioning system that uses groundwater heat pumps. The thermodynamic analysis presented, highlights how the performance of geothermal energy systems increased, their variation depending on the climate zone variation parameter values. The authors make a detailed analysis, in the presented paper, about the influence of the working conditions of the installation elements, on the heat pump energy consumption and the methods adopted to reduce losses and increase system performance.

CRUMMER GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS SUNTRUST BANK Gold and Oil-Gold trades in USD; its price move... more CRUMMER GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS SUNTRUST BANK Gold and Oil-Gold trades in USD; its price moves counter to the dollar. If the U.S. GDP growth dominates USD valuation, gold will trade off. The same holds true for oil. The sharp increase in oil is a constricted-supply-increased-demand issue, with countries like China and India demanding a lot of oil and not using it efficiently. Demand is outstripping supply but not by levels that should deem 56/barreloilprices.Ifyoulookatoilwithrespecttoanindexofprimarymetals(copper,nickel,magnesium,etc)whichareequallyimportantinindustrialproduction,youseethat,especiallyrecently,oilhasseriouslyoutpacedprimarymetals.Infact,sinceits2001low,oilhasincreased21456/barrel oil prices. If you look at oil with respect to an index of primary metals (copper, nickel, magnesium, etc) which are equally important in industrial production, you see that, especially recently, oil has seriously outpaced primary metals. In fact, since its 2001low, oil has increased 214% and an index of metals has increased 122%. To frame this even more clearly, gold has risen 73% and the S&P 500 had risen 55% over the same period. While we feel oil is overpriced, we feel that it is not likely to decline in the near term. The March 31, 2005 Goldman Sachs estimate of 56/barreloilprices.Ifyoulookatoilwithrespecttoanindexofprimarymetals(copper,nickel,magnesium,etc)whichareequallyimportantinindustrialproduction,youseethat,especiallyrecently,oilhasseriouslyoutpacedprimarymetals.Infact,sinceits2001low,oilhasincreased214105 certainly serves to fuel the frenzy of concern and uncertainty surrounding oil. Moreover, due to the uncertainty in the world regarding terrorism and natural disasters, a cataclysmic incident may likely cause oil prices to increase dramatically. The overall prospects for the US economy in broad terms are good despite the uncertainty introduced by several offsetting factors. However, we feel that these factors serve to cool off the burgeoning economy seen during '03 and '04. Sector Outlook and Concerns We maintain that gains in 2005-2006 will be made through identifying individual companies that should have strong and consistent earnings growth. Consumer Staples-Market Weight-There are concerns that the broad market may be unable to expand increase P /E multiples in the face of rising interest rates and a slowdown in earnings growth uncertainty, so this sector has enjoyed a substantial amount of defensive-minded capital inflows. Although rising energy prices may act to slow consumer spending in general, consumer staples, by definition, will continue to be in demand. We are neutral jn this sector. Consumer Discretionary-Market Weight-The continuing accommodative stance of interest rates and the improving job market are certainly countered by the "taxation" effect caused by rising oil prices. However, recent statistics show that discretionary spending has not waned as expected. We are neutral in this sector. Energy-Market Weight-A great deal of uncertainty is associated with energy commodities and companies, but a constrained oil supply paired with increasing oil demand will mean higher prices for oil and other energy-related commodities. However, the risk of an appreciating dollar will have adverse effects on oil prices, so a neutral position may be prudent. Financials-Underweight-We are reluctant in this sector due to concerns about the earnings impact of a flattening yield curve, a likely slowdown in the housing market, the sector's history of doing poorly after an initial rate hike, the FOMC's intention of returning the fed funds rate to a more neutral level, and the "taxation" effect of rising oil prices on economic activity. We feel that these catalysts are reasons to be underweight in this sector. Healthcare-Market Weight-The demand for healthcare will continue to increase for the next decade, as Baby Boomers age and longevity increases. Certain sub-sectors, such as pharmaceuticals, have seen tremendous losses due to the binary nature of business events.

CRUMMER GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS SUNTRUST BANK Gold and Oil-Gold trades in USD; its price move... more CRUMMER GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS SUNTRUST BANK Gold and Oil-Gold trades in USD; its price moves counter to the dollar. If the U.S. GDP growth dominates USD valuation, gold will trade off. The same holds true for oil. The sharp increase in oil is a constricted-supply-increased-demand issue, with countries like China and India demanding a lot of oil and not using it efficiently. Demand is outstripping supply but not by levels that should deem 56/barreloilprices.Ifyoulookatoilwithrespecttoanindexofprimarymetals(copper,nickel,magnesium,etc)whichareequallyimportantinindustrialproduction,youseethat,especiallyrecently,oilhasseriouslyoutpacedprimarymetals.Infact,sinceits2001low,oilhasincreased21456/barrel oil prices. If you look at oil with respect to an index of primary metals (copper, nickel, magnesium, etc) which are equally important in industrial production, you see that, especially recently, oil has seriously outpaced primary metals. In fact, since its 2001low, oil has increased 214% and an index of metals has increased 122%. To frame this even more clearly, gold has risen 73% and the S&P 500 had risen 55% over the same period. While we feel oil is overpriced, we feel that it is not likely to decline in the near term. The March 31, 2005 Goldman Sachs estimate of 56/barreloilprices.Ifyoulookatoilwithrespecttoanindexofprimarymetals(copper,nickel,magnesium,etc)whichareequallyimportantinindustrialproduction,youseethat,especiallyrecently,oilhasseriouslyoutpacedprimarymetals.Infact,sinceits2001low,oilhasincreased214105 certainly serves to fuel the frenzy of concern and uncertainty surrounding oil. Moreover, due to the uncertainty in the world regarding terrorism and natural disasters, a cataclysmic incident may likely cause oil prices to increase dramatically. The overall prospects for the US economy in broad terms are good despite the uncertainty introduced by several offsetting factors. However, we feel that these factors serve to cool off the burgeoning economy seen during '03 and '04. Sector Outlook and Concerns We maintain that gains in 2005-2006 will be made through identifying individual companies that should have strong and consistent earnings growth. Consumer Staples-Market Weight-There are concerns that the broad market may be unable to expand increase P /E multiples in the face of rising interest rates and a slowdown in earnings growth uncertainty, so this sector has enjoyed a substantial amount of defensive-minded capital inflows. Although rising energy prices may act to slow consumer spending in general, consumer staples, by definition, will continue to be in demand. We are neutral jn this sector. Consumer Discretionary-Market Weight-The continuing accommodative stance of interest rates and the improving job market are certainly countered by the "taxation" effect caused by rising oil prices. However, recent statistics show that discretionary spending has not waned as expected. We are neutral in this sector. Energy-Market Weight-A great deal of uncertainty is associated with energy commodities and companies, but a constrained oil supply paired with increasing oil demand will mean higher prices for oil and other energy-related commodities. However, the risk of an appreciating dollar will have adverse effects on oil prices, so a neutral position may be prudent. Financials-Underweight-We are reluctant in this sector due to concerns about the earnings impact of a flattening yield curve, a likely slowdown in the housing market, the sector's history of doing poorly after an initial rate hike, the FOMC's intention of returning the fed funds rate to a more neutral level, and the "taxation" effect of rising oil prices on economic activity. We feel that these catalysts are reasons to be underweight in this sector. Healthcare-Market Weight-The demand for healthcare will continue to increase for the next decade, as Baby Boomers age and longevity increases. Certain sub-sectors, such as pharmaceuticals, have seen tremendous losses due to the binary nature of business events.