Ihtiyor Bobojonov - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
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Papers by Ihtiyor Bobojonov
Ecological Economics, 2016
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 17565529 2013 844676, Apr 29, 2014
ABSTRACT Improving the adaptive capacity of rural producers to climate and weather risks may beco... more ABSTRACT Improving the adaptive capacity of rural producers to climate and weather risks may become an urgent issue in the early stages of political stabilization in Syria. Therefore, this study analyses the agro-ecological, economic and social benefits of – and the institutional challenges to – establishing index-based insurance markets to catalyse rural development in Syria. The paper examines the potential of three index insurance schemes for minimizing risk: (1) a statistical index, (2) an index based on agro-meteorological approach and (3) a remote sensing-based index. It also discusses how index-based insurance markets contribute to rural development in scenarios of increasing climate risks. The study identifies that all three insurance schemes have a very high potential to cope with increasing climate risk. Insurance schemes designed according to these indexes performed very well in terms of covering revenue losses in most of the extreme drought years observed in the country. Farmers purchasing an insurance contract may have better access to credit and find it easier to invest in agricultural production and improve productivity. Because such alternative index-based insurance programmes are low cost, they are more affordable for poor farmers and thus can potentially make an excellent contribution to economic growth in rural areas.
Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 2016
Cotton, Water, Salts and Soums, 2011
The combination of hydrological research findings from field to regional level in the irrigated c... more The combination of hydrological research findings from field to regional level in the irrigated croplands of Khorezm, Uzbekistan, revealed that water availability at farm and field level fails to meet agricultural requirements in parts of the region, although water withdrawal ...
Climate and Development, 2013
ABSTRACT Improving the adaptive capacity of rural producers to climate and weather risks may beco... more ABSTRACT Improving the adaptive capacity of rural producers to climate and weather risks may become an urgent issue in the early stages of political stabilization in Syria. Therefore, this study analyses the agro-ecological, economic and social benefits of – and the institutional challenges to – establishing index-based insurance markets to catalyse rural development in Syria. The paper examines the potential of three index insurance schemes for minimizing risk: (1) a statistical index, (2) an index based on agro-meteorological approach and (3) a remote sensing-based index. It also discusses how index-based insurance markets contribute to rural development in scenarios of increasing climate risks. The study identifies that all three insurance schemes have a very high potential to cope with increasing climate risk. Insurance schemes designed according to these indexes performed very well in terms of covering revenue losses in most of the extreme drought years observed in the country. Farmers purchasing an insurance contract may have better access to credit and find it easier to invest in agricultural production and improve productivity. Because such alternative index-based insurance programmes are low cost, they are more affordable for poor farmers and thus can potentially make an excellent contribution to economic growth in rural areas.
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2014
Ученые Лейбниц Института Аграрного Развития провели исследование спроса на страхование посевов в ... more Ученые Лейбниц Института Аграрного Развития провели исследование спроса на страхование посевов в России и выявили основные факторы влияния. Были использованы ежегодные данные хозяйств, участвующих в агростраховании и сельскохозяйственном производстве по 60 регионам России за период 2008-2011 гг. Результаты исследования показывают, что субсидиарная политика по возмещению 50% уплаченной страховой премии не оказала позитивного влияния на спрос на страхование посевов. Это можно объяснить отрицательной ценовой эластичностью спроса на страхование, а также сложным и длительным механизмом компенсации. Кроме того, расходы страховых компаний выше средних международных, они поглощают основную часть правительственных субсидий, почти не передавая их производителям. Таким образом, программа страхования в России не функционирует как механизм передачи субсидий сельскохозяйственным производителям, как это наблюдается во многих странах мира, использующих субсидированные схемы страхования.
Weizen stellt weltweit nach wie vor eine der wichtigsten Grundlagen der menschlichen Ernährung da... more Weizen stellt weltweit nach wie vor eine der wichtigsten Grundlagen der menschlichen Ernährung dar. Dies gilt besonders für Zentralasien, dort wird pro Kopf doppelt so viel Weizen wie in Deutschland verbraucht. Im Durchschnitt lag der Selbstversorgungsgrad der globalen Weizenproduktion zwischen 1990/01 und 2013/14 bei knapp über 100%. In den zentralasiatischen Staaten, mit Ausnahme Kasachstans, erreicht die Versorgung allerdings nach wie vor nicht das Niveau der Weltversorgung, obwohl die Versorgungslage in Turkmenistan und Usbekistan deutlich besser geworden ist. So stieg der Versorgungsgrad von 20,3% (1990/91) auf 94,1% (2013/14) in Turkmenistan und von 14,3% auf 82,9% im gleichen Zeitraum in Usbekistan. Im Gegensatz dazu stieg der Versorgungsgrad in Kirgistan zwar Ende der 1990er Jahre auf knapp über 100%, sinkt seitdem aber stetig und machte im letzten Handelsjahr 2013/14 nur rund 60% aus.
In this paper we aim to investigate the demand for crop insurance in Russia, identifying primary ... more In this paper we aim to investigate the demand for crop insurance in Russia, identifying primary influencing factors. We use a cross-sectional yearly data set on participation in crop insurance and agricultural production for about 60 regions (oblasts) of Russia for the years 2008-2011. We follow Goodwin's (1993) approach to estimate the crop insurance demand model with the proportion of planted acres insured as the dependent variables. Our results suggest that the previous subsidy policy to reimburse 50 percent of the insurance premiums has reduced the demand for crop insurance. This may be explained by the negative price elasticity of insurance demand as well as with the cumbersome reimbursement mechanism. Furthermore, operation costs of insurance companies lie above international averages and absorb nearly all governmental subsidies without transferring it to the producers. Therefore, the insurance program in Russia does not function as a subsidy transfer mechanism for farmers. The improvement of the efficiency of the insurance industry in Russia is required in order to increase the attractiveness of the program.
ABSTRACT The state-induced farm consolidation in 2008 for boosting agricultural production in Uzb... more ABSTRACT The state-induced farm consolidation in 2008 for boosting agricultural production in Uzbekistan was examined with a focus on the presently experienced opportunities for rural development. Farm consolidation as a stand-alone measure under the current constraints, e. g., infrastructure and policy regulations, is an insufficient incentive for increasing farm efficiency. In fact, the process can be referred to as “farmconsolidation” rather than as a comprehensive land consolidation process as observed elsewhere. It is argued that the consolidation process is likely to improve and advance rural development only when a number of supplementing policies are introduced to relax existing production constraints, such as reducing the extent of the state procurement system, ensuring land ownership, and increasing access to auxiliary farm services.
Ecological Economics, 2016
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 17565529 2013 844676, Apr 29, 2014
ABSTRACT Improving the adaptive capacity of rural producers to climate and weather risks may beco... more ABSTRACT Improving the adaptive capacity of rural producers to climate and weather risks may become an urgent issue in the early stages of political stabilization in Syria. Therefore, this study analyses the agro-ecological, economic and social benefits of – and the institutional challenges to – establishing index-based insurance markets to catalyse rural development in Syria. The paper examines the potential of three index insurance schemes for minimizing risk: (1) a statistical index, (2) an index based on agro-meteorological approach and (3) a remote sensing-based index. It also discusses how index-based insurance markets contribute to rural development in scenarios of increasing climate risks. The study identifies that all three insurance schemes have a very high potential to cope with increasing climate risk. Insurance schemes designed according to these indexes performed very well in terms of covering revenue losses in most of the extreme drought years observed in the country. Farmers purchasing an insurance contract may have better access to credit and find it easier to invest in agricultural production and improve productivity. Because such alternative index-based insurance programmes are low cost, they are more affordable for poor farmers and thus can potentially make an excellent contribution to economic growth in rural areas.
Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 2016
Cotton, Water, Salts and Soums, 2011
The combination of hydrological research findings from field to regional level in the irrigated c... more The combination of hydrological research findings from field to regional level in the irrigated croplands of Khorezm, Uzbekistan, revealed that water availability at farm and field level fails to meet agricultural requirements in parts of the region, although water withdrawal ...
Climate and Development, 2013
ABSTRACT Improving the adaptive capacity of rural producers to climate and weather risks may beco... more ABSTRACT Improving the adaptive capacity of rural producers to climate and weather risks may become an urgent issue in the early stages of political stabilization in Syria. Therefore, this study analyses the agro-ecological, economic and social benefits of – and the institutional challenges to – establishing index-based insurance markets to catalyse rural development in Syria. The paper examines the potential of three index insurance schemes for minimizing risk: (1) a statistical index, (2) an index based on agro-meteorological approach and (3) a remote sensing-based index. It also discusses how index-based insurance markets contribute to rural development in scenarios of increasing climate risks. The study identifies that all three insurance schemes have a very high potential to cope with increasing climate risk. Insurance schemes designed according to these indexes performed very well in terms of covering revenue losses in most of the extreme drought years observed in the country. Farmers purchasing an insurance contract may have better access to credit and find it easier to invest in agricultural production and improve productivity. Because such alternative index-based insurance programmes are low cost, they are more affordable for poor farmers and thus can potentially make an excellent contribution to economic growth in rural areas.
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2014
Ученые Лейбниц Института Аграрного Развития провели исследование спроса на страхование посевов в ... more Ученые Лейбниц Института Аграрного Развития провели исследование спроса на страхование посевов в России и выявили основные факторы влияния. Были использованы ежегодные данные хозяйств, участвующих в агростраховании и сельскохозяйственном производстве по 60 регионам России за период 2008-2011 гг. Результаты исследования показывают, что субсидиарная политика по возмещению 50% уплаченной страховой премии не оказала позитивного влияния на спрос на страхование посевов. Это можно объяснить отрицательной ценовой эластичностью спроса на страхование, а также сложным и длительным механизмом компенсации. Кроме того, расходы страховых компаний выше средних международных, они поглощают основную часть правительственных субсидий, почти не передавая их производителям. Таким образом, программа страхования в России не функционирует как механизм передачи субсидий сельскохозяйственным производителям, как это наблюдается во многих странах мира, использующих субсидированные схемы страхования.
Weizen stellt weltweit nach wie vor eine der wichtigsten Grundlagen der menschlichen Ernährung da... more Weizen stellt weltweit nach wie vor eine der wichtigsten Grundlagen der menschlichen Ernährung dar. Dies gilt besonders für Zentralasien, dort wird pro Kopf doppelt so viel Weizen wie in Deutschland verbraucht. Im Durchschnitt lag der Selbstversorgungsgrad der globalen Weizenproduktion zwischen 1990/01 und 2013/14 bei knapp über 100%. In den zentralasiatischen Staaten, mit Ausnahme Kasachstans, erreicht die Versorgung allerdings nach wie vor nicht das Niveau der Weltversorgung, obwohl die Versorgungslage in Turkmenistan und Usbekistan deutlich besser geworden ist. So stieg der Versorgungsgrad von 20,3% (1990/91) auf 94,1% (2013/14) in Turkmenistan und von 14,3% auf 82,9% im gleichen Zeitraum in Usbekistan. Im Gegensatz dazu stieg der Versorgungsgrad in Kirgistan zwar Ende der 1990er Jahre auf knapp über 100%, sinkt seitdem aber stetig und machte im letzten Handelsjahr 2013/14 nur rund 60% aus.
In this paper we aim to investigate the demand for crop insurance in Russia, identifying primary ... more In this paper we aim to investigate the demand for crop insurance in Russia, identifying primary influencing factors. We use a cross-sectional yearly data set on participation in crop insurance and agricultural production for about 60 regions (oblasts) of Russia for the years 2008-2011. We follow Goodwin's (1993) approach to estimate the crop insurance demand model with the proportion of planted acres insured as the dependent variables. Our results suggest that the previous subsidy policy to reimburse 50 percent of the insurance premiums has reduced the demand for crop insurance. This may be explained by the negative price elasticity of insurance demand as well as with the cumbersome reimbursement mechanism. Furthermore, operation costs of insurance companies lie above international averages and absorb nearly all governmental subsidies without transferring it to the producers. Therefore, the insurance program in Russia does not function as a subsidy transfer mechanism for farmers. The improvement of the efficiency of the insurance industry in Russia is required in order to increase the attractiveness of the program.
ABSTRACT The state-induced farm consolidation in 2008 for boosting agricultural production in Uzb... more ABSTRACT The state-induced farm consolidation in 2008 for boosting agricultural production in Uzbekistan was examined with a focus on the presently experienced opportunities for rural development. Farm consolidation as a stand-alone measure under the current constraints, e. g., infrastructure and policy regulations, is an insufficient incentive for increasing farm efficiency. In fact, the process can be referred to as “farmconsolidation” rather than as a comprehensive land consolidation process as observed elsewhere. It is argued that the consolidation process is likely to improve and advance rural development only when a number of supplementing policies are introduced to relax existing production constraints, such as reducing the extent of the state procurement system, ensuring land ownership, and increasing access to auxiliary farm services.