JAHMS Journal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by JAHMS Journal

Health workers in providing services have the potential risk of needle stick injuries or other sh... more Health workers in providing services have the potential risk of needle stick injuries or other sharp objects, these can carry blood pathogens such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), HIV and twenty more other pathogens, which have an impact on infection where the chance of contracting Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV infection. According to the World Health Organization, globally, about 3 million of the 35 million health care workers receive exposure to blood-borne pathogens each year. A total of 2,000,000 health workers of whom infected the Hepatitis B virus, 900,000 infected the Hepatitis C virus (HCV), and another 170,000 were infected with the Human Immunode iciency Virus (HIV). Several studies have shown that recapping and years of service are associated with the incidence of needle sticks in health facilities. To examine studies that explain the relationship between recapping actions and years of service for health workers with the incidence of needle sticks injury in health facilities. This study used an observational study with a cross sectional design. Sources of data obtained from secondary data through Online. Data collection procedures using databases include Pubmed, Google Scholar and Garuda Portal with a range of 2016-2020. Analyzed using the Revman 5.3 application. Results Of the 33 studies obtained according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 14 studies were obtained which could be continued to the analysis stage using the Revman 5.3 Application. The recapping action variable uses 10 studies and years of service using 9 studies. The results of data analysis showed that there was a relationship between recapping and the incidence of needle sticks with a p-value = 0.00001 and a Pooled odds ratio value of 2.71 (95% CI 2.32, 3.16) and the data results showed a relationship between years of service and the incidence of needle stick injury with p = 0.008 and pooled odds ratio 1.82 (95% CI 1.17, 2.85). There is a relationship between recapping actions and years of service for health personnel with the incidence of needle sticks injury in health facilities.

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is sexually transmitted virus and passed on through genital contact o... more Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is sexually transmitted virus and passed on through genital contact or sexual activity. It is the main cause of cervical cancer. WHO estimated 570.000 new cases of cervical cancer in 2018 and approximately 90% mortality occurred in low-and middle-income countries. The aim of this research is to ind out young women's intention to get HPV vaccination, the primary prevention of cervical cancer. Non-random sampling is used as sampling method and total 108 respondents from Indonesia participated in this research. The results show the intention to get HPV vaccine is low, amount of 39.8% (n = 43). Approximately 40.7% (n = 44) respondents have high knowledge, but there is not correlation between knowledge level and intention to do HPV vaccination. In Health Belief Model (HBM) construct, 100% (n = 108) respondents have high perception in perceive severity and 96.3% (n = 104) respondents have high perception in perceive bene it. Meanwhile, 61.1% (n = 66) of respondents show low perception of perceived barrier, that means mostly respondents have barriers to get HPV vaccine. Therefore, effort to spread information about cervical cancer and HPV vaccine is needed to increase intention of young women to do HPV vaccination.

Health behaviour is the totality of the types of behaviour connected to health which, as an eleme... more Health behaviour is the totality of the types of behaviour connected to health which, as an element of healthy lifestyle, are manifested in behaviour created resulting from health needs and health motives. Staying in good health is in luenced by a lot of factors. Regular physical exercise, clean environment, reduction of overwork and, last but not least, balanced diet has a prominent role. In the last twenty years the authors have conducted a lot of representative surveys with the aim to examine the health behaviour, nutrition habits and sustainable lifestyle of the Hungarian population. According to research results, the consumers' interpretation of health goes beyond the classical organic-medical view that is the several-dimension interpretation of health is becoming widespread. People are more or less aware of what they should do in order to stay healthy, but they do not act accordingly. It is indicated by that in most of the cases there is a signi icant difference between the importance of health protective activities and their frequency. Some 48% of the respondents do not plan to change their present eating habits, which means that a signi icant ratio of the population has introverted and extremely passive behaviour. Personalised nutrition, as a new technology and nutritional basic principle may create a good possibility to improve people's objective state of health, to help change their way of life, and inally, to preserve lifelong health. But Hungarian consumers distrust and are uncertain about new technology despite its obvious bene its. To sum up, people must be supported to be able to switch to a healthier lifestyle considering external conditions and needs.

Indonesia was a country implementing welfare state concept and it meant that State's intervention... more Indonesia was a country implementing welfare state concept and it meant that State's intervention to the citizens' life, from birth to death, was to be a consequence. The enactment of Minister of Health's Regulation (Permenkes) Number 37 of 2014 on Determination of Death & Utilization of Donor Organs was an example of such intervention. In Human Rights perpective, Indonesia was one of the countries having Pro-Life standing point, therefore, euthanasia practice was prohibited because it prioritized the right to life. In line with technological development in the ield of medicine, the understanding of human rights and changes within the legislation itself, euthanasia was passively regulated in the legislation. One of the provisions said that "for a patient who was in an incurable condition due to his or her illness (terminal state) and medical measures were futile, withdrawing or delay in life support therapy could be taken". However, the term "termination of life" was subject to strict requirements and restrictions. The right of self-determination was one of the requirements that should be ful illed in the withdrawing life supports therapy procedure.

This present study aims to assess the Placenta Neutrophil Count (PNC) as an early marker in the d... more This present study aims to assess the Placenta Neutrophil Count (PNC) as an early marker in the diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis (NS). This study was conducted in February-May 2017. Cord blood samples and placental tissues were taken from 15 each of newborns at risk of sepsis (case group) and without risk of sepsis (control group). The PNC was estimated using conventional light microscope. We also measured some oxidative stress parameters from the cord blood samples, i.e., Hydrogen Peroxide (H 2 O 2), thiocyanate (SCN), myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme and Advance Oxidation Protein Products (AOPPs) to investigate the role of neutrophil in placenta. The results show that the PNC, the level of AOPPs and SCN, and MPO activity of cord blood were higher in the case group than the control group, while for the H 2 O 2 level show the opposite result.From this results, it can be assumed thatneutrophil have a role in NS and might be use as a potential marker for early prediction of NS. These indings need to be veri ied by further investigation of fresh samples, in a larger, prospective cohort, and with sophisticated analysis evidenced by deep sequencing. The placental pathologic and histologic examination has been used as a diagnostic tool for neonatologist in many neonatal diseases, except NS. This result suggested that PNC might can be used as an early predictor for NS.

Injecting drugs users are the challenging segments of the population to control sexually transmit... more Injecting drugs users are the challenging segments of the population to control sexually transmitted infections. This is the irst survey conducted among female injecting drug users in Pokhara Valley. To determine the prevalence of Human Immune Virus (HIV), Syphilis, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C infection among female injecting drug users. Objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of HIV, Syphilis, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C and also identi ied the sexual behavior and associated risk of HIV/AIDs infection among FIDUs in Pokhara Valley. This was a cross sectional survey conducted among 155 female injecting drug users. The females of 16 years and above who had been injecting drugs for at least three months preceding the survey were de ined as female injecting drug users and enrolled in the survey. The survey carried out during March-April 2017. The network sampling method was applied to recruit the participants. A structured questionnaires was used to collect behavioral data related to background information, sexual and injecting behaviors among the respondents. Blood samples were collected to test HIV, Syphilis, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C. The rapid test kits recommended by National Centre for AIDS and STD Control were used to test aforementioned diseases. The ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Ethical Review Board of Nepal Health Research Council. The prevalence of HIV among FIDUs was 1.9 percent (95% CI = 0.5, 5.9), syphilis was 3.9 percent (95% CI = 1.5, 8.6), Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C were 2.6 percent (95% CI = 0.8, 6.9) and 1.3 percent (95% CI = 0.2, 5.1) respectively. About two out of three female injecting drug users were identi ied with HIV during the survey and remaining were previously diagnosed. The newly positives were linked with the National program for treatment, care and support. Among them 3 respondents have HIV; one was identi ied before the survey and 2 were newly recognized HIV. This survey provides an insight into the estimated prevalence of HIV, Syphilis, HBV and HCV infection among FIDUs and explores their injecting and risky sexual behaviors. The large proportion of FIDUs are at risk of HIV as they have used needles that were already used, shared syringe with the usual sexual partner and shared needle during the last injection. Harm reduction programs including risk of needle sharing behavior and advocacy on practicing safer injecting behaviors should be launched.

One of the vital principle for preventing Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in the hospital i... more One of the vital principle for preventing Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in the hospital is equipping healthcare worker by adequate knowledge regarding VAP prevention measures. Integration of electronic education into nursing education lowing growing awareness all-over the world help Intense Care Unit (ICU) nurses to incorporate evidence based practice into daily care for critically ill patient. Study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of electronic learning module in implementation of ventilatorassociated-pneumonia prevention measures among intensive care unit nurses. Quasi experimental design was used. The current study was conducted in intensive care unit of Al Noor Specialist Hospital in Makkah. Convenience sample of 109 ICU nurses was recruited. This study was conducted by using two tools; knowledge assessment tool and VAP bundle checklist. It was founded that nurses' knowledge before they were exposed to educational module was graded as average 72.66% while scores were improved after the exposure to learning module to be high 96.2% meaning that their knowledge has been noticeably improved. However, differences in ICU nurses knowledge in pre and post test was highly signi icant (p < 0.005). ICU nurses poor performance was apparent before exposure to module (61.73%), while ICU nurses performance showed tremendous improvement (>99%) in the last observation. The difference between preand post test observation was highly signi icant (p > 0.005). The study revealed that e-learning module in educating ICU nurses about VAP prevention were considerably effective. This was highlighted by high mean scores for VAP knowledge and practice after exposure to module. Recommendation: Integrate orientation program for VAP prevention measures to new staff and continues professional development program for senior staff.

The occurrence of increasing hospital-acquired infections and the reports of the occurrence of an... more The occurrence of increasing hospital-acquired infections and the reports of the occurrence of ants in the hospital had become a research focus owing to the exposure of patients and health professionals to the risk associated with insects. The study aimed to evaluate the potential of ants as mechanical vectors of pathogenic bacteria and assess the antibiotic resistance pro ile of gram negative bacilli isolated in selected level one hospitals in Davao City. The study utilized a descriptive design. The researcher collected the ant samples in female, male and pediatrics ward in the selected level one hospitals. Afterwards, the captured ant species were immersed in double strength TSB for bacterial cultivation. After distinct pure colonies of bacteria were isolated, they were subjected to tests for bacterial identi ication and antibacterial susceptibility tests using VITEK 2 Systems. The indings of the study suggest that Tapinoma melacephalum, Monomorium pharaonis and Anoplolepis grecilepis are mechanical vectors of opportunistic pathogen which commonly cause hospital acquired infections. Moreover, two (2) isolates of E. cloacae from T. melanocephalum and one (1) isolate of E. cloacae from M. pharaonis demonstrated multi-drug resistance. Further, the results also suggest possible poor implementation of sanitation and pest control protocols. The researcher recommends for further identi ication and pro iling of gram positive bacteria and to explore the different hospital areas including critical care units as sampling points.

Aphasia is a disorder involving the disruption of language ability owing to brain injury. Practic... more Aphasia is a disorder involving the disruption of language ability owing to brain injury. Practical communication support tools for adults with aphasia have been proposed, some of which are used in therapy and daily communication. The recent development of specialized applications and information technology, especially tablet computers and other portable devices, have the potential to improve communication between adults with aphasia, their caregivers, therapists, and others. The purpose of the present study was to identify the needs of adults with aphasia and caregiving family members in relation to communication aids. This paper analyzes the behavior of adults with aphasia in a community with the aim of clarifying the preliminary requirements of a computerized communication aid in Japanese for aphasics and their caregivers. The study data were obtained through (1) responses to questionnaires conducted on aphasics and their caregiving family members, and (2) a morphological investigation of aphasics in communitybased rehabilitation training. The principal results can be summarized as follows: (i) adults with aphasia and their caregiving family members have dif iculty communicating in various situations in their daily lives; among these, the most serious issue is the ability to share the conditions of the adult with aphasia; (ii) the noun utterances of the participants were diverse in terms of the frequency and content of uttered nouns; and (iii) the verbs frequently uttered by the adults with aphasia were limited in number. Based on these indings, the preliminary conceptual design of a computer-based communication support tool is discussed as follows: (a) in addition to language impediments, adults with aphasia are more or less paralyzed; however, portable tablet PCs incorporating communication support software represent a promising communication aid; and (b) since the tendencies of verb and noun utterances differed among the participants, at least two different types of communication software should be implemented on tablet PCs.

An Electronic Health Record (EHR) system is a computerised medical information system that collec... more An Electronic Health Record (EHR) system is a computerised medical information system that collects, displays, and stores a patient's information. It is an evidence base that addresses issues associated with patients' paper records. Implementing such a system will have a high positive impact on healthcare quality and healthcare services. For example, an EHR is an electronic record that sequentially stores any resident's health data from nearly the irst month of gestation until death, and can bring those records anytime and to any authorised physician. The objectives of this study are to investigate the present status of EHR implementations around the world, and to identify best practice solutions. Additionally, the study focuses on how to adopt best practices in Australia. The methodology of this paper involved an academic research consisting of 250 articles and over 100 websites. All of the information in this paper was obtained through a search strategy-using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Google-of the best practices applied in many countries, including the US, Canada, and several nations in Western Europe. With 30 references used that provided the recommendations to adopt the best practice solutions for Australian My Health Record system while implementation. This paper has further exposed the problems with EHR systems as implemented worldwide. The recommendations can be summarised as follows: improve the overall awareness of the stakeholders, conduct training sessions for stakeholders on My Health Record system, reward physicians for using the system, achieve ongoing technical and systems security integrity and compliance, implement a response plan in the event of a breach of the EHR system, and implement a simple graphical user interface to facilitate access to stakeholders. Further results as recommendations are provided in the results section. The research concluded that by adopting these best practice solutions, Australia will be able to achieve a stable healthcare system, which will ensure a higher level of healthcare quality to patients and healthcare alike. This paper will give stakeholders a clear vision to determine the original cause that hinders satisfying results while implementing My Health Record system in Australia.

The need of society toward end-of-life care is increasing, especially for the client being cared ... more The need of society toward end-of-life care is increasing, especially for the client being cared in the ICU setting, where nursing role is critical in this context. Some studies have indicated that nurses often feel distressed in caring for those clients. The nursing knowledge related to caring for the client in the end-of-life phase is, therefore, important for improving the nurse's insights. This study employed qualitative phenomenological approach, focused on exploring the experience of nurses in providing end-of-life care to the clients and their families in ICU setting. Seven participants have participated in this study. Data collection was undertaken through in-depth interview and analyzed using Colizzi approach. The results of the study have described this phenomenon on four themes: the life and death is God's secret; the dilemma between doing the best for the client and terminating life support; Supporting the clients and families; Re lecting on the experience. The results of this study have a potential to expand the nursing knowledge related to end-of-life care as well as have the potential of improving the quality of care services provided to the clients in end-of-life phase.

Hand eczema is a common dermatologic condition which has a poor response to conventional therapie... more Hand eczema is a common dermatologic condition which has a poor response to conventional therapies. Calcipotriol, topical vitamin D analogue has been approved in the treatment of psoriasis and was reported to achieve a bene icial effect in the treatment of many other in lammatory diseases. The aim of this study is to assess the ef icacy and safety of Calcipotriol ointment in the treatment of chronic hand eczema. Six patients were treated with calcipotriol twice daily for 2 weeks. The ef icacy was evaluated by HECSI and patient's self-assessment. Any adverse reaction was recorded during the experiment. The result revealed a statistical improvement of mean HECSI compared to the baseline after 2 weeks of treatment (p = 0.029). Only mild local side effect was observed. By subjects' evaluation, all the patients showed an improvement of clinical severity. The result can be implied that topical vitamin D analogue is safe and has the potential to be an alternative treatment for chronic hand eczema.