Jana Muchová - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Jana Muchová
Nutrition Research, Mar 1, 2017
Acute dark chocolate ingestion is beneficial for hemodynamics via enhancement of erythrocyte defo... more Acute dark chocolate ingestion is beneficial for hemodynamics via enhancement of erythrocyte deformability in healthy humans,
Scientific Reports, Mar 6, 2020
in an exploratory, block-randomised, parallel, double-blind, single-centre, placebo-controlled su... more in an exploratory, block-randomised, parallel, double-blind, single-centre, placebo-controlled superiority study (ISRCTN12562026, funded by Cultech Ltd), 220 Bulgarian participants (30 to 65 years old) with BMI 25-34.9 kg/m 2 received Lab4P probiotic (50 billion/day) or a matched placebo for 6 months. Participants maintained their normal diet and lifestyle. primary outcomes were changes in body weight, BMi, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), blood pressure and plasma lipids. Secondary outcomes were changes in plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), the diversity of the faecal microbiota, quality of life (QoL) assessments and the incidence of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). Significant between group decreases in body weight (1.3 kg, p < 0.0001), BMI (0.045 kg/m 2 , p < 0.0001), WC (0.94 cm, p < 0.0001) and WtHR (0.006, p < 0.0001) were in favour of the probiotic. Stratification identified greater body weight reductions in overweight subjects (1.88%, p < 0.0001) and in females (1.62%, p = 0.0005). Greatest weight losses were among probiotic hypercholesterolaemic participants (−2.5%, p < 0.0001) alongside a significant between group reduction in small dense LDL-cholesterol (0.2 mmol/L, p = 0.0241). Improvements in QoL and the incidence rate ratio of URTI (0.60, p < 0.0001) were recorded for the probiotic group. No adverse events were recorded. Six months supplementation with Lab4P probiotic resulted in significant weight reduction and improved small dense low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (sdLDL-C) profiles, QoL and URTI incidence outcomes in overweight/obese individuals. World Health Organisation (WHO) global estimates indicate that 39% of adults are overweight and 13% are obese and trends suggest that levels will continue to rise as a result of current dietary habits and sedentary lifestyles 1. The burden of obesity on primary healthcare providers is substantial and it is estimated that, in England alone in 2013, excess body weight in women cost £2.2 billion in consultations and £1.9 billion for prescription medications 2. One of the consequences of obesity is the increased incidence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS)-an umbrella term used for a cluster of interrelated metabolic conditions linked with obesity including hypercholesterolaemia,
Journal of Functional Foods, Jul 1, 2023
http://isrctn.com/, Mar 21, 2018
blood glucose was measured after treatment with recombinant human insulin (50 mIU/kg BW, i.v.). G... more blood glucose was measured after treatment with recombinant human insulin (50 mIU/kg BW, i.v.). Glucose was measured before sedation, 5 and 10 min post sedation, and 45 and 60 min post insulin. Treatment did not affect resting blood glucose. Percent decrease in blood glucose was reduced (P ¼ 0.05) by DET at 60 min post insulin but not by DET/BUT at either 45 or 60 min. In conclusion, although EPI binds both a and b type adrenoceptors, its suppression of IR2G was short-lived due to its rapid clearance from the blood. DET primarily affected the IR2G, which is likely an effect on the pancreatic b cells, indicating its use may not be advisable for assessments of insulin sensitivity.
Bratislavské lekárske listy, 2022
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of supportive therapy by natural polyphenols ... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of supportive therapy by natural polyphenols combined with vitamins C and E on kidney function and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in renal transplant recipients (RTR). BACKGROUND: Transplant patients have an altered lipid profi le associated with the development of cardiovascular disease, which is a major cause of graft loss and mortality in patients. METHODS: The study included 29 renal transplant recipients with mean graft function levels. The lipoprotein (atherogenic and non-atherogenic) subfractions were identifi ed and quantifi ed in plasma by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: After supplementation, glomerular fi ltration rate (GFR) was increased by 8 %, serum creatinine was decreased by 6.7 % and signifi cant changes were found in atherogenic LDL subfractions. The effect of supplementation was observed in arylesterase and lactonase activities of paraoxonase 1 which increased by 9.3 % and 8.1 %, respectively. In addition, signifi cantly decreased levels of neopterin (by 16 %) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) (by 7.9 %) were found. CONCLUSION: We could summarize that supportive therapy improves the renal function (GFR, serum creatinine), and reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease by affecting important risk markers of atherosclerosis (lipid profi le, paraoxonase 1 activity, neopterin and ADMA) in RTR (Tab. 4, Fig. 1, Ref. 53).
Journal of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health, Apr 8, 2016
End-stage kidney diseases (ESKD) represent terminal stage of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and th... more End-stage kidney diseases (ESKD) represent terminal stage of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and they have common elements that can be interlinked through the pathways regulated by oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Therefore the aim of our study was to determine the markers of oxidative damage to DNA, proteins and lipids, also the levels of antioxidant defence (SOD, CAT, and GPx) and special markers (neopterin, paraoxonase activity, ADMA) which are associated with cardiovascular diseases in patients in ESKD undergoing haemodialysis approximately for 3.5 years (2–6.5 years). The study involved 27 outpatients (9 female and 18 male) with CKD (average age 62.9±1.76 years) based on primary diagnoses divided into four groups: chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (ChTIN), glomerulonephritis (ChGN), polycystic kidneys (PK) and diabetic nephropathy (DN). Our results confirmed elevated levels of markers of inflammation and oxidative damage in all groups compared to healthy volunteers. The parameters also confirmed the different participation of oxidative stress in pathophysiology of ESKD.
Journal of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health, Apr 8, 2016
It was demonstrated that oxidative stress plays important role in patients with end-stage renal d... more It was demonstrated that oxidative stress plays important role in patients with end-stage renal disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of transplantation on oxidative stress level in patients compared to the patients on dialysis. 49 patients who underwent a renal transplantation and 63 patients on dialysis (with CKD) were included in study. Kidney transplant patients had good graft function (MDRD = 1.078 ml/s per 1.73m2, serum creatinine levels 99.18 micromol/l). Plasma levels of markers of oxidative damage to biomolecules were determined – advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), nitrotyrosines, lipoperoxides (LP), 8-isoprostanes (8-Iso) and 8-oxo-guanosine (8-oxoG). In addition activities of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, GPx, CAT) and plasma total antioxidant status (TEAC) were measured. We observed in transplanted patients compared to dialyzed ones significant improvement in oxidative modifications of lipids, proteins and DNA, represented by decreased LP level by 33.45%, 8-Iso by 55.87%, AOPP by 29.24% and 8-oxoG by 65.58%. Although TEAC was not changed, SOD and GPx activities were significantly increased by 5.95% and 14.82% resp. Following our results we can conclude that transplantation has improving effect on oxidative damage to biomolecules and antioxidant systems of organism in kidney diseases.
Antioxidants, 2021
Oxidative stress (OS) is thought to play a role in mental disorders. However, it is not clear whe... more Oxidative stress (OS) is thought to play a role in mental disorders. However, it is not clear whether the OS is the cause or consequence of the disorder. We investigated markers of oxidative stress (8-isoprostane (8-IsoP-U), lipoperoxides (LP), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and nitrotyrosine (NT)) and antioxidant protection (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) in 60 paediatric and adolescent patients with depressive disorder (DD) compared to healthy controls. The patients were divided into two groups (1:1). One group received an emulsion of omega-3 fatty acid (FA), and the other group an emulsion of sunflower oil with omega-6 FA for 12 weeks. The levels of 8-IsoP-U, AOPP and NT were increased, and GPx activity was decreased in patients compared to the controls. We found a significant positive correlation of the Children’s Depression Inventory score with NT and a negative...
Physiological Research, 2014
Oxidative stress is a phenomenon associated with imbalance between production of free radicals an... more Oxidative stress is a phenomenon associated with imbalance between production of free radicals and reactive metabolites (e.g. superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) and the antioxidant defences. Oxidative stress in individuals with Down syndrome (DS) has been associated with trisomy of the 21st chromosome resulting in DS phenotype as well as with various morphological abnormalities, immune disorders, intellectual disability, premature aging and other biochemical abnormalities. Trisomy 21 in patients with DS results in increased activity of an important antioxidant enzyme Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) which gene is located on the 21st chromosome along with other proteins such as transcription factor Ets-2, stress inducing factors (DSCR1) and precursor of beta-amyloid protein responsible for the formation of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer disease. Mentioned proteins are involved in the management of mitochondrial function, thereby promoting mitochondrial theory of aging also in people wit...
Physiological Research, 2016
The physiological function of butyrylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8, BChE) is not clearly understood,... more The physiological function of butyrylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8, BChE) is not clearly understood, but a role was suggested in the fat utilization process, resulting in positive correlation between plasma triglyceride (TG) levels and BChE activity. Consequently we tested the hypothesis that regular intake of betaine, a natural compound intervening in the liver TG metabolism could influence the BChE activity. The BChE activity was estimated spectrophotometrically in plasma of rats fed with betaine enriched standard (B) or high-fat diet (HFB). The results confirmed decreased TG plasma levels after betaine treatment independently on the type of diet (0.15±0.03 (B) vs. 0.27±0.08 (control) mmol/l; p=0.003 and 0.13±0.03 (HFB) vs. 0.27±0.08 (control) mmol/l; p=0.005). The BChE activity increased significantly with betaine administration, however the change was more distinct in the HFB group (0.84±0.34 (HFB) vs. 0.22±0.04 (control) O.D./min/mg; p<0.001 and 0.41±0.11 (B) vs. 0.22±0.04 (con...
Physiological Research, 2017
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depressive disorders (DD) are two of the most prevalent health p... more Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depressive disorders (DD) are two of the most prevalent health problems in the world. Although CVD and depression have different origin, they share some common pathophysiological characteristics and risk factors, such as the increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, endothelial dysfunction, blood flow abnormalities, decreased glucose metabolism, elevated plasma homocysteine levels, oxidative stress and disorder in vitamin D metabolism. Current findings confirm the common underlying factors for both pathologies, which are related to dramatic dietary changes in the mid-19th century. By changing dietary ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids from 1:1 to 15-20:1 some changes in metabolism were induced, such as increased pro-inflammatory mediators and modulations of different signaling pathways following pathophysiological response related to both, cardiovascular diseases and depressive disorders.
Bratislava Medical Journal, 2019
OBJECTIVES: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is characterised as the inability to achieve or maintain an... more OBJECTIVES: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is characterised as the inability to achieve or maintain an erection to complete sexual intercourse. ED may be considered as an early complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of this study was to assess the effect of registered food supplement, natural polyphenolic extract from the French maritime pine bark, Pycnogenol (PYC) on erectile function and lipid profi le in ED patients. METHODS: 53 patients with ED were divided into two groups (32 with DM, 21 non-DM) in randomised, blinded and placebo-controlled study. During 3-month intervention with PYC or placebo and one month after the end of the intervention patients were investigated for ED with validated questionnaire International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5); lipid profi le, glycaemia was analysed in each group. RESULTS: In a randomised, blinded and placebo-controlled study, we found that natural polyphenolic extract, Pycnogenol improved erectile function in DM group by 45 % compared to the NDM group, where the improvement was also signifi cant, but only by 22 %. Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and glucose level was lowered by PYC in patients with DM. Glucose level was not affected by PYC in non-DM. Placebo showed no effect on monitored parameters in both groups. CONCLUSION: Administration of Pycnogenol leads in improvement of erectile function in patients with ED and diabetes (DM group) by 45 %, in NDM group by 22 %, in lowering of total-, LDL-cholesterol by 20 % and 21 % and glycaemia by 22 % in DM (Tab. 2, Fig. 2, Ref. 19).
Bratislava Medical Journal, 2019
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between thromboxane levels and oxidativ... more The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between thromboxane levels and oxidative stress in children with Crohn´s disease (CD), and examine the effect of natural polyphenolic compounds on thromboxane levels. METHODS: This study involved 14 children suffering from CD and 15 healthy controls. Patients were receiving the polyphenolic extract Pycnogenol for 10 weeks. Plasma levels of the static and dynamic forms of thromboxane B2 as well as their metabolite 11-dehydro thromboxane B2 in urine were determined. RESULTS: In comparison to controls, CD patients had signifi cantly higher levels of the static and dynamic forms of thromboxane B2. Pycnogenol decreased the level of the dynamic form of thromboxane B2 after 10 weeks of administration. CONCLUSIONS: Paediatric Crohn's disease is associated with higher thromboxane levels. Our results indicate that Pycnogenol administration reduces thromboxane levels, which may positively infl uence some clinical symptoms of CD such as thromboembolic episodes (Tab.
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2017
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2016
This study investigated the effects of subchronic (−)-epicatechin (Epi) treatment on locomotor ac... more This study investigated the effects of subchronic (−)-epicatechin (Epi) treatment on locomotor activity and hypertension development in young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Epi was administered in drinking water (100 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks. Epi significantly prevented the development of hypertension (138±2versus169±5 mmHg,p<0.001) and reduced total distance traveled in the open-field test (22±2versus35±4 m,p<0.01). In blood, Epi significantly enhanced erythrocyte deformability, increased total antioxidant capacity, and decreased nitrotyrosine concentration. In the aorta, Epi significantly increased nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) activity and elevated the NO-dependent vasorelaxation. In the left heart ventricle, Epi increased NOS activity without altering gene expressions of nNOS, iNOS, and eNOS. Moreover, Epi reduced superoxide production in the left heart ventricle and the aorta. In the brain, Epi increased nNOS gene expression (in the brainstem and cerebellum) and ...
Laser Physics, 2016
Changes in autofluorescence properties of isolated rat aorta, induced by diabetes mellitus, were ... more Changes in autofluorescence properties of isolated rat aorta, induced by diabetes mellitus, were detected using time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy with pulsed ultraviolet (UV) laser excitation. We demonstrated that time-resolved spectroscopy was able to detect changes in aorta tissues related to diabetes and unambiguously discriminate diabetic (τ 1 0.63 ± 0.05 ns, τ 2 3.66 ± 0.10 ns) samples from the control (τ 1 0.76 ± 0.03 ns, τ 2 4.48 ± 0.15 ns) group. We also report changes in the ratio of relative amplitudes of the two lifetime component in aorta tissue during diabetes, most likely related to the pseudohypoxic state with altered NADH homeostasis.
Prague medical report, 2010
Hypercholesterolemia (HCH) is characterized by an increase of the total- and LDL-cholesterol in s... more Hypercholesterolemia (HCH) is characterized by an increase of the total- and LDL-cholesterol in serum. In hypercholesterolemia, generally recognized as a risk factor of atherogenesis, oxidative stress and oxidatively modified LDL play a crucial role. In our study, children with elevated total cholesterol (above 4.5 mmol/l) were included. Parameters of lipid profile, lipophilic vitamins and antioxidants (retinol, α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, xantophyll, lycophen and β-carotene) and markers of oxidative damage to lipids (lipoperoxides and 8-isoprostanes) were evaluated. We found that children with hypercholesterolemia have significantly increased parameters of lipid profile and these are gender dependent only in HDL-cholesterol (1.27 ± 0.10 mmol/l in boys vs. 1.53 ± 0.07 mmol/l in girls; p<0.05) and TAG (1.63 ± 0.31 mmol/l in boys vs. 1.08 ± 0.09 mmol/l in girls; p<0.05). In addition, children with HCH have decreased total antioxidant capacity of serum (TEAC) (about 19.64%, p<...
Nutrition Research, Mar 1, 2017
Acute dark chocolate ingestion is beneficial for hemodynamics via enhancement of erythrocyte defo... more Acute dark chocolate ingestion is beneficial for hemodynamics via enhancement of erythrocyte deformability in healthy humans,
Scientific Reports, Mar 6, 2020
in an exploratory, block-randomised, parallel, double-blind, single-centre, placebo-controlled su... more in an exploratory, block-randomised, parallel, double-blind, single-centre, placebo-controlled superiority study (ISRCTN12562026, funded by Cultech Ltd), 220 Bulgarian participants (30 to 65 years old) with BMI 25-34.9 kg/m 2 received Lab4P probiotic (50 billion/day) or a matched placebo for 6 months. Participants maintained their normal diet and lifestyle. primary outcomes were changes in body weight, BMi, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), blood pressure and plasma lipids. Secondary outcomes were changes in plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), the diversity of the faecal microbiota, quality of life (QoL) assessments and the incidence of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). Significant between group decreases in body weight (1.3 kg, p < 0.0001), BMI (0.045 kg/m 2 , p < 0.0001), WC (0.94 cm, p < 0.0001) and WtHR (0.006, p < 0.0001) were in favour of the probiotic. Stratification identified greater body weight reductions in overweight subjects (1.88%, p < 0.0001) and in females (1.62%, p = 0.0005). Greatest weight losses were among probiotic hypercholesterolaemic participants (−2.5%, p < 0.0001) alongside a significant between group reduction in small dense LDL-cholesterol (0.2 mmol/L, p = 0.0241). Improvements in QoL and the incidence rate ratio of URTI (0.60, p < 0.0001) were recorded for the probiotic group. No adverse events were recorded. Six months supplementation with Lab4P probiotic resulted in significant weight reduction and improved small dense low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (sdLDL-C) profiles, QoL and URTI incidence outcomes in overweight/obese individuals. World Health Organisation (WHO) global estimates indicate that 39% of adults are overweight and 13% are obese and trends suggest that levels will continue to rise as a result of current dietary habits and sedentary lifestyles 1. The burden of obesity on primary healthcare providers is substantial and it is estimated that, in England alone in 2013, excess body weight in women cost £2.2 billion in consultations and £1.9 billion for prescription medications 2. One of the consequences of obesity is the increased incidence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS)-an umbrella term used for a cluster of interrelated metabolic conditions linked with obesity including hypercholesterolaemia,
Journal of Functional Foods, Jul 1, 2023
http://isrctn.com/, Mar 21, 2018
blood glucose was measured after treatment with recombinant human insulin (50 mIU/kg BW, i.v.). G... more blood glucose was measured after treatment with recombinant human insulin (50 mIU/kg BW, i.v.). Glucose was measured before sedation, 5 and 10 min post sedation, and 45 and 60 min post insulin. Treatment did not affect resting blood glucose. Percent decrease in blood glucose was reduced (P ¼ 0.05) by DET at 60 min post insulin but not by DET/BUT at either 45 or 60 min. In conclusion, although EPI binds both a and b type adrenoceptors, its suppression of IR2G was short-lived due to its rapid clearance from the blood. DET primarily affected the IR2G, which is likely an effect on the pancreatic b cells, indicating its use may not be advisable for assessments of insulin sensitivity.
Bratislavské lekárske listy, 2022
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of supportive therapy by natural polyphenols ... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of supportive therapy by natural polyphenols combined with vitamins C and E on kidney function and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in renal transplant recipients (RTR). BACKGROUND: Transplant patients have an altered lipid profi le associated with the development of cardiovascular disease, which is a major cause of graft loss and mortality in patients. METHODS: The study included 29 renal transplant recipients with mean graft function levels. The lipoprotein (atherogenic and non-atherogenic) subfractions were identifi ed and quantifi ed in plasma by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: After supplementation, glomerular fi ltration rate (GFR) was increased by 8 %, serum creatinine was decreased by 6.7 % and signifi cant changes were found in atherogenic LDL subfractions. The effect of supplementation was observed in arylesterase and lactonase activities of paraoxonase 1 which increased by 9.3 % and 8.1 %, respectively. In addition, signifi cantly decreased levels of neopterin (by 16 %) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) (by 7.9 %) were found. CONCLUSION: We could summarize that supportive therapy improves the renal function (GFR, serum creatinine), and reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease by affecting important risk markers of atherosclerosis (lipid profi le, paraoxonase 1 activity, neopterin and ADMA) in RTR (Tab. 4, Fig. 1, Ref. 53).
Journal of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health, Apr 8, 2016
End-stage kidney diseases (ESKD) represent terminal stage of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and th... more End-stage kidney diseases (ESKD) represent terminal stage of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and they have common elements that can be interlinked through the pathways regulated by oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Therefore the aim of our study was to determine the markers of oxidative damage to DNA, proteins and lipids, also the levels of antioxidant defence (SOD, CAT, and GPx) and special markers (neopterin, paraoxonase activity, ADMA) which are associated with cardiovascular diseases in patients in ESKD undergoing haemodialysis approximately for 3.5 years (2–6.5 years). The study involved 27 outpatients (9 female and 18 male) with CKD (average age 62.9±1.76 years) based on primary diagnoses divided into four groups: chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (ChTIN), glomerulonephritis (ChGN), polycystic kidneys (PK) and diabetic nephropathy (DN). Our results confirmed elevated levels of markers of inflammation and oxidative damage in all groups compared to healthy volunteers. The parameters also confirmed the different participation of oxidative stress in pathophysiology of ESKD.
Journal of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health, Apr 8, 2016
It was demonstrated that oxidative stress plays important role in patients with end-stage renal d... more It was demonstrated that oxidative stress plays important role in patients with end-stage renal disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of transplantation on oxidative stress level in patients compared to the patients on dialysis. 49 patients who underwent a renal transplantation and 63 patients on dialysis (with CKD) were included in study. Kidney transplant patients had good graft function (MDRD = 1.078 ml/s per 1.73m2, serum creatinine levels 99.18 micromol/l). Plasma levels of markers of oxidative damage to biomolecules were determined – advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), nitrotyrosines, lipoperoxides (LP), 8-isoprostanes (8-Iso) and 8-oxo-guanosine (8-oxoG). In addition activities of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, GPx, CAT) and plasma total antioxidant status (TEAC) were measured. We observed in transplanted patients compared to dialyzed ones significant improvement in oxidative modifications of lipids, proteins and DNA, represented by decreased LP level by 33.45%, 8-Iso by 55.87%, AOPP by 29.24% and 8-oxoG by 65.58%. Although TEAC was not changed, SOD and GPx activities were significantly increased by 5.95% and 14.82% resp. Following our results we can conclude that transplantation has improving effect on oxidative damage to biomolecules and antioxidant systems of organism in kidney diseases.
Antioxidants, 2021
Oxidative stress (OS) is thought to play a role in mental disorders. However, it is not clear whe... more Oxidative stress (OS) is thought to play a role in mental disorders. However, it is not clear whether the OS is the cause or consequence of the disorder. We investigated markers of oxidative stress (8-isoprostane (8-IsoP-U), lipoperoxides (LP), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and nitrotyrosine (NT)) and antioxidant protection (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) in 60 paediatric and adolescent patients with depressive disorder (DD) compared to healthy controls. The patients were divided into two groups (1:1). One group received an emulsion of omega-3 fatty acid (FA), and the other group an emulsion of sunflower oil with omega-6 FA for 12 weeks. The levels of 8-IsoP-U, AOPP and NT were increased, and GPx activity was decreased in patients compared to the controls. We found a significant positive correlation of the Children’s Depression Inventory score with NT and a negative...
Physiological Research, 2014
Oxidative stress is a phenomenon associated with imbalance between production of free radicals an... more Oxidative stress is a phenomenon associated with imbalance between production of free radicals and reactive metabolites (e.g. superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) and the antioxidant defences. Oxidative stress in individuals with Down syndrome (DS) has been associated with trisomy of the 21st chromosome resulting in DS phenotype as well as with various morphological abnormalities, immune disorders, intellectual disability, premature aging and other biochemical abnormalities. Trisomy 21 in patients with DS results in increased activity of an important antioxidant enzyme Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) which gene is located on the 21st chromosome along with other proteins such as transcription factor Ets-2, stress inducing factors (DSCR1) and precursor of beta-amyloid protein responsible for the formation of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer disease. Mentioned proteins are involved in the management of mitochondrial function, thereby promoting mitochondrial theory of aging also in people wit...
Physiological Research, 2016
The physiological function of butyrylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8, BChE) is not clearly understood,... more The physiological function of butyrylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8, BChE) is not clearly understood, but a role was suggested in the fat utilization process, resulting in positive correlation between plasma triglyceride (TG) levels and BChE activity. Consequently we tested the hypothesis that regular intake of betaine, a natural compound intervening in the liver TG metabolism could influence the BChE activity. The BChE activity was estimated spectrophotometrically in plasma of rats fed with betaine enriched standard (B) or high-fat diet (HFB). The results confirmed decreased TG plasma levels after betaine treatment independently on the type of diet (0.15±0.03 (B) vs. 0.27±0.08 (control) mmol/l; p=0.003 and 0.13±0.03 (HFB) vs. 0.27±0.08 (control) mmol/l; p=0.005). The BChE activity increased significantly with betaine administration, however the change was more distinct in the HFB group (0.84±0.34 (HFB) vs. 0.22±0.04 (control) O.D./min/mg; p<0.001 and 0.41±0.11 (B) vs. 0.22±0.04 (con...
Physiological Research, 2017
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depressive disorders (DD) are two of the most prevalent health p... more Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depressive disorders (DD) are two of the most prevalent health problems in the world. Although CVD and depression have different origin, they share some common pathophysiological characteristics and risk factors, such as the increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, endothelial dysfunction, blood flow abnormalities, decreased glucose metabolism, elevated plasma homocysteine levels, oxidative stress and disorder in vitamin D metabolism. Current findings confirm the common underlying factors for both pathologies, which are related to dramatic dietary changes in the mid-19th century. By changing dietary ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids from 1:1 to 15-20:1 some changes in metabolism were induced, such as increased pro-inflammatory mediators and modulations of different signaling pathways following pathophysiological response related to both, cardiovascular diseases and depressive disorders.
Bratislava Medical Journal, 2019
OBJECTIVES: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is characterised as the inability to achieve or maintain an... more OBJECTIVES: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is characterised as the inability to achieve or maintain an erection to complete sexual intercourse. ED may be considered as an early complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of this study was to assess the effect of registered food supplement, natural polyphenolic extract from the French maritime pine bark, Pycnogenol (PYC) on erectile function and lipid profi le in ED patients. METHODS: 53 patients with ED were divided into two groups (32 with DM, 21 non-DM) in randomised, blinded and placebo-controlled study. During 3-month intervention with PYC or placebo and one month after the end of the intervention patients were investigated for ED with validated questionnaire International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5); lipid profi le, glycaemia was analysed in each group. RESULTS: In a randomised, blinded and placebo-controlled study, we found that natural polyphenolic extract, Pycnogenol improved erectile function in DM group by 45 % compared to the NDM group, where the improvement was also signifi cant, but only by 22 %. Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and glucose level was lowered by PYC in patients with DM. Glucose level was not affected by PYC in non-DM. Placebo showed no effect on monitored parameters in both groups. CONCLUSION: Administration of Pycnogenol leads in improvement of erectile function in patients with ED and diabetes (DM group) by 45 %, in NDM group by 22 %, in lowering of total-, LDL-cholesterol by 20 % and 21 % and glycaemia by 22 % in DM (Tab. 2, Fig. 2, Ref. 19).
Bratislava Medical Journal, 2019
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between thromboxane levels and oxidativ... more The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between thromboxane levels and oxidative stress in children with Crohn´s disease (CD), and examine the effect of natural polyphenolic compounds on thromboxane levels. METHODS: This study involved 14 children suffering from CD and 15 healthy controls. Patients were receiving the polyphenolic extract Pycnogenol for 10 weeks. Plasma levels of the static and dynamic forms of thromboxane B2 as well as their metabolite 11-dehydro thromboxane B2 in urine were determined. RESULTS: In comparison to controls, CD patients had signifi cantly higher levels of the static and dynamic forms of thromboxane B2. Pycnogenol decreased the level of the dynamic form of thromboxane B2 after 10 weeks of administration. CONCLUSIONS: Paediatric Crohn's disease is associated with higher thromboxane levels. Our results indicate that Pycnogenol administration reduces thromboxane levels, which may positively infl uence some clinical symptoms of CD such as thromboembolic episodes (Tab.
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2017
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2016
This study investigated the effects of subchronic (−)-epicatechin (Epi) treatment on locomotor ac... more This study investigated the effects of subchronic (−)-epicatechin (Epi) treatment on locomotor activity and hypertension development in young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Epi was administered in drinking water (100 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks. Epi significantly prevented the development of hypertension (138±2versus169±5 mmHg,p<0.001) and reduced total distance traveled in the open-field test (22±2versus35±4 m,p<0.01). In blood, Epi significantly enhanced erythrocyte deformability, increased total antioxidant capacity, and decreased nitrotyrosine concentration. In the aorta, Epi significantly increased nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) activity and elevated the NO-dependent vasorelaxation. In the left heart ventricle, Epi increased NOS activity without altering gene expressions of nNOS, iNOS, and eNOS. Moreover, Epi reduced superoxide production in the left heart ventricle and the aorta. In the brain, Epi increased nNOS gene expression (in the brainstem and cerebellum) and ...
Laser Physics, 2016
Changes in autofluorescence properties of isolated rat aorta, induced by diabetes mellitus, were ... more Changes in autofluorescence properties of isolated rat aorta, induced by diabetes mellitus, were detected using time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy with pulsed ultraviolet (UV) laser excitation. We demonstrated that time-resolved spectroscopy was able to detect changes in aorta tissues related to diabetes and unambiguously discriminate diabetic (τ 1 0.63 ± 0.05 ns, τ 2 3.66 ± 0.10 ns) samples from the control (τ 1 0.76 ± 0.03 ns, τ 2 4.48 ± 0.15 ns) group. We also report changes in the ratio of relative amplitudes of the two lifetime component in aorta tissue during diabetes, most likely related to the pseudohypoxic state with altered NADH homeostasis.
Prague medical report, 2010
Hypercholesterolemia (HCH) is characterized by an increase of the total- and LDL-cholesterol in s... more Hypercholesterolemia (HCH) is characterized by an increase of the total- and LDL-cholesterol in serum. In hypercholesterolemia, generally recognized as a risk factor of atherogenesis, oxidative stress and oxidatively modified LDL play a crucial role. In our study, children with elevated total cholesterol (above 4.5 mmol/l) were included. Parameters of lipid profile, lipophilic vitamins and antioxidants (retinol, α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, xantophyll, lycophen and β-carotene) and markers of oxidative damage to lipids (lipoperoxides and 8-isoprostanes) were evaluated. We found that children with hypercholesterolemia have significantly increased parameters of lipid profile and these are gender dependent only in HDL-cholesterol (1.27 ± 0.10 mmol/l in boys vs. 1.53 ± 0.07 mmol/l in girls; p<0.05) and TAG (1.63 ± 0.31 mmol/l in boys vs. 1.08 ± 0.09 mmol/l in girls; p<0.05). In addition, children with HCH have decreased total antioxidant capacity of serum (TEAC) (about 19.64%, p<...