Javier Villafuerte Galvez - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Javier Villafuerte Galvez
Revista de gastroenterologia del Peru: organo oficial de la Sociedad de Gastroenterologia del Peru
Revista médica de Chile, 2007
vol. 135 número6 Índice de medicina preventiva: Una medida integradora de la cobertura de los pro... more vol. 135 número6 Índice de medicina preventiva: Una medida integradora de la cobertura de los programas preventivos Interacción entre genotipo y nutrición: interpretación de estudios epidemiológicos índice de autores índice de materia búsqueda de artículos
Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública, 2010
... Américo Peña-Oscuvilca 1,2,3,a , J. Jhan Saldaña-Gastulo 1,4,5,a , Javier Villafuerte-Gálvez ... more ... Américo Peña-Oscuvilca 1,2,3,a , J. Jhan Saldaña-Gastulo 1,4,5,a , Javier Villafuerte-Gálvez 1,3,6,a , Aldo Paz-Marchena 1,7,b , A. Giancarlo Alvarado-Gamarra 1,8,b. 1 Sociedad Científica Médico Estudiantil Peruana, Perú. ... 3 Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, Lima, Perú. ...
Molecular Therapy, 2004
Gene therapy may represent a new avenue for the development of multimodal treatment for diverse f... more Gene therapy may represent a new avenue for the development of multimodal treatment for diverse forms of cirrhosis. This study explores the potential benefits of combining adenovirus-mediated human urokinase-plasminogen activator (AdHuPA) gene delivery and biliodigestive anastomosis to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of each treatment alone for cholestatic disorders resulting in secondary biliary cirrhosis. In an experimental model of secondary biliary cirrhosis, application of 6 Â 10 11 vp/kg AdHuPA adenovirus vector resulted in 25.8% liver fibrosis reduction and some improvement in liver histology. The relief of bile cholestasis by a surgical procedure (biliodigestive anastomosis) combined with AdHuPA hepatic gene delivery rendered a synergistic effect, with a substantial 56.9 to 42.9% fibrosis decrease. AdHuPA transduction resulted in clear-cut expression of human uPA protein detected by immunohistochemistry and induction of up-regulation in the expression of metalloproteinases MMP-3, MMP-9, and MMP-2. Importantly, functional hepatic tests, specifically direct bilirubin, were improved. Also, hepatic cell regeneration, rearrangement of hepatic architecture, ascites, and gastric varices improved in cirrhotic rats treated with AdHuPA but not in counterpart AdGFP cirrhotic animals. We believe this might represent a novel therapeutic strategy for human cholestatic diseases.
Journal of Neuroscience Research, 1988
Topical application of 0.01 or 0.1% morphine solution to the somatosensory SI area of the rat cer... more Topical application of 0.01 or 0.1% morphine solution to the somatosensory SI area of the rat cerebral cortex significantly decreased the pain intensity rating in the formaIin test without producing motor side effects or sensory deficits. Naloxone partially antagonizes this effect. Topical application of morphine to the striate cortex did not induce analgesia. It is suggested that the primary somatosensory SI area of the cerebral cortex plays a role in opiate pain control.
Journal of Hepatology, 2002
Gastroenterology, 2004
Abbreviations used in this paper: BDL, bile duct ligation; bp, base pair; ECM, extracellular matr... more Abbreviations used in this paper: BDL, bile duct ligation; bp, base pair; ECM, extracellular matrix; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; HGF, hepatocyte growth factor; HSC, hepatic stellate cell; MMP, matrix metalloprotease; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; TGF, transforming growth factor; TIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease; VP, viral particle.
Objetivos: explorar, en forma preliminar, la situación actual y perspectivas profesionales de est... more Objetivos: explorar, en forma preliminar, la situación actual y perspectivas profesionales de estudiantes de medicina de Latinoamérica. Diseño: Análisis secundario de datos de un estudio transversal para validación de dos escalas. Lugar: 19 escuelas de medicina de nueve países de Latinoamérica. Participantes: Estudiantes de medicina de primer a sexto año que estaban matriculados en el primer semestre académico del 2008. Intervenciones: Encuesta autoadministrada. Principales medidas de resultados: Frecuencias absolutas y relativas de los diversos indicadores del perfil estudiantil. Resultados: Se incluyó 443 estudiantes, 55% fueron varones con edad promedio de 21,5 ± 2,6 años, 4,5% tiene hijos, 37% estudia en una ciudad diferente a la que nació, 39% fue hospitalizado antes de ingresar a la carrera, 20,3% refiere haber sido influenciados por sus padres para elegir la carrera, 7% no está seguro si es su vocación y 22,9% ha pensado retirarse. 82% se proyecta trabajar en labor hospitalaria y 2,3% en un centro de salud, 47,6% refiere que la remuneración que perciben los médicos en sus países es insuficiente, 40,1% quiere ejercer su carrera fuera de su país (, 15,4% de ellos refiere no regresar a su país. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes de medicina tienen diferentes motivaciones y expectativas sobre su futuro profesional, que deben tenerse en cuenta para futuras intervenciones o políticas que permitan orientar la formación médica según los requerimientos de cada país.
The American Journal of Cardiology, 1969
... Systemic Blood Pressure in White Men Born at Sea Level: Changes After Long Residence at High ... more ... Systemic Blood Pressure in White Men Born at Sea Level: Changes After Long Residence at High Altitudes* EMILIO MARTICORENA, MD,t LUIS RUIZ, MD ... Their ages ranged from 25 to 65 years (average 41) when they came to La Oroya and from 27 to 75 years (average 48) at ...
Gut microbes, Jan 14, 2016
Probiotics are believed to be beneficial in maintaining a healthy gut microbiota whereas antibiot... more Probiotics are believed to be beneficial in maintaining a healthy gut microbiota whereas antibiotics are known to induce dysbiosis. This study aimed to examine the effects of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 (SB), the antibiotic Amoxicillin-Clavulanate (AC) and the combination on the microbiota and symptoms of healthy humans. Healthy subjects were randomized to one of 4 study groups: SB for 14 days, AC for 7 days, SB plus AC, Control (no treatment). Participants gave stool samples and completed gastro-intestinal symptom questionnaires. Microbiota changes in stool specimens were analyzed using 16s rRNA gene pyrosequencing (bTEFAP). Only one subject withdrew prematurely due to adverse events. Subjects treated by S boulardii + AC had fewer adverse events and tolerated the study regimen better than those receiving the AC alone. Control subjects had a stable microbiota throughout the study period. Significant microbiota changes were noted in the AC alone group during anti...
Background: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is associated with 14,000 deaths every year in ... more Background: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is associated with 14,000 deaths every year in the US according to the Center for Disease Control (CDC). In 2010, the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (SHEA-IDSA) published guidelines stratifying the severity of CDI in patients based on their clinical presentation and laboratory values. They recommend specific initial treatment of CDI based on this severity stratification. Aim: 1) To determine our institution’s compliance with the Clostridium difficile treatment guidelines. 2) To determine whether noncompliance with the Clostridium difficile treatment guidelines was associated with adverse outcomes. Methods: Patients presenting to our institution from December 2012 to November 2013 with a diagnosis of CDI were identified. Clinical parameters, Laboratory values and Clinical course were obtained from electronic medical records. An adverse outcome of 90 day mortality with CDI ...
The American journal of gastroenterology, Jan 7, 2015
Guidelines recommend routine screening of liver function tests (LFTs) in patients diagnosed with ... more Guidelines recommend routine screening of liver function tests (LFTs) in patients diagnosed with celiac disease (CD). However, little is known about the prevalence of liver disorders in CD outside of Europe. Our aims were to estimate the prevalence of LFT abnormalities in CD and to evaluate the effect of a gluten-free diet (GFD) on LFTs. Adult patients with biopsy-proven CD were identified from a prospectively maintained database and matched with healthy controls. LFT levels for women and men were defined as abnormal based on the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) criteria. Data on demographics, coexisting liver diseases, and laboratory work-ups including aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) values at the time of diagnosis and on a GFD were recorded. Subsequently, data from this cohort were compared with data from 7,789 individuals participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2010. Univariate logi...
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 2015
Computed tomography (CT) is used in the emergency department (ED) for triage of patients with gas... more Computed tomography (CT) is used in the emergency department (ED) for triage of patients with gastrointestinal complaints. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease undergo radiologic studies for gastrointestinal symptoms and are at risk for excessive ionizing radiation exposure; however, the utility of CT in the ED in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) is not clear. In this study, we assess the frequency and risk factors for clinically significant CT findings in patients with UC in the ED. We retrospectively reviewed 163 consecutive cases of patients with UC who presented to a tertiary care ED and underwent abdominopelvic CT between June 2008 and December 2011. Using logistic regression, we identified predictors of significant CT findings and derived a model to predict CT scans without clinically significant findings. Of note, 63.2% (103/163) of CT scans had no clinically significant findings. Less than 2% of scans revealed complications related to UC. Predictors of CT scans without clinically significant findings included rectal bleeding or diarrhea (P < 0.001), use of 5-aminosalicylate (P = 0.011), or immunomodulator (P = 0.032). Alternatively, predictors of clinically significant CT findings included nausea and vomiting (P < 0.001), history of colectomy (P < 0.001), history of abdominal or pelvic surgery (P < 0.001), surgery within 1 month (P < 0.001), age (P = 0.004), elevated white blood cell count (P = 0.003), and no UC medications (P = 0.001). Most patients with UC who presented to the ED and underwent CT had no clinically significant findings. We devised a model to predict lack of clinically significant CT findings, which may assist in reducing cost and radiation exposure in patients with UC.
Gut Microbes, 2014
Interactions between the microbial flora of the intestine and the human host play a critical role... more Interactions between the microbial flora of the intestine and the human host play a critical role inmaintaining intestinal health and in the pathophysiology of a wide variety of disorders such as antibiotic associated diarrhea, Clostridium difficile infection, and inflammatory bowel disease. Prebiotics can confer health benefits by beneficial effects on the intestinal microbiome, whereas antibiotics can disrupt the microbiome leading to diarrhea andother side effects. To compare the effects of the prebiotic, polysaccharopeptide from Trametes versicolor, to those of the antibiotic,amoxicillin, on the human gut microbiome Twenty-four healthy volunteers were randomized to receive PSP, amoxicillin, or no treatment (control).Stool specimens were analyzed using bTEFAP microbial ecology methods on seven occasions over 8 weeks from each participant in the active treatment groups and on three occasions for the controls. Twenty-two of 24 participants completed the protocol. PSP led to clear and consistent microbiome changes consistent with its activity as a prebiotic. Despite the diversity of the human microbiome we noted strong microbiome clustering among subjects. Baseline microbiomes tended to remain stable and to overshadow the treatment effects.Amoxicillin treatment caused substantial microbiome changes most notably an increase in Escherichia/Shigella. Antibiotic associated changes persisted to the end of the study, 42 days after antibiotic therapy ended. The microbiomes of healthy individuals show substantial diversity but remain stable over time.The antibiotic amoxicillin alters the microbiome and recovery from this disruption can take several weeks. PSP from T. versicolor acts as a prebiotic to modulate human intestinal microbiome composition.
The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2014
The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2014
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2008
Revista de gastroenterologia del Peru: organo oficial de la Sociedad de Gastroenterologia del Peru
Revista médica de Chile, 2007
vol. 135 número6 Índice de medicina preventiva: Una medida integradora de la cobertura de los pro... more vol. 135 número6 Índice de medicina preventiva: Una medida integradora de la cobertura de los programas preventivos Interacción entre genotipo y nutrición: interpretación de estudios epidemiológicos índice de autores índice de materia búsqueda de artículos
Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública, 2010
... Américo Peña-Oscuvilca 1,2,3,a , J. Jhan Saldaña-Gastulo 1,4,5,a , Javier Villafuerte-Gálvez ... more ... Américo Peña-Oscuvilca 1,2,3,a , J. Jhan Saldaña-Gastulo 1,4,5,a , Javier Villafuerte-Gálvez 1,3,6,a , Aldo Paz-Marchena 1,7,b , A. Giancarlo Alvarado-Gamarra 1,8,b. 1 Sociedad Científica Médico Estudiantil Peruana, Perú. ... 3 Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, Lima, Perú. ...
Molecular Therapy, 2004
Gene therapy may represent a new avenue for the development of multimodal treatment for diverse f... more Gene therapy may represent a new avenue for the development of multimodal treatment for diverse forms of cirrhosis. This study explores the potential benefits of combining adenovirus-mediated human urokinase-plasminogen activator (AdHuPA) gene delivery and biliodigestive anastomosis to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of each treatment alone for cholestatic disorders resulting in secondary biliary cirrhosis. In an experimental model of secondary biliary cirrhosis, application of 6 Â 10 11 vp/kg AdHuPA adenovirus vector resulted in 25.8% liver fibrosis reduction and some improvement in liver histology. The relief of bile cholestasis by a surgical procedure (biliodigestive anastomosis) combined with AdHuPA hepatic gene delivery rendered a synergistic effect, with a substantial 56.9 to 42.9% fibrosis decrease. AdHuPA transduction resulted in clear-cut expression of human uPA protein detected by immunohistochemistry and induction of up-regulation in the expression of metalloproteinases MMP-3, MMP-9, and MMP-2. Importantly, functional hepatic tests, specifically direct bilirubin, were improved. Also, hepatic cell regeneration, rearrangement of hepatic architecture, ascites, and gastric varices improved in cirrhotic rats treated with AdHuPA but not in counterpart AdGFP cirrhotic animals. We believe this might represent a novel therapeutic strategy for human cholestatic diseases.
Journal of Neuroscience Research, 1988
Topical application of 0.01 or 0.1% morphine solution to the somatosensory SI area of the rat cer... more Topical application of 0.01 or 0.1% morphine solution to the somatosensory SI area of the rat cerebral cortex significantly decreased the pain intensity rating in the formaIin test without producing motor side effects or sensory deficits. Naloxone partially antagonizes this effect. Topical application of morphine to the striate cortex did not induce analgesia. It is suggested that the primary somatosensory SI area of the cerebral cortex plays a role in opiate pain control.
Journal of Hepatology, 2002
Gastroenterology, 2004
Abbreviations used in this paper: BDL, bile duct ligation; bp, base pair; ECM, extracellular matr... more Abbreviations used in this paper: BDL, bile duct ligation; bp, base pair; ECM, extracellular matrix; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; HGF, hepatocyte growth factor; HSC, hepatic stellate cell; MMP, matrix metalloprotease; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; TGF, transforming growth factor; TIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease; VP, viral particle.
Objetivos: explorar, en forma preliminar, la situación actual y perspectivas profesionales de est... more Objetivos: explorar, en forma preliminar, la situación actual y perspectivas profesionales de estudiantes de medicina de Latinoamérica. Diseño: Análisis secundario de datos de un estudio transversal para validación de dos escalas. Lugar: 19 escuelas de medicina de nueve países de Latinoamérica. Participantes: Estudiantes de medicina de primer a sexto año que estaban matriculados en el primer semestre académico del 2008. Intervenciones: Encuesta autoadministrada. Principales medidas de resultados: Frecuencias absolutas y relativas de los diversos indicadores del perfil estudiantil. Resultados: Se incluyó 443 estudiantes, 55% fueron varones con edad promedio de 21,5 ± 2,6 años, 4,5% tiene hijos, 37% estudia en una ciudad diferente a la que nació, 39% fue hospitalizado antes de ingresar a la carrera, 20,3% refiere haber sido influenciados por sus padres para elegir la carrera, 7% no está seguro si es su vocación y 22,9% ha pensado retirarse. 82% se proyecta trabajar en labor hospitalaria y 2,3% en un centro de salud, 47,6% refiere que la remuneración que perciben los médicos en sus países es insuficiente, 40,1% quiere ejercer su carrera fuera de su país (, 15,4% de ellos refiere no regresar a su país. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes de medicina tienen diferentes motivaciones y expectativas sobre su futuro profesional, que deben tenerse en cuenta para futuras intervenciones o políticas que permitan orientar la formación médica según los requerimientos de cada país.
The American Journal of Cardiology, 1969
... Systemic Blood Pressure in White Men Born at Sea Level: Changes After Long Residence at High ... more ... Systemic Blood Pressure in White Men Born at Sea Level: Changes After Long Residence at High Altitudes* EMILIO MARTICORENA, MD,t LUIS RUIZ, MD ... Their ages ranged from 25 to 65 years (average 41) when they came to La Oroya and from 27 to 75 years (average 48) at ...
Gut microbes, Jan 14, 2016
Probiotics are believed to be beneficial in maintaining a healthy gut microbiota whereas antibiot... more Probiotics are believed to be beneficial in maintaining a healthy gut microbiota whereas antibiotics are known to induce dysbiosis. This study aimed to examine the effects of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 (SB), the antibiotic Amoxicillin-Clavulanate (AC) and the combination on the microbiota and symptoms of healthy humans. Healthy subjects were randomized to one of 4 study groups: SB for 14 days, AC for 7 days, SB plus AC, Control (no treatment). Participants gave stool samples and completed gastro-intestinal symptom questionnaires. Microbiota changes in stool specimens were analyzed using 16s rRNA gene pyrosequencing (bTEFAP). Only one subject withdrew prematurely due to adverse events. Subjects treated by S boulardii + AC had fewer adverse events and tolerated the study regimen better than those receiving the AC alone. Control subjects had a stable microbiota throughout the study period. Significant microbiota changes were noted in the AC alone group during anti...
Background: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is associated with 14,000 deaths every year in ... more Background: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is associated with 14,000 deaths every year in the US according to the Center for Disease Control (CDC). In 2010, the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (SHEA-IDSA) published guidelines stratifying the severity of CDI in patients based on their clinical presentation and laboratory values. They recommend specific initial treatment of CDI based on this severity stratification. Aim: 1) To determine our institution’s compliance with the Clostridium difficile treatment guidelines. 2) To determine whether noncompliance with the Clostridium difficile treatment guidelines was associated with adverse outcomes. Methods: Patients presenting to our institution from December 2012 to November 2013 with a diagnosis of CDI were identified. Clinical parameters, Laboratory values and Clinical course were obtained from electronic medical records. An adverse outcome of 90 day mortality with CDI ...
The American journal of gastroenterology, Jan 7, 2015
Guidelines recommend routine screening of liver function tests (LFTs) in patients diagnosed with ... more Guidelines recommend routine screening of liver function tests (LFTs) in patients diagnosed with celiac disease (CD). However, little is known about the prevalence of liver disorders in CD outside of Europe. Our aims were to estimate the prevalence of LFT abnormalities in CD and to evaluate the effect of a gluten-free diet (GFD) on LFTs. Adult patients with biopsy-proven CD were identified from a prospectively maintained database and matched with healthy controls. LFT levels for women and men were defined as abnormal based on the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) criteria. Data on demographics, coexisting liver diseases, and laboratory work-ups including aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) values at the time of diagnosis and on a GFD were recorded. Subsequently, data from this cohort were compared with data from 7,789 individuals participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2010. Univariate logi...
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 2015
Computed tomography (CT) is used in the emergency department (ED) for triage of patients with gas... more Computed tomography (CT) is used in the emergency department (ED) for triage of patients with gastrointestinal complaints. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease undergo radiologic studies for gastrointestinal symptoms and are at risk for excessive ionizing radiation exposure; however, the utility of CT in the ED in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) is not clear. In this study, we assess the frequency and risk factors for clinically significant CT findings in patients with UC in the ED. We retrospectively reviewed 163 consecutive cases of patients with UC who presented to a tertiary care ED and underwent abdominopelvic CT between June 2008 and December 2011. Using logistic regression, we identified predictors of significant CT findings and derived a model to predict CT scans without clinically significant findings. Of note, 63.2% (103/163) of CT scans had no clinically significant findings. Less than 2% of scans revealed complications related to UC. Predictors of CT scans without clinically significant findings included rectal bleeding or diarrhea (P < 0.001), use of 5-aminosalicylate (P = 0.011), or immunomodulator (P = 0.032). Alternatively, predictors of clinically significant CT findings included nausea and vomiting (P < 0.001), history of colectomy (P < 0.001), history of abdominal or pelvic surgery (P < 0.001), surgery within 1 month (P < 0.001), age (P = 0.004), elevated white blood cell count (P = 0.003), and no UC medications (P = 0.001). Most patients with UC who presented to the ED and underwent CT had no clinically significant findings. We devised a model to predict lack of clinically significant CT findings, which may assist in reducing cost and radiation exposure in patients with UC.
Gut Microbes, 2014
Interactions between the microbial flora of the intestine and the human host play a critical role... more Interactions between the microbial flora of the intestine and the human host play a critical role inmaintaining intestinal health and in the pathophysiology of a wide variety of disorders such as antibiotic associated diarrhea, Clostridium difficile infection, and inflammatory bowel disease. Prebiotics can confer health benefits by beneficial effects on the intestinal microbiome, whereas antibiotics can disrupt the microbiome leading to diarrhea andother side effects. To compare the effects of the prebiotic, polysaccharopeptide from Trametes versicolor, to those of the antibiotic,amoxicillin, on the human gut microbiome Twenty-four healthy volunteers were randomized to receive PSP, amoxicillin, or no treatment (control).Stool specimens were analyzed using bTEFAP microbial ecology methods on seven occasions over 8 weeks from each participant in the active treatment groups and on three occasions for the controls. Twenty-two of 24 participants completed the protocol. PSP led to clear and consistent microbiome changes consistent with its activity as a prebiotic. Despite the diversity of the human microbiome we noted strong microbiome clustering among subjects. Baseline microbiomes tended to remain stable and to overshadow the treatment effects.Amoxicillin treatment caused substantial microbiome changes most notably an increase in Escherichia/Shigella. Antibiotic associated changes persisted to the end of the study, 42 days after antibiotic therapy ended. The microbiomes of healthy individuals show substantial diversity but remain stable over time.The antibiotic amoxicillin alters the microbiome and recovery from this disruption can take several weeks. PSP from T. versicolor acts as a prebiotic to modulate human intestinal microbiome composition.
The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2014
The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2014
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2008