Josef Auböck - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Josef Auböck
Some patients instead of tolerating implanted metal alloys may develop complications upon osteosy... more Some patients instead of tolerating implanted metal alloys may develop complications upon osteosynthesis or arthroplasty that are not explained by common causes like infection or mechanical problems. In such patients, hypersensitivity (allergy) may be the underlying mechanism. Allergic reactions have been described as local or generalized eczema, urticaria, impaired wound or osseous healing, seroma formation and implant loosening. It is still under discussion, whether the recently described recurrent groin pain and local "pseudotumour" formation to metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty may also result from hypersensitivity. Cutaneous metal allergy is rather frequent in the general population with sensitisation rates of approximately 13 % to Ni, 2 % to Co and 1 % to Cr. Correspondingly, these three metals are also typical elicitors of allergy to (stainless steel based) osteosynthesis or arthroplasty. Occasionally also bone cement components (acrylates or additives like antibiotic...
Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete, 1985
A case of mycetoma of the lower leg (Madura foot) with bone involvement caused by Petriellidium b... more A case of mycetoma of the lower leg (Madura foot) with bone involvement caused by Petriellidium boydii is presented. After an initially favourable therapeutic response to ketoconazole (2 X 200 mg/die) the process recurred despite proven sensitivity of the fungus in vitro. It could not be controlled with conservative treatment and ultimately necessitated amputation of the lower leg. A striking, hitherto unreported feature of mycetoma was the episodic occurrence of circulating immune complexes with febrile monoarthritis of the adjacent ankle.
Journal of Clinical Oncology, 1998
PURPOSE Patients with primary cutaneous melanoma with a Breslow thickness > or = 1.5 mm have o... more PURPOSE Patients with primary cutaneous melanoma with a Breslow thickness > or = 1.5 mm have only a 30% to 70% probability of survival after surgery, and no adjuvant therapy has so far improved this outcome. Since interferon alfa-2a (IFNalpha2a) exhibits antitumor activity in metastatic melanoma, we investigated whether adjuvant IFNalpha2a diminishes the occurrence of metastases and thus prolongs disease-free survival in melanoma patients after excision of the primary tumor. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a prospective randomized study, 311 melanoma patients with a Breslow thickness > or = 1.5 mm were assigned to either adjuvant IFNalpha2a treatment (n = 154) or observation (n = 157) after excision of the primary tumor. IFNalpha2a was given daily at a dose of 3 mIU subcutaneously (s.c.) for 3 weeks (induction phase), after which a dose of 3 mIU s.c. three times per week was given over 1 year (maintenance phase). RESULTS Prolonged disease-free survival was observed in patients treated...
Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift, 2009
H G Zeitschrift Fur Hautkrankheiten, 1988
The Journal of Immunology
ABSTRACT
The Lancet, 1978
Parallel fluctuations of potential difference (P.D.) across oral and rectal mucosa are probably r... more Parallel fluctuations of potential difference (P.D.) across oral and rectal mucosa are probably related to the activity of autonomic nerves rather than adrenal steroids. Unlike rectal mucosa, oral mucosa does not respond to exogenous or endogenous aldosterone. Therefore subtraction of oral P.D. from rectal P.D. gives a closer indication of mineralocorticoid activity than does rectal P.D. alone. In normal subjects plasma-aldosterone correlated well with subtraction P.D. (r = 0.74; P is less than 0.001). A subtraction P.D. higher than 26 mV in subjects on a normal sodium intake indicated primary or secondary hyperaldosteronism; if the level was lower than 11 mV four hours after intramuscular injection of 0.25 mg tetracosactrin this suggested mineralocorticoid deficiency. Measurement of oral and rectal P.D. permits rapid and inexpensive diagnosis of aldosterone excess and deficiency. The method may also be used in study of the mineralocorticoid effect of other adrenal steroids: as assessed with this bioassay, the plasma 18-OH-deoxycorticosterone, which is raised in some patients with essential hypertension, lacked any in vivo mineralocorticoid activity.
Immunology, 1994
Cytotoxic T-cell lines (TCL) were raised in vitro using stimulator cells with a defined major his... more Cytotoxic T-cell lines (TCL) were raised in vitro using stimulator cells with a defined major histocompatibility complex (MHC) mismatch and tested in a cytotoxic chromium-release assay against haemopoietic and non-haemopoietic target cells from the original stimulator. Monoclonal antibody (mAb)-blocking experiments and simultaneous determination of MHC class I, class II, lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) density by quantitative radioimmunometric methods and flow cytometry on target cells demonstrated that lysis was restricted by MHC class I and dependent upon the constitutive MHC class I antigen expression. Measurements showed a high constitutive expression of class I MHC antigens on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), but a low one on keratinocytes (K). Also, PBMC were more susceptible to lysis by TCL than K. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) treatment of K resulted in increased MHC class I antigen expression and enhan...
Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift für Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete, 1984
We describe the progression of bleomycin-induced inflammatory lesions to linear hyperpigmentation... more We describe the progression of bleomycin-induced inflammatory lesions to linear hyperpigmentations in 2 patients. Striking, hitherto unreported observations were the development of streaking after a single dose of 5 mg bleomycin (patient 1) and vacuolar degeneration of melanocytes in the inflammatory stage (patient 2).
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 1983
British Journal of Dermatology, 1986
Biopsy specimens from 185 patients with 52 different skin disorders were investigated by indirect... more Biopsy specimens from 185 patients with 52 different skin disorders were investigated by indirect immunofluorescence staining for the presence of HLA-DR bearing keratinocytes and their association with an underlying inflammatory infiltrate and in particular with activated (HLA-DR-positive, Leu-4-positive) T lymphocytes. HLA-DR expression on keratinocytes was demonstrated in 38 dermatoses, including lymphocytic vasculitis, lupus erythematosus, morphea, vitiligo, lichen planus, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, various infectious dermatoses, allergic contact dermatitis, granulomatous dermatoses. Sweet's syndrome, lichen sclerosus and erythema nodostim. In 27 of these this had not previously been reported. Occurrence of HLA-DR on keratinocytes was invariably linked to the presence of a lymphocytic infiltrate containing numerous activated T-cells (Leu-4 + , HLA-DR +) whereas such infiltrates were not accompanied by HLA-DR expression on keratinocytes in all the dermatoses investigated, as in pseudolymphoma and erythema anulare centrifugum. However, HLA-DR positive keratinocytes were consistently absent in skin disorders lacking any significant lymphocytic infiltration (e.g. leukocytoclastic vasculitis, bullous autoimmune dermatoses, genodermatoses and mastocytosis). Although it has been suggested that HLA-DR-positive keratinocytes are involved in various immune responses of the skin, their exact functional significance is, as yet, unknown.
Archives of Dermatological Research, 1985
Primary human epidermal cell cultures composed of keratinocytes and melanocytes were exposed to s... more Primary human epidermal cell cultures composed of keratinocytes and melanocytes were exposed to supernatants of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated T cells, various lymphokines and interferon-ß, and checked for the emergence of HLA-DR antigen using immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. HLA-DR expression was induced by the supernatants and human recombinant interferon-? (rIFN-?), whereas recombinant a2, interleukin-2 and non-recombinant human interferon-ß had no such effect. The threshold concentration of rIFN-? required to induce this phenomenon was 10 IU/ml; no further increase of reaction intensity was observed using doses of more than 100 IU/ml. Maximum reaction intensity was achieved after 72 h of incubation; a minimum of 3 h of incubation with rIFN-? followed by 72 h incubation in rIFN-?-free medium proved sufficient to induce HLA-DR expression. The inductive effect of the supernatants and rIFN-? could be completely abrogated by pretreatment with excess doses of the monoclonal antibody GZ4 specific for human IFN-?. Keratinocytes and melanocytes reacted in an identical fashion both qualitatively and quantitatively in all experiments. These data indicate that IFN-? possesses specific signal functions in the induction of HLA-DR expression on epidermal cells.
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 1982
Experiments were performed in a randomized double blind cross-over study in 6 healthy volunteers ... more Experiments were performed in a randomized double blind cross-over study in 6 healthy volunteers to answer the question if alinidine, a new analogue of clonidine with a bradycardic effect directly on the sinus node, would have an effect on an emotionally-induced tachycardia. Alinidine 40 mg orally significantly (1%) reduced the tachycardia and the concomitant rise in diastolic blood pressure during the stress of performing a mental task. Forearm blood flow and the efficiency (total score in the mental task) remained unchanged by alinidine.
The Journal of Immunology
In addition to keratinocytes and melanocytes, the mammalian epidermis harbors the so-called Lange... more In addition to keratinocytes and melanocytes, the mammalian epidermis harbors the so-called Langerhans cells (LC)2 as a third cell population, which is thought to participate in immune reactions involving the epidermis (1, 2). LC are dendritic cells located above the basal cell layer, have a characteristic ultrastructural appearance (3), and originate from a bone marrow precursor (4, 5). They lack membrane-incorporated surface immunoglobulin and sheep red blood cell receptors, but are the only epidermal cells (EC) that bear receptors for the Fc portion of IgG (Fc-IgG) and for C3 and express Ia antigens (1, 2). Because LC constitute only 3 to 5% of all EC, enrichment procedures are important for functional studies. Moderate enrichment of LC to 18 to 35% by separation of Fc-IgG rosetting EC on density gradients was sufficient to show the critical role of LC in EC-induced T cell proliferation (6). More powerful isolation procedures are needed, however, for more exacting analysis of LC ...
Some patients instead of tolerating implanted metal alloys may develop complications upon osteosy... more Some patients instead of tolerating implanted metal alloys may develop complications upon osteosynthesis or arthroplasty that are not explained by common causes like infection or mechanical problems. In such patients, hypersensitivity (allergy) may be the underlying mechanism. Allergic reactions have been described as local or generalized eczema, urticaria, impaired wound or osseous healing, seroma formation and implant loosening. It is still under discussion, whether the recently described recurrent groin pain and local "pseudotumour" formation to metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty may also result from hypersensitivity. Cutaneous metal allergy is rather frequent in the general population with sensitisation rates of approximately 13 % to Ni, 2 % to Co and 1 % to Cr. Correspondingly, these three metals are also typical elicitors of allergy to (stainless steel based) osteosynthesis or arthroplasty. Occasionally also bone cement components (acrylates or additives like antibiotic...
Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete, 1985
A case of mycetoma of the lower leg (Madura foot) with bone involvement caused by Petriellidium b... more A case of mycetoma of the lower leg (Madura foot) with bone involvement caused by Petriellidium boydii is presented. After an initially favourable therapeutic response to ketoconazole (2 X 200 mg/die) the process recurred despite proven sensitivity of the fungus in vitro. It could not be controlled with conservative treatment and ultimately necessitated amputation of the lower leg. A striking, hitherto unreported feature of mycetoma was the episodic occurrence of circulating immune complexes with febrile monoarthritis of the adjacent ankle.
Journal of Clinical Oncology, 1998
PURPOSE Patients with primary cutaneous melanoma with a Breslow thickness > or = 1.5 mm have o... more PURPOSE Patients with primary cutaneous melanoma with a Breslow thickness > or = 1.5 mm have only a 30% to 70% probability of survival after surgery, and no adjuvant therapy has so far improved this outcome. Since interferon alfa-2a (IFNalpha2a) exhibits antitumor activity in metastatic melanoma, we investigated whether adjuvant IFNalpha2a diminishes the occurrence of metastases and thus prolongs disease-free survival in melanoma patients after excision of the primary tumor. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a prospective randomized study, 311 melanoma patients with a Breslow thickness > or = 1.5 mm were assigned to either adjuvant IFNalpha2a treatment (n = 154) or observation (n = 157) after excision of the primary tumor. IFNalpha2a was given daily at a dose of 3 mIU subcutaneously (s.c.) for 3 weeks (induction phase), after which a dose of 3 mIU s.c. three times per week was given over 1 year (maintenance phase). RESULTS Prolonged disease-free survival was observed in patients treated...
Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift, 2009
H G Zeitschrift Fur Hautkrankheiten, 1988
The Journal of Immunology
ABSTRACT
The Lancet, 1978
Parallel fluctuations of potential difference (P.D.) across oral and rectal mucosa are probably r... more Parallel fluctuations of potential difference (P.D.) across oral and rectal mucosa are probably related to the activity of autonomic nerves rather than adrenal steroids. Unlike rectal mucosa, oral mucosa does not respond to exogenous or endogenous aldosterone. Therefore subtraction of oral P.D. from rectal P.D. gives a closer indication of mineralocorticoid activity than does rectal P.D. alone. In normal subjects plasma-aldosterone correlated well with subtraction P.D. (r = 0.74; P is less than 0.001). A subtraction P.D. higher than 26 mV in subjects on a normal sodium intake indicated primary or secondary hyperaldosteronism; if the level was lower than 11 mV four hours after intramuscular injection of 0.25 mg tetracosactrin this suggested mineralocorticoid deficiency. Measurement of oral and rectal P.D. permits rapid and inexpensive diagnosis of aldosterone excess and deficiency. The method may also be used in study of the mineralocorticoid effect of other adrenal steroids: as assessed with this bioassay, the plasma 18-OH-deoxycorticosterone, which is raised in some patients with essential hypertension, lacked any in vivo mineralocorticoid activity.
Immunology, 1994
Cytotoxic T-cell lines (TCL) were raised in vitro using stimulator cells with a defined major his... more Cytotoxic T-cell lines (TCL) were raised in vitro using stimulator cells with a defined major histocompatibility complex (MHC) mismatch and tested in a cytotoxic chromium-release assay against haemopoietic and non-haemopoietic target cells from the original stimulator. Monoclonal antibody (mAb)-blocking experiments and simultaneous determination of MHC class I, class II, lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) density by quantitative radioimmunometric methods and flow cytometry on target cells demonstrated that lysis was restricted by MHC class I and dependent upon the constitutive MHC class I antigen expression. Measurements showed a high constitutive expression of class I MHC antigens on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), but a low one on keratinocytes (K). Also, PBMC were more susceptible to lysis by TCL than K. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) treatment of K resulted in increased MHC class I antigen expression and enhan...
Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift für Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete, 1984
We describe the progression of bleomycin-induced inflammatory lesions to linear hyperpigmentation... more We describe the progression of bleomycin-induced inflammatory lesions to linear hyperpigmentations in 2 patients. Striking, hitherto unreported observations were the development of streaking after a single dose of 5 mg bleomycin (patient 1) and vacuolar degeneration of melanocytes in the inflammatory stage (patient 2).
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 1983
British Journal of Dermatology, 1986
Biopsy specimens from 185 patients with 52 different skin disorders were investigated by indirect... more Biopsy specimens from 185 patients with 52 different skin disorders were investigated by indirect immunofluorescence staining for the presence of HLA-DR bearing keratinocytes and their association with an underlying inflammatory infiltrate and in particular with activated (HLA-DR-positive, Leu-4-positive) T lymphocytes. HLA-DR expression on keratinocytes was demonstrated in 38 dermatoses, including lymphocytic vasculitis, lupus erythematosus, morphea, vitiligo, lichen planus, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, various infectious dermatoses, allergic contact dermatitis, granulomatous dermatoses. Sweet's syndrome, lichen sclerosus and erythema nodostim. In 27 of these this had not previously been reported. Occurrence of HLA-DR on keratinocytes was invariably linked to the presence of a lymphocytic infiltrate containing numerous activated T-cells (Leu-4 + , HLA-DR +) whereas such infiltrates were not accompanied by HLA-DR expression on keratinocytes in all the dermatoses investigated, as in pseudolymphoma and erythema anulare centrifugum. However, HLA-DR positive keratinocytes were consistently absent in skin disorders lacking any significant lymphocytic infiltration (e.g. leukocytoclastic vasculitis, bullous autoimmune dermatoses, genodermatoses and mastocytosis). Although it has been suggested that HLA-DR-positive keratinocytes are involved in various immune responses of the skin, their exact functional significance is, as yet, unknown.
Archives of Dermatological Research, 1985
Primary human epidermal cell cultures composed of keratinocytes and melanocytes were exposed to s... more Primary human epidermal cell cultures composed of keratinocytes and melanocytes were exposed to supernatants of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated T cells, various lymphokines and interferon-ß, and checked for the emergence of HLA-DR antigen using immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. HLA-DR expression was induced by the supernatants and human recombinant interferon-? (rIFN-?), whereas recombinant a2, interleukin-2 and non-recombinant human interferon-ß had no such effect. The threshold concentration of rIFN-? required to induce this phenomenon was 10 IU/ml; no further increase of reaction intensity was observed using doses of more than 100 IU/ml. Maximum reaction intensity was achieved after 72 h of incubation; a minimum of 3 h of incubation with rIFN-? followed by 72 h incubation in rIFN-?-free medium proved sufficient to induce HLA-DR expression. The inductive effect of the supernatants and rIFN-? could be completely abrogated by pretreatment with excess doses of the monoclonal antibody GZ4 specific for human IFN-?. Keratinocytes and melanocytes reacted in an identical fashion both qualitatively and quantitatively in all experiments. These data indicate that IFN-? possesses specific signal functions in the induction of HLA-DR expression on epidermal cells.
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 1982
Experiments were performed in a randomized double blind cross-over study in 6 healthy volunteers ... more Experiments were performed in a randomized double blind cross-over study in 6 healthy volunteers to answer the question if alinidine, a new analogue of clonidine with a bradycardic effect directly on the sinus node, would have an effect on an emotionally-induced tachycardia. Alinidine 40 mg orally significantly (1%) reduced the tachycardia and the concomitant rise in diastolic blood pressure during the stress of performing a mental task. Forearm blood flow and the efficiency (total score in the mental task) remained unchanged by alinidine.
The Journal of Immunology
In addition to keratinocytes and melanocytes, the mammalian epidermis harbors the so-called Lange... more In addition to keratinocytes and melanocytes, the mammalian epidermis harbors the so-called Langerhans cells (LC)2 as a third cell population, which is thought to participate in immune reactions involving the epidermis (1, 2). LC are dendritic cells located above the basal cell layer, have a characteristic ultrastructural appearance (3), and originate from a bone marrow precursor (4, 5). They lack membrane-incorporated surface immunoglobulin and sheep red blood cell receptors, but are the only epidermal cells (EC) that bear receptors for the Fc portion of IgG (Fc-IgG) and for C3 and express Ia antigens (1, 2). Because LC constitute only 3 to 5% of all EC, enrichment procedures are important for functional studies. Moderate enrichment of LC to 18 to 35% by separation of Fc-IgG rosetting EC on density gradients was sufficient to show the critical role of LC in EC-induced T cell proliferation (6). More powerful isolation procedures are needed, however, for more exacting analysis of LC ...