IJAR Indexing - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by IJAR Indexing
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
The current systematic review was conducted with a goal of evaluation and comparison of treatment... more The current systematic review was conducted with a goal of evaluation and comparison of treatment of intrabony defects using autogeneous bone graft with guided tissue regeneration vs the other bone grafts. Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease in which a progressive interaction between pathogenic micro-organisms and host immune system leads to destruction of tooth supporting tissues.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Glioma is an abnormal, irregularly shaped cell growth in the brain. Diagnosing glioma often relie... more Glioma is an abnormal, irregularly shaped cell growth in the brain. Diagnosing glioma often relies on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which requires precise segmentation of the tumor for effective analysis. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), such as U-Net, is widely used in medical image processing, particularly for image segmentation tasks. However, CNNs have the limitation in effectively learning spatial relationships within images. To address this, Capsule Networks (CapsNet) is introduced, utilizing capsule dynamic routing to better capture spatial hierarchies. This paper aims to investigate the performance of SegCaps, a segmentation model based on Capsule Networks, for brain glioma segmentation in MRI images, compared to the CNN-based U-Net model. Both models were tested on the BraTS2018 glioma dataset, which includes 374 MRI images of brain tumors across four modalities (T1, T1c, T2, FLAIR). The performance of SegCaps and U-Net was evaluated using two key segmentation metrics: Dice coefficient and Jaccard index. The results show that SegCaps outperformed U-Net with a Dice coefficient of 87.96% compared to U-Nets 85.56%, demonstrating a 2.4% improvement. Additionally, SegCaps required fewer parameters than the U-Net model, highlighting its efficiency. In conclusion, SegCaps can be considered as a promising alternative for glioma segmentation in MRI images. Future work could focus on refining the SegCaps model to enhance its performance while reducing computational costs.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Ureteroceles are rare congenital anomalies, occurring in about 1 in 4000 individuals, with a high... more Ureteroceles are rare congenital anomalies, occurring in about 1 in 4000 individuals, with a higher incidence in females, particularly those with a duplex renal system. The etiology and clinical presentation of ureteroceles vary, often complicating diagnosis and management. Common symptoms include antenatal hydronephrosis, vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), and recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). In cases of ectopic ureteroceles, there is a risk of significant complications, such as hypertension and renal failure, requiring timely and precise intervention. Diagnostic methods include sonography and voiding cystourethrography (VCUG), while management approaches range from minimally invasive endoscopic incisions to more complex excision and reimplantation procedures, depending on the severity. We report the case of a 1.5-month-old female infant, born via LSCS, presenting with fever and a rapidly enlarging reddish mass descending from the urethra. Initially the size of a peanut, it grew to the size of a lemon, accompanied by symptoms of straining during urination and defecation. While prenatal scans showed hydro-ureteronephrosis, postnatal imaging appeared normal until the mass emerged. Clinical suspicion of a ureterocele was confirmed through imaging studies. This case highlights the unpredictable nature of ureteroceles, emphasizing the importance of prenatal and postnatal screening. Treatment strategies must be individualized, considering the rapid progression of the condition. While endoscopic incision is favored for its minimally invasive approach, reconstructive surgery may be necessary if complications such as reflux or a duplex renal system are present. Early detection remains key to preventing long-term morbidity and improving outcomes in infants with ureteroceles.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
The Kaboua arrondissement is facing increasing challenges related to climate incidents, such as d... more The Kaboua arrondissement is facing increasing challenges related to climate incidents, such as droughts, floods, and temperature variations. These events disrupt not only traditional cropping cycles but also affect the frequency of crop regrowth, which is essential for food security and the income of local farmers. The general objective of this research is to analyze the influence of climate incidents on crop regrowth in the study area. The data used include rainfall heights from 1928 to 2018, as well as maximum and minimum temperatures from 1961 to 2018, all sourced from the Save meteorological station. This data was collected from Meteo-Benin. Additionally, a survey was conducted among the population of the Kaboua arrondissement to correlate meteorological data with local field observations. The results of this research showed that climate change alters the rainy seasons and growing periods, leading to crop losses and difficulties in maintaining sustainable crop regrowth. It is essential to emphasize that regrowth plays a key role in helping producers cope with food insecurity during the lean season. Furthermore, according to 95% of the surveyed producers, it also helps meet their financial needs. Regrowth is also crucial in the soil fertility cycle, serving as a vital link in the conservation and regeneration of nutrients necessary for crop growth. Its impact on soil health and quality is fundamental to maintaining long-term agricultural productivity.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Adolescence is the period of extensive physical, emotional, and social transformation. This artic... more Adolescence is the period of extensive physical, emotional, and social transformation. This article focuses on the primary role of effective communication within the family, especially parents and siblings influence, in shaping adolescence development. It considers how open, supportive, and sincere interactions help in identity formation, peer relationships, cognitive development, and affect regulation during this critical stage. The article draws both on Eastern and Western psychological paradigms, showing how academic psychology has evolved over the years and the main theoretical frameworks which inform our understanding of adolescent development. It is in this regard that the current study will explore the importance of effective family communication in developing a positive identity, building self-esteem, and supplying a sense of belonging. Emphasized herein is the role of parents in guiding adolescents through open discussions that will help them think critically, solve problems, and make independent decisions. Attention falls onto sibling influence in that they are in a special position to offer emotional support, companionship, and modeling behaviors. It draws from quantitative studies how family dynamics impact adolescent results. Construction and standardization processes of psychological measures are described to explain why reliable and valid instruments are needed when studying adolescent behavior and family interaction. This article concludes with the practical recommendations to enhance family communication strategies in supporting adolescent development. This integration of theoretical perspectives and empirical findings thus provides critical insights for educators, practitioners, and families seeking to promote healthy developmental trajectories among adolescents through effective communication and supportive sibling relationships.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Introduction: Decompressive craniectomy, introduced by Kocher in 1901, reduces intracranial press... more Introduction: Decompressive craniectomy, introduced by Kocher in 1901, reduces intracranial pressure by removing part of the skull. It is used in severe neurological conditions such as brain injury and stroke, allowing the swollen brain to expand, thereby reducing mortality and improving function.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of the location of intraparenchymal edema on the efficacy of decompressive craniectomy and postoperative clinical outcomes.
Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library and Scopus. This search was focused on studies related to intracranial hypertension and its neurosurgical approach.
Results: In this study, the following risk factors for mortality after decompressive craniotomy were identified: male sex, age over 50 years and late surgery. Operating between 12-24 hours improves results, especially in the non-dominant hemisphere. Correct surgical technique minimizes complications and improves the healing process of patients.
Discussions: This study demonstrates that the location of intra-abdominal edema affects the results of craniectomy, with better results in the non-dominant hemisphere. A better understanding of brain anatomy and individualization of surgical techniques are essential to reduce complications and improve surgical outcomes after stroke.
Conclusions: In conclusion, patient survival and functionality can be improved as seen from a modified Rankin scale by precise knowledge of the location of intraparenchymal edema and an approach with reduced damage to collateral structures.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Are maize-cowpea associations and organic restitution the driving force behind sustainable soil m... more Are maize-cowpea associations and organic restitution the driving force behind sustainable soil management in western Burkina Faso? Soil fertility management is one of the key factors in the sustainability of cropping systems in western Burkina Faso. With this in mind, a study was carried out on the management of crop residues, fertilization and the inclusion of legumes in the cropping system. The aim was to determine the effects of mulching, insertion of cowpeas into the cropping system and organo-mineral fertilization on soil fertility. The experimental design was a strip split plot with 4 replications and three treatments corresponding to 3 crop residue management methods, 3 cropping systems with or without maize and cowpea, and 2 types of fertilization. Trials were conducted from the 2018 to 2020 cropping seasons. Soil moisture, the number of fungal and bacterial colonies and soil chemical characteristics were determined in 2020. The results show a significant increase in soil moisture on maize-wheat association plots of 9.28 and 8.58% for the 0-20 cm depth and 6.85 and 5.31% for the 20-40 cm depth respectively compared with pure maize and cowpea cultivation. For crop residue management and fertilization, soil moisture levels were identical for all treatments. Concerning soil micro-organisms, the results show that five (05) types of fungi were identified on the different treatments: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium moniliforme, Geotrichumcandidum and Trichoderma sp. The results obtained show no significant difference between treatments at the 5% threshold, either for fungi, bacteria or soil chemical characteristics. Consequently, the maize-cowpea association can be considered a sustainable soil fertility management practice in the western region of Burkina Faso. However, the choice between recycling crop residues by mulching and applying organo-mineral fertilizer must be determined by the farms themselves, according to their socio-economic reality.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
The assembly of steel sheets using the spot-welding process is commonly used in the automotive in... more The assembly of steel sheets using the spot-welding process is commonly used in the automotive industry - notably at Renault - for the production of the chassis. The stresses encountered in service due to rough roads or driving conditions are transmitted between assembled components via the welded points. Understanding their fatigue behavior under incidental overloads is therefore essential for ensuring their service life and permanently dimensioning the structure. In the present study, an experimental test campaign was conducted to analyze the fatigue failure modes of two identical steel plates joined by welded points and loaded in tension-shear. Two high-strength steel grades (HE360D and XE360D) and one mild steel grade for deep drawing (XES) were tested either at constant amplitude, or with incidental stresses occurring at a rate of one overload cycle for every 100 cycles applied. All cycles had a load ratio of 0.1 (undulating tension). The assembly of steel sheets using the spot-welding process is commonly used in the automotive industry - notably at Renault - for the production of the chassis. The stresses encountered in service due to rough roads or driving conditions are transmitted between assembled components via the welded points. Understanding their fatigue behavior under incidental overloads is therefore essential for ensuring their service life and permanently dimensioning the structure. In the present study, an experimental test campaign was conducted to analyze the fatigue failure modes of two identical steel plates joined by welded points and loaded in tension-shear. Two high-strength steel grades (HE360D and XE360D) and one mild steel grade for deep drawing (XES) were tested either at constant amplitude, or with incidental stresses occurring at a rate of one overload cycle for every 100 cycles applied. All cycles had a load ratio of 0,1 (undulating tension). The experimental results show that periodic overloading is beneficial to fatigue life in the case of high-strength steels, whereas the effect recorded is, on the contrary, a very marked collapse in fatigue properties in the case of mild steels.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
The modern lifestyle has given rise to a number of health-related issues. A growing number of mus... more The modern lifestyle has given rise to a number of health-related issues. A growing number of musculoskeletal conditions include sciatica. Sciaticas signs and symptoms are similar to those of Gridhrasi, also known as Shoolpradhan Vatavayadhi in Ayurveda. Given that the patients gait resembles that of a vulture (gridhra) and that his legs are inflexible and slightly bowed, the disease may have derived its name from the bird gridhra. According to Sushruta, the kandara of Gridhrasi is impacted by the vitiated Vata dosha, making it difficult for the patient to extend their leg. Sciatica is an extremely painful ailment where pain radiates along the posteriolateral portion of the leg and thigh from the lumbar area. The quality of life is negatively impacted by low back discomfort, especially during ones prime working years. Since over 75% of people worldwide have had low back pain at some point in their lives, the incidence rate of low back pain is noteworthy. It is the most typical illness that keeps people from working. This illness leaves the victim partially disabled since they may not be able to stand, walk, or sit comfortably. The two basic areas of treatment in modern medicine are surgical pathology repair and pain management. The goal of Ayurvedic treatment is to rectify the underlying functional imbalance in order to restore harmony. The goal of Ayurvedic Gridhrasi treatments is to restore the imbalanced Vata or Vata Kapha to health by bringing it back to equilibrium.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
The students of the 21st century study in exclusive ways. While some students rely on experiments... more The students of the 21st century study in exclusive ways. While some students rely on experiments, facts, and data, others use techniques and tools of artificial intelligence.AI-based tools are transforming higher education by improvising learning experiences, personalizing instruction, and administrative efficiency. Adaptive learning platforms, for example, are AI-driven systems that personalize instructional content to each students needs, accommodating a wide range of learning styles and speeds. Intelligent tutoring solutions help studentsgain a deeper understanding of difficult subjects by offering them specific guidance and feedback. It undertakes several artificial intelligence methodologies and learning style models to ascertain the mastering styles of university students. Artificial intelligence approaches in higher education generate effective learning environments for university students development.To create an empirical basis for this, a survey of students was carried out to analyze the use of AI-based tools that are important to students. This quantitative paper aims to highlight the various AI tools used by university students and the challenges they face while utilizing such tools. For data collection, 60 students were interviewed by the investigator. The simple random technique of sampling will be used and the resultsof the study reveal that university students are facingvarious challenges while using AI tools.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among Indian women, with an incidence... more Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among Indian women, with an incidence of 25.8 per 100,000 women according to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Late detection is responsible for poor quality of life (QOL), and it is the leading cause of death. Studies have shown that people are positive towards AI performing assessment tasks in healthcare in general and in mammography screening. Moreover, it is challenging to implement strategies based on self-breast inspection or do mammography in rural regions or low and middle income nations for a variety of reasons.
Objective: This study was conducted to assess the perception and attitude of various female patients reporting to the radiology unit of a tertiary care centre regarding the use of Artificial Intelligence in routine mammogram screening.
Study Design: A cross sectional questionnaire based study was conducted female patients attending the radiology unit of a tertiary Care Centre in Central Kerala.
Methods: After obtaining, informed written consent was taken from the study participants. A predesigned, pretested, validated checklist was used to collect the required data. The Knowledge, attitude and practice was ascertained through Likerts scale and scoring done accordingly. Statistical tests of significance was employed to assess the possible associations between various variables with the knowledge, attitude and perceptions regarding Artifical Intelligence based Mammogram
Results: Among the 170 study subjects analysed, 68.6% had a satisfactory knowledge about Artificial intelligence. Among the 170 study subjects analysed, 86% had a good attitude about being screened through AI enabled mammogram techniques. 92% of the total study subjects registered for mammogram had done it based on self choice. The association between age and willingness to get screened was found to be statistically significant. It was also seen that there was a statistically very high significance between Knowledge regarding AI and the independent decision to get screened. There was also a statistically significant association between age and scores >60% regarding knowledge and attitude regarding the vaccination among the study subjects.
Conclusions: Majority of the study population was having a satisfactory knowledge regarding AI usage in healthcare.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
One of the hardest fought wars of all in the twentieth century was in 1973, when Egypt and Syria ... more One of the hardest fought wars of all in the twentieth century was in 1973, when Egypt and Syria launched a surprise attack on Israel on the Jewish holy day of atonement (Yom Kippur). Egypt and Syria staged this war against Israel as a response to the Arab territories Israel captured during the Six-Day War of 1967 which include the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights. The war did have a major influence on how Egypt and Israel eventually came to an agreement that resulted in Egypt receiving the Sinai Peninsula in exchange for long-term peace. The war proved costly for Israel, Egypt, and Syria, having caused momentous casualties, and having disabled or destroyed large quantities of military equipment. The study was carried out with the aid of secondary sources and internet materials. The result of the findings in this study shows that the Yom Kippur War of October 1973 was a turning point in Israelis military and strategic thought. Undeniably, the war taught all parties involved valuable lessons, but it seems that the Israelis have discussed the conflicts tactical direction, startling strategic shortcomings, and political ramifications the most. The paper concludes that the Arab-Israeli leaders in collaboration with the world superpowers need to come together to find a middle ground and a fair centre-stage where peace and harmony will be given utmost priority. This is the only way the differences between the two warring nations can be resolved.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Objectives: The aim of the study is to study presentations and clinical outcomes in patients unde... more Objectives: The aim of the study is to study presentations and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing Aortofemoral Bypass Grafting Surgery (AFB).
Design: This was a Hospital based prospective study.
Materials And Methods: During 18 months period , 20 patients (mean age = 56 years) underwent AFB. Indications comprised of occlusive disease with Intermittent Claudication (IC) (n=10), Critical Limb Ischaemia (CLI)(n=4), Resting Pain (RP) (n=4) and Tissue Loss (TL) (n=2).
Results: From Jan 2023 to June 2024, AFB was performed more frequently for IC (50%) vs rest of other indications. 30 day observations / follow up showed infection in 5%, Graft occlusion in 5% for which patient underwent emergency graft thrombectomy, Amputation in 10% due to gangrenous changes and 15% mortality. Graft patency was found to be triphasic in 90% cases. Hypertension was leading risk factor (85%) followed by Diabetes Mellitus(70%) and smoking (65%). Predictors of morbidity included CKD (25%), CAD (25%), COPD (20%), CVA (20%).90% Patients were operated via thoracotomy approach and 10% were operated via abdominal approach depending on level of aortic thrombus. 20% of patients had previous history of endovascular interventions followed by stent occlusion.
Conclusion: In era of endovascular intervention, Aortofemoral Bypass Surgery is more likely to be performed for Intermittent Claudication and graft patency has a better outcome.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
The aim of this study was to develop a critical thinking test for B.Ed. trainees. The development... more The aim of this study was to develop a critical thinking test for B.Ed. trainees. The developmentalresearchmethod was used for the construction of the test. A sample of 238 and 276 trainees were selected purposively from the various B.Ed. colleges affiliated to DAVV, Indorefor the preliminary tryout and establishing the reliability of the test respectively. Most of the Critical Thinking Tests are constructed in the foreign countries and some of tests are constructed in Indian context, but the test which are constructed in Indian context, emphasis is given on aspects related to Process of Thinking, Product of Thinking, in one tool whereas in another tools Interpretation, Analysis, Evaluation, Inference, Explanation and Self - regulation related items were included. In these tools dimensions like facts, opinion, induction-deduction reasoning are not included, so investigators decided to construct a Critical Thinking Skill Test for assessing the B.Ed. trainees Critical Thinking Skill. Content validity /face validity was used for the validation of the assessment and test-retest method was used for establishing the reliability of the test. The result showed the test was validly developed with the reliability coefficient 0.91.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
This paper examined gender related factors influencing female students academic performance in hi... more This paper examined gender related factors influencing female students academic performance in higher learning institutions in Rwanda with reference to Kibogora Polytechnic. The specific objectives were to determine the level of female students academic performance, structural cultural factors, socioeconomic conditions, and cultural factors and their effect on female students academic performance. The research surveyed female students and staff from higher learning institutions, involving 486 participants. A representative group of 220 was calculated using Yamane formula. Data was collected through semi-structured questionnaires, interviews, desk reviews, and pre-tests. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used to generate descriptive and inferential statistics. To the first objective, results revealed that 86.4% accepted female attendance rate was increased, 77.0% contended that female student has active participation in class within higher learning institutions, 76.4% accepted that there is a rate of graduation. To the second objective, the research revealed that 74.5% accepted that the existing policies influence female academic performance, 86.4 accepted that the higher learning procedures have influenced female academic performance, 87.2% show an agreement and strongly agreement respectively. The correlation coefficient r=0.522 was produced with p-value of 0.000 of a two-tailed. To the third objective, 74.5% provided positive responses concerned with the number of girls and boys in the family has influenced female academic performance, 86.4% agreed domestic work performed at home influence negatively academic performance in higher learning institutions, Findings demonstrated the association between socio-economic and the success of performance of female students was 0.820 the p-value was 0.000 for 2-tailed. To the fourth objective, the research felt that 88.0% that domestic responsibilities reduce female willingness to school and educational activities. Correlation coefficient and the p-value demonstrate the existence of significant effect of cultural factors on female student academic performance. The study recommends that the Ministry of education should establish effective female sensitive policies. The society should leave unfavorable cultural norms and hand habits that affect female students in higher learning institutions owing to their effect in lowering self-confidence and academic target. Further studies should investigate effect creating awareness on female education at all level and to establish the forums to debate on societal factors hindering girls education.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Background:Peripartum cardiomyopathy(PPCM) is characterized by the onset of heart failure due to ... more Background:Peripartum cardiomyopathy(PPCM) is characterized by the onset of heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction in late pregnancy or shortly after delivery. The incidence of PPCM varies widely globally, with reports ranging from 1 in 100-15000 pregnancies This study aims to evaluate the incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of PPCM in a cohort of women at Basaweshwara General and Teaching Hospital, Kalaburgi.
Methods:A retrospective observational study was conducted over one year (January 1 to December 31, 2023). Inclusion criteria were based on NHLBI standards for diagnosing PPCM, while patients with preexisting cardiac conditions, liver disorders, and malignancies were excluded. Data were collected from hospital records, focusing on demographics, clinical presentations,echocardiographic findings, complications, and outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version22.
Results:Among 2,200 deliveries, 12 cases of PPCM were identified, yielding an incidence of 0.55%. The mean age of affected women was 26.33 years, with 66% being primigravida. A significant proportion (58.33%) presented with hypertensive disorders.Maternal outcomes included a 25% mortality rate and high rates of cesarean delivery (83.33%).Neonatal outcomes were concerning, with 58.33% of infants requiring NICU admission and 16.66% experiencing intrauterine death.
Conclusion:PPCM poses substantial risks to maternal and fetal health, particularly in younger and first-time mothers. Identifying women with risk factors such as hypertensive disorders and anemia is crucial for optimizing care and improving outcomes. Enhanced monitoring and intervention strategies are necessary to address the complexities of PPCM in pregnancy.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Purpose: A simple planning technique for craniospinal irradiation using Eclipse treatment plannin... more Purpose: A simple planning technique for craniospinal irradiation using Eclipse treatment planning system.
Material and methods: In RT treatment planning, base plan optimization feature is used in sequential RT planning by anticipating the dose delivered to organ at risk (OAR) & planning target volume (PTV) in the base plan. In hybrid planning technique, the whole PTV is divided into two parts, Brain PTV & Spine PTV. Spine PTV is overlapped minimum 2-3 cm over the Brain PTV at their junction while creating structures for RT planning. Brain PTV is planned with conventional RT technique & the Spine PTV planned with rapid arc technique (VMAT). In the plan optimization process of spine PTV, first base plan is selected then the optimization parameter is set accordingly as per total prescribed dose of 36 Gy for both the PTVs. The base plan is the dose calculated plan which is incorporated in the rapid arc plan optimization hence the pre-existed doses of Brain PTV & OAR help to understand the plannerfor achieving desired planning objectives during Spine PTV, RT plan optimization. Finally for the dose calculation of Spine PTV RT plan, planner has to copy fields of Brain PTV & paste it in Spine PTV plan and need to calculate dose for these copied fields. The final plan contains a dose calculated of Brain PTV fields and Spine PTV fields termed as hybrid plan.
Result: Reduction in the total number of monitor units is observed for the hybrid plan compared to single VMAT plan, which is statistically significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Present study introduced the hybrid planning technique which can exploit benefits of conventional and modern techniques.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Zirconia (ZrO2), a crystalline dioxide of zirconium, boasts metal-like mechanical properties and ... more Zirconia (ZrO2), a crystalline dioxide of zirconium, boasts metal-like mechanical properties and a tooth-like color. Creating a ZrO2 core for prosthetic restorations necessitates a CAD/CAM system adept at handling zirconia. Resin-bonded luting is the top choice for zirconia ceramic restorations, with tribochemical treatment preferred for surface preparation before resin cement luting. Clinical trials indicate that resin cementation improves adhesion and mechanical properties of zirconia restorations. While studies on sandblastings effect on shear bond strength to zirconia exist, more data is needed on the impact of sandblasting and laser treatment on yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia. This study examines the shear bond strength of two resin cements to zirconia after Er:YAG laser treatment.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is widely used across various industries to enhance efficiency, opti... more Artificial Intelligence (AI) is widely used across various industries to enhance efficiency, optimize decision-making, and create innovative solutions and it is now transforming the field of investment decision-making. As companies and investors place a greater emphasis on ethical and sustainable practices, sustainable finance-which incorporates environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors into financial activities - is gaining global traction. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming a vital instrument in the sustainable finance, because of its ability to analyse enormous volumes of data and spot patterns that are beyond human comprehension. This research paper examines the use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools like predictive analytics, machine learning, and natural language processing,in the financial decision-making. AI can quickly evaluate ESG aspects, predict long-term sustainability risks, and pinpoint high-impact investment opportunities that are in line with sustainability objectives by automating data gathering and analysis. Furthermore, AI-driven insights promote more ethical and knowledgeable financial decision-making by helping investors better manage risks related to social inequity, resource depletion, and climate change. Even though artificial intelligence (AI) has many benefits for sustainable finance, there are drawbacks as well, including data biases, opaque algorithms, and ethical issues. The article concludes that, artificial intelligence helps in creating more precise, effective, and socially conscious financial strategies.Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly important in sustainable finance decision-making due to its ability to handle complex, large-scale data, identify patterns, and optimize decision-making processes in ways that can advance sustainability goals. However, to fully realise AIs potential in forming a sustainable future for global finance, careful governance and ethical concerns are indispensable.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
This study focused on the characterization of runoff on agricultural soils in theBandama Blanc wa... more This study focused on the characterization of runoff on agricultural soils in theBandama Blanc watershed in Badikaha, Northern Cote dIvoire. The objective was to highlight the influence of land use change on runoff. To achieve this, soil data and profiles were utilized, allowing for the analysis of the hydrological properties and characteristics of the soils in the study area using the SCS (U.S.D.A.) method. The study revealed a continuous increase in the proportions of built-up/bare soil and cultivated areas over three study periods. The respective proportions were 16%, 27%, and 48% for built-up/bare soil, and 11%, 17%, and 33% for cultivated areas in the years 1986, 2004, and 2023. Additionally, it showed that the soils in the watershed predominantly exhibit clayey texture. These findings, combined with curve numbers (CN), highlighted significant runoff occurring in the study area, with average CN values of 70.57, 57.14, and 66.67 for 1986, 2004, and 2023, respectively. It follows from these results that runoff is more pronounced in urban areas, bare soils, highly mechanized agricultural environments, and watercourses. This study demonstrated that GIS and remote sensing techniques enable large-scale determination of runoff using the SCS-CN method. Furthermore, it serves as a simple and cost-effective tool for modeling runoff.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
The current systematic review was conducted with a goal of evaluation and comparison of treatment... more The current systematic review was conducted with a goal of evaluation and comparison of treatment of intrabony defects using autogeneous bone graft with guided tissue regeneration vs the other bone grafts. Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease in which a progressive interaction between pathogenic micro-organisms and host immune system leads to destruction of tooth supporting tissues.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Glioma is an abnormal, irregularly shaped cell growth in the brain. Diagnosing glioma often relie... more Glioma is an abnormal, irregularly shaped cell growth in the brain. Diagnosing glioma often relies on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which requires precise segmentation of the tumor for effective analysis. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), such as U-Net, is widely used in medical image processing, particularly for image segmentation tasks. However, CNNs have the limitation in effectively learning spatial relationships within images. To address this, Capsule Networks (CapsNet) is introduced, utilizing capsule dynamic routing to better capture spatial hierarchies. This paper aims to investigate the performance of SegCaps, a segmentation model based on Capsule Networks, for brain glioma segmentation in MRI images, compared to the CNN-based U-Net model. Both models were tested on the BraTS2018 glioma dataset, which includes 374 MRI images of brain tumors across four modalities (T1, T1c, T2, FLAIR). The performance of SegCaps and U-Net was evaluated using two key segmentation metrics: Dice coefficient and Jaccard index. The results show that SegCaps outperformed U-Net with a Dice coefficient of 87.96% compared to U-Nets 85.56%, demonstrating a 2.4% improvement. Additionally, SegCaps required fewer parameters than the U-Net model, highlighting its efficiency. In conclusion, SegCaps can be considered as a promising alternative for glioma segmentation in MRI images. Future work could focus on refining the SegCaps model to enhance its performance while reducing computational costs.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Ureteroceles are rare congenital anomalies, occurring in about 1 in 4000 individuals, with a high... more Ureteroceles are rare congenital anomalies, occurring in about 1 in 4000 individuals, with a higher incidence in females, particularly those with a duplex renal system. The etiology and clinical presentation of ureteroceles vary, often complicating diagnosis and management. Common symptoms include antenatal hydronephrosis, vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), and recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). In cases of ectopic ureteroceles, there is a risk of significant complications, such as hypertension and renal failure, requiring timely and precise intervention. Diagnostic methods include sonography and voiding cystourethrography (VCUG), while management approaches range from minimally invasive endoscopic incisions to more complex excision and reimplantation procedures, depending on the severity. We report the case of a 1.5-month-old female infant, born via LSCS, presenting with fever and a rapidly enlarging reddish mass descending from the urethra. Initially the size of a peanut, it grew to the size of a lemon, accompanied by symptoms of straining during urination and defecation. While prenatal scans showed hydro-ureteronephrosis, postnatal imaging appeared normal until the mass emerged. Clinical suspicion of a ureterocele was confirmed through imaging studies. This case highlights the unpredictable nature of ureteroceles, emphasizing the importance of prenatal and postnatal screening. Treatment strategies must be individualized, considering the rapid progression of the condition. While endoscopic incision is favored for its minimally invasive approach, reconstructive surgery may be necessary if complications such as reflux or a duplex renal system are present. Early detection remains key to preventing long-term morbidity and improving outcomes in infants with ureteroceles.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
The Kaboua arrondissement is facing increasing challenges related to climate incidents, such as d... more The Kaboua arrondissement is facing increasing challenges related to climate incidents, such as droughts, floods, and temperature variations. These events disrupt not only traditional cropping cycles but also affect the frequency of crop regrowth, which is essential for food security and the income of local farmers. The general objective of this research is to analyze the influence of climate incidents on crop regrowth in the study area. The data used include rainfall heights from 1928 to 2018, as well as maximum and minimum temperatures from 1961 to 2018, all sourced from the Save meteorological station. This data was collected from Meteo-Benin. Additionally, a survey was conducted among the population of the Kaboua arrondissement to correlate meteorological data with local field observations. The results of this research showed that climate change alters the rainy seasons and growing periods, leading to crop losses and difficulties in maintaining sustainable crop regrowth. It is essential to emphasize that regrowth plays a key role in helping producers cope with food insecurity during the lean season. Furthermore, according to 95% of the surveyed producers, it also helps meet their financial needs. Regrowth is also crucial in the soil fertility cycle, serving as a vital link in the conservation and regeneration of nutrients necessary for crop growth. Its impact on soil health and quality is fundamental to maintaining long-term agricultural productivity.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Adolescence is the period of extensive physical, emotional, and social transformation. This artic... more Adolescence is the period of extensive physical, emotional, and social transformation. This article focuses on the primary role of effective communication within the family, especially parents and siblings influence, in shaping adolescence development. It considers how open, supportive, and sincere interactions help in identity formation, peer relationships, cognitive development, and affect regulation during this critical stage. The article draws both on Eastern and Western psychological paradigms, showing how academic psychology has evolved over the years and the main theoretical frameworks which inform our understanding of adolescent development. It is in this regard that the current study will explore the importance of effective family communication in developing a positive identity, building self-esteem, and supplying a sense of belonging. Emphasized herein is the role of parents in guiding adolescents through open discussions that will help them think critically, solve problems, and make independent decisions. Attention falls onto sibling influence in that they are in a special position to offer emotional support, companionship, and modeling behaviors. It draws from quantitative studies how family dynamics impact adolescent results. Construction and standardization processes of psychological measures are described to explain why reliable and valid instruments are needed when studying adolescent behavior and family interaction. This article concludes with the practical recommendations to enhance family communication strategies in supporting adolescent development. This integration of theoretical perspectives and empirical findings thus provides critical insights for educators, practitioners, and families seeking to promote healthy developmental trajectories among adolescents through effective communication and supportive sibling relationships.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Introduction: Decompressive craniectomy, introduced by Kocher in 1901, reduces intracranial press... more Introduction: Decompressive craniectomy, introduced by Kocher in 1901, reduces intracranial pressure by removing part of the skull. It is used in severe neurological conditions such as brain injury and stroke, allowing the swollen brain to expand, thereby reducing mortality and improving function.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of the location of intraparenchymal edema on the efficacy of decompressive craniectomy and postoperative clinical outcomes.
Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library and Scopus. This search was focused on studies related to intracranial hypertension and its neurosurgical approach.
Results: In this study, the following risk factors for mortality after decompressive craniotomy were identified: male sex, age over 50 years and late surgery. Operating between 12-24 hours improves results, especially in the non-dominant hemisphere. Correct surgical technique minimizes complications and improves the healing process of patients.
Discussions: This study demonstrates that the location of intra-abdominal edema affects the results of craniectomy, with better results in the non-dominant hemisphere. A better understanding of brain anatomy and individualization of surgical techniques are essential to reduce complications and improve surgical outcomes after stroke.
Conclusions: In conclusion, patient survival and functionality can be improved as seen from a modified Rankin scale by precise knowledge of the location of intraparenchymal edema and an approach with reduced damage to collateral structures.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Are maize-cowpea associations and organic restitution the driving force behind sustainable soil m... more Are maize-cowpea associations and organic restitution the driving force behind sustainable soil management in western Burkina Faso? Soil fertility management is one of the key factors in the sustainability of cropping systems in western Burkina Faso. With this in mind, a study was carried out on the management of crop residues, fertilization and the inclusion of legumes in the cropping system. The aim was to determine the effects of mulching, insertion of cowpeas into the cropping system and organo-mineral fertilization on soil fertility. The experimental design was a strip split plot with 4 replications and three treatments corresponding to 3 crop residue management methods, 3 cropping systems with or without maize and cowpea, and 2 types of fertilization. Trials were conducted from the 2018 to 2020 cropping seasons. Soil moisture, the number of fungal and bacterial colonies and soil chemical characteristics were determined in 2020. The results show a significant increase in soil moisture on maize-wheat association plots of 9.28 and 8.58% for the 0-20 cm depth and 6.85 and 5.31% for the 20-40 cm depth respectively compared with pure maize and cowpea cultivation. For crop residue management and fertilization, soil moisture levels were identical for all treatments. Concerning soil micro-organisms, the results show that five (05) types of fungi were identified on the different treatments: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium moniliforme, Geotrichumcandidum and Trichoderma sp. The results obtained show no significant difference between treatments at the 5% threshold, either for fungi, bacteria or soil chemical characteristics. Consequently, the maize-cowpea association can be considered a sustainable soil fertility management practice in the western region of Burkina Faso. However, the choice between recycling crop residues by mulching and applying organo-mineral fertilizer must be determined by the farms themselves, according to their socio-economic reality.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
The assembly of steel sheets using the spot-welding process is commonly used in the automotive in... more The assembly of steel sheets using the spot-welding process is commonly used in the automotive industry - notably at Renault - for the production of the chassis. The stresses encountered in service due to rough roads or driving conditions are transmitted between assembled components via the welded points. Understanding their fatigue behavior under incidental overloads is therefore essential for ensuring their service life and permanently dimensioning the structure. In the present study, an experimental test campaign was conducted to analyze the fatigue failure modes of two identical steel plates joined by welded points and loaded in tension-shear. Two high-strength steel grades (HE360D and XE360D) and one mild steel grade for deep drawing (XES) were tested either at constant amplitude, or with incidental stresses occurring at a rate of one overload cycle for every 100 cycles applied. All cycles had a load ratio of 0.1 (undulating tension). The assembly of steel sheets using the spot-welding process is commonly used in the automotive industry - notably at Renault - for the production of the chassis. The stresses encountered in service due to rough roads or driving conditions are transmitted between assembled components via the welded points. Understanding their fatigue behavior under incidental overloads is therefore essential for ensuring their service life and permanently dimensioning the structure. In the present study, an experimental test campaign was conducted to analyze the fatigue failure modes of two identical steel plates joined by welded points and loaded in tension-shear. Two high-strength steel grades (HE360D and XE360D) and one mild steel grade for deep drawing (XES) were tested either at constant amplitude, or with incidental stresses occurring at a rate of one overload cycle for every 100 cycles applied. All cycles had a load ratio of 0,1 (undulating tension). The experimental results show that periodic overloading is beneficial to fatigue life in the case of high-strength steels, whereas the effect recorded is, on the contrary, a very marked collapse in fatigue properties in the case of mild steels.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
The modern lifestyle has given rise to a number of health-related issues. A growing number of mus... more The modern lifestyle has given rise to a number of health-related issues. A growing number of musculoskeletal conditions include sciatica. Sciaticas signs and symptoms are similar to those of Gridhrasi, also known as Shoolpradhan Vatavayadhi in Ayurveda. Given that the patients gait resembles that of a vulture (gridhra) and that his legs are inflexible and slightly bowed, the disease may have derived its name from the bird gridhra. According to Sushruta, the kandara of Gridhrasi is impacted by the vitiated Vata dosha, making it difficult for the patient to extend their leg. Sciatica is an extremely painful ailment where pain radiates along the posteriolateral portion of the leg and thigh from the lumbar area. The quality of life is negatively impacted by low back discomfort, especially during ones prime working years. Since over 75% of people worldwide have had low back pain at some point in their lives, the incidence rate of low back pain is noteworthy. It is the most typical illness that keeps people from working. This illness leaves the victim partially disabled since they may not be able to stand, walk, or sit comfortably. The two basic areas of treatment in modern medicine are surgical pathology repair and pain management. The goal of Ayurvedic treatment is to rectify the underlying functional imbalance in order to restore harmony. The goal of Ayurvedic Gridhrasi treatments is to restore the imbalanced Vata or Vata Kapha to health by bringing it back to equilibrium.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
The students of the 21st century study in exclusive ways. While some students rely on experiments... more The students of the 21st century study in exclusive ways. While some students rely on experiments, facts, and data, others use techniques and tools of artificial intelligence.AI-based tools are transforming higher education by improvising learning experiences, personalizing instruction, and administrative efficiency. Adaptive learning platforms, for example, are AI-driven systems that personalize instructional content to each students needs, accommodating a wide range of learning styles and speeds. Intelligent tutoring solutions help studentsgain a deeper understanding of difficult subjects by offering them specific guidance and feedback. It undertakes several artificial intelligence methodologies and learning style models to ascertain the mastering styles of university students. Artificial intelligence approaches in higher education generate effective learning environments for university students development.To create an empirical basis for this, a survey of students was carried out to analyze the use of AI-based tools that are important to students. This quantitative paper aims to highlight the various AI tools used by university students and the challenges they face while utilizing such tools. For data collection, 60 students were interviewed by the investigator. The simple random technique of sampling will be used and the resultsof the study reveal that university students are facingvarious challenges while using AI tools.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among Indian women, with an incidence... more Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among Indian women, with an incidence of 25.8 per 100,000 women according to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Late detection is responsible for poor quality of life (QOL), and it is the leading cause of death. Studies have shown that people are positive towards AI performing assessment tasks in healthcare in general and in mammography screening. Moreover, it is challenging to implement strategies based on self-breast inspection or do mammography in rural regions or low and middle income nations for a variety of reasons.
Objective: This study was conducted to assess the perception and attitude of various female patients reporting to the radiology unit of a tertiary care centre regarding the use of Artificial Intelligence in routine mammogram screening.
Study Design: A cross sectional questionnaire based study was conducted female patients attending the radiology unit of a tertiary Care Centre in Central Kerala.
Methods: After obtaining, informed written consent was taken from the study participants. A predesigned, pretested, validated checklist was used to collect the required data. The Knowledge, attitude and practice was ascertained through Likerts scale and scoring done accordingly. Statistical tests of significance was employed to assess the possible associations between various variables with the knowledge, attitude and perceptions regarding Artifical Intelligence based Mammogram
Results: Among the 170 study subjects analysed, 68.6% had a satisfactory knowledge about Artificial intelligence. Among the 170 study subjects analysed, 86% had a good attitude about being screened through AI enabled mammogram techniques. 92% of the total study subjects registered for mammogram had done it based on self choice. The association between age and willingness to get screened was found to be statistically significant. It was also seen that there was a statistically very high significance between Knowledge regarding AI and the independent decision to get screened. There was also a statistically significant association between age and scores >60% regarding knowledge and attitude regarding the vaccination among the study subjects.
Conclusions: Majority of the study population was having a satisfactory knowledge regarding AI usage in healthcare.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
One of the hardest fought wars of all in the twentieth century was in 1973, when Egypt and Syria ... more One of the hardest fought wars of all in the twentieth century was in 1973, when Egypt and Syria launched a surprise attack on Israel on the Jewish holy day of atonement (Yom Kippur). Egypt and Syria staged this war against Israel as a response to the Arab territories Israel captured during the Six-Day War of 1967 which include the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights. The war did have a major influence on how Egypt and Israel eventually came to an agreement that resulted in Egypt receiving the Sinai Peninsula in exchange for long-term peace. The war proved costly for Israel, Egypt, and Syria, having caused momentous casualties, and having disabled or destroyed large quantities of military equipment. The study was carried out with the aid of secondary sources and internet materials. The result of the findings in this study shows that the Yom Kippur War of October 1973 was a turning point in Israelis military and strategic thought. Undeniably, the war taught all parties involved valuable lessons, but it seems that the Israelis have discussed the conflicts tactical direction, startling strategic shortcomings, and political ramifications the most. The paper concludes that the Arab-Israeli leaders in collaboration with the world superpowers need to come together to find a middle ground and a fair centre-stage where peace and harmony will be given utmost priority. This is the only way the differences between the two warring nations can be resolved.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Objectives: The aim of the study is to study presentations and clinical outcomes in patients unde... more Objectives: The aim of the study is to study presentations and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing Aortofemoral Bypass Grafting Surgery (AFB).
Design: This was a Hospital based prospective study.
Materials And Methods: During 18 months period , 20 patients (mean age = 56 years) underwent AFB. Indications comprised of occlusive disease with Intermittent Claudication (IC) (n=10), Critical Limb Ischaemia (CLI)(n=4), Resting Pain (RP) (n=4) and Tissue Loss (TL) (n=2).
Results: From Jan 2023 to June 2024, AFB was performed more frequently for IC (50%) vs rest of other indications. 30 day observations / follow up showed infection in 5%, Graft occlusion in 5% for which patient underwent emergency graft thrombectomy, Amputation in 10% due to gangrenous changes and 15% mortality. Graft patency was found to be triphasic in 90% cases. Hypertension was leading risk factor (85%) followed by Diabetes Mellitus(70%) and smoking (65%). Predictors of morbidity included CKD (25%), CAD (25%), COPD (20%), CVA (20%).90% Patients were operated via thoracotomy approach and 10% were operated via abdominal approach depending on level of aortic thrombus. 20% of patients had previous history of endovascular interventions followed by stent occlusion.
Conclusion: In era of endovascular intervention, Aortofemoral Bypass Surgery is more likely to be performed for Intermittent Claudication and graft patency has a better outcome.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
The aim of this study was to develop a critical thinking test for B.Ed. trainees. The development... more The aim of this study was to develop a critical thinking test for B.Ed. trainees. The developmentalresearchmethod was used for the construction of the test. A sample of 238 and 276 trainees were selected purposively from the various B.Ed. colleges affiliated to DAVV, Indorefor the preliminary tryout and establishing the reliability of the test respectively. Most of the Critical Thinking Tests are constructed in the foreign countries and some of tests are constructed in Indian context, but the test which are constructed in Indian context, emphasis is given on aspects related to Process of Thinking, Product of Thinking, in one tool whereas in another tools Interpretation, Analysis, Evaluation, Inference, Explanation and Self - regulation related items were included. In these tools dimensions like facts, opinion, induction-deduction reasoning are not included, so investigators decided to construct a Critical Thinking Skill Test for assessing the B.Ed. trainees Critical Thinking Skill. Content validity /face validity was used for the validation of the assessment and test-retest method was used for establishing the reliability of the test. The result showed the test was validly developed with the reliability coefficient 0.91.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
This paper examined gender related factors influencing female students academic performance in hi... more This paper examined gender related factors influencing female students academic performance in higher learning institutions in Rwanda with reference to Kibogora Polytechnic. The specific objectives were to determine the level of female students academic performance, structural cultural factors, socioeconomic conditions, and cultural factors and their effect on female students academic performance. The research surveyed female students and staff from higher learning institutions, involving 486 participants. A representative group of 220 was calculated using Yamane formula. Data was collected through semi-structured questionnaires, interviews, desk reviews, and pre-tests. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used to generate descriptive and inferential statistics. To the first objective, results revealed that 86.4% accepted female attendance rate was increased, 77.0% contended that female student has active participation in class within higher learning institutions, 76.4% accepted that there is a rate of graduation. To the second objective, the research revealed that 74.5% accepted that the existing policies influence female academic performance, 86.4 accepted that the higher learning procedures have influenced female academic performance, 87.2% show an agreement and strongly agreement respectively. The correlation coefficient r=0.522 was produced with p-value of 0.000 of a two-tailed. To the third objective, 74.5% provided positive responses concerned with the number of girls and boys in the family has influenced female academic performance, 86.4% agreed domestic work performed at home influence negatively academic performance in higher learning institutions, Findings demonstrated the association between socio-economic and the success of performance of female students was 0.820 the p-value was 0.000 for 2-tailed. To the fourth objective, the research felt that 88.0% that domestic responsibilities reduce female willingness to school and educational activities. Correlation coefficient and the p-value demonstrate the existence of significant effect of cultural factors on female student academic performance. The study recommends that the Ministry of education should establish effective female sensitive policies. The society should leave unfavorable cultural norms and hand habits that affect female students in higher learning institutions owing to their effect in lowering self-confidence and academic target. Further studies should investigate effect creating awareness on female education at all level and to establish the forums to debate on societal factors hindering girls education.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Background:Peripartum cardiomyopathy(PPCM) is characterized by the onset of heart failure due to ... more Background:Peripartum cardiomyopathy(PPCM) is characterized by the onset of heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction in late pregnancy or shortly after delivery. The incidence of PPCM varies widely globally, with reports ranging from 1 in 100-15000 pregnancies This study aims to evaluate the incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of PPCM in a cohort of women at Basaweshwara General and Teaching Hospital, Kalaburgi.
Methods:A retrospective observational study was conducted over one year (January 1 to December 31, 2023). Inclusion criteria were based on NHLBI standards for diagnosing PPCM, while patients with preexisting cardiac conditions, liver disorders, and malignancies were excluded. Data were collected from hospital records, focusing on demographics, clinical presentations,echocardiographic findings, complications, and outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version22.
Results:Among 2,200 deliveries, 12 cases of PPCM were identified, yielding an incidence of 0.55%. The mean age of affected women was 26.33 years, with 66% being primigravida. A significant proportion (58.33%) presented with hypertensive disorders.Maternal outcomes included a 25% mortality rate and high rates of cesarean delivery (83.33%).Neonatal outcomes were concerning, with 58.33% of infants requiring NICU admission and 16.66% experiencing intrauterine death.
Conclusion:PPCM poses substantial risks to maternal and fetal health, particularly in younger and first-time mothers. Identifying women with risk factors such as hypertensive disorders and anemia is crucial for optimizing care and improving outcomes. Enhanced monitoring and intervention strategies are necessary to address the complexities of PPCM in pregnancy.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Purpose: A simple planning technique for craniospinal irradiation using Eclipse treatment plannin... more Purpose: A simple planning technique for craniospinal irradiation using Eclipse treatment planning system.
Material and methods: In RT treatment planning, base plan optimization feature is used in sequential RT planning by anticipating the dose delivered to organ at risk (OAR) & planning target volume (PTV) in the base plan. In hybrid planning technique, the whole PTV is divided into two parts, Brain PTV & Spine PTV. Spine PTV is overlapped minimum 2-3 cm over the Brain PTV at their junction while creating structures for RT planning. Brain PTV is planned with conventional RT technique & the Spine PTV planned with rapid arc technique (VMAT). In the plan optimization process of spine PTV, first base plan is selected then the optimization parameter is set accordingly as per total prescribed dose of 36 Gy for both the PTVs. The base plan is the dose calculated plan which is incorporated in the rapid arc plan optimization hence the pre-existed doses of Brain PTV & OAR help to understand the plannerfor achieving desired planning objectives during Spine PTV, RT plan optimization. Finally for the dose calculation of Spine PTV RT plan, planner has to copy fields of Brain PTV & paste it in Spine PTV plan and need to calculate dose for these copied fields. The final plan contains a dose calculated of Brain PTV fields and Spine PTV fields termed as hybrid plan.
Result: Reduction in the total number of monitor units is observed for the hybrid plan compared to single VMAT plan, which is statistically significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Present study introduced the hybrid planning technique which can exploit benefits of conventional and modern techniques.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Zirconia (ZrO2), a crystalline dioxide of zirconium, boasts metal-like mechanical properties and ... more Zirconia (ZrO2), a crystalline dioxide of zirconium, boasts metal-like mechanical properties and a tooth-like color. Creating a ZrO2 core for prosthetic restorations necessitates a CAD/CAM system adept at handling zirconia. Resin-bonded luting is the top choice for zirconia ceramic restorations, with tribochemical treatment preferred for surface preparation before resin cement luting. Clinical trials indicate that resin cementation improves adhesion and mechanical properties of zirconia restorations. While studies on sandblastings effect on shear bond strength to zirconia exist, more data is needed on the impact of sandblasting and laser treatment on yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia. This study examines the shear bond strength of two resin cements to zirconia after Er:YAG laser treatment.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is widely used across various industries to enhance efficiency, opti... more Artificial Intelligence (AI) is widely used across various industries to enhance efficiency, optimize decision-making, and create innovative solutions and it is now transforming the field of investment decision-making. As companies and investors place a greater emphasis on ethical and sustainable practices, sustainable finance-which incorporates environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors into financial activities - is gaining global traction. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming a vital instrument in the sustainable finance, because of its ability to analyse enormous volumes of data and spot patterns that are beyond human comprehension. This research paper examines the use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools like predictive analytics, machine learning, and natural language processing,in the financial decision-making. AI can quickly evaluate ESG aspects, predict long-term sustainability risks, and pinpoint high-impact investment opportunities that are in line with sustainability objectives by automating data gathering and analysis. Furthermore, AI-driven insights promote more ethical and knowledgeable financial decision-making by helping investors better manage risks related to social inequity, resource depletion, and climate change. Even though artificial intelligence (AI) has many benefits for sustainable finance, there are drawbacks as well, including data biases, opaque algorithms, and ethical issues. The article concludes that, artificial intelligence helps in creating more precise, effective, and socially conscious financial strategies.Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly important in sustainable finance decision-making due to its ability to handle complex, large-scale data, identify patterns, and optimize decision-making processes in ways that can advance sustainability goals. However, to fully realise AIs potential in forming a sustainable future for global finance, careful governance and ethical concerns are indispensable.
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
This study focused on the characterization of runoff on agricultural soils in theBandama Blanc wa... more This study focused on the characterization of runoff on agricultural soils in theBandama Blanc watershed in Badikaha, Northern Cote dIvoire. The objective was to highlight the influence of land use change on runoff. To achieve this, soil data and profiles were utilized, allowing for the analysis of the hydrological properties and characteristics of the soils in the study area using the SCS (U.S.D.A.) method. The study revealed a continuous increase in the proportions of built-up/bare soil and cultivated areas over three study periods. The respective proportions were 16%, 27%, and 48% for built-up/bare soil, and 11%, 17%, and 33% for cultivated areas in the years 1986, 2004, and 2023. Additionally, it showed that the soils in the watershed predominantly exhibit clayey texture. These findings, combined with curve numbers (CN), highlighted significant runoff occurring in the study area, with average CN values of 70.57, 57.14, and 66.67 for 1986, 2004, and 2023, respectively. It follows from these results that runoff is more pronounced in urban areas, bare soils, highly mechanized agricultural environments, and watercourses. This study demonstrated that GIS and remote sensing techniques enable large-scale determination of runoff using the SCS-CN method. Furthermore, it serves as a simple and cost-effective tool for modeling runoff.
The notion of pseudo injectivity relative to a class of finitely generated subsystems namely pseu... more The notion of pseudo injectivity relative to a class of finitely generated subsystems namely pseudo finitely quasi injective systems over monoidsis introduced and studied which is proper generalization of pseudo injective systems. Several properties of this kind of generalization as well as their characterizations are discussed. Conditions under which subsystems of pseudo finitely quasi injective system inherit this property. The relationship between the classes of pseudo finitely quasi injective with other classes of injectivity are studied.
Background: Jaundice is an important problem in the first week of life. It is a cause of concern ... more Background: Jaundice is an important problem in the first week of life. It is a cause of concern for the physician and a source of anxiety for the parents. Fibrates can increase bilirubin conjugation and excretion via induction of glucuronyltransferase activity. Methods: Forty full term neonates admitted to the \"N.I.C.U.\" of Benha Children Hospital suffering from neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia. Twenty neonates received fenofibrate (10 mg/kg) as adjuvant therapy in addition to phototherapy while the other twenty neonates received phototherapy alone. Results: we found that neonates treated with fenofibrate and phototherapy had 5.3 mean NICU stay which is shorter than NICU stay of neonates treated with phototherapy alone whose admission duration mean was 5.8 . Conclusion:Our study revealed that use of fenofibrate in addition to phototherapy has additional benefit regarding time of stay and rate of bilirubin reduction in comparison to treatment with phototherapy alone.