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Papers by Julie Nyman

Research paper thumbnail of A Conversation with Mona Minkara

A Conversation with Mona Minkara

ACS Central Science

Research paper thumbnail of Incidence of Optic Neuritis and the Associated Risk of Multiple Sclerosis for Service Members of U.S. Armed Forces

Incidence of Optic Neuritis and the Associated Risk of Multiple Sclerosis for Service Members of U.S. Armed Forces

INTRODUCTION Optic neuritis (ON), an acute inflammation of the optic nerve resulting in eye pain ... more INTRODUCTION Optic neuritis (ON), an acute inflammation of the optic nerve resulting in eye pain and temporary vision loss, is one of the leading causes of vision-related hospital bed days in the U.S. Military and may be a harbinger of multiple sclerosis (MS). We developed a case identification algorithm to estimate incidence rates of ON and the conversion rate to MS based on a retrospective assessment of medical records of service members (SMs) of the U.S. Armed Force. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic medical records (EMRs) from 2006 to 2018 in the Defense Medical Surveillance System were screened using the case identification algorithms for ON and MS diagnosis. The incidences rates of ON were calculated. The rates of conversion to MS was modeled using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS The overall incidence rate of ON was 8.1 per 100,000 from 2006 to 2018. Females had a rate (16.9 per 100,000) three times higher than males. Most (68%) of subsequent diagnoses of MS were ma...

Research paper thumbnail of Structural insights of the conserved “priming loop” of hepatitis B virus pre-genomic RNA

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics

Initiation of protein-primed (-) strand DNA synthesis in hepatitis B virus (HBV) requires interac... more Initiation of protein-primed (-) strand DNA synthesis in hepatitis B virus (HBV) requires interaction of the viral polymerase with a cis-acting regulatory signal, designated epsilon (e), located at the 5 0-end of its pre-genomic RNA (pgRNA). Binding of polymerase to e is also necessary for pgRNA encapsidation. While the mechanistic basis of this interaction remains elusive, mutagenesis studies suggest its internal 6-nt "priming loop" provides an important structural contribution. e might therefore be considered a promising target for small molecule interventions to complement current nucleoside-analog based anti-HBV therapies. An ideal prerequisite to any RNA-directed small molecule strategy would be a detailed structural description of this important element. Herein, we present a solution NMR structure for HBV e which, in combination with molecular dynamics and docking simulations, reports on a flexible ligand "pocket", reminiscent of those observed in proteins. We also demonstrate the binding of the selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) Raloxifene, Bazedoxifene, and a de novo derivative to the priming loop.

Research paper thumbnail of A Conversation with Mona Minkara

A Conversation with Mona Minkara

ACS Central Science

Research paper thumbnail of Incidence of Optic Neuritis and the Associated Risk of Multiple Sclerosis for Service Members of U.S. Armed Forces

Incidence of Optic Neuritis and the Associated Risk of Multiple Sclerosis for Service Members of U.S. Armed Forces

INTRODUCTION Optic neuritis (ON), an acute inflammation of the optic nerve resulting in eye pain ... more INTRODUCTION Optic neuritis (ON), an acute inflammation of the optic nerve resulting in eye pain and temporary vision loss, is one of the leading causes of vision-related hospital bed days in the U.S. Military and may be a harbinger of multiple sclerosis (MS). We developed a case identification algorithm to estimate incidence rates of ON and the conversion rate to MS based on a retrospective assessment of medical records of service members (SMs) of the U.S. Armed Force. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic medical records (EMRs) from 2006 to 2018 in the Defense Medical Surveillance System were screened using the case identification algorithms for ON and MS diagnosis. The incidences rates of ON were calculated. The rates of conversion to MS was modeled using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS The overall incidence rate of ON was 8.1 per 100,000 from 2006 to 2018. Females had a rate (16.9 per 100,000) three times higher than males. Most (68%) of subsequent diagnoses of MS were ma...

Research paper thumbnail of Structural insights of the conserved “priming loop” of hepatitis B virus pre-genomic RNA

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics

Initiation of protein-primed (-) strand DNA synthesis in hepatitis B virus (HBV) requires interac... more Initiation of protein-primed (-) strand DNA synthesis in hepatitis B virus (HBV) requires interaction of the viral polymerase with a cis-acting regulatory signal, designated epsilon (e), located at the 5 0-end of its pre-genomic RNA (pgRNA). Binding of polymerase to e is also necessary for pgRNA encapsidation. While the mechanistic basis of this interaction remains elusive, mutagenesis studies suggest its internal 6-nt "priming loop" provides an important structural contribution. e might therefore be considered a promising target for small molecule interventions to complement current nucleoside-analog based anti-HBV therapies. An ideal prerequisite to any RNA-directed small molecule strategy would be a detailed structural description of this important element. Herein, we present a solution NMR structure for HBV e which, in combination with molecular dynamics and docking simulations, reports on a flexible ligand "pocket", reminiscent of those observed in proteins. We also demonstrate the binding of the selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) Raloxifene, Bazedoxifene, and a de novo derivative to the priming loop.

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