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Papers by Kusyanto Kusyanto

Research paper thumbnail of Pemanfaatan Abu Sekam Padi menjadi Katalis Heterogen dalam Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Sawit

Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry, Jun 30, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of H2SO4 Concentration and Micro Wave Power in Microwave Assisted Hydrolysis of Furfural Production from Empty Palm Fruit Bunches

Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan, Aug 21, 2019

Empty fruit bunches (EFB), which are wastes from fresh palm fruit bunches, are one of organic was... more Empty fruit bunches (EFB), which are wastes from fresh palm fruit bunches, are one of organic wastes from palm oil processing industries as much as 23% of the total production. The utilization of this waste, which has a high economic value, is still not optimum although it has been used as a boiler fuel. In fact, EFB has a high economic value if processed further. The EFB as a waste can be processed using hydrolysis method to obtain its pentosan content and changed into furfural with the addition of acid as a catalyst. The objectives of this research are to find out the optimum yield on the sulfuric acid concentration and the effects of the power of microwaves used on hydrolysis process of EFB. On this hydrolysis process, 10 grams of EFB was added with 250ml of sulfuric acid with the variations of 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, 15%, and 18%, and microwave was used with the power variations of 400W, 600W, and 800W for 75 minutes. The analysis method used in this study to determine the furfural contentis Gas Chromatography (GC). The results showed the highest furfural content was obtained at H2SO4 concentration of 9% with 800W power on the microwave and the concentration of 0.39 mg/mL and furfural yield of 0.9620%.

Research paper thumbnail of Pemanfaatan Kulit Kacang Tanah Dan Bambu Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Biobriket Dengan Metode Karbonisasi

Distilat: Jurnal Teknologi Separasi, May 22, 2023

Kalimantan Timur menghasilkan kacang tanah sebanyak 654 ton pada tahun 2020, sementara itu produk... more Kalimantan Timur menghasilkan kacang tanah sebanyak 654 ton pada tahun 2020, sementara itu produksi bambu di Indonesia pada tahun 2019 sekitar 17,1 miliar batang. Perlu pengolahan bahan agar dapat digunakan menjadi biobriket. Biobriket merupakan sumber energi terbarukan dan ekonomis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan pencampuran biomassa kulit kacang tanah dan bambu terhadap kualitas biobriket berdasarkan standar SNI 01-6235-2000. Karbonisasi dilakukan pada kulit kacang tanah 450°C dan bambu 500°C selama 60 menit. Arang dihaluskan kemudian diayak lebih kecil dari 70 mesh. Arang kulit kacang tanah (KK) dan bambu (

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Konsentrasi CH3COOH Pada Pembuatan Pulp Dari Batang Pisang Dengan Bantuan Gelombang Mikro

Seminar Nasional Hasil Penelitian & Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (SNP2M), Nov 30, 2020

The potential number of banana stems in Samarinda reaches approximately 36.48 tons / year. Until ... more The potential number of banana stems in Samarinda reaches approximately 36.48 tons / year. Until now most people only use banana stems as animal feed, so processing is needed to increase the economic value of banana stems. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of microwave power in minimizing the concentration of CH3COOH cooking solution needed in the process so that it still produces pulp products that comply with SNI 0698: 2010. In this study, pulp can be obtained by hydrolyzing 10gr of banana stems dissolved in 200ml CH3COOH for 60 minutes with a reaction temperature of 130 ℃. The delignification and hydrolysis process is assisted by microwaves with variations in power (150,300,450) watts and variations in the concentration of the CH3COOH cooking solution (20,30,40,50,60,70)%. The results showed the higher the microwave power and the higher the concentration of the CH3COOH cooking solution used, the lower the pulp yield obtained. The highest pulp obtained reached 85.01% at 150 watts of power with a 20% CH3COOH cooking solution concentration, with a characteristic value of cellulose content of 42.58% and lignin content of 16.64%

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Metode Ultrasonikasi Pada Pembuatan Dye -Sensitized Solar Cell Dengan Dye Antosianin Dari Ekstrak Kulit Manggis

Seminar Nasional Hasil Penelitian & Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (SNP2M), Nov 30, 2020

Increasing demand of energy consumption enforces the development of alternative energy source. Dy... more Increasing demand of energy consumption enforces the development of alternative energy source. Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSCC) is a promising alternative for solar cell application of future generation. DSSC consists of semiconductor electrodes, dyes, opponent electrode and electrolyte. This research tries to make DSSC prototype by using mangosteen peel extract as dye sensitizer and TiO2 semiconductor material as a photoelectrode has been conducted. Mangosteen peel contains of anthocyanin pigmented which is useful as fotosensitizer on DSSC. The solar cell is constructed in sandwich system. TiO2 layer was deposited on top of a ITO glass by doctor blade method and subsequently the TiO2 electrode will be immersion into the dye sensitizer mangosteen peel extract using ultrasonication method. A Counter electrode, carbon is placed on the layer of TiO2-mangosteen peel dye with the electrolyte is located between the both electrode. Anthocyanin dye was made by diluting 40 gr of mangosteen peel in etanol 96% + HCl 1 M, then saved in dark place about 3 days for maceration extraction. The purpose of this research was to determinate the effect of TiO2 paste immersed in the dye using with and without ultrasonication times on the efficiency of DSSC. TiO2 paste immersed in dye material synthized from mangosteen peel for 60s, 120s and 180s using with and without ultrasonication. The result of this research that DSSC using with and without ultrasonication produces the best efficiency 0,33% and 0,12% for each at 180s. DSSC efficiency examination showed that the longer immersion time, then the efficiency generated was higher as well. Therefore, ultrasonication method that has been given will improve the efficiency value of DSSC system.

Research paper thumbnail of Pemanfaatan Kulit Kacang Tanah Dan Bambu Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Biobriket Dengan Metode Karbonisasi

DISTILAT: Jurnal Teknologi Separasi

Kalimantan Timur menghasilkan kacang tanah sebanyak 654 ton pada tahun 2020, sementara itu produk... more Kalimantan Timur menghasilkan kacang tanah sebanyak 654 ton pada tahun 2020, sementara itu produksi bambu di Indonesia pada tahun 2019 sekitar 17,1 miliar batang. Perlu pengolahan bahan agar dapat digunakan menjadi biobriket. Biobriket merupakan sumber energi terbarukan dan ekonomis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan pencampuran biomassa kulit kacang tanah dan bambu terhadap kualitas biobriket berdasarkan standar SNI 01-6235-2000. Karbonisasi dilakukan pada kulit kacang tanah 450°C dan bambu 500°C selama 60 menit. Arang dihaluskan kemudian diayak lebih kecil dari 70 mesh. Arang kulit kacang tanah (KK) dan bambu (B) ditimbang 20 gram dengan komposisi 100%KK, 80%KK : 20%B, 60%KK : 40%B, 50%KK : 50%B , 40%KK : 60%B, 20%KK : 80%B, 100%B. Arang dicampurkan dengan perekat kanji 5 % dari massa arang (1 gr kanji : air 25 ml). Dikeringkan pada suhu 80°C selama 24 jam. Hasil kombinasi terbaik didapatkan pada kulit kacang tanah 20% dan bambu 80% dengan ni...

Research paper thumbnail of PENGARUH UKURAN BAHAN BAKU ECENG GONDOK (Eichornia crassipes) DAN WAKTU HIDROLISIS PADA PROSES PEMBUATAN KERTAS

JURNAL TEKNIK KIMIA VOKASIONAL (JIMSI)

Hyacinth populations that disturb water areas can be reduced by utilizing water hyacinths as raw ... more Hyacinth populations that disturb water areas can be reduced by utilizing water hyacinths as raw materials for papermaking because hyacinths have a cellulose content of 24.5% which has the potential to produce good quality paper. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of raw material size and hydrolysis time on the papermaking process in accordance with ISO 11108: 1996 and SNI 0698: 2010 by varying the size of water hyacinth raw materials namely 0.1 cm, 1-2 cm, and utuh and hydrolysis time of 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 minutes using the reflux heating method. The optimum hydrolysis time and raw material size were obtained at 150 minutes and a variation in the size of the raw material of utuh with a cellulose content of 56.83%, moisture content of 6.01%, and paper tear resistance of 1856.79 mN.

Research paper thumbnail of Pemanfaatan Cangkang Buah Karet Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Arang Aktif

processed as activated charcoal using charcoalization and activation processes because it contain... more processed as activated charcoal using charcoalization and activation processes because it contains lignin of 33.54%. Activated charcoal is used as an adsorbent, gas purification and a catalyst. This study aims to determine the effect of the temperature of charcoalization on the quality of activated charcoal based on SNI 06-3730-1995 standard. With the variations of charcoalization temperature of 300°C, 400°C, 500°C, 600°C, and 700°C for 1 hour with material mass of 360 gram for each temperature variation, chemical activation using sulfuric acid of 7% for 1 hour and activation of physics with the temperature of 600°C for 1 hour. The best results showed at a temperature of 500°C with rendement of 21.39%, water content of 12.78%, ash content of 12.78%,, volatile matter content of 17.18%, the absorption of iodine 1096.59 mg/g. Moreover, an analysis using SEM pores before activation was 2.92 μm and after activation was 15.41 μm. Activated charcoal before and after activation experienced ...

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Konsentrasi CH3COOH Pada Pembuatan Pulp Dari Batang Pisang Dengan Bantuan Gelombang Mikro

Seminar Nasional Hasil Penelitian & Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (SNP2M), Nov 30, 2020

The potential number of banana stems in Samarinda reaches approximately 36.48 tons / year. Until ... more The potential number of banana stems in Samarinda reaches approximately 36.48 tons / year. Until now most people only use banana stems as animal feed, so processing is needed to increase the economic value of banana stems. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of microwave power in minimizing the concentration of CH3COOH cooking solution needed in the process so that it still produces pulp products that comply with SNI 0698: 2010. In this study, pulp can be obtained by hydrolyzing 10gr of banana stems dissolved in 200ml CH3COOH for 60 minutes with a reaction temperature of 130 ℃. The delignification and hydrolysis process is assisted by microwaves with variations in power (150,300,450) watts and variations in the concentration of the CH3COOH cooking solution (20,30,40,50,60,70)%. The results showed the higher the microwave power and the higher the concentration of the CH3COOH cooking solution used, the lower the pulp yield obtained. The highest pulp obtained reached 85.01% at 150 watts of power with a 20% CH3COOH cooking solution concentration, with a characteristic value of cellulose content of 42.58% and lignin content of 16.64%

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Metode Ultrasonikasi Pada Pembuatan Dye -Sensitized Solar Cell Dengan Dye Antosianin Dari Ekstrak Kulit Manggis

Seminar Nasional Hasil Penelitian & Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (SNP2M), Nov 30, 2020

Increasing demand of energy consumption enforces the development of alternative energy source. Dy... more Increasing demand of energy consumption enforces the development of alternative energy source. Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSCC) is a promising alternative for solar cell application of future generation. DSSC consists of semiconductor electrodes, dyes, opponent electrode and electrolyte. This research tries to make DSSC prototype by using mangosteen peel extract as dye sensitizer and TiO2 semiconductor material as a photoelectrode has been conducted. Mangosteen peel contains of anthocyanin pigmented which is useful as fotosensitizer on DSSC. The solar cell is constructed in sandwich system. TiO2 layer was deposited on top of a ITO glass by doctor blade method and subsequently the TiO2 electrode will be immersion into the dye sensitizer mangosteen peel extract using ultrasonication method. A Counter electrode, carbon is placed on the layer of TiO2-mangosteen peel dye with the electrolyte is located between the both electrode. Anthocyanin dye was made by diluting 40 gr of mangosteen peel in etanol 96% + HCl 1 M, then saved in dark place about 3 days for maceration extraction. The purpose of this research was to determinate the effect of TiO2 paste immersed in the dye using with and without ultrasonication times on the efficiency of DSSC. TiO2 paste immersed in dye material synthized from mangosteen peel for 60s, 120s and 180s using with and without ultrasonication. The result of this research that DSSC using with and without ultrasonication produces the best efficiency 0,33% and 0,12% for each at 180s. DSSC efficiency examination showed that the longer immersion time, then the efficiency generated was higher as well. Therefore, ultrasonication method that has been given will improve the efficiency value of DSSC system.

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Daya Microwave Terhadap Peningkatan Rendemen Minyak Nilam (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) Dengan Destilasi Steam – Air Menggunakan Gelombang Mikro

Patchouli oil is one of the essential oils. To optimize the potential of essential oil, it is nec... more Patchouli oil is one of the essential oils. To optimize the potential of essential oil, it is necessary to make efforts to raise the rendement. One way is to improve the distillation technique and the operating distillation process which is able to produce higher rendement. This research was conducted using steam-hydro distillation method by microwave with variation of microwave power to the rendement. The ratio of raw material - water used were 1:1 (m / v) and power variations were 100, 264, 400, 600, and 800 Watt. The weight of patchouli leaves and stem is 100 gram and put into the distillation flask, then water is added by 100 mL, after which the steam was flowed into the distillation gourd of the steam generator with the flow rate of 5 ml/min, then the microwave power was adjusted according to the specified variables. Based on the research result, the highest rendement of 2.47% was obtained with the microwave power of 800 Watt. The quality of the rendement has met SNI 06-2388-2006.

Research paper thumbnail of Pemanfaatan Gelombang Mikro Dalam Ekstraksi Antosianin Dari Kulit Buah Naga Sebagai Pengganti Rhodamin B Untuk Sediaan Pewarna Bibir Alami

Today, microwave can be used in various chemical processes. The advantage of microwaves is able t... more Today, microwave can be used in various chemical processes. The advantage of microwaves is able to deliver energy directly to the material. One of microwave application is the extraction process of natural materials. Microwaves can be used to reduce extraction process time of the anthocyanin from the dragon fruit skin. This research aims to determine the solvent extracted effect to the anthocyanin extraction of dragon fruit skin using microwaves. The solvent used was 95% ethanol, 85% ethanol, 75% ethanol, 95% ethanol –citric acid, 85% ethanol -acids and 75% - citric acid ethanol to the anthocyanin extraction results of dragon fruit skin extracted using microwaves. The consumption of microwave power is 400 watt with 50 gram of dragon fruits skin. Then, anthocyanin extracts are mixe with supporting materials to be made as lipstick and proposed for topical and favorite test. The best yield can be obtained by using ethanol-citric acid solvent at 25,031%.

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Perbandingan Pelarut Dan Bahan Baku Terhadap Peningkatan Rendemen Minyak Nilam (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) Dengan Destilasi – Air Menggunakan Gelombang Mikro

Minyak nilam mengandung Patchouli Alcohol yang banyak digunakan pada industri parfum dan kosmetik... more Minyak nilam mengandung Patchouli Alcohol yang banyak digunakan pada industri parfum dan kosmetik. Indonesia merupakan produsen minyak nilam terbesar di dunia, namun pada kenyataanya rendemen dan kualitas minyak nilam di indonesia saat ini masih perlu terus ditingkatkan agar sesuai SNI Minyak nilam 06-2385-2006. Kurang optimalnya pencapaian kuantitas dan kualitas minyak nilam sesuai permintaan pasar minyak nilam dunia, menyebabkan pasar minyak nilam Indonesia semakin menurun. Metode penyulingan minyak nilam dengan menggunakan pemanas gelombang mikro merupakan salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kuantitas dan kualitas minyak nilam di Indonesia. Pada penelitian ini, variabel penelitian yang digunakan meliputi perbandingan antara bahan baku dan pelarut yaitu 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 dan 1:5 pada daya mikrowave 600 watt dan membandingkan % Rendemen minyak nilam yang diperoleh dengan metode destilasi – air dengan menggunakan mikrowave pada waktu destilasi 180 menit dan metode destilasi – air ...

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of H2SO4 Concentration and Micro Wave Power in Microwave Assisted Hydrolysis of Furfural Production from Empty Palm Fruit Bunches

Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan

Empty fruit bunches (EFB), which are wastes from fresh palm fruit bunches, are one of organic was... more Empty fruit bunches (EFB), which are wastes from fresh palm fruit bunches, are one of organic wastes from palm oil processing industries as much as 23% of the total production. The utilization of this waste, which has a high economic value, is still not optimum although it has been used as a boiler fuel. In fact, EFB has a high economic value if processed further. The EFB as a waste can be processed using hydrolysis method to obtain its pentosan content and changed into furfural with the addition of acid as a catalyst. The objectives of this research are to find out the optimum yield on the sulfuric acid concentration and the effects of the power of microwaves used on hydrolysis process of EFB. On this hydrolysis process, 10 grams of EFB was added with 250ml of sulfuric acid with the variations of 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, 15%, and 18%, and microwave was used with the power variations of 400W, 600W, and 800W for 75 minutes. The analysis method used in this study to determine the furfural co...

Research paper thumbnail of Pemanfaatan Abu Sekam Padi menjadi Katalis Heterogen dalam Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Sawit

Journal Of Tropical Pharmacy And Chemistry

Research paper thumbnail of Pemanfaatan Abu Sekam Padi menjadi Katalis Heterogen dalam Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Sawit

Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry, Jun 30, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of H2SO4 Concentration and Micro Wave Power in Microwave Assisted Hydrolysis of Furfural Production from Empty Palm Fruit Bunches

Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan, Aug 21, 2019

Empty fruit bunches (EFB), which are wastes from fresh palm fruit bunches, are one of organic was... more Empty fruit bunches (EFB), which are wastes from fresh palm fruit bunches, are one of organic wastes from palm oil processing industries as much as 23% of the total production. The utilization of this waste, which has a high economic value, is still not optimum although it has been used as a boiler fuel. In fact, EFB has a high economic value if processed further. The EFB as a waste can be processed using hydrolysis method to obtain its pentosan content and changed into furfural with the addition of acid as a catalyst. The objectives of this research are to find out the optimum yield on the sulfuric acid concentration and the effects of the power of microwaves used on hydrolysis process of EFB. On this hydrolysis process, 10 grams of EFB was added with 250ml of sulfuric acid with the variations of 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, 15%, and 18%, and microwave was used with the power variations of 400W, 600W, and 800W for 75 minutes. The analysis method used in this study to determine the furfural contentis Gas Chromatography (GC). The results showed the highest furfural content was obtained at H2SO4 concentration of 9% with 800W power on the microwave and the concentration of 0.39 mg/mL and furfural yield of 0.9620%.

Research paper thumbnail of Pemanfaatan Kulit Kacang Tanah Dan Bambu Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Biobriket Dengan Metode Karbonisasi

Distilat: Jurnal Teknologi Separasi, May 22, 2023

Kalimantan Timur menghasilkan kacang tanah sebanyak 654 ton pada tahun 2020, sementara itu produk... more Kalimantan Timur menghasilkan kacang tanah sebanyak 654 ton pada tahun 2020, sementara itu produksi bambu di Indonesia pada tahun 2019 sekitar 17,1 miliar batang. Perlu pengolahan bahan agar dapat digunakan menjadi biobriket. Biobriket merupakan sumber energi terbarukan dan ekonomis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan pencampuran biomassa kulit kacang tanah dan bambu terhadap kualitas biobriket berdasarkan standar SNI 01-6235-2000. Karbonisasi dilakukan pada kulit kacang tanah 450°C dan bambu 500°C selama 60 menit. Arang dihaluskan kemudian diayak lebih kecil dari 70 mesh. Arang kulit kacang tanah (KK) dan bambu (

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Konsentrasi CH3COOH Pada Pembuatan Pulp Dari Batang Pisang Dengan Bantuan Gelombang Mikro

Seminar Nasional Hasil Penelitian & Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (SNP2M), Nov 30, 2020

The potential number of banana stems in Samarinda reaches approximately 36.48 tons / year. Until ... more The potential number of banana stems in Samarinda reaches approximately 36.48 tons / year. Until now most people only use banana stems as animal feed, so processing is needed to increase the economic value of banana stems. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of microwave power in minimizing the concentration of CH3COOH cooking solution needed in the process so that it still produces pulp products that comply with SNI 0698: 2010. In this study, pulp can be obtained by hydrolyzing 10gr of banana stems dissolved in 200ml CH3COOH for 60 minutes with a reaction temperature of 130 ℃. The delignification and hydrolysis process is assisted by microwaves with variations in power (150,300,450) watts and variations in the concentration of the CH3COOH cooking solution (20,30,40,50,60,70)%. The results showed the higher the microwave power and the higher the concentration of the CH3COOH cooking solution used, the lower the pulp yield obtained. The highest pulp obtained reached 85.01% at 150 watts of power with a 20% CH3COOH cooking solution concentration, with a characteristic value of cellulose content of 42.58% and lignin content of 16.64%

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Metode Ultrasonikasi Pada Pembuatan Dye -Sensitized Solar Cell Dengan Dye Antosianin Dari Ekstrak Kulit Manggis

Seminar Nasional Hasil Penelitian & Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (SNP2M), Nov 30, 2020

Increasing demand of energy consumption enforces the development of alternative energy source. Dy... more Increasing demand of energy consumption enforces the development of alternative energy source. Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSCC) is a promising alternative for solar cell application of future generation. DSSC consists of semiconductor electrodes, dyes, opponent electrode and electrolyte. This research tries to make DSSC prototype by using mangosteen peel extract as dye sensitizer and TiO2 semiconductor material as a photoelectrode has been conducted. Mangosteen peel contains of anthocyanin pigmented which is useful as fotosensitizer on DSSC. The solar cell is constructed in sandwich system. TiO2 layer was deposited on top of a ITO glass by doctor blade method and subsequently the TiO2 electrode will be immersion into the dye sensitizer mangosteen peel extract using ultrasonication method. A Counter electrode, carbon is placed on the layer of TiO2-mangosteen peel dye with the electrolyte is located between the both electrode. Anthocyanin dye was made by diluting 40 gr of mangosteen peel in etanol 96% + HCl 1 M, then saved in dark place about 3 days for maceration extraction. The purpose of this research was to determinate the effect of TiO2 paste immersed in the dye using with and without ultrasonication times on the efficiency of DSSC. TiO2 paste immersed in dye material synthized from mangosteen peel for 60s, 120s and 180s using with and without ultrasonication. The result of this research that DSSC using with and without ultrasonication produces the best efficiency 0,33% and 0,12% for each at 180s. DSSC efficiency examination showed that the longer immersion time, then the efficiency generated was higher as well. Therefore, ultrasonication method that has been given will improve the efficiency value of DSSC system.

Research paper thumbnail of Pemanfaatan Kulit Kacang Tanah Dan Bambu Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Biobriket Dengan Metode Karbonisasi

DISTILAT: Jurnal Teknologi Separasi

Kalimantan Timur menghasilkan kacang tanah sebanyak 654 ton pada tahun 2020, sementara itu produk... more Kalimantan Timur menghasilkan kacang tanah sebanyak 654 ton pada tahun 2020, sementara itu produksi bambu di Indonesia pada tahun 2019 sekitar 17,1 miliar batang. Perlu pengolahan bahan agar dapat digunakan menjadi biobriket. Biobriket merupakan sumber energi terbarukan dan ekonomis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan pencampuran biomassa kulit kacang tanah dan bambu terhadap kualitas biobriket berdasarkan standar SNI 01-6235-2000. Karbonisasi dilakukan pada kulit kacang tanah 450°C dan bambu 500°C selama 60 menit. Arang dihaluskan kemudian diayak lebih kecil dari 70 mesh. Arang kulit kacang tanah (KK) dan bambu (B) ditimbang 20 gram dengan komposisi 100%KK, 80%KK : 20%B, 60%KK : 40%B, 50%KK : 50%B , 40%KK : 60%B, 20%KK : 80%B, 100%B. Arang dicampurkan dengan perekat kanji 5 % dari massa arang (1 gr kanji : air 25 ml). Dikeringkan pada suhu 80°C selama 24 jam. Hasil kombinasi terbaik didapatkan pada kulit kacang tanah 20% dan bambu 80% dengan ni...

Research paper thumbnail of PENGARUH UKURAN BAHAN BAKU ECENG GONDOK (Eichornia crassipes) DAN WAKTU HIDROLISIS PADA PROSES PEMBUATAN KERTAS

JURNAL TEKNIK KIMIA VOKASIONAL (JIMSI)

Hyacinth populations that disturb water areas can be reduced by utilizing water hyacinths as raw ... more Hyacinth populations that disturb water areas can be reduced by utilizing water hyacinths as raw materials for papermaking because hyacinths have a cellulose content of 24.5% which has the potential to produce good quality paper. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of raw material size and hydrolysis time on the papermaking process in accordance with ISO 11108: 1996 and SNI 0698: 2010 by varying the size of water hyacinth raw materials namely 0.1 cm, 1-2 cm, and utuh and hydrolysis time of 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 minutes using the reflux heating method. The optimum hydrolysis time and raw material size were obtained at 150 minutes and a variation in the size of the raw material of utuh with a cellulose content of 56.83%, moisture content of 6.01%, and paper tear resistance of 1856.79 mN.

Research paper thumbnail of Pemanfaatan Cangkang Buah Karet Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Arang Aktif

processed as activated charcoal using charcoalization and activation processes because it contain... more processed as activated charcoal using charcoalization and activation processes because it contains lignin of 33.54%. Activated charcoal is used as an adsorbent, gas purification and a catalyst. This study aims to determine the effect of the temperature of charcoalization on the quality of activated charcoal based on SNI 06-3730-1995 standard. With the variations of charcoalization temperature of 300°C, 400°C, 500°C, 600°C, and 700°C for 1 hour with material mass of 360 gram for each temperature variation, chemical activation using sulfuric acid of 7% for 1 hour and activation of physics with the temperature of 600°C for 1 hour. The best results showed at a temperature of 500°C with rendement of 21.39%, water content of 12.78%, ash content of 12.78%,, volatile matter content of 17.18%, the absorption of iodine 1096.59 mg/g. Moreover, an analysis using SEM pores before activation was 2.92 μm and after activation was 15.41 μm. Activated charcoal before and after activation experienced ...

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Konsentrasi CH3COOH Pada Pembuatan Pulp Dari Batang Pisang Dengan Bantuan Gelombang Mikro

Seminar Nasional Hasil Penelitian & Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (SNP2M), Nov 30, 2020

The potential number of banana stems in Samarinda reaches approximately 36.48 tons / year. Until ... more The potential number of banana stems in Samarinda reaches approximately 36.48 tons / year. Until now most people only use banana stems as animal feed, so processing is needed to increase the economic value of banana stems. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of microwave power in minimizing the concentration of CH3COOH cooking solution needed in the process so that it still produces pulp products that comply with SNI 0698: 2010. In this study, pulp can be obtained by hydrolyzing 10gr of banana stems dissolved in 200ml CH3COOH for 60 minutes with a reaction temperature of 130 ℃. The delignification and hydrolysis process is assisted by microwaves with variations in power (150,300,450) watts and variations in the concentration of the CH3COOH cooking solution (20,30,40,50,60,70)%. The results showed the higher the microwave power and the higher the concentration of the CH3COOH cooking solution used, the lower the pulp yield obtained. The highest pulp obtained reached 85.01% at 150 watts of power with a 20% CH3COOH cooking solution concentration, with a characteristic value of cellulose content of 42.58% and lignin content of 16.64%

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Metode Ultrasonikasi Pada Pembuatan Dye -Sensitized Solar Cell Dengan Dye Antosianin Dari Ekstrak Kulit Manggis

Seminar Nasional Hasil Penelitian & Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (SNP2M), Nov 30, 2020

Increasing demand of energy consumption enforces the development of alternative energy source. Dy... more Increasing demand of energy consumption enforces the development of alternative energy source. Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSCC) is a promising alternative for solar cell application of future generation. DSSC consists of semiconductor electrodes, dyes, opponent electrode and electrolyte. This research tries to make DSSC prototype by using mangosteen peel extract as dye sensitizer and TiO2 semiconductor material as a photoelectrode has been conducted. Mangosteen peel contains of anthocyanin pigmented which is useful as fotosensitizer on DSSC. The solar cell is constructed in sandwich system. TiO2 layer was deposited on top of a ITO glass by doctor blade method and subsequently the TiO2 electrode will be immersion into the dye sensitizer mangosteen peel extract using ultrasonication method. A Counter electrode, carbon is placed on the layer of TiO2-mangosteen peel dye with the electrolyte is located between the both electrode. Anthocyanin dye was made by diluting 40 gr of mangosteen peel in etanol 96% + HCl 1 M, then saved in dark place about 3 days for maceration extraction. The purpose of this research was to determinate the effect of TiO2 paste immersed in the dye using with and without ultrasonication times on the efficiency of DSSC. TiO2 paste immersed in dye material synthized from mangosteen peel for 60s, 120s and 180s using with and without ultrasonication. The result of this research that DSSC using with and without ultrasonication produces the best efficiency 0,33% and 0,12% for each at 180s. DSSC efficiency examination showed that the longer immersion time, then the efficiency generated was higher as well. Therefore, ultrasonication method that has been given will improve the efficiency value of DSSC system.

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Daya Microwave Terhadap Peningkatan Rendemen Minyak Nilam (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) Dengan Destilasi Steam – Air Menggunakan Gelombang Mikro

Patchouli oil is one of the essential oils. To optimize the potential of essential oil, it is nec... more Patchouli oil is one of the essential oils. To optimize the potential of essential oil, it is necessary to make efforts to raise the rendement. One way is to improve the distillation technique and the operating distillation process which is able to produce higher rendement. This research was conducted using steam-hydro distillation method by microwave with variation of microwave power to the rendement. The ratio of raw material - water used were 1:1 (m / v) and power variations were 100, 264, 400, 600, and 800 Watt. The weight of patchouli leaves and stem is 100 gram and put into the distillation flask, then water is added by 100 mL, after which the steam was flowed into the distillation gourd of the steam generator with the flow rate of 5 ml/min, then the microwave power was adjusted according to the specified variables. Based on the research result, the highest rendement of 2.47% was obtained with the microwave power of 800 Watt. The quality of the rendement has met SNI 06-2388-2006.

Research paper thumbnail of Pemanfaatan Gelombang Mikro Dalam Ekstraksi Antosianin Dari Kulit Buah Naga Sebagai Pengganti Rhodamin B Untuk Sediaan Pewarna Bibir Alami

Today, microwave can be used in various chemical processes. The advantage of microwaves is able t... more Today, microwave can be used in various chemical processes. The advantage of microwaves is able to deliver energy directly to the material. One of microwave application is the extraction process of natural materials. Microwaves can be used to reduce extraction process time of the anthocyanin from the dragon fruit skin. This research aims to determine the solvent extracted effect to the anthocyanin extraction of dragon fruit skin using microwaves. The solvent used was 95% ethanol, 85% ethanol, 75% ethanol, 95% ethanol –citric acid, 85% ethanol -acids and 75% - citric acid ethanol to the anthocyanin extraction results of dragon fruit skin extracted using microwaves. The consumption of microwave power is 400 watt with 50 gram of dragon fruits skin. Then, anthocyanin extracts are mixe with supporting materials to be made as lipstick and proposed for topical and favorite test. The best yield can be obtained by using ethanol-citric acid solvent at 25,031%.

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Perbandingan Pelarut Dan Bahan Baku Terhadap Peningkatan Rendemen Minyak Nilam (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) Dengan Destilasi – Air Menggunakan Gelombang Mikro

Minyak nilam mengandung Patchouli Alcohol yang banyak digunakan pada industri parfum dan kosmetik... more Minyak nilam mengandung Patchouli Alcohol yang banyak digunakan pada industri parfum dan kosmetik. Indonesia merupakan produsen minyak nilam terbesar di dunia, namun pada kenyataanya rendemen dan kualitas minyak nilam di indonesia saat ini masih perlu terus ditingkatkan agar sesuai SNI Minyak nilam 06-2385-2006. Kurang optimalnya pencapaian kuantitas dan kualitas minyak nilam sesuai permintaan pasar minyak nilam dunia, menyebabkan pasar minyak nilam Indonesia semakin menurun. Metode penyulingan minyak nilam dengan menggunakan pemanas gelombang mikro merupakan salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kuantitas dan kualitas minyak nilam di Indonesia. Pada penelitian ini, variabel penelitian yang digunakan meliputi perbandingan antara bahan baku dan pelarut yaitu 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 dan 1:5 pada daya mikrowave 600 watt dan membandingkan % Rendemen minyak nilam yang diperoleh dengan metode destilasi – air dengan menggunakan mikrowave pada waktu destilasi 180 menit dan metode destilasi – air ...

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of H2SO4 Concentration and Micro Wave Power in Microwave Assisted Hydrolysis of Furfural Production from Empty Palm Fruit Bunches

Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan

Empty fruit bunches (EFB), which are wastes from fresh palm fruit bunches, are one of organic was... more Empty fruit bunches (EFB), which are wastes from fresh palm fruit bunches, are one of organic wastes from palm oil processing industries as much as 23% of the total production. The utilization of this waste, which has a high economic value, is still not optimum although it has been used as a boiler fuel. In fact, EFB has a high economic value if processed further. The EFB as a waste can be processed using hydrolysis method to obtain its pentosan content and changed into furfural with the addition of acid as a catalyst. The objectives of this research are to find out the optimum yield on the sulfuric acid concentration and the effects of the power of microwaves used on hydrolysis process of EFB. On this hydrolysis process, 10 grams of EFB was added with 250ml of sulfuric acid with the variations of 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, 15%, and 18%, and microwave was used with the power variations of 400W, 600W, and 800W for 75 minutes. The analysis method used in this study to determine the furfural co...

Research paper thumbnail of Pemanfaatan Abu Sekam Padi menjadi Katalis Heterogen dalam Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Sawit

Journal Of Tropical Pharmacy And Chemistry