Kaarina Partanen - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Kaarina Partanen
Age-associated memory impairment (AAMI) is a common but disputed entity. It is unclear whether AA... more Age-associated memory impairment (AAMI) is a common but disputed entity. It is unclear whether AAMI is a phenomenon of normal aging or an early sign of Alzheimer's disease. The present study aimed to identify possible structural abnormalities in the medial temporal lobe of AAMI subjects. We measured volumes of the hippocampus and amygdala by MRI in 16 AAMI subjects and in 16 age- and sex-matched controls and correlated the volumes with subjects' performance on two visual memory tasks (the Benton and the Heaton visual retention tests) and on a verbal memory task (the Buschke-Fuld Selective Reminding Test). The mean hippocampal and amygdaloid volumes normalized for brain size per se did not differ between the two study groups. In controls, but not in AAMI subjects, the right hippocampus was larger than the left. Accordingly, the volumetric asymmetry between the right and left hippocampi was smaller in AAMI subjects than in controls (Student's t test, p < 0.05). The volume of the right hippocampus (r = 0.37, n = 32, p < 0.05) and the magnitude of the asymmetry between the right and left hippocampi (r = 0.38, n = 32, p < 0.05) correlated with total score on the Benton test. We also found significant correlations between the amygdaloid volumes and the performance on visual memory tests but not with score on the verbal memory test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Current radiopharmaceuticals, Jan 16, 2015
Molecular imaging is the only way of defining biological target volume (BTV) for external beam ra... more Molecular imaging is the only way of defining biological target volume (BTV) for external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and may be used for advanced targeting in dose planning and dose painting. There are, however, no reports about the EBRT response when dose planning is based on BTV target definition in advanced prostate cancer. Clinical and biochemical results of two clinically equal group of patients with advanced prostate cancer patients were compared. Both groups were treated with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) based on target definition by PET/CT (1st group) or conventional imaging (2nd group). Biochemical relapse occurred in 16.6% (in 1 out of 6) of the patients in the first group and 50% (3 out of 6) patients in the second group during the follow up period. Clinical manifestation of disease occurred in 33% (2 out of 6) patients of the first group and in 5 out of 6 (83,3%) patients in the second one. 4 patients in the first group had no biochemical relapse and no cli...
Neuroreport, Jan 11, 1998
We investigated the neuropsychological correlates of hippocampal atrophy in Parkinson's disea... more We investigated the neuropsychological correlates of hippocampal atrophy in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. The memory impaired PD patients had smaller hippocampi than other PD patients. The performance of PD patients in spatial working memory and attentional set-shifting correlated with the severity of motor defect, and not with hippocampal atrophy. Our results suggests that failure of verbal/visual memory may be related to hippocampal atrophy in Parkinson's disease. On the contrast, the defect in spatial working memory and attentional set-shifting may be sensitive to dysfunction of 'fronto-striatal' systems in PD patients.
Oncotarget, Jan 28, 2015
Oncolytic viruses that selectively replicate in tumor cells can be used for treatment of cancer. ... more Oncolytic viruses that selectively replicate in tumor cells can be used for treatment of cancer. Accumulating data suggests that virus induced oncolysis can enhance anti-tumor immunity and break immune tolerance. To capitalize on the immunogenic nature of oncolysis, we generated a quadruple modified oncolytic adenovirus expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF). Ad5/3-E2F-Δ24-GMCSF (CGTG-602) was engineered to contain a tumor specific E2F1 promoter driving an E1 gene deleted at the retinoblastoma protein binding site ("Δ24"). The fiber features a knob from serotype 3 for enhanced gene delivery to tumor cells. The virus was tested preclinically in vitro and in vivo and then 13 patients with solid tumors refractory to standard therapies were treated. Treatments were well tolerated and frequent tumor- and adenovirus-specific T-cell immune responses were seen. Overall, with regard to tumor marker or radiological responses, signs of antitumor efficacy ...
AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 2001
The occurrence of damage in the entorhinal, perirhinal, and temporopolar cortices in unilateral d... more The occurrence of damage in the entorhinal, perirhinal, and temporopolar cortices in unilateral drug-refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) was investigated with quantitative MR imaging. Volumes of the entorhinal, perirhinal, and temporopolar cortices were measured in 27 patients with unilateral drug-refractory TLE, 10 patients with extratemporal partial epilepsy, and 20 healthy control subjects. All patients with TLE were evaluated for epilepsy surgery and underwent operations. In left TLE, the mean volume of the ipsilateral entorhinal cortex was reduced by 17% (P <.001 compared with control subjects) and that of the ipsilateral temporopolar cortex by 17% (P <.05). In right TLE, the mean ipsilateral entorhinal volume was reduced by 13% (P < or =.01), but only in patients with hippocampal atrophy. Asymmetry ratios also indicated ipsilateral cortical atrophy. When each patient was analyzed individually, the volume of the ipsilateral hippocampus was reduced (> or = 2 SD f...
AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 1999
Our purpose was to use volumetric MR imaging to compare the extent of atrophy and discriminative ... more Our purpose was to use volumetric MR imaging to compare the extent of atrophy and discriminative ability of the volumes of two temporal lobe structures, the entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus, between patients with Alzheimer disease and control subjects. The study group consisted of 30 patients with probable Alzheimer disease diagnosed according to the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA) criteria and 32 healthy control subjects. The MR volumes of the entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus were used for the discriminant function and receiver operator characteristic analysis as well as multivariate analysis of variance for repeated measures to compare their discriminative power. Compared with control subjects, patients with Alzheimer disease had significantly smaller volumes of the entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus on both sides. Both the receiver operator chara...
AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 1998
Our purpose was to investigate the normal volumes of the human entorhinal, perirhinal, and tempor... more Our purpose was to investigate the normal volumes of the human entorhinal, perirhinal, and temporopolar cortices on MR imaging studies using a customized program. We designed a protocol in which the volumes of the entorhinal, perirhinal, and temporopolar cortices were determined from coronal MR images using anatomic landmarks defined on the basis of cytoarchitectonic analyses of 49 autopsy cases. MR volumetry of these cortical areas was performed in 52 healthy volunteers. The overall mean volumes were 1768 +/- 328 mm3/1558 +/- 341 mm3 (right/left) for the entorhinal cortex, 2512 +/- 672 mm3/2572 +/- 666 mm3 for the perirhinal cortex, and 2960 +/- 623 mm3/3091 +/- 636 mm3 for the temporopolar cortex. The right entorhinal cortex was 12% larger than the left. The volume of the temporopolar cortex was reduced bilaterally by 13% in the older age group compared with younger subjects, while the volumes of the entorhinal and perirhinal cortices were unaffected by age. There were no differen...
British journal of cancer, 1994
The aim of this study was to assess by a stepwise multivariate discriminant analysis the value of... more The aim of this study was to assess by a stepwise multivariate discriminant analysis the value of four current serum tumour markers - carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 50 and CA 242 and tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) - and a new serum tumour marker, tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS), in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. The serum values were measured in a prospective series of patients with jaundice, with unjaundiced cholestasis and with a suspicion of chronic pancreatitis or a pancreatic tumour (n = 193). There were 24 patients with a cancer of the pancreas and two patients with a cancer of the papilla of Vater in this series. Our results showed that CA 50 (P < 0.001) and TPA (P < 0.01) were the best marker tests in predicting pancreatic malignancy. Also, the TPS (P = 0.07) and CA 242 (P = 0.08) tests showed marginally significant independent discriminating power, while the CEA test did not (P = 0.12). In order to sum up the contributions o...
AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 1995
To examine the value of measurement of the interuncal distance in the diagnosis of mild to modera... more To examine the value of measurement of the interuncal distance in the diagnosis of mild to moderate Alzheimer disease. We measured interuncal distance from coronal MR scans acquired on a 1.5-T imager. We estimated interuncal distance from a total of 141 subjects: 54 patients diagnosed according to the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria of probable Alzheimer disease, 40 subjects fulfilling the National Institute of Mental Health criteria of age-associated memory impairment, 27 healthy cognitively normal older control subjects, and 20 control subjects younger than 50 years of age. For comparison we normalized interuncal distance for a horizontal line drawn through the inner cranium at the level of the uncus (interuncal distance/intracranial width ratio), for the brain area (interuncal distance/brain area) and for the intracranial area (interuncal distance/intracranial area). The stan...
Physiology & behavior, 1995
We studied the habituation of auditory N100 responses in subjects with age-associated memory impa... more We studied the habituation of auditory N100 responses in subjects with age-associated memory impairment (AAMI) and in healthy age-matched volunteers. The findings were correlated with volumes of the amygdala, hippocampus, and frontal lobe measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as with subjects' performance on tests assessing frontal lobe functions and memory. Habituation of N100 did not differ across AAMI subjects and controls. However, in AAMI subjects there was a significant correlation between habituation of N100 and volumes of the amygdala; the more reduced habituation, the smaller volume. In addition, decline in habituation of N100 correlated with impaired performance on a visual memory test (Heaton Visual memory test (Heaton Visual Retention Test; r = 0.77; p < 0.001) and impairment on tests assessing frontal functions (Verbal Fluency, Trail Making Test, and Stroop). Habituation of N100 was not related to age or sex. To our knowledge this is the first stu...
NeuroReport, 1994
It is a matter of dispute whether or not recurrent epileptic seizures cause neuronal damage in th... more It is a matter of dispute whether or not recurrent epileptic seizures cause neuronal damage in the human brain. We approached this question by measuring the volumes of the amygdala, hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus with magnetic resonance imaging in 15 controls, 13 unmedicated patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy and 16 patients with chronic drug-refractory epilepsy. In all patients, the seizure origin was in the temporal lobe region and the seizure aetiology was unknown. Newly diagnosed epilepsy patients with seizure lateralization on the left had increased hippocampal right-left difference (p < 0.01) and right/left ratio (p < 0.05) compared with controls. Patients with chronic epilepsy and lateralization on the left had increased hippocampal right-left difference (p < 0.05) and right/left ratio (p < 0.05) compared with controls. In this patient group, the volume of the left hippocampus was 16% smaller than in controls (p < 0.01). The rostral portion of the parahippocampal gyrus was 12% smaller than in controls (p < 0.01). In chronic epilepsy patients with lateralization on the right, we found a statistically non-significant decrease (13%) in the right hippocampal volume compared with controls. In this patient group, the amygdaloid right-left difference (p < 0.05) and right/left ratio (p < 0.05) were decreased compared with controls. The present cross-sectional study provides evidence that mild hippocampal damage is already present in the early stages of epilepsy. Hippocampal damage is more severe in patients with a long history of recurrent generalized seizures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Journal of Diagnostic Imaging in Therapy, 2014
BioMed Research International, 2014
Background. In this retrospective analysis we assessed the role of [ 18 F]-FACBC-PET/CT in the pr... more Background. In this retrospective analysis we assessed the role of [ 18 F]-FACBC-PET/CT in the prostatic cancer staging. Procedure. 30 first [ 18 F]-FACBC-PET/CT images of 26 patients (68.1 ± 5.8 years) were analyzed. PET/CT findings were compared with PSA concentrations, with PSA doubling times (PDT), and with correlative imaging. Results. On 16 [ 18 F]-FACBC (53.3%) scans, 58 metabolically active lesions were found. 12 (20.7%) lesions corresponding to the local relapse were found in prostate/prostate bed and seminal vesicles, 9 (15.5%) lesions were located in regional lymph nodes, 10 (17.2%) were located in distal lymph nodes, and 26 (44.8%) metabolically active lesions were found in the skeleton. In one case, focal uptake was found in the brain, confirmed further on MRI as meningioma. The mean S-PSA level in patients with positive [ 18 F]-FACBC findings was 9.5 ± 16.9 g/L (0.54-69 g/L) and in patients with negative [ 18 F]-FACBC findings was 1.96 ± 1.87 g/L (0.11-5.9 g/L), but the difference was not statistically significant. However, the PSA doubling time (PDT) in patients with positive findings was significantly shorter than PDT in patients with negative findings: 3.25 ± 2.09 months (0.3-6 months) versus 31.2 ± 22.02 months (8-84 months), < 0.0001. There was a strong positive correlation between PSA value and number of metabolically active lesions ( = 0.74) and a negative correlation between PDT and number of metabolically active lesions ( = −0.56). There was a weak negative correlation between PDT and SUV max ( = −0.30). Conclusion. According to our preliminary clinical experience, [ 18 F]-FACBC-PET may play a role in in vivo restaging of an active prostate cancer, especially in patients with a short S-PSA doubling time.
Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 2002
Objective: To analyse the long term results of temporal lobe epilepsy surgery in a national epile... more Objective: To analyse the long term results of temporal lobe epilepsy surgery in a national epilepsy surgery centre for adults, and to evaluate preoperative factors predicting a good postoperative outcome on long term follow up.Methods: Longitudinal follow up of 140 consecutive adult patients operated on for drug resistant temporal lobe epilepsy.Results: 46% of patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy became
European Journal of Cancer, 2014
OncoImmunology, 2014
Late stage cancer is often associated with reduced immune recognition and a highly immunosuppress... more Late stage cancer is often associated with reduced immune recognition and a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. The presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and specific gene-signatures prior to treatment are linked to good prognosis, while the opposite is true for extensive immunosuppression. The use of adenoviruses as cancer vaccines is a form of active immunotherapy to initialise a tumor-specific immune response that targets the patient&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s unique tumor antigen repertoire. We report a case of a 68-year-old male with asbestos-related malignant pleural mesothelioma who was treated in a Phase I study with a granulocyte-macrophage colony‑stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-expressing oncolytic adenovirus, Ad5/3-D24-GMCSF (ONCOS-102). The treatment resulted in prominent infiltration of CD8(+) lymphocytes to tumor, marked induction of systemic antitumor CD8(+) T-cells and induction of Th1-type polarization in the tumor. These results indicate that ONCOS-102 treatment sensitizes tumors to other immunotherapies by inducing a T-cell positive phenotype to an initially T-cell negative tumor.
Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1999
Objective The objective of this study was to compare antepartum ultrasonography and magnetic reso... more Objective The objective of this study was to compare antepartum ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis and exclusion of malformations of the fetal neck, pharynx, skull base and posterior fossa in late pregnancy.
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 1991
The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound (U... more The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the distinction between extrahepatic and intrahepatic causes of jaundice. The limit for the inclusion to the study was defined as a serum bilirubin concentration greater than or equal to 40 mumol/l. Altogether 187 jaundiced patients were studied. The sensitivities of US, CT, and ERCP were 63%, 77%, and 87%, respectively. The differences between all these methods were statistically significant. The specificities and positive predictive values were high, reaching 96-99%, but the negative predictive values were low, ranging between 38% and 60%. Choledochal stone disease constituted the main etiology of false-negative studies in all investigations. Imaging procedures have a prominent role in the diagnostic study of the jaundiced patient, but it is obvious that their diagnostic accuracy may vary between institutions because of the variance in local experience and expertise, and because of the differences in diseases causing jaundice.
Radiotherapy and Oncology, 2012
Age-associated memory impairment (AAMI) is a common but disputed entity. It is unclear whether AA... more Age-associated memory impairment (AAMI) is a common but disputed entity. It is unclear whether AAMI is a phenomenon of normal aging or an early sign of Alzheimer's disease. The present study aimed to identify possible structural abnormalities in the medial temporal lobe of AAMI subjects. We measured volumes of the hippocampus and amygdala by MRI in 16 AAMI subjects and in 16 age- and sex-matched controls and correlated the volumes with subjects' performance on two visual memory tasks (the Benton and the Heaton visual retention tests) and on a verbal memory task (the Buschke-Fuld Selective Reminding Test). The mean hippocampal and amygdaloid volumes normalized for brain size per se did not differ between the two study groups. In controls, but not in AAMI subjects, the right hippocampus was larger than the left. Accordingly, the volumetric asymmetry between the right and left hippocampi was smaller in AAMI subjects than in controls (Student's t test, p < 0.05). The volume of the right hippocampus (r = 0.37, n = 32, p < 0.05) and the magnitude of the asymmetry between the right and left hippocampi (r = 0.38, n = 32, p < 0.05) correlated with total score on the Benton test. We also found significant correlations between the amygdaloid volumes and the performance on visual memory tests but not with score on the verbal memory test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Current radiopharmaceuticals, Jan 16, 2015
Molecular imaging is the only way of defining biological target volume (BTV) for external beam ra... more Molecular imaging is the only way of defining biological target volume (BTV) for external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and may be used for advanced targeting in dose planning and dose painting. There are, however, no reports about the EBRT response when dose planning is based on BTV target definition in advanced prostate cancer. Clinical and biochemical results of two clinically equal group of patients with advanced prostate cancer patients were compared. Both groups were treated with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) based on target definition by PET/CT (1st group) or conventional imaging (2nd group). Biochemical relapse occurred in 16.6% (in 1 out of 6) of the patients in the first group and 50% (3 out of 6) patients in the second group during the follow up period. Clinical manifestation of disease occurred in 33% (2 out of 6) patients of the first group and in 5 out of 6 (83,3%) patients in the second one. 4 patients in the first group had no biochemical relapse and no cli...
Neuroreport, Jan 11, 1998
We investigated the neuropsychological correlates of hippocampal atrophy in Parkinson's disea... more We investigated the neuropsychological correlates of hippocampal atrophy in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. The memory impaired PD patients had smaller hippocampi than other PD patients. The performance of PD patients in spatial working memory and attentional set-shifting correlated with the severity of motor defect, and not with hippocampal atrophy. Our results suggests that failure of verbal/visual memory may be related to hippocampal atrophy in Parkinson's disease. On the contrast, the defect in spatial working memory and attentional set-shifting may be sensitive to dysfunction of 'fronto-striatal' systems in PD patients.
Oncotarget, Jan 28, 2015
Oncolytic viruses that selectively replicate in tumor cells can be used for treatment of cancer. ... more Oncolytic viruses that selectively replicate in tumor cells can be used for treatment of cancer. Accumulating data suggests that virus induced oncolysis can enhance anti-tumor immunity and break immune tolerance. To capitalize on the immunogenic nature of oncolysis, we generated a quadruple modified oncolytic adenovirus expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF). Ad5/3-E2F-Δ24-GMCSF (CGTG-602) was engineered to contain a tumor specific E2F1 promoter driving an E1 gene deleted at the retinoblastoma protein binding site ("Δ24"). The fiber features a knob from serotype 3 for enhanced gene delivery to tumor cells. The virus was tested preclinically in vitro and in vivo and then 13 patients with solid tumors refractory to standard therapies were treated. Treatments were well tolerated and frequent tumor- and adenovirus-specific T-cell immune responses were seen. Overall, with regard to tumor marker or radiological responses, signs of antitumor efficacy ...
AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 2001
The occurrence of damage in the entorhinal, perirhinal, and temporopolar cortices in unilateral d... more The occurrence of damage in the entorhinal, perirhinal, and temporopolar cortices in unilateral drug-refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) was investigated with quantitative MR imaging. Volumes of the entorhinal, perirhinal, and temporopolar cortices were measured in 27 patients with unilateral drug-refractory TLE, 10 patients with extratemporal partial epilepsy, and 20 healthy control subjects. All patients with TLE were evaluated for epilepsy surgery and underwent operations. In left TLE, the mean volume of the ipsilateral entorhinal cortex was reduced by 17% (P <.001 compared with control subjects) and that of the ipsilateral temporopolar cortex by 17% (P <.05). In right TLE, the mean ipsilateral entorhinal volume was reduced by 13% (P < or =.01), but only in patients with hippocampal atrophy. Asymmetry ratios also indicated ipsilateral cortical atrophy. When each patient was analyzed individually, the volume of the ipsilateral hippocampus was reduced (> or = 2 SD f...
AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 1999
Our purpose was to use volumetric MR imaging to compare the extent of atrophy and discriminative ... more Our purpose was to use volumetric MR imaging to compare the extent of atrophy and discriminative ability of the volumes of two temporal lobe structures, the entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus, between patients with Alzheimer disease and control subjects. The study group consisted of 30 patients with probable Alzheimer disease diagnosed according to the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA) criteria and 32 healthy control subjects. The MR volumes of the entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus were used for the discriminant function and receiver operator characteristic analysis as well as multivariate analysis of variance for repeated measures to compare their discriminative power. Compared with control subjects, patients with Alzheimer disease had significantly smaller volumes of the entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus on both sides. Both the receiver operator chara...
AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 1998
Our purpose was to investigate the normal volumes of the human entorhinal, perirhinal, and tempor... more Our purpose was to investigate the normal volumes of the human entorhinal, perirhinal, and temporopolar cortices on MR imaging studies using a customized program. We designed a protocol in which the volumes of the entorhinal, perirhinal, and temporopolar cortices were determined from coronal MR images using anatomic landmarks defined on the basis of cytoarchitectonic analyses of 49 autopsy cases. MR volumetry of these cortical areas was performed in 52 healthy volunteers. The overall mean volumes were 1768 +/- 328 mm3/1558 +/- 341 mm3 (right/left) for the entorhinal cortex, 2512 +/- 672 mm3/2572 +/- 666 mm3 for the perirhinal cortex, and 2960 +/- 623 mm3/3091 +/- 636 mm3 for the temporopolar cortex. The right entorhinal cortex was 12% larger than the left. The volume of the temporopolar cortex was reduced bilaterally by 13% in the older age group compared with younger subjects, while the volumes of the entorhinal and perirhinal cortices were unaffected by age. There were no differen...
British journal of cancer, 1994
The aim of this study was to assess by a stepwise multivariate discriminant analysis the value of... more The aim of this study was to assess by a stepwise multivariate discriminant analysis the value of four current serum tumour markers - carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 50 and CA 242 and tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) - and a new serum tumour marker, tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS), in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. The serum values were measured in a prospective series of patients with jaundice, with unjaundiced cholestasis and with a suspicion of chronic pancreatitis or a pancreatic tumour (n = 193). There were 24 patients with a cancer of the pancreas and two patients with a cancer of the papilla of Vater in this series. Our results showed that CA 50 (P < 0.001) and TPA (P < 0.01) were the best marker tests in predicting pancreatic malignancy. Also, the TPS (P = 0.07) and CA 242 (P = 0.08) tests showed marginally significant independent discriminating power, while the CEA test did not (P = 0.12). In order to sum up the contributions o...
AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 1995
To examine the value of measurement of the interuncal distance in the diagnosis of mild to modera... more To examine the value of measurement of the interuncal distance in the diagnosis of mild to moderate Alzheimer disease. We measured interuncal distance from coronal MR scans acquired on a 1.5-T imager. We estimated interuncal distance from a total of 141 subjects: 54 patients diagnosed according to the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria of probable Alzheimer disease, 40 subjects fulfilling the National Institute of Mental Health criteria of age-associated memory impairment, 27 healthy cognitively normal older control subjects, and 20 control subjects younger than 50 years of age. For comparison we normalized interuncal distance for a horizontal line drawn through the inner cranium at the level of the uncus (interuncal distance/intracranial width ratio), for the brain area (interuncal distance/brain area) and for the intracranial area (interuncal distance/intracranial area). The stan...
Physiology & behavior, 1995
We studied the habituation of auditory N100 responses in subjects with age-associated memory impa... more We studied the habituation of auditory N100 responses in subjects with age-associated memory impairment (AAMI) and in healthy age-matched volunteers. The findings were correlated with volumes of the amygdala, hippocampus, and frontal lobe measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as with subjects' performance on tests assessing frontal lobe functions and memory. Habituation of N100 did not differ across AAMI subjects and controls. However, in AAMI subjects there was a significant correlation between habituation of N100 and volumes of the amygdala; the more reduced habituation, the smaller volume. In addition, decline in habituation of N100 correlated with impaired performance on a visual memory test (Heaton Visual memory test (Heaton Visual Retention Test; r = 0.77; p < 0.001) and impairment on tests assessing frontal functions (Verbal Fluency, Trail Making Test, and Stroop). Habituation of N100 was not related to age or sex. To our knowledge this is the first stu...
NeuroReport, 1994
It is a matter of dispute whether or not recurrent epileptic seizures cause neuronal damage in th... more It is a matter of dispute whether or not recurrent epileptic seizures cause neuronal damage in the human brain. We approached this question by measuring the volumes of the amygdala, hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus with magnetic resonance imaging in 15 controls, 13 unmedicated patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy and 16 patients with chronic drug-refractory epilepsy. In all patients, the seizure origin was in the temporal lobe region and the seizure aetiology was unknown. Newly diagnosed epilepsy patients with seizure lateralization on the left had increased hippocampal right-left difference (p < 0.01) and right/left ratio (p < 0.05) compared with controls. Patients with chronic epilepsy and lateralization on the left had increased hippocampal right-left difference (p < 0.05) and right/left ratio (p < 0.05) compared with controls. In this patient group, the volume of the left hippocampus was 16% smaller than in controls (p < 0.01). The rostral portion of the parahippocampal gyrus was 12% smaller than in controls (p < 0.01). In chronic epilepsy patients with lateralization on the right, we found a statistically non-significant decrease (13%) in the right hippocampal volume compared with controls. In this patient group, the amygdaloid right-left difference (p < 0.05) and right/left ratio (p < 0.05) were decreased compared with controls. The present cross-sectional study provides evidence that mild hippocampal damage is already present in the early stages of epilepsy. Hippocampal damage is more severe in patients with a long history of recurrent generalized seizures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Journal of Diagnostic Imaging in Therapy, 2014
BioMed Research International, 2014
Background. In this retrospective analysis we assessed the role of [ 18 F]-FACBC-PET/CT in the pr... more Background. In this retrospective analysis we assessed the role of [ 18 F]-FACBC-PET/CT in the prostatic cancer staging. Procedure. 30 first [ 18 F]-FACBC-PET/CT images of 26 patients (68.1 ± 5.8 years) were analyzed. PET/CT findings were compared with PSA concentrations, with PSA doubling times (PDT), and with correlative imaging. Results. On 16 [ 18 F]-FACBC (53.3%) scans, 58 metabolically active lesions were found. 12 (20.7%) lesions corresponding to the local relapse were found in prostate/prostate bed and seminal vesicles, 9 (15.5%) lesions were located in regional lymph nodes, 10 (17.2%) were located in distal lymph nodes, and 26 (44.8%) metabolically active lesions were found in the skeleton. In one case, focal uptake was found in the brain, confirmed further on MRI as meningioma. The mean S-PSA level in patients with positive [ 18 F]-FACBC findings was 9.5 ± 16.9 g/L (0.54-69 g/L) and in patients with negative [ 18 F]-FACBC findings was 1.96 ± 1.87 g/L (0.11-5.9 g/L), but the difference was not statistically significant. However, the PSA doubling time (PDT) in patients with positive findings was significantly shorter than PDT in patients with negative findings: 3.25 ± 2.09 months (0.3-6 months) versus 31.2 ± 22.02 months (8-84 months), < 0.0001. There was a strong positive correlation between PSA value and number of metabolically active lesions ( = 0.74) and a negative correlation between PDT and number of metabolically active lesions ( = −0.56). There was a weak negative correlation between PDT and SUV max ( = −0.30). Conclusion. According to our preliminary clinical experience, [ 18 F]-FACBC-PET may play a role in in vivo restaging of an active prostate cancer, especially in patients with a short S-PSA doubling time.
Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 2002
Objective: To analyse the long term results of temporal lobe epilepsy surgery in a national epile... more Objective: To analyse the long term results of temporal lobe epilepsy surgery in a national epilepsy surgery centre for adults, and to evaluate preoperative factors predicting a good postoperative outcome on long term follow up.Methods: Longitudinal follow up of 140 consecutive adult patients operated on for drug resistant temporal lobe epilepsy.Results: 46% of patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy became
European Journal of Cancer, 2014
OncoImmunology, 2014
Late stage cancer is often associated with reduced immune recognition and a highly immunosuppress... more Late stage cancer is often associated with reduced immune recognition and a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. The presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and specific gene-signatures prior to treatment are linked to good prognosis, while the opposite is true for extensive immunosuppression. The use of adenoviruses as cancer vaccines is a form of active immunotherapy to initialise a tumor-specific immune response that targets the patient&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s unique tumor antigen repertoire. We report a case of a 68-year-old male with asbestos-related malignant pleural mesothelioma who was treated in a Phase I study with a granulocyte-macrophage colony‑stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-expressing oncolytic adenovirus, Ad5/3-D24-GMCSF (ONCOS-102). The treatment resulted in prominent infiltration of CD8(+) lymphocytes to tumor, marked induction of systemic antitumor CD8(+) T-cells and induction of Th1-type polarization in the tumor. These results indicate that ONCOS-102 treatment sensitizes tumors to other immunotherapies by inducing a T-cell positive phenotype to an initially T-cell negative tumor.
Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1999
Objective The objective of this study was to compare antepartum ultrasonography and magnetic reso... more Objective The objective of this study was to compare antepartum ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis and exclusion of malformations of the fetal neck, pharynx, skull base and posterior fossa in late pregnancy.
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 1991
The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound (U... more The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the distinction between extrahepatic and intrahepatic causes of jaundice. The limit for the inclusion to the study was defined as a serum bilirubin concentration greater than or equal to 40 mumol/l. Altogether 187 jaundiced patients were studied. The sensitivities of US, CT, and ERCP were 63%, 77%, and 87%, respectively. The differences between all these methods were statistically significant. The specificities and positive predictive values were high, reaching 96-99%, but the negative predictive values were low, ranging between 38% and 60%. Choledochal stone disease constituted the main etiology of false-negative studies in all investigations. Imaging procedures have a prominent role in the diagnostic study of the jaundiced patient, but it is obvious that their diagnostic accuracy may vary between institutions because of the variance in local experience and expertise, and because of the differences in diseases causing jaundice.
Radiotherapy and Oncology, 2012