Kazimierz Salewicz - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Kazimierz Salewicz

Research paper thumbnail of Land Use Change and Soil Erosion Hazard in the Zambezi Basin

Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands (H²AL), 1990

An experimental model for estimating soil erosion hazard in southern Africa (SLEMSA) was linked t... more An experimental model for estimating soil erosion hazard in southern Africa (SLEMSA) was linked to a raster based Geographical Information System. Soil erosion hazard maps were constructed by running a series of five land use scenarios. White's vegetation map of Africa was used as the basis for predicting soil erosion hazard under 'natural' vegetation. Four land use scenarios representing subsequent stages of increasing land pressure (due to cropping, grazing and deforestation) were used to delineate areas currently or potentially susceptible to soil erosion.

Research paper thumbnail of A Case Study in Hierarchical Control - The Upper Vistula Multireservoir System

Water resource systems have been an important part of resources and environment related research ... more Water resource systems have been an important part of resources and environment related research at IIASA since its inception. As demands for water increase relative to supply, the intensity and efficiency of water resources management must be developed further. This in turn requires an increase in the degree of detail and sophistication of the analysis including economic, social and environmental evaluation of water resources development alternatives aided by application of mathematical modeling techniques, to generate inputs for planning, design, and operational decisions. This paper is part of the comparative studies on operational decisionmaking in the multiple reservoir water resources systems initiated in 1979 by the "Regional Water Management" Research Task of the Resources and Environment Area of IIASA. Following introduction to some basic concepts of a hierarchical approach to the control of complex systems, the model of the Upper Vistula System in Poland is presented and the results of preliminary computations are discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of The operation of Lake Kariba: A multiobjective decision analysis

Journal of Multi-criteria Decision Analysis, Dec 1, 1995

The paper describes a successful application of Bayesian decision analysis to the operation of th... more The paper describes a successful application of Bayesian decision analysis to the operation of the Lake Kariba hydropower system. This management problem is complicated by the high uncertainty of the inflow process, multiple and conflicting objectives and the influence of time on some of the parameters in the management task. Inflows to the reservoir are forecast through dynamic linear models. Managerial preferences are modelled through a multiattribute utility function. Since the solution of the exact model is computationally too demanding, a heuristic method is applied to find a feasible control strategy. A comparison with results obtained by methods used previously demonstrates the superiority of the methodology presented here.

Research paper thumbnail of Multiobjective Operation of Zambezi River Reservoirs

Research paper thumbnail of Interactive Computer Support System for the Management of Large Rivers: The Zambezi River Case Study

IFAC Proceedings Volumes, Aug 1, 1990

A bstract. The paper presents the basic concepts of an interactive PC-AT based software package I... more A bstract. The paper presents the basic concepts of an interactive PC-AT based software package IRIS for simulation analysis of various development planning and management policy options in large river systems. IRIS package together with multiobjective optimization was used to analyse problems of hydropower generation and operation of reservoirs in the Zambezi river basin. Problems of water management in the basin were discussed and approaches to solve formulated decision problem presented. Combined use of optimization and simulation techniques is discussed: proposed optimal solution of the problem was analysed in the framework of IRIS to detect the impact of modification of this solution on the system's performances, including secondary objectives. Finally, conclusions on the applicability of IRIS package are drawn .

Research paper thumbnail of Interactive simulation for planning, managing and negotiating

A project being carried out at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis and vario... more A project being carried out at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis and various collaborating research institutes and universities in Europe and in North America is attempting to develop and evaluate the effectivenesss of decision-support systems for river planning, management and conflict negotiation. Two river basin case studies have been selected, the Danube and the Zambezi. Both are international rivers and because of that, the use of the water by one country can adversely impact on another country. One river basin is in a developed region, the other is not. Given these varying conditions, can a relatively recently developed tool, using microcomputers and interactive computer graphicsbased programs for data input, editing, analysis and display, significanlty help those who must plan, manage or negotiate conflicts? Can this new technology actually narrow the gap rather than widen it? While the answers to these questions are not yet known, this paper describes in more detail the research that is indeed aimed at narrowing the gap between the modelers, analysts and computer scientists, and those who can use their skills and this technology to help plan, manage, and resolve conflicts involving, the use of large river systems.

Research paper thumbnail of Water Demand for Generating Electricity - A Mathematical Programming Approach with Application in Poland

NASA STI/Recon Technical Report N, Apr 1, 1982

International Standard Book Number 3-7045-00364 Research Reports, which record research conducted... more International Standard Book Number 3-7045-00364 Research Reports, which record research conducted at IIASA, are independently reviewed before publication. However, the views and opinions they express are not necessarily those of the lnstitute or the National Member Organizations that support it.

Research paper thumbnail of An attempt to facilitate water management issues in the Zambezi river basin using decision support systems

Regulated rivers, Sep 1, 1988

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Management of large international rivers - practical experience from a research perspective

Experience gained from research conducted at the International Institute for Applied Systems Anal... more Experience gained from research conducted at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis is presented. Objectives and main directions of research are discussed. Water management issues for two case study rivers - the Danube and the Zambezi - are briefly presented, and then experiences in dealing with institutional and organizational aspects of the research are examined. Conclusions summarize both positive and negative experiences and recommendations are made concerning further activities in this field.

Research paper thumbnail of New Directions in a Water Resources Management – Decision Suppport Systems on the Web

WORLD SCIENTIFIC eBooks, Jun 1, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Management of Water Resources Using Storage Reservoirs

Research paper thumbnail of BayRes: A System for Stochastic Multiobjective Reservoir Operations

Springer eBooks, 1997

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of transparency on decision making the case of Euphrates and tigris river water use

Transparency is an important factor in decision making because availability of information aids i... more Transparency is an important factor in decision making because availability of information aids in clarity of thought. This paper focuses on information transparency and examines its impact on decision making through a case study of river water use in the Euphrates and the Tigris, Iraq. To conduct a detailed discussion on the role of transparency, other related concepts, namely uncertainty, indeterminacy, and instability in players' decisions, are defined in the framework of a game theoretical model, and the effects of them on the results of decision making are analyzed.

Research paper thumbnail of Building Capacity for Better Water Decision Making through Internet-Based Decision Support Systems

IGI Global eBooks, Jan 18, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Multiple criteria optimization in analysis of conflict associated with Al-Tharthar reservoir operation

Al-Tharthar reservoir together with much smaller Al-Habbaniya reservoir play vital role in securi... more Al-Tharthar reservoir together with much smaller Al-Habbaniya reservoir play vital role in securing water supply to agricultural users in a downstream basin of joint Euphrates-Tigris river basin. High dependency of farmers on water provided from the reservoirs causes permanent conflict of interests between short-term objective of the farmers to maximize their agricultural production and long-term goal of the reservoir operator to secure water supply in the future. Operation policy of the reservoir serves on one side as the mechanism to balance these two conflicting objectives, and as a tool to make decisions about water distribution among users. To improve efficiency of the reservoir operation, the research focused on various modifications of the existing operation policy has been undertaken. Since the results of the reservoir operation can be evaluated using 34 criteria, a Multiple Criteria Analysis of Discrete Alternatives tool has been applied to evaluate results of the operation policy modifications. The paper will present details of the research approach and conclusions reached in a course of the study.

Research paper thumbnail of Operation of Multiple Reservoir Systems: A Case Study of the Upper Vistula System (An Introduction)

Water resource systems have been an important part of resources and environment related research ... more Water resource systems have been an important part of resources and environment related research at IIASA since its inception. As demands for water increase relative to supply, the intensity and efficiency of water resources management must be developed further. This in turn requires an increase in the degree of detail and sophistication of the analysisk including economic, social and environmental evaluation of water resources development alternatives aided by application of mathematical modeling techniques, to generate inputs for planning, design, and operational decisions.

Research paper thumbnail of Public participation in the governance of international freshwater resources

United Nations University Press is the publishing arm of the United Nations University. The UNU P... more United Nations University Press is the publishing arm of the United Nations University. The UNU Press publishes scholarly and policy-oriented books and periodicals on the issues facing the United Nations and its people and member states, with particular emphasis upon international, regional, and transboundary policies. The United Nations University is an organ of the United Nations established by the General Assembly in 1972 to be an international community of scholars engaged in research, advanced training, and the dissemination of knowledge related to the pressing global problems of human survival, development, and welfare. Its activities focus mainly on the areas of peace and governance, environment, and sustainable development, and science and technology in relation to human welfare. The University operates through a worldwide network of research and postgraduate training centres, with its planning and coordinating headquarters in Tokyo.

Research paper thumbnail of Intelligent Decision Support for Reservoir Operations

Factors like multiple uncertainty sources, multiple objectives, time-effects over preferences and... more Factors like multiple uncertainty sources, multiple objectives, time-effects over preferences and the hierarchical nature of the planning process increase the complexity of reservoir management problems. We describe developments in a methodology for reservoir operations and its implementation in an intelligent decision support system.

Research paper thumbnail of New directions in the development of decision support systems for water resources management

Research paper thumbnail of Reservoir Management Decision Support

We describe our work in developing decision support tools to manage large international rivers. T... more We describe our work in developing decision support tools to manage large international rivers. This is a complex environmental decision making problem due to the presence of multiple objectives stemming from multiple uses of the reservoirs (energy production, irrigation, flood protection, £ ¤ £ ¥ £), several sources of uncertainty (inflows, water demand, evaporation, £ ¥ £ ¤ £), long-term effects of decisions, £ ¥ £ ¤ £ In comparison with other methodologies applied to solve operational problems, decision analysis has provided effective means to model preferences and beliefs of managers, leading to complex stochastic dynamic programming problems. To solve them, we have introduced novel computational strategies. The practical success of our approach stimulated us to develop BayRes, an interactive and integrated Decision Support System for solving operational control problems for reservoir management. Recent improvements in BayRes will be also discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Land Use Change and Soil Erosion Hazard in the Zambezi Basin

Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands (H²AL), 1990

An experimental model for estimating soil erosion hazard in southern Africa (SLEMSA) was linked t... more An experimental model for estimating soil erosion hazard in southern Africa (SLEMSA) was linked to a raster based Geographical Information System. Soil erosion hazard maps were constructed by running a series of five land use scenarios. White's vegetation map of Africa was used as the basis for predicting soil erosion hazard under 'natural' vegetation. Four land use scenarios representing subsequent stages of increasing land pressure (due to cropping, grazing and deforestation) were used to delineate areas currently or potentially susceptible to soil erosion.

Research paper thumbnail of A Case Study in Hierarchical Control - The Upper Vistula Multireservoir System

Water resource systems have been an important part of resources and environment related research ... more Water resource systems have been an important part of resources and environment related research at IIASA since its inception. As demands for water increase relative to supply, the intensity and efficiency of water resources management must be developed further. This in turn requires an increase in the degree of detail and sophistication of the analysis including economic, social and environmental evaluation of water resources development alternatives aided by application of mathematical modeling techniques, to generate inputs for planning, design, and operational decisions. This paper is part of the comparative studies on operational decisionmaking in the multiple reservoir water resources systems initiated in 1979 by the "Regional Water Management" Research Task of the Resources and Environment Area of IIASA. Following introduction to some basic concepts of a hierarchical approach to the control of complex systems, the model of the Upper Vistula System in Poland is presented and the results of preliminary computations are discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of The operation of Lake Kariba: A multiobjective decision analysis

Journal of Multi-criteria Decision Analysis, Dec 1, 1995

The paper describes a successful application of Bayesian decision analysis to the operation of th... more The paper describes a successful application of Bayesian decision analysis to the operation of the Lake Kariba hydropower system. This management problem is complicated by the high uncertainty of the inflow process, multiple and conflicting objectives and the influence of time on some of the parameters in the management task. Inflows to the reservoir are forecast through dynamic linear models. Managerial preferences are modelled through a multiattribute utility function. Since the solution of the exact model is computationally too demanding, a heuristic method is applied to find a feasible control strategy. A comparison with results obtained by methods used previously demonstrates the superiority of the methodology presented here.

Research paper thumbnail of Multiobjective Operation of Zambezi River Reservoirs

Research paper thumbnail of Interactive Computer Support System for the Management of Large Rivers: The Zambezi River Case Study

IFAC Proceedings Volumes, Aug 1, 1990

A bstract. The paper presents the basic concepts of an interactive PC-AT based software package I... more A bstract. The paper presents the basic concepts of an interactive PC-AT based software package IRIS for simulation analysis of various development planning and management policy options in large river systems. IRIS package together with multiobjective optimization was used to analyse problems of hydropower generation and operation of reservoirs in the Zambezi river basin. Problems of water management in the basin were discussed and approaches to solve formulated decision problem presented. Combined use of optimization and simulation techniques is discussed: proposed optimal solution of the problem was analysed in the framework of IRIS to detect the impact of modification of this solution on the system's performances, including secondary objectives. Finally, conclusions on the applicability of IRIS package are drawn .

Research paper thumbnail of Interactive simulation for planning, managing and negotiating

A project being carried out at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis and vario... more A project being carried out at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis and various collaborating research institutes and universities in Europe and in North America is attempting to develop and evaluate the effectivenesss of decision-support systems for river planning, management and conflict negotiation. Two river basin case studies have been selected, the Danube and the Zambezi. Both are international rivers and because of that, the use of the water by one country can adversely impact on another country. One river basin is in a developed region, the other is not. Given these varying conditions, can a relatively recently developed tool, using microcomputers and interactive computer graphicsbased programs for data input, editing, analysis and display, significanlty help those who must plan, manage or negotiate conflicts? Can this new technology actually narrow the gap rather than widen it? While the answers to these questions are not yet known, this paper describes in more detail the research that is indeed aimed at narrowing the gap between the modelers, analysts and computer scientists, and those who can use their skills and this technology to help plan, manage, and resolve conflicts involving, the use of large river systems.

Research paper thumbnail of Water Demand for Generating Electricity - A Mathematical Programming Approach with Application in Poland

NASA STI/Recon Technical Report N, Apr 1, 1982

International Standard Book Number 3-7045-00364 Research Reports, which record research conducted... more International Standard Book Number 3-7045-00364 Research Reports, which record research conducted at IIASA, are independently reviewed before publication. However, the views and opinions they express are not necessarily those of the lnstitute or the National Member Organizations that support it.

Research paper thumbnail of An attempt to facilitate water management issues in the Zambezi river basin using decision support systems

Regulated rivers, Sep 1, 1988

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Management of large international rivers - practical experience from a research perspective

Experience gained from research conducted at the International Institute for Applied Systems Anal... more Experience gained from research conducted at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis is presented. Objectives and main directions of research are discussed. Water management issues for two case study rivers - the Danube and the Zambezi - are briefly presented, and then experiences in dealing with institutional and organizational aspects of the research are examined. Conclusions summarize both positive and negative experiences and recommendations are made concerning further activities in this field.

Research paper thumbnail of New Directions in a Water Resources Management – Decision Suppport Systems on the Web

WORLD SCIENTIFIC eBooks, Jun 1, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Management of Water Resources Using Storage Reservoirs

Research paper thumbnail of BayRes: A System for Stochastic Multiobjective Reservoir Operations

Springer eBooks, 1997

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of transparency on decision making the case of Euphrates and tigris river water use

Transparency is an important factor in decision making because availability of information aids i... more Transparency is an important factor in decision making because availability of information aids in clarity of thought. This paper focuses on information transparency and examines its impact on decision making through a case study of river water use in the Euphrates and the Tigris, Iraq. To conduct a detailed discussion on the role of transparency, other related concepts, namely uncertainty, indeterminacy, and instability in players' decisions, are defined in the framework of a game theoretical model, and the effects of them on the results of decision making are analyzed.

Research paper thumbnail of Building Capacity for Better Water Decision Making through Internet-Based Decision Support Systems

IGI Global eBooks, Jan 18, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Multiple criteria optimization in analysis of conflict associated with Al-Tharthar reservoir operation

Al-Tharthar reservoir together with much smaller Al-Habbaniya reservoir play vital role in securi... more Al-Tharthar reservoir together with much smaller Al-Habbaniya reservoir play vital role in securing water supply to agricultural users in a downstream basin of joint Euphrates-Tigris river basin. High dependency of farmers on water provided from the reservoirs causes permanent conflict of interests between short-term objective of the farmers to maximize their agricultural production and long-term goal of the reservoir operator to secure water supply in the future. Operation policy of the reservoir serves on one side as the mechanism to balance these two conflicting objectives, and as a tool to make decisions about water distribution among users. To improve efficiency of the reservoir operation, the research focused on various modifications of the existing operation policy has been undertaken. Since the results of the reservoir operation can be evaluated using 34 criteria, a Multiple Criteria Analysis of Discrete Alternatives tool has been applied to evaluate results of the operation policy modifications. The paper will present details of the research approach and conclusions reached in a course of the study.

Research paper thumbnail of Operation of Multiple Reservoir Systems: A Case Study of the Upper Vistula System (An Introduction)

Water resource systems have been an important part of resources and environment related research ... more Water resource systems have been an important part of resources and environment related research at IIASA since its inception. As demands for water increase relative to supply, the intensity and efficiency of water resources management must be developed further. This in turn requires an increase in the degree of detail and sophistication of the analysisk including economic, social and environmental evaluation of water resources development alternatives aided by application of mathematical modeling techniques, to generate inputs for planning, design, and operational decisions.

Research paper thumbnail of Public participation in the governance of international freshwater resources

United Nations University Press is the publishing arm of the United Nations University. The UNU P... more United Nations University Press is the publishing arm of the United Nations University. The UNU Press publishes scholarly and policy-oriented books and periodicals on the issues facing the United Nations and its people and member states, with particular emphasis upon international, regional, and transboundary policies. The United Nations University is an organ of the United Nations established by the General Assembly in 1972 to be an international community of scholars engaged in research, advanced training, and the dissemination of knowledge related to the pressing global problems of human survival, development, and welfare. Its activities focus mainly on the areas of peace and governance, environment, and sustainable development, and science and technology in relation to human welfare. The University operates through a worldwide network of research and postgraduate training centres, with its planning and coordinating headquarters in Tokyo.

Research paper thumbnail of Intelligent Decision Support for Reservoir Operations

Factors like multiple uncertainty sources, multiple objectives, time-effects over preferences and... more Factors like multiple uncertainty sources, multiple objectives, time-effects over preferences and the hierarchical nature of the planning process increase the complexity of reservoir management problems. We describe developments in a methodology for reservoir operations and its implementation in an intelligent decision support system.

Research paper thumbnail of New directions in the development of decision support systems for water resources management

Research paper thumbnail of Reservoir Management Decision Support

We describe our work in developing decision support tools to manage large international rivers. T... more We describe our work in developing decision support tools to manage large international rivers. This is a complex environmental decision making problem due to the presence of multiple objectives stemming from multiple uses of the reservoirs (energy production, irrigation, flood protection, £ ¤ £ ¥ £), several sources of uncertainty (inflows, water demand, evaporation, £ ¥ £ ¤ £), long-term effects of decisions, £ ¥ £ ¤ £ In comparison with other methodologies applied to solve operational problems, decision analysis has provided effective means to model preferences and beliefs of managers, leading to complex stochastic dynamic programming problems. To solve them, we have introduced novel computational strategies. The practical success of our approach stimulated us to develop BayRes, an interactive and integrated Decision Support System for solving operational control problems for reservoir management. Recent improvements in BayRes will be also discussed.