Kirtan Patel - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Kirtan Patel

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

2022 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning, 2020

The world is facing an unprecedented crisis in the form of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19... more The world is facing an unprecedented crisis in the form of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Clinicians and their working environments are under considerable pressures that have not previously been encountered. Consequently, clinicians have had to change their practice significantly to enable safe care for their patients, whilst ensuring their own safety. The majority of COVID-19 simulation to date has been either virtual or in-situ, with the aim of training specific departments. With this in mind, as the Hillingdon Hospital Education Team, we developed a simulation that would provide generic training on COVID-19 for staff across our Trust in various departments and roles. Our aim was to teach staff how to manage patients whilst protecting themselves during this pandemic.

This thesis demonstrates the intersection of caste, doctrine, religious authority and monasticism... more This thesis demonstrates the intersection of caste, doctrine, religious authority and monasticism in the Swaminarayan sampradāy, a Hindu devotional tradition founded by Sahajānand Svāmī. Religious traditions affected indirectly or minimally by colonialism or the nationalist struggle have seldom been rigorously studied. This thesis brings attention to the Swaminarayan sampradāy to highlight how pervasive societal discourses like that of caste and internal doctrinal developments, impacted religious developments concerning authority, hierarchy, and power. The reification of a doctrine and the creation of a theological office, coupled with the deification of a monk, Guṇātītānand Svāmī, and his low-caste disciple Prāgjī manifested a fractious environment in which theology, authority and ideas about monasticism came to be contested. Theological ideas drove Prāgjī's developing community, who adapted their devotion to Prāgjī as a result of stifling institutional politics and a modernizing Gujarat. Prāgjī's incessant preaching, distinct theological beliefs and own budding community, which adored him, changed the course of Swaminarayan Hinduism in western India.

2021 International Symposium on Medical Robotics (ISMR), 2021

Advanced resuscitative technologies, such as Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) cannulat... more Advanced resuscitative technologies, such as Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) cannulation or Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA), are technically difficult even for skilled medical personnel. This paper describes the core technologies that comprise a teleoperated system capable of granting femoral vascular access, which is an important step in both of these procedures and a major roadblock in their wider use in the field. These technologies include a kinematic manipulator, various sensing modalities, and a user interface. In addition, we evaluate our system on a surgical phantom as well as invivo porcine experiments. These resulted in, to the best of our knowledge, the first robot-assisted arterial catheterizations; a major step towards our eventual goal of automatic catheter insertion through the Seldinger technique.

Volume 10B: Structures and Dynamics, 2020

Industrial gas turbine blades are subjected to high temperatures and an array of mechanical and d... more Industrial gas turbine blades are subjected to high temperatures and an array of mechanical and dynamic loads, making creep and high-cycle fatigue critical aspects of turbine blade design. The combination of creep and high-cycle fatigue produces a synergistic interaction effect whose explicit consequence to turbine life has been the subject of very little research. This interaction remains unaccounted for by current, decoupled life prediction models, which traditionally incorporate such interactions into conservative design safety factors. Improved lifing models capable of capturing these effects are now needed in order to maintain current reliability standards in next-generation operating conditions. This research identifies the life-limiting aspect of a combined high-cycle fatigue and creep response in conventionally cast Alloy 247 LC, and captures the interaction of the two loads in a novel life prediction model. The proposed model is created from a comprehensive collection of ex...

Medical Teacher, 2021

Theatre-based learning is an essential component of undergraduate surgical education and offers a... more Theatre-based learning is an essential component of undergraduate surgical education and offers a wide range of learning opportunities. However, studies have demonstrated that medical students have not always benefited from this holistic learning environme nt due to many reasons, including intimidation, hierarchies within the surgical environment and fear of making mistakes. The lead surgical educator's approach is an important influence on the experience and learning of their medical students. These twelve tips are aimed at surgical educators with undergraduate teaching responsibilities. This guidance is based upon evidence from literature and established theories of teaching and learning, supplemented by qualitative interviews with surgeons and medical stud ents. The resulting tips were checked and refined by surgical teaching fellows. These learner-centred tips provide guidance on thorough induction, managing mutual expectations and approaches that optimise teaching and learning in the operating theatre. They are designed to support surgical educators in improving their students' engagement and learning experiences in this setting.

Distributed Computing and Internet Technology, 2019

Blockchain has demonstrated immense potential leading to act as one of the key catalysts in the 4... more Blockchain has demonstrated immense potential leading to act as one of the key catalysts in the 4th Industrial revolution. Smart Contract is the programmable transactions, which enables and enforces complex transactions on Blockchain. Blockchain-enabled Smart Contracts are driving force for ubiquitous applications of Blockchain across the fields of Health, Education, Banking and many more. In this paper, we discuss one such use case of Blockchain in the field of Education, called it Transcript Management. Whenever students move from one institute to another, they are expected to submit an official transcript from the previous institute. Currently deployed conventional method of operation is highly inefficient, lacks transparency and leaves data susceptible to forgery or tampering. This paper presents a new method involving Blockchain-enabled smart contracts for sharing and managing transcripts across different institutions. We have proposed algorithms for different modules, namely transcript issuance, verification, acceptance, and the analysis and implementation results of these modules assure both security and efficiency required for this application.

A novel technology designed to use fluid induced vibrations in a tensioned strap as the driving f... more A novel technology designed to use fluid induced vibrations in a tensioned strap as the driving force for electrical generation is explored. We have developed a device to harness wind energy by using a tuned surface vibrating in airflow. As an unstable surface, under tension, encounters airflow it vibrates causing the distance spanned by the surface to oscillate. We tune the tension in the surface to achieve a large amplitude and short period oscillation. This motion drives a ratchet and flywheel which can turn a generator. Prototype systems have shown promise including output in excess of 750 rpm. These low noise, low action generators may allow for urban deployment, deployment in low infrastructure areas, and supplementation of existing wind farm structures. The development of these devices has involved designing a system to achieve constructive interference and large amplitude semi-stable oscillation which is not normally a feature desired in a bluff body design. The design ...

European Chemical Bulletin, 2021

A strategic specific and sensitive quantitative analysis of Minoxidil and Finasteride has been de... more A strategic specific and sensitive quantitative analysis of Minoxidil and Finasteride has been developed by using HPLC with reliable, precise, and accurate result in bulk and marketed formulation. In this method Phenomenex C 18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column was used as stationary phase and a composition of Methanol: Water (85:15 v/v) was used as mobile phase. An isocratic elution programming has been done at a flow rate of 1 mL min -1 . The eluted analytes show appreciable absorbance at 223 nm. The proposed RP-LC method was validated according to ICH guidelines. The retention time of Minoxidil and Finasteride was found to be 3.15 min and 4.36 min respectively. The method was found to be linear over a range of 6 – 54 µg mL -1 for Minoxidil and 0.2-1.8 µg mL -1 for Finasteride. The percentage recovery was found to be 99.88-100.85 % for Minoxidil and 99.99-100.33 % for Finasteride. The proposed reverse phase LC method has potential qualitative as well as quantitative applications for ...

International Journal of Fatigue, 2021

Abstract The capability to accurately predict creep and high-cycle fatigue (HCF) lifetime is cruc... more Abstract The capability to accurately predict creep and high-cycle fatigue (HCF) lifetime is crucial to the successful design of an industrial gas turbine. In particular, turbine blades are subjected to extreme environments, where elevated temperatures and an array of mechanical and dynamic loads are present. Increased temperatures and aggressive designs are needed to meet next-generation efficiency and power output targets, further intensifying blade loading conditions and enabling new life-limiting concerns, such as the interaction of HCF and creep. The interaction of HCF and creep has not been fully investigated, and is not adequately captured in existing life prediction models. This lifing capability is needed to maintain current reliability standards in next-generation industrial gas turbine blades. The life-limiting interaction of creep and HCF is explored in this study using standard and pre-crept test specimens of a conventionally cast Alloy 247 LC material subjected to high temperature, high frequency loading until failure. The experimental data are obtained for two temperatures, three stress ratios, and a range of pre-creep strains, providing a comprehensive survey of synchronous and stepwise interactions. A microstructurally-informed life prediction model is created by leveraging existing principles with the experimental results and the findings of from a thorough post-test failure analysis.

Superalloys 2020, 2020

There is a constant push for higher efficiencies, lower cost, and increased power in power-genera... more There is a constant push for higher efficiencies, lower cost, and increased power in power-generating and propulsion gas turbines. In order to meet these requirements, hot section materials with higher temperature capabilities are needed. Ni-base superalloys are selected for these applications. In this study, commercially available and model Ni-based superalloy compositions were simulated with thermodynamic calculations using Thermo-Calc software, which were then experimentally evaluated. Previously, alloy development campaigns have relied heavily on preparing many heats of alloys to examine the effect of various alloying additions and various levels to down-select a single alloy. Methods like PHACOMP have used understanding of partitioning behavior for alloy design. More recent studies have utilized regression analysis of empirical data to inform new alloy design. Physical models can be used to improve upon these methods. The ability to use computational materials science approaches to reduce the number of heats processed in an alloy development program was explored. By validating database sensitivity to compositional changes, future alloy development work can be performed precisely, leading to faster alloy development, validation, and implementation. Model alloys were optimized for phase stability, cost, and density. Continued experimental validation of thermodynamic prediction databases will create a more robust system for alloy property prediction and development.

Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 2020

The emergence of ambient ionization techniques and their combination with smaller, cheaper mass s... more The emergence of ambient ionization techniques and their combination with smaller, cheaper mass spectrometers is beginning to make real the possibility of mass spectrometry measurements being made routinely outside of traditional laboratory settings. Here, we describe the development of an atmospheric solids analysis probe (ASAP) source for a commercially available miniaturized, single-quadrupole mass spectrometer and subsequent modification of the instrument to allow it to run as a deployable system; we further go on to describe the application of this instrument to the identification of the contents of drug seizures. For the drug seizure analysis, a small quantity of the material (powder, tablet, resin, etc.) was dissolved in ethanol and shaken to extract the analytes, the resulting solutions were then sampled by dipping a sealed glass capillary into the solution prior to analysis by ASAP-MS. Identification of the contents of the seizures was carried out using a NIST searching approach utilizing a bespoke spectral library containing 46 compounds representative of those most commonly encountered in UK forensic laboratories. In order to increase confidence in identification the library sample and subsequent analyses were carried out using a four-channel acquisition method; each channel in this method used a different cone voltage (15, 30, 50, and 70 V) inducing differing levels of in-source fragmentation in each channel; the match score across each channel was then used for identification. Using this developed method, a set of 50 real-life drug samples was analyzed with each of these being identified correctly using the library searching method.

SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS, 2020

Natural Products and Bioprospecting, 2020

Carotenoids are the phytochemicals known for their biological activities. They are found in natur... more Carotenoids are the phytochemicals known for their biological activities. They are found in nature in the form of plants, algae, fungi and in microorganisms. This is the major group having two different structure one with oxygen and without oxygen. The Present article aims to present these molecules as a new therapeutic agent, as it has unrealized efficiency to prevent and reduce the symptoms of many diseases like cancer, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer, cerebral ischemia, diabetes associated with obesity and hypertension, ophthalmic diseases and many more. It can be utilized in the form of dietary supplement as nutraceutical and pharmaceutical compounds. Yet more research and developing test knowledge is needed to make it available to the humans. In this article its sources, biosynthesis, properties, applicability and commercialization of pigments from naturally produced sources are discussed. Graphic Abstract

SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS, 2020

American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2015

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

2022 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning, 2020

The world is facing an unprecedented crisis in the form of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19... more The world is facing an unprecedented crisis in the form of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Clinicians and their working environments are under considerable pressures that have not previously been encountered. Consequently, clinicians have had to change their practice significantly to enable safe care for their patients, whilst ensuring their own safety. The majority of COVID-19 simulation to date has been either virtual or in-situ, with the aim of training specific departments. With this in mind, as the Hillingdon Hospital Education Team, we developed a simulation that would provide generic training on COVID-19 for staff across our Trust in various departments and roles. Our aim was to teach staff how to manage patients whilst protecting themselves during this pandemic.

This thesis demonstrates the intersection of caste, doctrine, religious authority and monasticism... more This thesis demonstrates the intersection of caste, doctrine, religious authority and monasticism in the Swaminarayan sampradāy, a Hindu devotional tradition founded by Sahajānand Svāmī. Religious traditions affected indirectly or minimally by colonialism or the nationalist struggle have seldom been rigorously studied. This thesis brings attention to the Swaminarayan sampradāy to highlight how pervasive societal discourses like that of caste and internal doctrinal developments, impacted religious developments concerning authority, hierarchy, and power. The reification of a doctrine and the creation of a theological office, coupled with the deification of a monk, Guṇātītānand Svāmī, and his low-caste disciple Prāgjī manifested a fractious environment in which theology, authority and ideas about monasticism came to be contested. Theological ideas drove Prāgjī's developing community, who adapted their devotion to Prāgjī as a result of stifling institutional politics and a modernizing Gujarat. Prāgjī's incessant preaching, distinct theological beliefs and own budding community, which adored him, changed the course of Swaminarayan Hinduism in western India.

2021 International Symposium on Medical Robotics (ISMR), 2021

Advanced resuscitative technologies, such as Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) cannulat... more Advanced resuscitative technologies, such as Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) cannulation or Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA), are technically difficult even for skilled medical personnel. This paper describes the core technologies that comprise a teleoperated system capable of granting femoral vascular access, which is an important step in both of these procedures and a major roadblock in their wider use in the field. These technologies include a kinematic manipulator, various sensing modalities, and a user interface. In addition, we evaluate our system on a surgical phantom as well as invivo porcine experiments. These resulted in, to the best of our knowledge, the first robot-assisted arterial catheterizations; a major step towards our eventual goal of automatic catheter insertion through the Seldinger technique.

Volume 10B: Structures and Dynamics, 2020

Industrial gas turbine blades are subjected to high temperatures and an array of mechanical and d... more Industrial gas turbine blades are subjected to high temperatures and an array of mechanical and dynamic loads, making creep and high-cycle fatigue critical aspects of turbine blade design. The combination of creep and high-cycle fatigue produces a synergistic interaction effect whose explicit consequence to turbine life has been the subject of very little research. This interaction remains unaccounted for by current, decoupled life prediction models, which traditionally incorporate such interactions into conservative design safety factors. Improved lifing models capable of capturing these effects are now needed in order to maintain current reliability standards in next-generation operating conditions. This research identifies the life-limiting aspect of a combined high-cycle fatigue and creep response in conventionally cast Alloy 247 LC, and captures the interaction of the two loads in a novel life prediction model. The proposed model is created from a comprehensive collection of ex...

Medical Teacher, 2021

Theatre-based learning is an essential component of undergraduate surgical education and offers a... more Theatre-based learning is an essential component of undergraduate surgical education and offers a wide range of learning opportunities. However, studies have demonstrated that medical students have not always benefited from this holistic learning environme nt due to many reasons, including intimidation, hierarchies within the surgical environment and fear of making mistakes. The lead surgical educator's approach is an important influence on the experience and learning of their medical students. These twelve tips are aimed at surgical educators with undergraduate teaching responsibilities. This guidance is based upon evidence from literature and established theories of teaching and learning, supplemented by qualitative interviews with surgeons and medical stud ents. The resulting tips were checked and refined by surgical teaching fellows. These learner-centred tips provide guidance on thorough induction, managing mutual expectations and approaches that optimise teaching and learning in the operating theatre. They are designed to support surgical educators in improving their students' engagement and learning experiences in this setting.

Distributed Computing and Internet Technology, 2019

Blockchain has demonstrated immense potential leading to act as one of the key catalysts in the 4... more Blockchain has demonstrated immense potential leading to act as one of the key catalysts in the 4th Industrial revolution. Smart Contract is the programmable transactions, which enables and enforces complex transactions on Blockchain. Blockchain-enabled Smart Contracts are driving force for ubiquitous applications of Blockchain across the fields of Health, Education, Banking and many more. In this paper, we discuss one such use case of Blockchain in the field of Education, called it Transcript Management. Whenever students move from one institute to another, they are expected to submit an official transcript from the previous institute. Currently deployed conventional method of operation is highly inefficient, lacks transparency and leaves data susceptible to forgery or tampering. This paper presents a new method involving Blockchain-enabled smart contracts for sharing and managing transcripts across different institutions. We have proposed algorithms for different modules, namely transcript issuance, verification, acceptance, and the analysis and implementation results of these modules assure both security and efficiency required for this application.

A novel technology designed to use fluid induced vibrations in a tensioned strap as the driving f... more A novel technology designed to use fluid induced vibrations in a tensioned strap as the driving force for electrical generation is explored. We have developed a device to harness wind energy by using a tuned surface vibrating in airflow. As an unstable surface, under tension, encounters airflow it vibrates causing the distance spanned by the surface to oscillate. We tune the tension in the surface to achieve a large amplitude and short period oscillation. This motion drives a ratchet and flywheel which can turn a generator. Prototype systems have shown promise including output in excess of 750 rpm. These low noise, low action generators may allow for urban deployment, deployment in low infrastructure areas, and supplementation of existing wind farm structures. The development of these devices has involved designing a system to achieve constructive interference and large amplitude semi-stable oscillation which is not normally a feature desired in a bluff body design. The design ...

European Chemical Bulletin, 2021

A strategic specific and sensitive quantitative analysis of Minoxidil and Finasteride has been de... more A strategic specific and sensitive quantitative analysis of Minoxidil and Finasteride has been developed by using HPLC with reliable, precise, and accurate result in bulk and marketed formulation. In this method Phenomenex C 18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column was used as stationary phase and a composition of Methanol: Water (85:15 v/v) was used as mobile phase. An isocratic elution programming has been done at a flow rate of 1 mL min -1 . The eluted analytes show appreciable absorbance at 223 nm. The proposed RP-LC method was validated according to ICH guidelines. The retention time of Minoxidil and Finasteride was found to be 3.15 min and 4.36 min respectively. The method was found to be linear over a range of 6 – 54 µg mL -1 for Minoxidil and 0.2-1.8 µg mL -1 for Finasteride. The percentage recovery was found to be 99.88-100.85 % for Minoxidil and 99.99-100.33 % for Finasteride. The proposed reverse phase LC method has potential qualitative as well as quantitative applications for ...

International Journal of Fatigue, 2021

Abstract The capability to accurately predict creep and high-cycle fatigue (HCF) lifetime is cruc... more Abstract The capability to accurately predict creep and high-cycle fatigue (HCF) lifetime is crucial to the successful design of an industrial gas turbine. In particular, turbine blades are subjected to extreme environments, where elevated temperatures and an array of mechanical and dynamic loads are present. Increased temperatures and aggressive designs are needed to meet next-generation efficiency and power output targets, further intensifying blade loading conditions and enabling new life-limiting concerns, such as the interaction of HCF and creep. The interaction of HCF and creep has not been fully investigated, and is not adequately captured in existing life prediction models. This lifing capability is needed to maintain current reliability standards in next-generation industrial gas turbine blades. The life-limiting interaction of creep and HCF is explored in this study using standard and pre-crept test specimens of a conventionally cast Alloy 247 LC material subjected to high temperature, high frequency loading until failure. The experimental data are obtained for two temperatures, three stress ratios, and a range of pre-creep strains, providing a comprehensive survey of synchronous and stepwise interactions. A microstructurally-informed life prediction model is created by leveraging existing principles with the experimental results and the findings of from a thorough post-test failure analysis.

Superalloys 2020, 2020

There is a constant push for higher efficiencies, lower cost, and increased power in power-genera... more There is a constant push for higher efficiencies, lower cost, and increased power in power-generating and propulsion gas turbines. In order to meet these requirements, hot section materials with higher temperature capabilities are needed. Ni-base superalloys are selected for these applications. In this study, commercially available and model Ni-based superalloy compositions were simulated with thermodynamic calculations using Thermo-Calc software, which were then experimentally evaluated. Previously, alloy development campaigns have relied heavily on preparing many heats of alloys to examine the effect of various alloying additions and various levels to down-select a single alloy. Methods like PHACOMP have used understanding of partitioning behavior for alloy design. More recent studies have utilized regression analysis of empirical data to inform new alloy design. Physical models can be used to improve upon these methods. The ability to use computational materials science approaches to reduce the number of heats processed in an alloy development program was explored. By validating database sensitivity to compositional changes, future alloy development work can be performed precisely, leading to faster alloy development, validation, and implementation. Model alloys were optimized for phase stability, cost, and density. Continued experimental validation of thermodynamic prediction databases will create a more robust system for alloy property prediction and development.

Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 2020

The emergence of ambient ionization techniques and their combination with smaller, cheaper mass s... more The emergence of ambient ionization techniques and their combination with smaller, cheaper mass spectrometers is beginning to make real the possibility of mass spectrometry measurements being made routinely outside of traditional laboratory settings. Here, we describe the development of an atmospheric solids analysis probe (ASAP) source for a commercially available miniaturized, single-quadrupole mass spectrometer and subsequent modification of the instrument to allow it to run as a deployable system; we further go on to describe the application of this instrument to the identification of the contents of drug seizures. For the drug seizure analysis, a small quantity of the material (powder, tablet, resin, etc.) was dissolved in ethanol and shaken to extract the analytes, the resulting solutions were then sampled by dipping a sealed glass capillary into the solution prior to analysis by ASAP-MS. Identification of the contents of the seizures was carried out using a NIST searching approach utilizing a bespoke spectral library containing 46 compounds representative of those most commonly encountered in UK forensic laboratories. In order to increase confidence in identification the library sample and subsequent analyses were carried out using a four-channel acquisition method; each channel in this method used a different cone voltage (15, 30, 50, and 70 V) inducing differing levels of in-source fragmentation in each channel; the match score across each channel was then used for identification. Using this developed method, a set of 50 real-life drug samples was analyzed with each of these being identified correctly using the library searching method.

SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS, 2020

Natural Products and Bioprospecting, 2020

Carotenoids are the phytochemicals known for their biological activities. They are found in natur... more Carotenoids are the phytochemicals known for their biological activities. They are found in nature in the form of plants, algae, fungi and in microorganisms. This is the major group having two different structure one with oxygen and without oxygen. The Present article aims to present these molecules as a new therapeutic agent, as it has unrealized efficiency to prevent and reduce the symptoms of many diseases like cancer, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer, cerebral ischemia, diabetes associated with obesity and hypertension, ophthalmic diseases and many more. It can be utilized in the form of dietary supplement as nutraceutical and pharmaceutical compounds. Yet more research and developing test knowledge is needed to make it available to the humans. In this article its sources, biosynthesis, properties, applicability and commercialization of pigments from naturally produced sources are discussed. Graphic Abstract

SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS, 2020

American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2015