Klaokwan Srisook - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Klaokwan Srisook
This research studied effects of drying methods and extraction conditions on total phenolic and f... more This research studied effects of drying methods and extraction conditions on total phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant activities of Helicteres isora L. extracts by testing three antioxidant activities were DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power and metal chelating activity. The extracts from overexposuring to the sun and drying at 170 o C exhibited the highest total phenolic content of all solvent extracts, excepted 95% ethanol extract. The extracts from drying at 150 o C exhibited the highest flavonoid content in ethanol extract. The flavonoid content of aqueous extracts were depended on drying temperature. To determine antioxidant activities, reducing power and DPPH radical scavenging activity increased when the drying temperature was increased. The total phenolic content also showed good influence to antioxidant activities, reducing power and DPPH radical scavenging activity as evidenced by the correlation coefficient value of 0.9785 and 0.8115. All 70% etha...
This research study was aimed to determine the effect of extraction conditions on total phenolic,... more This research study was aimed to determine the effect of extraction conditions on total phenolic, flavonoid content and antioxidant activities of different part of Citrus aurantium L. extracts. The peels, leaves, and branches of C. aurantium L. were extracted with water (autoclave 121°C), water (100 °C), ethanol 40%, 70%, and 95% v/v, respectively. The peel extract exhibited superior total phenolic content, reducing power, and DPPH radical scavenging activity than that leaf and branch extract. In contrast, total flavonoid content of leaf extracts were higher than that peel and branch extract. The water (100°C) extract of peels and leaves and water (autoclave 121°C) extract of branches with the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC 50 = 0.236 ± 0.008, 0.579 ± 0.021, and 0.733 ± 0.002 mg/mL, respectively).Total phenolic content showed positive correlations on the DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power (R = 0.5606 and R = 0.8358, respectively). These results suggest...
Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus ) is a widely consumed fruit. It is known that the cultivar and pa... more Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus ) is a widely consumed fruit. It is known that the cultivar and parts of fruit affect biological activities of watermelon. Thus, the aim of this study was to comparatively study on antioxidant and nitric oxide-inducing activities of different parts (outer skin, epicarp, mesocarp and seeds) of five watermelon cultivars grown in Thailand (Kinnaree, Torpedo, Yaya, Runrun and King orange). The antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH radical scavenging activity assay. The inducing effect on nitric oxide (NO) production was determined in human vein endothelial cells (EA.hy 926). It was found that the extract of all cultivars exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity and induced NO production. The outer skin of Torpedo cultivar showed the highest antioxidant and NO-inducing activities. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the cultivars and fruit sampling area influence on antioxidant and NO-inducing activity of watermelon. The ...
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2021
Etlingera pavieana is known as a spice and medicinal plant. According to previous reports, E. pav... more Etlingera pavieana is known as a spice and medicinal plant. According to previous reports, E. pavieana extracts exhibit various biological activities. However, the content of the primary phenylpropanoids of the E. pavieana rhizomal extract, 4-methoxycinnamyl p-coumarate (MCC) and trans-4-methoxycinnamaldehyde (MCD), has not been determined. This study was designed to validate a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method that quantified MCC and MCD from E. pavieana extracts. The method was validated based on the international council for harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The method displayed acceptable validation parameters, such as an excellent correlation coefficient higher than 0.999. The linearities of the response range of MCD and MCC were 1.00-20.00 and 2.5-60.00 µg/ml, respectively. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were found to be 4.16 and 12.48 ng/ml, respectively, for MCD and 10.42 and 31.26 ng/ml, respectively, for MCC. The percentage relative standard deviation (RSD) of repeatability and intermediate precision were 1.03%-5.80% and 3.14%-6.84%, respectively. The ethyl acetate extracts prepared by the maceration and reflux method yielded the largest amount of MCD and MCC. This study confirmed that the high-performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous analysis of MCD and MCC was accurate, sensitive, and reproducible. This method can be used to quantitate the content of MCD and MCC in E. pavieana extracts.
Tetrahedron Letters, 2021
Abstract A convenient method for the one-pot synthesis of long alkyl-chain triazolylglycosides us... more Abstract A convenient method for the one-pot synthesis of long alkyl-chain triazolylglycosides using ionic liquid as dual promoter and solvent is described via a sequential one-pot two-step glycosidation-CuAAc click reaction. The reaction was carried out using commercially available substrates, including glycosyl bromides, sodium azide and various long alkyl-chain alkynes to achieve the corresponding products in moderate to high yields. Furthermore, this approach was successfully applied for the preparation of non-ionic monocatenary triazolylglycoside surfactants in excellent yields through simple deacetylation. Subsequently, these surfactants were further evaluated for their cytotoxic activity.
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2020
Levan is a fructose polymer with β-(2 → 6) glycosidic linkages. It is produced by several microor... more Levan is a fructose polymer with β-(2 → 6) glycosidic linkages. It is produced by several microorganisms, and due to its potential biotechnological and industrial applications, various levan-producing bacteria with different levels of production efficiencies have been reported. We investigated the levan-producing ability of the acetic acid bacterium, Tanticharoenia sakaeratensis. The exopolysaccharides produced by the bacterium under a sucrose environment were characterized as levan by FT-IR, and 1 H and 13 C NMR. The molecular weight of levan thus produced range from 1.0 × 10 5-6.8 × 10 5 Da. The maximum yield of levan from T. sakaeratensis is 24.7 g•L −1 in a liquid medium containing 20% (w/v) sucrose and incubated at 37°C, 250 RPM for 35 h. The levan produced by T. sakaeratensis can promote nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 macrophage cells in a concentrationdependent manner, suggesting it has immunomodulatory effects. Our study reveals that T. sakaeratensis can be potentially employed as a new source of levan for industrial applications.
Medicinal Plants - Use in Prevention and Treatment of Diseases [Working Title], 2019
Etlingera pavieana (Pierre ex Gagnep) R.M.Sm. (Zingiberaceae family) is commonly found in Southea... more Etlingera pavieana (Pierre ex Gagnep) R.M.Sm. (Zingiberaceae family) is commonly found in Southeast Asia. The rhizome of the plant is used as a spice and folk medicine in southeastern Thailand and Cambodia. The extracts, essential oil, and compounds from E. pavieana were found to possess a variety of pharmacological activities like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiatherogenic, and antimicrobial effects. Furthermore, phytochemical studies have reported the presence of various chemical constituents, the main being phenylpropanoids such as trans-4-methoxycinnamaldehyde (MCD) and 4-methoxycinnamyl p-coumarate (MCC). Therefore, E. pavieana seems to be a potential source of natural products for treatment of various diseases and promotion of good health.
Tetrahedron, 2018
To create your abstract, type over the instructions in the template box below. Fonts or abstract ... more To create your abstract, type over the instructions in the template box below. Fonts or abstract dimensions should not be changed or altered. One-pot solvent-free synthesis of triaryl-and triheteroarylmethanes by Bi(OTf) 3-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts reaction of arenes/ heteroarenes with trialkyl orthoformates
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2019
Trans-4-methoxycinnamaldehyde (MCD) was isolated from the rhizomes of Etlingera pavieana (Pierre ... more Trans-4-methoxycinnamaldehyde (MCD) was isolated from the rhizomes of Etlingera pavieana (Pierre ex Gagnep.) R.M.Sm. MCD shows anti-inflammatory effects. However, the molecular mechanism underlying its anti-inflammatory action has not been described. In this study, we investigated this mechanism in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and found MCD significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2) production in a concentration-dependent manner. MCD could decrease LPS-and Pam3CSK4-induced the expressions of both iNOS and COX-2. The phosphorylation of inhibitory κB (IκB) and translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 subunit into the nucleus were also inhibited by MCD. Moreover, MCD suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of JNK except for ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Moreover, MCD significantly reduced ethyl phenylpropiolate-induced ear edema and carrageenaninduced paw edema in rat models. These findings indicated MCD has anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the production of NO and PGE 2 by blocking NF-κB and JNK/c-Jun signaling pathways. Collectively, these data suggest that MCD could be developed as a novel therapeutic agent for inflammatory disorders.
Phytomedicine, 2019
1 4-methoxycinnamyl p-coumarate isolated from Etlingera pavieana rhizomes inhibits inflammatory r... more 1 4-methoxycinnamyl p-coumarate isolated from Etlingera pavieana rhizomes inhibits inflammatory response via suppression of NF-B, Akt and AP-1 signaling in LPSstimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.
methane on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98829195/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](International Immunopharmacology, 2017
Involvement of p38 MAPK and ATF-2 signaling pathway in antiinflammatory effect of a novel compoun... more Involvement of p38 MAPK and ATF-2 signaling pathway in antiinflammatory effect of a novel compound bis[(5-methyl)2-furyl](4nitrophenyl)methane on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2015
Ethnopharmacological relevance: The leaves of Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. have commonly been... more Ethnopharmacological relevance: The leaves of Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. have commonly been used in Thai traditional medicine for treatment of inflammatory diseases. However, the bioactive compounds responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect of leaves have not been yet determined. The objective of the present study was to isolate these bioactive compounds by bioassay-guided isolation technique and to determine the mode of action of isolated compounds in LPS-induced macrophages. Materials and methods: Anti-inflammatory effect of various fractions (hexane, ethyl acetate and water) of ethanol extract of C. inerme leaves was determined from the production of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 macrophage stimulated with LPS. The mRNA and protein levels were determined also by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. Leaf bioactive compounds were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation technique using column chromatography. Results: The ethyl acetate fraction (EA) among solvent extracts provided the most potent inhibitory activity on NO production. Also, EA reduced the mRNA and protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Three known flavones, acacetin (1), hispidulin (2) and diosmetin (3), were isolated based on inhibition of NO production. Furthermore, hispidulin also inhibited PGE 2 production as well as iNOS and cyclooxygenase-2 expressions via the blockade of NF-κB DNAbinding activity and JNKway. Conclusions: Our results found acacetin (1), hispidulin (2) and diosmetin (3), were responsible for the anti-inflammatory properties of C. inerme leaves. We provide scientific evidence to support the usefulness of C. inerme leaves in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. & 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. of these mediators causes a harmful effect to tissues and organisms as well as has been associated with the pathogenesis of various inflammatory-related diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, and cancer (Yang et al., 2013). Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. (Verbenaceae family) known also as Sam-Ma-Nga in Thai or, seaside clerodendrum in English, occurs widely in coastal mangrove forests of Thailand (Office of Mangrove Resources Conservation, 2009) and other South Asian countries and is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of skin diseases, rheumatic pain and arthritis, fever, cough, hepatitis, and other inflammatory diseases (Shrivastava and Patel, 2007a; Chethana et al., 2013). The major chemical constituents of C. inerme are flavonoids, terpenes, steroids and phenolic compounds (Shrivastava and Patel, 2007b; Parveen et al., 2010; Shahabuddin et al., 2013). C. inerme possesses a number of biological activities including antimicrobial, anti-hepatotoxic, anti-oxidant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities (Gopal Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan 18, 2014
Molecular iodine has been used as an efficient catalyst for a double Friedel-Crafts reaction of v... more Molecular iodine has been used as an efficient catalyst for a double Friedel-Crafts reaction of various heteroarenes, i.e. 2-methylfuran, 2-ethylfuran, 2-methylthiophene, pyrrole, N-methylpyrrole and indole, using aldehydes as alkylating agents under "open-flask" conditions with toluene or water as the reaction media. In the presence of 10 mol% iodine in toluene at room temperature, both aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes reacted smoothly to give the corresponding bis(heteroaryl)alkanes in good to excellent yields. Interestingly, with water as the solvent, the bis(heteroaryl)alkane adducts were obtained in moderate to good yields. The use of mild reaction conditions, low catalyst loadings, and eco-friendly reagents in a single step synthesis are the advantages of the present procedure. In an effort to discover novel non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, the synthesized bis(heteroaryl)alkanes were evaluated for the anti-inflammatory activity in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-...
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2013
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Pluchea indica Less.: (Asteraceae) is a Thai medicinal plant used... more Ethnopharmacological relevance: Pluchea indica Less.: (Asteraceae) is a Thai medicinal plant used in traditional medicine for the treatment of hemorrhoids, lumbago, leucorrhoea and inflammation. This study investigated the molecular mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity of Pluchea indica leaf extract in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and also determined its action in acute inflammation animal models. Materials and methods: The inhibitory effect of Pluchea indica leaf extract on LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production was evaluated by Griess reaction. Protein and mRNA expressions were determined by real time RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis, respectively. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) promoter activity was evaluated by iNOS promoter based reporter gene assay. In vivo anti-inflammatory effect was examined in ethylphenylpropiolate (EPP)-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema in rat models. Results: Ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract of Pluchea indica leaves (EFPI) exhibited the potent inhibitory effect on NO production in LPS-induced macrophages and also inhibited PGE 2 release. EFPI reduced iNOS mRNA and protein expression through suppressed iNOS promoter activity and nuclear translocation of subunit p65 of nuclear factor-kB, but did not inhibit phosphorylation of the mitogenactivated protein kinases (MAPKs). Moreover, EFPI possessed anti-inflammatory activities on acute phase of inflammation as seen in EPP-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. Conclusions: These data support the pharmacological basis of Pluchea indica plant as a traditional herbal medicine for treatment of inflammation. & 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. heterodimer, and binds to inhibitory kB-a (IkB-a) subunits. Stimulation with specific inducers, most notably LPS, causes the degradation of IkB-a leading to NF-kB translocation to nuclei Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect
Pharmacognosy Magazine, 2017
Background: In our continuing search for anti-inflammatory agents from Thai herbs, Etlingera pavi... more Background: In our continuing search for anti-inflammatory agents from Thai herbs, Etlingera pavieana (Pierre ex Gagnep.) R.M.Sm. showed potent inhibition on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages. However, the mechanism behind its inhibitory effect has not been yet explored, and little is known regarding its bioactive compounds responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect. Objective: In the present study, anti-inflammatory effect of hexane, ethyl acetate, and water fractions of rhizomal ethanol extracts of E. pavieana was evaluated for their inhibition on NO production and mechanism in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Active compounds responsible for such anti-inflammatory activity were identified. Materials and Methods: Inhibitory activities on NO production were performed in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage. Cytotoxicity of plant extracts was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, mRNA and protein expressions by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis, respectively. Anti-inflammatory compounds were isolated by activity-guided isolation technique using column chromatography. Results: Ethyl acetate fraction of E. pavieana (EPE) showed the most potent inhibitory effect on NO production in macrophages. EPE significantly decreased NO production and inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein and mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the level of nuclear factor-kappa B p65 subunit was markedly reduced in activated cells treated with EPE. Four phenolic compounds, 4-methoxycinnamyl alcohol (1), trans-4-methoxycinnamaldehyde (2), 4-methoxycinnamyl p-coumarate (3), and p-coumaric acid (4), were obtained from bioactivity-guided isolation technique. Conclusions: The anti-inflammatory property contained in E. pavieana rhizome extract and conferred through inhibition of iNOS expression, and NO formation provides scientific evidence and support for the development of new anti-inflammatory agents based on extracts from this plant.
Oxidative Stress and Disease, 2005
Methods in Enzymology, 2005
Macrophages serve as the first-line defense against invading pathogens by (a) overproducing O2- v... more Macrophages serve as the first-line defense against invading pathogens by (a) overproducing O2- via activation of NADPH-oxidase localized in its plasma membrane, (b) inducing the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and overproducing NO, and (c) generating highly toxic peroxynitrite (ONOO-) to kill the invading pathogens without killing the macrophages themselves. Results show that this was due at least in part to the NO-derived induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. The NO-derived induction of HO-1 caused (a) rapid elimination of toxic heme to inhibit lipid peroxidation and to prevent further induction of iNOS, (b) rapid production of bile pigment antioxidants to scavenge reactive oxygen (O2-) and nitrogen (NO) metabolites, and (c) rapid production of carbon monoxide (CO) to inhibit further production of O2- and NO by blocking the activities of NADPH-oxidase and iNOS, respectively. Thus, the NO overproduced by the O2- -dependent induction of iNOS expression can scavenge O2- to produce ONOO-, first to kill the invading pathogens and second to enhance the HO-1 expression in macrophages. This allows the survival of host tissues from the injuries caused by inflammatory oxidative stress.
Methods in Enzymology, 2005
Survival of macrophages, which serve as the first-line defense against invading pathogens by invo... more Survival of macrophages, which serve as the first-line defense against invading pathogens by invoking the overproduction of highly toxic peroxynitrite (ONOO-), depends on their ability to maintain the intracellular GSH level and to induce the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). The ONOO- is produced by macrophages stimulated by pathogens and is a powerful oxidant reacting directly with cellular GSH and proteins, killing both invading pathogens and macrophages themselves. However, macrophages can survive the toxicity of ONOO- by replenishing the depleted GSH level and by inducing HO-1 expression. In macrophages exposed to conditions overproducing O2-, NO, or ONOO-, the cellular level of GSH decreased rapidly, and when excessive, cells died. However, in cells surviving the toxicity caused by lower doses of O2-, NO, or ONOO-, the depleted intracellular GSH level was replenished, and HO-1 expression was increased, but not when they were coexposed to an inhibitor of HO-1 activity. Cells exposed to an inhibitor of GSH synthesis had greater induction of HO-1 expression and survived. However, cells exposed to an inhibitor of HO-1 activity died extensively and could not be revived by addition of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a precursor of GSH synthesis. Thus, the dichotomous cytotoxic or cytoprotective effects of O2-, NO, or ONOO- in macrophages are determined both by cellular GSH level and by HO-1 activity.
Toxicology in Vitro, 2005
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a 32-kDa stress induced enzyme that degrades heme to carbon monoxide (... more Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a 32-kDa stress induced enzyme that degrades heme to carbon monoxide (CO) and biliverdin. By employing RT-PCR and Western blotting techniques, we have examined the HO-1 induction in C6 glioma cells that were treated with cadmium chloride (CdCl 2) or spermine NONOate (SPER/NO). By employing a cell viability assay, we have also examined the cytoprotective effect of HO-1 induction against the cytotoxicity caused by toxic dose of CdCl 2. In C6 glioma cells exposed to CdCl 2 , expression of HO-1 (mRNA and protein) was increased in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Nitric oxide (NO) generated from SPER/NO very rapidly increased HO-1 mRNA expression in the C6 glioma cells. The induction of HO-1 by SPER/NO protected the cells from toxic dose of CdCl 2. The up-regulation of HO-1 mRNA expression by CdCl 2 was inhibited by a pre-incubation of the cells with actinomycin D, a potent inhibitor of mRNA transcription. Upon the inhibition of elevated HO-1 mRNA expression by the use of zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP), an inhibitor of HO activity, the change of HO-1 mRNA expression by ZnPP was not observed. Thus, the glial cell may respond to CdCl 2 toxicity by enhancing the HO-1 expression in its effort to minimize the CdCl 2derived oxidative damage, and to survive. In the glioma cells, when the HO-1 expression was elevated by a prior incubation with SPER/NO, the cell viability against the cytotoxicity of CdCl 2 was significantly increased. When the results of our experiment are taken together, we discovered that NO provided a rapid enhancement of HO-1 expression, and it provided a protective effect against CdCl 2-derived oxidative injury in the C6 rat glioma cells.
This research studied effects of drying methods and extraction conditions on total phenolic and f... more This research studied effects of drying methods and extraction conditions on total phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant activities of Helicteres isora L. extracts by testing three antioxidant activities were DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power and metal chelating activity. The extracts from overexposuring to the sun and drying at 170 o C exhibited the highest total phenolic content of all solvent extracts, excepted 95% ethanol extract. The extracts from drying at 150 o C exhibited the highest flavonoid content in ethanol extract. The flavonoid content of aqueous extracts were depended on drying temperature. To determine antioxidant activities, reducing power and DPPH radical scavenging activity increased when the drying temperature was increased. The total phenolic content also showed good influence to antioxidant activities, reducing power and DPPH radical scavenging activity as evidenced by the correlation coefficient value of 0.9785 and 0.8115. All 70% etha...
This research study was aimed to determine the effect of extraction conditions on total phenolic,... more This research study was aimed to determine the effect of extraction conditions on total phenolic, flavonoid content and antioxidant activities of different part of Citrus aurantium L. extracts. The peels, leaves, and branches of C. aurantium L. were extracted with water (autoclave 121°C), water (100 °C), ethanol 40%, 70%, and 95% v/v, respectively. The peel extract exhibited superior total phenolic content, reducing power, and DPPH radical scavenging activity than that leaf and branch extract. In contrast, total flavonoid content of leaf extracts were higher than that peel and branch extract. The water (100°C) extract of peels and leaves and water (autoclave 121°C) extract of branches with the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC 50 = 0.236 ± 0.008, 0.579 ± 0.021, and 0.733 ± 0.002 mg/mL, respectively).Total phenolic content showed positive correlations on the DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power (R = 0.5606 and R = 0.8358, respectively). These results suggest...
Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus ) is a widely consumed fruit. It is known that the cultivar and pa... more Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus ) is a widely consumed fruit. It is known that the cultivar and parts of fruit affect biological activities of watermelon. Thus, the aim of this study was to comparatively study on antioxidant and nitric oxide-inducing activities of different parts (outer skin, epicarp, mesocarp and seeds) of five watermelon cultivars grown in Thailand (Kinnaree, Torpedo, Yaya, Runrun and King orange). The antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH radical scavenging activity assay. The inducing effect on nitric oxide (NO) production was determined in human vein endothelial cells (EA.hy 926). It was found that the extract of all cultivars exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity and induced NO production. The outer skin of Torpedo cultivar showed the highest antioxidant and NO-inducing activities. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the cultivars and fruit sampling area influence on antioxidant and NO-inducing activity of watermelon. The ...
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2021
Etlingera pavieana is known as a spice and medicinal plant. According to previous reports, E. pav... more Etlingera pavieana is known as a spice and medicinal plant. According to previous reports, E. pavieana extracts exhibit various biological activities. However, the content of the primary phenylpropanoids of the E. pavieana rhizomal extract, 4-methoxycinnamyl p-coumarate (MCC) and trans-4-methoxycinnamaldehyde (MCD), has not been determined. This study was designed to validate a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method that quantified MCC and MCD from E. pavieana extracts. The method was validated based on the international council for harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The method displayed acceptable validation parameters, such as an excellent correlation coefficient higher than 0.999. The linearities of the response range of MCD and MCC were 1.00-20.00 and 2.5-60.00 µg/ml, respectively. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were found to be 4.16 and 12.48 ng/ml, respectively, for MCD and 10.42 and 31.26 ng/ml, respectively, for MCC. The percentage relative standard deviation (RSD) of repeatability and intermediate precision were 1.03%-5.80% and 3.14%-6.84%, respectively. The ethyl acetate extracts prepared by the maceration and reflux method yielded the largest amount of MCD and MCC. This study confirmed that the high-performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous analysis of MCD and MCC was accurate, sensitive, and reproducible. This method can be used to quantitate the content of MCD and MCC in E. pavieana extracts.
Tetrahedron Letters, 2021
Abstract A convenient method for the one-pot synthesis of long alkyl-chain triazolylglycosides us... more Abstract A convenient method for the one-pot synthesis of long alkyl-chain triazolylglycosides using ionic liquid as dual promoter and solvent is described via a sequential one-pot two-step glycosidation-CuAAc click reaction. The reaction was carried out using commercially available substrates, including glycosyl bromides, sodium azide and various long alkyl-chain alkynes to achieve the corresponding products in moderate to high yields. Furthermore, this approach was successfully applied for the preparation of non-ionic monocatenary triazolylglycoside surfactants in excellent yields through simple deacetylation. Subsequently, these surfactants were further evaluated for their cytotoxic activity.
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2020
Levan is a fructose polymer with β-(2 → 6) glycosidic linkages. It is produced by several microor... more Levan is a fructose polymer with β-(2 → 6) glycosidic linkages. It is produced by several microorganisms, and due to its potential biotechnological and industrial applications, various levan-producing bacteria with different levels of production efficiencies have been reported. We investigated the levan-producing ability of the acetic acid bacterium, Tanticharoenia sakaeratensis. The exopolysaccharides produced by the bacterium under a sucrose environment were characterized as levan by FT-IR, and 1 H and 13 C NMR. The molecular weight of levan thus produced range from 1.0 × 10 5-6.8 × 10 5 Da. The maximum yield of levan from T. sakaeratensis is 24.7 g•L −1 in a liquid medium containing 20% (w/v) sucrose and incubated at 37°C, 250 RPM for 35 h. The levan produced by T. sakaeratensis can promote nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 macrophage cells in a concentrationdependent manner, suggesting it has immunomodulatory effects. Our study reveals that T. sakaeratensis can be potentially employed as a new source of levan for industrial applications.
Medicinal Plants - Use in Prevention and Treatment of Diseases [Working Title], 2019
Etlingera pavieana (Pierre ex Gagnep) R.M.Sm. (Zingiberaceae family) is commonly found in Southea... more Etlingera pavieana (Pierre ex Gagnep) R.M.Sm. (Zingiberaceae family) is commonly found in Southeast Asia. The rhizome of the plant is used as a spice and folk medicine in southeastern Thailand and Cambodia. The extracts, essential oil, and compounds from E. pavieana were found to possess a variety of pharmacological activities like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiatherogenic, and antimicrobial effects. Furthermore, phytochemical studies have reported the presence of various chemical constituents, the main being phenylpropanoids such as trans-4-methoxycinnamaldehyde (MCD) and 4-methoxycinnamyl p-coumarate (MCC). Therefore, E. pavieana seems to be a potential source of natural products for treatment of various diseases and promotion of good health.
Tetrahedron, 2018
To create your abstract, type over the instructions in the template box below. Fonts or abstract ... more To create your abstract, type over the instructions in the template box below. Fonts or abstract dimensions should not be changed or altered. One-pot solvent-free synthesis of triaryl-and triheteroarylmethanes by Bi(OTf) 3-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts reaction of arenes/ heteroarenes with trialkyl orthoformates
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2019
Trans-4-methoxycinnamaldehyde (MCD) was isolated from the rhizomes of Etlingera pavieana (Pierre ... more Trans-4-methoxycinnamaldehyde (MCD) was isolated from the rhizomes of Etlingera pavieana (Pierre ex Gagnep.) R.M.Sm. MCD shows anti-inflammatory effects. However, the molecular mechanism underlying its anti-inflammatory action has not been described. In this study, we investigated this mechanism in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and found MCD significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2) production in a concentration-dependent manner. MCD could decrease LPS-and Pam3CSK4-induced the expressions of both iNOS and COX-2. The phosphorylation of inhibitory κB (IκB) and translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 subunit into the nucleus were also inhibited by MCD. Moreover, MCD suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of JNK except for ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Moreover, MCD significantly reduced ethyl phenylpropiolate-induced ear edema and carrageenaninduced paw edema in rat models. These findings indicated MCD has anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the production of NO and PGE 2 by blocking NF-κB and JNK/c-Jun signaling pathways. Collectively, these data suggest that MCD could be developed as a novel therapeutic agent for inflammatory disorders.
Phytomedicine, 2019
1 4-methoxycinnamyl p-coumarate isolated from Etlingera pavieana rhizomes inhibits inflammatory r... more 1 4-methoxycinnamyl p-coumarate isolated from Etlingera pavieana rhizomes inhibits inflammatory response via suppression of NF-B, Akt and AP-1 signaling in LPSstimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.
International Immunopharmacology, 2017
Involvement of p38 MAPK and ATF-2 signaling pathway in antiinflammatory effect of a novel compoun... more Involvement of p38 MAPK and ATF-2 signaling pathway in antiinflammatory effect of a novel compound bis[(5-methyl)2-furyl](4nitrophenyl)methane on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2015
Ethnopharmacological relevance: The leaves of Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. have commonly been... more Ethnopharmacological relevance: The leaves of Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. have commonly been used in Thai traditional medicine for treatment of inflammatory diseases. However, the bioactive compounds responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect of leaves have not been yet determined. The objective of the present study was to isolate these bioactive compounds by bioassay-guided isolation technique and to determine the mode of action of isolated compounds in LPS-induced macrophages. Materials and methods: Anti-inflammatory effect of various fractions (hexane, ethyl acetate and water) of ethanol extract of C. inerme leaves was determined from the production of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 macrophage stimulated with LPS. The mRNA and protein levels were determined also by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. Leaf bioactive compounds were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation technique using column chromatography. Results: The ethyl acetate fraction (EA) among solvent extracts provided the most potent inhibitory activity on NO production. Also, EA reduced the mRNA and protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Three known flavones, acacetin (1), hispidulin (2) and diosmetin (3), were isolated based on inhibition of NO production. Furthermore, hispidulin also inhibited PGE 2 production as well as iNOS and cyclooxygenase-2 expressions via the blockade of NF-κB DNAbinding activity and JNKway. Conclusions: Our results found acacetin (1), hispidulin (2) and diosmetin (3), were responsible for the anti-inflammatory properties of C. inerme leaves. We provide scientific evidence to support the usefulness of C. inerme leaves in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. & 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. of these mediators causes a harmful effect to tissues and organisms as well as has been associated with the pathogenesis of various inflammatory-related diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, and cancer (Yang et al., 2013). Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. (Verbenaceae family) known also as Sam-Ma-Nga in Thai or, seaside clerodendrum in English, occurs widely in coastal mangrove forests of Thailand (Office of Mangrove Resources Conservation, 2009) and other South Asian countries and is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of skin diseases, rheumatic pain and arthritis, fever, cough, hepatitis, and other inflammatory diseases (Shrivastava and Patel, 2007a; Chethana et al., 2013). The major chemical constituents of C. inerme are flavonoids, terpenes, steroids and phenolic compounds (Shrivastava and Patel, 2007b; Parveen et al., 2010; Shahabuddin et al., 2013). C. inerme possesses a number of biological activities including antimicrobial, anti-hepatotoxic, anti-oxidant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities (Gopal Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan 18, 2014
Molecular iodine has been used as an efficient catalyst for a double Friedel-Crafts reaction of v... more Molecular iodine has been used as an efficient catalyst for a double Friedel-Crafts reaction of various heteroarenes, i.e. 2-methylfuran, 2-ethylfuran, 2-methylthiophene, pyrrole, N-methylpyrrole and indole, using aldehydes as alkylating agents under "open-flask" conditions with toluene or water as the reaction media. In the presence of 10 mol% iodine in toluene at room temperature, both aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes reacted smoothly to give the corresponding bis(heteroaryl)alkanes in good to excellent yields. Interestingly, with water as the solvent, the bis(heteroaryl)alkane adducts were obtained in moderate to good yields. The use of mild reaction conditions, low catalyst loadings, and eco-friendly reagents in a single step synthesis are the advantages of the present procedure. In an effort to discover novel non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, the synthesized bis(heteroaryl)alkanes were evaluated for the anti-inflammatory activity in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-...
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2013
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Pluchea indica Less.: (Asteraceae) is a Thai medicinal plant used... more Ethnopharmacological relevance: Pluchea indica Less.: (Asteraceae) is a Thai medicinal plant used in traditional medicine for the treatment of hemorrhoids, lumbago, leucorrhoea and inflammation. This study investigated the molecular mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity of Pluchea indica leaf extract in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and also determined its action in acute inflammation animal models. Materials and methods: The inhibitory effect of Pluchea indica leaf extract on LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production was evaluated by Griess reaction. Protein and mRNA expressions were determined by real time RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis, respectively. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) promoter activity was evaluated by iNOS promoter based reporter gene assay. In vivo anti-inflammatory effect was examined in ethylphenylpropiolate (EPP)-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema in rat models. Results: Ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract of Pluchea indica leaves (EFPI) exhibited the potent inhibitory effect on NO production in LPS-induced macrophages and also inhibited PGE 2 release. EFPI reduced iNOS mRNA and protein expression through suppressed iNOS promoter activity and nuclear translocation of subunit p65 of nuclear factor-kB, but did not inhibit phosphorylation of the mitogenactivated protein kinases (MAPKs). Moreover, EFPI possessed anti-inflammatory activities on acute phase of inflammation as seen in EPP-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. Conclusions: These data support the pharmacological basis of Pluchea indica plant as a traditional herbal medicine for treatment of inflammation. & 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. heterodimer, and binds to inhibitory kB-a (IkB-a) subunits. Stimulation with specific inducers, most notably LPS, causes the degradation of IkB-a leading to NF-kB translocation to nuclei Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect
Pharmacognosy Magazine, 2017
Background: In our continuing search for anti-inflammatory agents from Thai herbs, Etlingera pavi... more Background: In our continuing search for anti-inflammatory agents from Thai herbs, Etlingera pavieana (Pierre ex Gagnep.) R.M.Sm. showed potent inhibition on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages. However, the mechanism behind its inhibitory effect has not been yet explored, and little is known regarding its bioactive compounds responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect. Objective: In the present study, anti-inflammatory effect of hexane, ethyl acetate, and water fractions of rhizomal ethanol extracts of E. pavieana was evaluated for their inhibition on NO production and mechanism in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Active compounds responsible for such anti-inflammatory activity were identified. Materials and Methods: Inhibitory activities on NO production were performed in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage. Cytotoxicity of plant extracts was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, mRNA and protein expressions by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis, respectively. Anti-inflammatory compounds were isolated by activity-guided isolation technique using column chromatography. Results: Ethyl acetate fraction of E. pavieana (EPE) showed the most potent inhibitory effect on NO production in macrophages. EPE significantly decreased NO production and inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein and mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the level of nuclear factor-kappa B p65 subunit was markedly reduced in activated cells treated with EPE. Four phenolic compounds, 4-methoxycinnamyl alcohol (1), trans-4-methoxycinnamaldehyde (2), 4-methoxycinnamyl p-coumarate (3), and p-coumaric acid (4), were obtained from bioactivity-guided isolation technique. Conclusions: The anti-inflammatory property contained in E. pavieana rhizome extract and conferred through inhibition of iNOS expression, and NO formation provides scientific evidence and support for the development of new anti-inflammatory agents based on extracts from this plant.
Oxidative Stress and Disease, 2005
Methods in Enzymology, 2005
Macrophages serve as the first-line defense against invading pathogens by (a) overproducing O2- v... more Macrophages serve as the first-line defense against invading pathogens by (a) overproducing O2- via activation of NADPH-oxidase localized in its plasma membrane, (b) inducing the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and overproducing NO, and (c) generating highly toxic peroxynitrite (ONOO-) to kill the invading pathogens without killing the macrophages themselves. Results show that this was due at least in part to the NO-derived induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. The NO-derived induction of HO-1 caused (a) rapid elimination of toxic heme to inhibit lipid peroxidation and to prevent further induction of iNOS, (b) rapid production of bile pigment antioxidants to scavenge reactive oxygen (O2-) and nitrogen (NO) metabolites, and (c) rapid production of carbon monoxide (CO) to inhibit further production of O2- and NO by blocking the activities of NADPH-oxidase and iNOS, respectively. Thus, the NO overproduced by the O2- -dependent induction of iNOS expression can scavenge O2- to produce ONOO-, first to kill the invading pathogens and second to enhance the HO-1 expression in macrophages. This allows the survival of host tissues from the injuries caused by inflammatory oxidative stress.
Methods in Enzymology, 2005
Survival of macrophages, which serve as the first-line defense against invading pathogens by invo... more Survival of macrophages, which serve as the first-line defense against invading pathogens by invoking the overproduction of highly toxic peroxynitrite (ONOO-), depends on their ability to maintain the intracellular GSH level and to induce the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). The ONOO- is produced by macrophages stimulated by pathogens and is a powerful oxidant reacting directly with cellular GSH and proteins, killing both invading pathogens and macrophages themselves. However, macrophages can survive the toxicity of ONOO- by replenishing the depleted GSH level and by inducing HO-1 expression. In macrophages exposed to conditions overproducing O2-, NO, or ONOO-, the cellular level of GSH decreased rapidly, and when excessive, cells died. However, in cells surviving the toxicity caused by lower doses of O2-, NO, or ONOO-, the depleted intracellular GSH level was replenished, and HO-1 expression was increased, but not when they were coexposed to an inhibitor of HO-1 activity. Cells exposed to an inhibitor of GSH synthesis had greater induction of HO-1 expression and survived. However, cells exposed to an inhibitor of HO-1 activity died extensively and could not be revived by addition of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a precursor of GSH synthesis. Thus, the dichotomous cytotoxic or cytoprotective effects of O2-, NO, or ONOO- in macrophages are determined both by cellular GSH level and by HO-1 activity.
Toxicology in Vitro, 2005
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a 32-kDa stress induced enzyme that degrades heme to carbon monoxide (... more Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a 32-kDa stress induced enzyme that degrades heme to carbon monoxide (CO) and biliverdin. By employing RT-PCR and Western blotting techniques, we have examined the HO-1 induction in C6 glioma cells that were treated with cadmium chloride (CdCl 2) or spermine NONOate (SPER/NO). By employing a cell viability assay, we have also examined the cytoprotective effect of HO-1 induction against the cytotoxicity caused by toxic dose of CdCl 2. In C6 glioma cells exposed to CdCl 2 , expression of HO-1 (mRNA and protein) was increased in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Nitric oxide (NO) generated from SPER/NO very rapidly increased HO-1 mRNA expression in the C6 glioma cells. The induction of HO-1 by SPER/NO protected the cells from toxic dose of CdCl 2. The up-regulation of HO-1 mRNA expression by CdCl 2 was inhibited by a pre-incubation of the cells with actinomycin D, a potent inhibitor of mRNA transcription. Upon the inhibition of elevated HO-1 mRNA expression by the use of zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP), an inhibitor of HO activity, the change of HO-1 mRNA expression by ZnPP was not observed. Thus, the glial cell may respond to CdCl 2 toxicity by enhancing the HO-1 expression in its effort to minimize the CdCl 2derived oxidative damage, and to survive. In the glioma cells, when the HO-1 expression was elevated by a prior incubation with SPER/NO, the cell viability against the cytotoxicity of CdCl 2 was significantly increased. When the results of our experiment are taken together, we discovered that NO provided a rapid enhancement of HO-1 expression, and it provided a protective effect against CdCl 2-derived oxidative injury in the C6 rat glioma cells.