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Papers by Lavinia Iliescu

Agronomy

The agronomic benefits of biochar (BC) prepared by slow pyrolysis of vine pruning residues, which... more The agronomic benefits of biochar (BC) prepared by slow pyrolysis of vine pruning residues, which are produced in large quantities in Romania, were evaluated. Three soil types, i.e., slightly alkaline fluvisol (S1), slightly acidic chernozem (S2), and strongly acidic luvisol (S3), with mean values of pH of 7.99, 6.26, and 5.40, were amended with BC at a volumetric ratio between BC and soil of 20/80. A greenhouse experiment was performed for 109 days to assess the effects of BC amendment on bell pepper growth. The following treatments were applied: foliar fertilizer, BC, BC + foliar fertilizer (using two concentrations of foliar fertilizer solution), and a control. Strongly alkaline BC (pH of 9.89 ± 0.01) had a significant positive effect on the growth performance of bell pepper plants sown in the strongly acidic soil S3. The mean values of height, collar diameter, number of leaves, and root volume of plants grown in BC-amended soil S3 without foliar treatment were significantly high...

The aim of this paper is to present the phenological growth stages of two kiwifruit cultivars (Ha... more The aim of this paper is to present the phenological growth stages of two kiwifruit cultivars (Hayward and Bruno) and some Romanian intra and interspecific Actinidia hybrids. The experimental field was established in 2000. The plants were grown on a T-bar trellis system, under an organic orchard management. The inter row surface was covered with a mixture of perennial grasses and along the row, the soil was kept clean. Drip irrigation and micro spray irrigation system was provided. The phenological growth stages were described in the environmental conditions of Romanian plain (Bucharest area), according to the BBCH General Scale (Meier, 2001) and the nomenclature that has been used for Actinidia deliciosa ‘Hayward’ (Salinero et al., 2009). Data were recorded during two consecutive growing seasons (2018 -2019). Kiwi is a relative new fruit specie in Romania and the descriptions of principal growth stages for bud, leaf and shoot development, inflorescence emergence, flowering, fruit d...

Current Trends in Natural Sciences

Kiwi is a new fruit that can be grown in Romania. A common Italian-Romanian kiwifruit breeding pr... more Kiwi is a new fruit that can be grown in Romania. A common Italian-Romanian kiwifruit breeding program was initiated in 1993. For pollinator (male) kiwi plants, breeding programs involve the selection of elite plants with long flowering period and high pollen germination rate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pollen grains from fifteen Romanian kiwifruit hybrids for identifying the most suitable pollinators for kiwi female selections released from our breeding program. The fresh pollen grains were collected during pollination period (2018-2020), in Petri dishes, maintained at room temperature for 12 hours, and then placed in 15% sucrose solution for germination. At different time interval: 4, 8, 12 and respectively, 24 hours, several measurements were done. Four genotypes – R0P3, R0P6, R2P8 and R3P9, which recorded over 90% germinability after 24 hours, have been selected for further field tests, including artificial pollination and compatibility tests with the kiwi female ...

Agronomy

The paper aimed at evaluating the effects of biochar (BC) produced by slow pyrolysis of vine prun... more The paper aimed at evaluating the effects of biochar (BC) produced by slow pyrolysis of vine pruning residue on soil physicochemical properties and tomato plant growth. A greenhouse experiment was conducted for 66 days, applying different treatments for 3 soil types, i.e., foliar fertilizer, BC (at a volumetric ratio between BC and soil of 20/80), BC + foliar fertilizer, and no treatments. Strongly alkaline BC (pH = 9.89 ± 0.01) had a significant beneficial effect on the growth performance of tomato plants sown in a strongly acidic soil (pH = 5.40 ± 0.02). The mean values of height, number of leaves, and collar diameter of plants grown in BC-amended soil without foliar treatment were up to 50% higher than those of plants grown in soil with the other treatments. This positive effect of BC on plant growth is due to the changes in the soil properties. The addition of BC led to increased values of electrical conductivity, pH, soluble and available nutrient concentration. Moreover, BC re...

The paper presents the fruits characterization of four new kiwi hybrid genotypes and the effects ... more The paper presents the fruits characterization of four new kiwi hybrid genotypes and the effects of cold storage on postharvest fruit quality. After harvesting and during the storage period, different fruit characteristics including some mechanical properties were measured and evaluated in dynamics. The hybrid kiwifruits and other varieties of Actinidia sp. were produced in the experimental field established at the USAMV of Bucharest, in an organic orchard. The fruits were harvested starting with early of October and ended up at beginning of November. The fruit production was analyzed for each genotype and was expressed as total number of fruits per plant and yield per plant. At harvest, fruit quality indicators as fruit weight, shape index and some other characteristics (fruit firmness, soluble solids content) were analyzed. After harvesting, kiwifruits were stored in two different conditions. Every month, during the cold storage, the evolution of some fruit parameters: soluble sol...

Fruit Growing Research

Kiwifruit is recognized as highly nutritious having many biochemical characteristics that deliver... more Kiwifruit is recognized as highly nutritious having many biochemical characteristics that deliver a range of health benefits. In Romania, kiwi is a new fruit species and the creation, testing and introduction of winter hardy genotypes, adapted to the local harsh climate conditions is a priority. A common Italian-Romanian kiwifruit breeding program was initiated in 1993 and during the time, several hybrid genotypes were obtained and introduced to be tested. After more than two decades of research, it was demonstrated that Actinidia deliciosa and Actinidia chinensis can be grown in Romania in peach favourable areas, while Actinidia arguta (hardy kiwi, kiwiberry) can cover larger areas, suitable for plum cultivation. At the Faculty of Horticulture within the University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, an experimental field with kiwifruit hybrid genotypes, was established in 1993. The plants were grown under an organic orchard management, on a T-bar trellis, being irrigated with micro sprayers. The fruits were harvested at beginning of November, in 2017 and 2018. Harvesting moment was established when the fruit flesh firmness was lower than 7.0 kg force cm 2. After harvesting, kiwifruits were stored in two different cold storage conditions: normal atmosphere (NA) at 3°C and 95% humidity and controlled atmosphere (CA) with 1.5% Oxygen, at 1-2°C and 95% humidity. The aim of this study was to analyse the fruit quality characteristics of some new kiwi hybrid genotypes at harvest and during storage with the final goal to select best elites. Fruit weight and shape index have been determined after harvest. Different fruit characteristics were measured and evaluated in dynamics: firmness, soluble solids, dry matter, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid. All the determinations and analyses were made at the Research Center for Studies of Food Quality and Agricultural Products laboratories. During the storage, observations showed that R1P9 kiwifruit hybrid presented better biochemical quality parameters and the lowest weight losses compared to the other studied hybrids-4.69 % in CA and 5.22 % in NA. As expected, keeping kiwi fruits in controlled atmosphere with 1.5% Oxygen, at 1-2°C and 95% humidity, presented better physical and biochemical quality compared with those stored in normal atmosphere, at 3°C and 95% humidity. Using the results of the study regarding the fruits physicochemical characteristics after harvesting and during the storage, but also some other plant parameters, several kiwi hybrid elites were selected-R0P13 and R1P9. They will be propagated and planted for the production test. Cuvinte cheie: fermitate pulpă, substanţă uscată solubilă, substanţă uscată totală, aciditate titrabilă, acid ascorbic.

Agronomy

The agronomic benefits of biochar (BC) prepared by slow pyrolysis of vine pruning residues, which... more The agronomic benefits of biochar (BC) prepared by slow pyrolysis of vine pruning residues, which are produced in large quantities in Romania, were evaluated. Three soil types, i.e., slightly alkaline fluvisol (S1), slightly acidic chernozem (S2), and strongly acidic luvisol (S3), with mean values of pH of 7.99, 6.26, and 5.40, were amended with BC at a volumetric ratio between BC and soil of 20/80. A greenhouse experiment was performed for 109 days to assess the effects of BC amendment on bell pepper growth. The following treatments were applied: foliar fertilizer, BC, BC + foliar fertilizer (using two concentrations of foliar fertilizer solution), and a control. Strongly alkaline BC (pH of 9.89 ± 0.01) had a significant positive effect on the growth performance of bell pepper plants sown in the strongly acidic soil S3. The mean values of height, collar diameter, number of leaves, and root volume of plants grown in BC-amended soil S3 without foliar treatment were significantly high...

The aim of this paper is to present the phenological growth stages of two kiwifruit cultivars (Ha... more The aim of this paper is to present the phenological growth stages of two kiwifruit cultivars (Hayward and Bruno) and some Romanian intra and interspecific Actinidia hybrids. The experimental field was established in 2000. The plants were grown on a T-bar trellis system, under an organic orchard management. The inter row surface was covered with a mixture of perennial grasses and along the row, the soil was kept clean. Drip irrigation and micro spray irrigation system was provided. The phenological growth stages were described in the environmental conditions of Romanian plain (Bucharest area), according to the BBCH General Scale (Meier, 2001) and the nomenclature that has been used for Actinidia deliciosa ‘Hayward’ (Salinero et al., 2009). Data were recorded during two consecutive growing seasons (2018 -2019). Kiwi is a relative new fruit specie in Romania and the descriptions of principal growth stages for bud, leaf and shoot development, inflorescence emergence, flowering, fruit d...

Current Trends in Natural Sciences

Kiwi is a new fruit that can be grown in Romania. A common Italian-Romanian kiwifruit breeding pr... more Kiwi is a new fruit that can be grown in Romania. A common Italian-Romanian kiwifruit breeding program was initiated in 1993. For pollinator (male) kiwi plants, breeding programs involve the selection of elite plants with long flowering period and high pollen germination rate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pollen grains from fifteen Romanian kiwifruit hybrids for identifying the most suitable pollinators for kiwi female selections released from our breeding program. The fresh pollen grains were collected during pollination period (2018-2020), in Petri dishes, maintained at room temperature for 12 hours, and then placed in 15% sucrose solution for germination. At different time interval: 4, 8, 12 and respectively, 24 hours, several measurements were done. Four genotypes – R0P3, R0P6, R2P8 and R3P9, which recorded over 90% germinability after 24 hours, have been selected for further field tests, including artificial pollination and compatibility tests with the kiwi female ...

Agronomy

The paper aimed at evaluating the effects of biochar (BC) produced by slow pyrolysis of vine prun... more The paper aimed at evaluating the effects of biochar (BC) produced by slow pyrolysis of vine pruning residue on soil physicochemical properties and tomato plant growth. A greenhouse experiment was conducted for 66 days, applying different treatments for 3 soil types, i.e., foliar fertilizer, BC (at a volumetric ratio between BC and soil of 20/80), BC + foliar fertilizer, and no treatments. Strongly alkaline BC (pH = 9.89 ± 0.01) had a significant beneficial effect on the growth performance of tomato plants sown in a strongly acidic soil (pH = 5.40 ± 0.02). The mean values of height, number of leaves, and collar diameter of plants grown in BC-amended soil without foliar treatment were up to 50% higher than those of plants grown in soil with the other treatments. This positive effect of BC on plant growth is due to the changes in the soil properties. The addition of BC led to increased values of electrical conductivity, pH, soluble and available nutrient concentration. Moreover, BC re...

The paper presents the fruits characterization of four new kiwi hybrid genotypes and the effects ... more The paper presents the fruits characterization of four new kiwi hybrid genotypes and the effects of cold storage on postharvest fruit quality. After harvesting and during the storage period, different fruit characteristics including some mechanical properties were measured and evaluated in dynamics. The hybrid kiwifruits and other varieties of Actinidia sp. were produced in the experimental field established at the USAMV of Bucharest, in an organic orchard. The fruits were harvested starting with early of October and ended up at beginning of November. The fruit production was analyzed for each genotype and was expressed as total number of fruits per plant and yield per plant. At harvest, fruit quality indicators as fruit weight, shape index and some other characteristics (fruit firmness, soluble solids content) were analyzed. After harvesting, kiwifruits were stored in two different conditions. Every month, during the cold storage, the evolution of some fruit parameters: soluble sol...

Fruit Growing Research

Kiwifruit is recognized as highly nutritious having many biochemical characteristics that deliver... more Kiwifruit is recognized as highly nutritious having many biochemical characteristics that deliver a range of health benefits. In Romania, kiwi is a new fruit species and the creation, testing and introduction of winter hardy genotypes, adapted to the local harsh climate conditions is a priority. A common Italian-Romanian kiwifruit breeding program was initiated in 1993 and during the time, several hybrid genotypes were obtained and introduced to be tested. After more than two decades of research, it was demonstrated that Actinidia deliciosa and Actinidia chinensis can be grown in Romania in peach favourable areas, while Actinidia arguta (hardy kiwi, kiwiberry) can cover larger areas, suitable for plum cultivation. At the Faculty of Horticulture within the University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, an experimental field with kiwifruit hybrid genotypes, was established in 1993. The plants were grown under an organic orchard management, on a T-bar trellis, being irrigated with micro sprayers. The fruits were harvested at beginning of November, in 2017 and 2018. Harvesting moment was established when the fruit flesh firmness was lower than 7.0 kg force cm 2. After harvesting, kiwifruits were stored in two different cold storage conditions: normal atmosphere (NA) at 3°C and 95% humidity and controlled atmosphere (CA) with 1.5% Oxygen, at 1-2°C and 95% humidity. The aim of this study was to analyse the fruit quality characteristics of some new kiwi hybrid genotypes at harvest and during storage with the final goal to select best elites. Fruit weight and shape index have been determined after harvest. Different fruit characteristics were measured and evaluated in dynamics: firmness, soluble solids, dry matter, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid. All the determinations and analyses were made at the Research Center for Studies of Food Quality and Agricultural Products laboratories. During the storage, observations showed that R1P9 kiwifruit hybrid presented better biochemical quality parameters and the lowest weight losses compared to the other studied hybrids-4.69 % in CA and 5.22 % in NA. As expected, keeping kiwi fruits in controlled atmosphere with 1.5% Oxygen, at 1-2°C and 95% humidity, presented better physical and biochemical quality compared with those stored in normal atmosphere, at 3°C and 95% humidity. Using the results of the study regarding the fruits physicochemical characteristics after harvesting and during the storage, but also some other plant parameters, several kiwi hybrid elites were selected-R0P13 and R1P9. They will be propagated and planted for the production test. Cuvinte cheie: fermitate pulpă, substanţă uscată solubilă, substanţă uscată totală, aciditate titrabilă, acid ascorbic.