Leo Simanjuntak - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Leo Simanjuntak

Pharmacia

A common plant from Papua, Indonesia, called Phaleria macrocarpa (mahkota dewa), has potent thera... more A common plant from Papua, Indonesia, called Phaleria macrocarpa (mahkota dewa), has potent therapeutic components. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity level of nanoherbal mahkota dewa and its effect on the changes in hematology, biochemistry, electrolytes, and histopathology of the organ. High Energy Milling (HEM) was used to produce nanoherbal mahkota dewa. LD50 was determined in three stages: dose orientation test (12 mice), preliminary test (20 mice), and LD50 determination (30 mice) for 14 days using the Thomson Weil formula. LC50 was determined using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test method with concentrations of 1, 10, 100, 1000, and 10,000 ppm. This study revealed that the LD50 value was 1g/kg BW 0,075 and the LC50 value was 2145,0407 ppm. The nanoherbal mahkota dewa affected the histological organs, hematological, biochemical, and electrolyte parameters but did not affect the weight of the organ significantly. From this study, it can be concluded that nanoherba...

Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat

Pregnant women are susceptible to COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 vaccination protects pregnant wome... more Pregnant women are susceptible to COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 vaccination protects pregnant women. This study aims to determine their perception of COVID-19 vaccination and its relation to the Omicron Variant wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study took time from February to March 2022. Subjects were asked to sign an informed consent and fill out a questionnaire. Demographic data, vaccination status, and perception of the pandemic were collected and statistically analyzed. Of the 361 study subjects, 219 (60%) are vaccinated, and 142 (40%) are unvaccinated. The vaccinated pregnant women were less anxious about the COVID-19 pandemic (p0.001, OR 2.24). Pregnant women with higher education or those who work were also less anxious about the COVID-19 pandemic (p0.05; OR 1.58 and OR 1.6). Most unvaccinated subjects were afraid of the vaccine’s effects on the fetus (62%). The emergence of the Omicron variant is the most cause of anxiety (38%). The most reason...

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences

Background: Abortion is pregnancy termination or loss before 20 weeks gestation or with a fetus d... more Background: Abortion is pregnancy termination or loss before 20 weeks gestation or with a fetus delivered weighing <500 grams. One of the pathogenic mechanisms associated with abortion was immunological factors. The human fetus represents a semi-allograft, which cannot survive without maternal immune tolerance. Vitamin D may be implicated in the risk of miscarriage due to its function as an immune modulator and its potential importance for the maternal-fetal immunologic response Objective: This study aimed to compare the level of serum vitamin D in abortion patients and normal pregnant women. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using primary data from a private maternity clinic in October 2020-February 2021. The subjects recruited in this study were 98 women at first-trimester pregnancy with either viable gestation (46 subjects) or abortion (52 subjects). Demographic data (maternal age, gestational age, BMI, parity level, history of miscarriage, and occupation) and their ass...

Nommensen Journal of Medicine, 2021

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome on infants aged 28 days or more. According to ... more Background: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome on infants aged 28 days or more. According to WHO data on 19th April 2018, estimated 3 million newborns and 1.2 million children suffer from sepsis globally every year. Hematological profile assessment can be used as a clinical guide to diagnose sepsis and early management of patients with early onset, especially in hospitals with limited facilities and the examination data can be obtained faster. Objective: This study was aimed to determine the hematological profile in sepsis patients in neonatal unit at RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan. Method: This research was a descriptive cross-sectional design. The research sample was selected by total sampling. Results: The results of the study were found from 74 neonates, 44 (59.5%) were male. Neonates with normal labor were 57 (78.1%) and survived 45 (60.8%). It was found that leukocytes (76.4%), neutrophils (60%), monocytes (87.9%), and hemoglobin (40.3%) were increased. Conclusion: The hematologi...

Acta Scientific Medical Sciences, 2020

Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is spreading widely throughout the world... more Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is spreading widely throughout the world, causing global health crisis and one of the greatest challenges we have ever faced. Indonesia is one of the countries that has been severely affected by COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic has created some serious concerns including anxiety in pregnant women. However, due to mental and physical changes in pregnancy, pregnant women are likely to be affected by the virus. At present there is no evidence that pregnant women are at higher risk of severe illness from COVID-19 than the general population. Research is currently ongoing to understand the impacts of COVID-19 in pregnant women. This study aimed to assess the anxiety level and associated factors during COVID-19 pandemic in pregnant women. Methods: This study used cross-sectional design using primary data on April 2020 at Leo Simanjuntak (Obstetrician and Gynecologist) outpatient clinic. Based on defined criteria, 120 subjects were recruited in this study. Anxiety level assessed using Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A). Demographic data collected using research questionnaire. Logistic regression were used to identify associated factors on anxiety level. Results: Our results showed majority of the pregnant women (71%) showed no anxiety. The rest of these pregnant women (29%) showed mild anxiety level (23%) and moderate anxiety (6%). Multivariate data analysis showed that healthcare workers were associated to higher anxiety level, with OR 5.56 (95% CI .33-24.09). Conclusion: Informative and educative advices and suggestions of COVID-19 to pregnant women and their family, such as washing hands frequently, maintain social and physical distancing, using mask to cover the mouth and nose when around others, living healthy life, and doing all the activities from home, can make pregnant women not worried about COVID-19 pandemic, which is supported by this study. A pneumonia of unknown cause detected in Wuhan, China was first reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) on December 31, 2019. Initially the case was reported in the Wuhan area, Hubei province, China. After three days, there were 44 patients with such cases and today thousands of COVID-19 cases confirmed globally [1]. Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is spreading widely throughout the world, causing global health crisis and one of the greatest challenge we have ever faced. COVID-19 is a cluster of acute respiratory illness caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus.

Nommensen Journal of Medicine, 2020

Background: Estimated fetal weight (EFW) is important to determine mode of delivery. The use of e... more Background: Estimated fetal weight (EFW) is important to determine mode of delivery. The use of estimated fetal weight based on fundal height has been widely used, but the use on overweight mothers is still limited. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the Johnson’s and Risanto’s formula in estimating fetal weight on overweight mothers. Method: The design used was cross-sectional, conducted at Mitra Sejati, Herna, and Methodist Sussana Wesley hospital on November 2019 until January 2020. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare EFW mean differences between Johnson’s and Risanto’s to actual birth weight. Paired t-test was used to compare EFW mean differences between Johnson’s and Risanto’s. Results: There were 103 overweight pregnant mothers fulfilling study criteria. The BMI mean was 31,26 ± 5l,54 kg/m2. Both Johnson’s and Risanto’s formula had no significant mean difference compare to actual birth weight, of 332,45 gram on Johnson’s (p value = 0,070) and 298,57 gram on Risanto’s (p...

Acta Scientific Medical Sciences, 2019

Indonesia Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science, 2019

Objective : This study aimed to determine the effects of Phaleria macrocarpa’s extract on TNF-α a... more Objective : This study aimed to determine the effects of Phaleria macrocarpa’s extract on TNF-α and LC3-II level and their correlation in preeclampsia-induced HUVEC. Methods : This study used HUVEC culture as an in vitro model and Phaleria macrocarpa’s extract, widely used as an anti-inflammation and antioxidant. Results : Phaleria macrocarpa’s extract reduce TNF-α level siginificantly at concentration of 7.813μg/mL and at 62.5μg/mL reduce TNF-α level to normal level. There was no significant decrease and reduction to normal level in LC3-II. TNF-α has a strong positive correlation with LC3-II (r=0.958), that reduced TNF-α level will decrease LC3-II levels, where a decrease in TNF-α level of 1pg/mL will reduce LC3-II levels by 0.413pg/mL. Conclusion : Thus, Phaleria macrocarpa’s extract might be used to overcome endothelial dysfunction and autophagy in preeclampsia. Key words : Phaleria Macrocarpa, Preeclampsia, HUVEC, TNF-α, LC3-II Abstrak Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk me...

Introduction : Preeclampsia is a major cause in both maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidi... more Introduction : Preeclampsia is a major cause in both maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. The etiopathogenesis of preeclampsia remains unclear but endothelial dysfunction plays important role. Stress oxidative in placenta produces free radicals such as superoxide anions (O2-) and H2O2, trophoblast debris, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and antiangiogenic factors which are thought to cause vascular endothelial dysfunction and causing excessive maternal inflammatory responses. Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) is considered as one of the potentially specific markers for preeclampsia. Aim : This study aimed to determine the effects of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl Extract on inflammation in endothelial cells by measuring the TNF-α level In preeclampsia-induced HUVEC. Method : HUVEC (Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell) culture is an in vitro model widely used to study the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl also known as Mahkota Dewa is widel...

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Oct 1, 2018

Jurnal Visi Eksakta

Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal death worldwide with 5 – 10% of incidence... more Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal death worldwide with 5 – 10% of incidence. The etiology of postpartum hemorrhage are uterine atony, retensio placentae, genital tract laceration, retained placental tissue and coagulation disorders. It was estimated 2 hours period from the onset of postpartum hemorrhage toward the maternal death, meanwhile it was 12 hours in antepartum hemorrhage. It is therefor early diagnosis and prompt management is essential. The solid and skilled teamwork is needed in order to successfully manage postpartum hemorrhage and to avoid maternal death.