Giuseppina Liguori - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Giuseppina Liguori
World Journal of Gastroenterology Wjg, Feb 28, 2009
To evaluate esophageal mucosal defense mechanisms at an epithelial level to establish if pantopra... more To evaluate esophageal mucosal defense mechanisms at an epithelial level to establish if pantoprazole treatment can induce ultrastructural healing and improvement in the proliferation activity of the esophageal epithelium in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Annals of Gastroenterology Quarterly Publication of the Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology, Mar 2, 2012
Pouchitis is a non-specific inflammation of the ileal reservoir and the most common complication ... more Pouchitis is a non-specific inflammation of the ileal reservoir and the most common complication of proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) in patients with ulcerative colitis. Its frequency is related to the duration of the follow up, occurring in up to 50% of patients 10 years after IPAA in large series from major referral centers. Treatment of pouchitis is largely empirical and only small placebo-controlled trials have been conducted. The rationale for using probiotics and antibiotics in pouchitis is based on convincing evidence that implicates intestinal bacteria in the pathogenesis of this disease. Probiotics are living organisms, which, upon ingestion in certain numbers, exert health benefits beyond inherent basic nutrition. VSL#3, a highly concentrated cocktail of probiotics has been shown to be effective in the prevention of pouchitis onset and relapses. Antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment of pouchitis, and metronidazole and ciprofloxacin are the most common initial approaches, often with a rapid response. The use of antibiotics in pouchitis is largely justified although proper controlled trials have not been conducted.
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology the Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, Feb 1, 2011
A 72-year-old man was admitted to the emergency room with a
Journal of Crohn's & colitis, Jan 15, 2015
Gut microbiota is involved in many physiological functions and its imbalance is associated with s... more Gut microbiota is involved in many physiological functions and its imbalance is associated with several diseases, particularly with inflammatory bowel diseases. Mucosa-associated microbiota could have a key role in induction of host immunity and in inflammatory process. Although the role of fungi has been suggested in inflammatory disease pathogenesis, the fungal microbiota has not yet been deeply explored. Here we analyzed the bacterial and fungal composition of the mucosa associated microbiota of Crohn's disease patients and healthy subjects. Our prospective, observational study evaluated bacterial and fungal composition of mucosa-associated microbiota of 23 Crohn's disease patients (16 in flare, 7 in remission) and 10 healthy subjects using 16S (MiSeq) and ITS2 (pyrosequencing) sequencing, respectively. Global fungal load was assessed by real time quantitative PCR. Bacterial microbiota in Crohn's disease patients was characterized by a restriction in biodiversity with...
World Journal of Gastroenterology, 2009
To evaluate esophageal mucosal defense mechanisms at an epithelial level to establish if pantopra... more To evaluate esophageal mucosal defense mechanisms at an epithelial level to establish if pantoprazole treatment can induce ultrastructural healing and improvement in the proliferation activity of the esophageal epithelium in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Italian Journal of Medicine, 2013
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammation of the coli mucosa clinically characterized by ... more Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammation of the coli mucosa clinically characterized by bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain and other systemic symptoms. The onset, as well as subsequent relapses, may occur with varying degrees of clinical and endoscopic activity and extent of disease. The clinical and endoscopic activity varies from mild to severe, while the extent of disease, without interruption, may involve from the rectum up to the entire colon. The severe form, when not properly and promptly treated, can be life-threatening and may determine various complications requiring urgent surgical treatment. Early recognition of severe forms, their treatment and patient monitoring can reduce morbidity and mortality, and improve surgical outcome. Since the 1950s, systemic corticosteroids have been the first-line treatment in severe active UC. Today, appropriate patient monitoring, and recognition of clinical, radiological and laboratory findings indicative of steroid failure guide the clinician in the use of immunomodulatory drugs or suggest indications for surgery. The aim of our study is to review the more recent data and guidelines that could be useful in clinical practice for the management of severe UC.
Annals of gastroenterology : quarterly publication of the Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology, 2012
Pouchitis is a non-specific inflammation of the ileal reservoir and the most common complication ... more Pouchitis is a non-specific inflammation of the ileal reservoir and the most common complication of proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) in patients with ulcerative colitis. Its frequency is related to the duration of the follow up, occurring in up to 50% of patients 10 years after IPAA in large series from major referral centers. Treatment of pouchitis is largely empirical and only small placebo-controlled trials have been conducted. The rationale for using probiotics and antibiotics in pouchitis is based on convincing evidence that implicates intestinal bacteria in the pathogenesis of this disease. Probiotics are living organisms, which, upon ingestion in certain numbers, exert health benefits beyond inherent basic nutrition. VSL#3, a highly concentrated cocktail of probiotics has been shown to be effective in the prevention of pouchitis onset and relapses. Antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment of pouchitis, and metronidazole and ciprofloxacin are the most ...
World journal of gastroenterology : WJG, Jan 28, 2011
To elucidate cell proliferation in erosive reflux disease (ERD) and non-erosive reflux disease (N... more To elucidate cell proliferation in erosive reflux disease (ERD) and non-erosive reflux disease (NERD), we evaluated markers in squamous epithelial cells. Thirty-four consecutive patients with gastroesophageal-reflux-disease-related symptoms (21 NERD and 13 ERD) were evaluated for the enrolment into the study. All patients underwent 24-h pH monitoring, standard endoscopy, and biopsy for histological evaluation. The expression of cyclins D and A was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from isolated epithelial cells. In all samples, analysis of the isolated cell population revealed the presence of epithelial cells only. Real-time RT-PCR showed that, in patients with ERD, the relative expression of cyclin D1 mRNA in esophageal epithelium was strongly decreased in comparison with NERD patients. The mean value of relative expression of cyclin D1 mRNA in NERD patients was 3.44 ± 1.9, whereas in ERD patients, it was 1.32 ± 0.87 (P = 0.011). Real-t...
Internal and Emergency Medicine, 2011
The advent of capsule endoscopy (CE) has resulted in a paradigm shift in the approach to the diag... more The advent of capsule endoscopy (CE) has resulted in a paradigm shift in the approach to the diagnosis and management of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB). With increasing global availability of this diagnostic tool, it has now become an integral part of the diagnostic algorithm for OGIB in most parts of the world. However, there is scant data on optimum timing of CE for maximizing diagnostic yield. OGIB continues to be a challenge because of delay in diagnosis and consequent morbidity and mortality. We evaluated the diagnostic yield of CE in identifying the source of bleeding in patients with OGIB. We identified patients who underwent CE at our institution from May 2006 to May 2011. The patients' medical records were reviewed to determine the type of OGIB (occult, overt), CE results and complications, and timing of CE with respect to onset of bleeding. Out of 346 patients investigated for OGIB, 246 (71.1%) had some lesion detected by CE. In 206 patients (59.5%), definite lesions were detected that could unequivocally explain the OGIB. Small bowel angiodysplasia, ulcer/erosions secondary to Crohn's disease, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent use, and neoplasms were the commonest lesions detected. Visualization of the entire small bowel was achieved in 311 (89.9%) of cases. Capsule retention was noted in five patients (1.4%). In this study, CE was proven to be a safe, comfortable, and effective, with a high rate of accuracy for diagnosing OGIB.
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 2014
The prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) has been steadily increasing since 1960. They... more The prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) has been steadily increasing since 1960. They are widespread throughout Europe, North America, China, and Japan and are emerging as a global disease. The equilibrium among epithelial cells, the immune system, and the related microbiota seems to be paramount in ensuring the absence of these IBD. The role of bacteria in the setting of the gut microbiota has been thoroughly documented, but the role of fungi, which are less abundant, needs to be investigated. Our understanding of the fungal microbiota composition and its impact on IBD has greatly increased in the past 8 years. In this review, we compiled data obtained for the composition of fungal gut microbiota. Special attention was paid to the various effects of this microbial community on the IBD, i.e., the mechanisms and immune pathways involved in these interactions.
World Journal of Gastroenterology, 2011
Outstanding progress regarding the pathophysiology of Crohn's disease (CD) has led to the develop... more Outstanding progress regarding the pathophysiology of Crohn's disease (CD) has led to the development of innovative therapeutic concepts. Numerous controlled trials have been performed in CD. This review concentrates on the results of randomized, placebo-controlled trials, and meta-analyses when available, that provide the highest degree of evidence. Current guidelines on the management of CD recommend a step-up approach to treatment involving the addition of more powerful therapies as the severity of disease and refractoriness to therapy increase. The advent of biological drugs has opened new therapeutic horizons for treating CD, modifying the treatment goals. However, the large majority of patients with CD will be managed through conventional therapy, even if they are a prelude to biological therapy.
Oncogene, 2014
Chronic inflammation is an established risk factor for the onset of cancer, and the inflammatory ... more Chronic inflammation is an established risk factor for the onset of cancer, and the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 has a role in tumorigenesis by enhancing proliferation and hindering apoptosis. As factors stimulating proliferation also downregulate p53 expression by enhancing ribosome biogenesis, we hypothesized that IL-6 may cause similar changes in inflamed tissues, thus activating a mechanism that favors neoplastic transformation. Here, we showed that IL-6 downregulated the expression and activity of p53 in transformed and untransformed human cell lines. This was the consequence of IL-6-dependent stimulation of c-MYC mRNA translation, which was responsible for the upregulation of rRNA transcription. The enhanced rRNA transcription stimulated the MDM2-mediated proteasomal degradation of p53, by reducing the availability of ribosome proteins for MDM2 binding. The p53 downregulation induced the acquisition of cellular phenotypic changes characteristic of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, such as a reduced level of E-cadherin expression, increased cell invasiveness and a decreased response to cytotoxic stresses. We found that these changes also occurred in colon epithelial cells of patients with ulcerative colitis, a very representative example of chronic inflammation at high risk for tumor development. Histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis of colon biopsy samples showed an upregulation of ribosome biogenesis, a reduced expression of p53, together with a focal reduction or absence of E-cadherin expression in chronic colitis in comparison with normal mucosa samples. These changes disappeared after treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs. Taken together, the present results highlight a new mechanism that may link chronic inflammation to cancer, based on p53 downregulation, which is activated by the enhancement of rRNA transcription upon IL-6 exposure.
Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 2011
Background and aims: The long-term natural history of collagenous (CC) and lymphocytic colitis (L... more Background and aims: The long-term natural history of collagenous (CC) and lymphocytic colitis (LC) is not well known. The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical course of microscopic colitis (MC) and to describe the morbidity evolution of the disease. Material and methods: This study is based on a cohort of 54 patients (35 LC/19 CC), previously included in a randomized trial treated with mesalazine with or without cholestyramine. Patients were followed-up closely during the subsequent 5 years, undergoing clinical, endoscopic and histologic evaluation at least yearly. After this period, they were encouraged to undergo periodical clinical evaluations. Results: In a mean follow-up time of 104.9 ± 14.1 months (range 81-138 months) at the end of the therapy, 12 patients (7 LC and 5 CC) relapsed. Of these patients, 4 reported a mild clinical relapse self-treated with antidiarrheal medication. In total 49 patients are clinically free from diarrhea, to date. At multivariate analysis the only predictive factor of relapse seems to be a slow response to treatment. Conclusions: Only a minority of patients with MC had diarrhea more than once a week in a longterm follow-up and the symptom pattern was similar between CC and LC patients.
Digestive and Liver Disease, 2010
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2011
A 72-year-old man was admitted to the emergency room with a
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 2008
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2008
All patients completed the study. Significant decrease in acid exposure occurred on day 2 and in ... more All patients completed the study. Significant decrease in acid exposure occurred on day 2 and in each successive day in all groups. Pantoprazole and omeprazole are more effective than lansoprazole at inducing a normalization of intra-oesophageal acid exposure at days 2 and 3. Significant reduction in SI at day 2 was observed.
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2010
Cannabinoid (CB) receptors have been located in brain areas involved in the triggering of TLESRs ... more Cannabinoid (CB) receptors have been located in brain areas involved in the triggering of TLESRs as well as in the nodose ganglion from which vagal afferents emanate. The distribution of CB 1 receptors has been investigated in the human gastrointestinal mucosa, as expression of inflammatory process.
World Journal of Gastroenterology Wjg, Feb 28, 2009
To evaluate esophageal mucosal defense mechanisms at an epithelial level to establish if pantopra... more To evaluate esophageal mucosal defense mechanisms at an epithelial level to establish if pantoprazole treatment can induce ultrastructural healing and improvement in the proliferation activity of the esophageal epithelium in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Annals of Gastroenterology Quarterly Publication of the Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology, Mar 2, 2012
Pouchitis is a non-specific inflammation of the ileal reservoir and the most common complication ... more Pouchitis is a non-specific inflammation of the ileal reservoir and the most common complication of proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) in patients with ulcerative colitis. Its frequency is related to the duration of the follow up, occurring in up to 50% of patients 10 years after IPAA in large series from major referral centers. Treatment of pouchitis is largely empirical and only small placebo-controlled trials have been conducted. The rationale for using probiotics and antibiotics in pouchitis is based on convincing evidence that implicates intestinal bacteria in the pathogenesis of this disease. Probiotics are living organisms, which, upon ingestion in certain numbers, exert health benefits beyond inherent basic nutrition. VSL#3, a highly concentrated cocktail of probiotics has been shown to be effective in the prevention of pouchitis onset and relapses. Antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment of pouchitis, and metronidazole and ciprofloxacin are the most common initial approaches, often with a rapid response. The use of antibiotics in pouchitis is largely justified although proper controlled trials have not been conducted.
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology the Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, Feb 1, 2011
A 72-year-old man was admitted to the emergency room with a
Journal of Crohn's & colitis, Jan 15, 2015
Gut microbiota is involved in many physiological functions and its imbalance is associated with s... more Gut microbiota is involved in many physiological functions and its imbalance is associated with several diseases, particularly with inflammatory bowel diseases. Mucosa-associated microbiota could have a key role in induction of host immunity and in inflammatory process. Although the role of fungi has been suggested in inflammatory disease pathogenesis, the fungal microbiota has not yet been deeply explored. Here we analyzed the bacterial and fungal composition of the mucosa associated microbiota of Crohn's disease patients and healthy subjects. Our prospective, observational study evaluated bacterial and fungal composition of mucosa-associated microbiota of 23 Crohn's disease patients (16 in flare, 7 in remission) and 10 healthy subjects using 16S (MiSeq) and ITS2 (pyrosequencing) sequencing, respectively. Global fungal load was assessed by real time quantitative PCR. Bacterial microbiota in Crohn's disease patients was characterized by a restriction in biodiversity with...
World Journal of Gastroenterology, 2009
To evaluate esophageal mucosal defense mechanisms at an epithelial level to establish if pantopra... more To evaluate esophageal mucosal defense mechanisms at an epithelial level to establish if pantoprazole treatment can induce ultrastructural healing and improvement in the proliferation activity of the esophageal epithelium in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Italian Journal of Medicine, 2013
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammation of the coli mucosa clinically characterized by ... more Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammation of the coli mucosa clinically characterized by bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain and other systemic symptoms. The onset, as well as subsequent relapses, may occur with varying degrees of clinical and endoscopic activity and extent of disease. The clinical and endoscopic activity varies from mild to severe, while the extent of disease, without interruption, may involve from the rectum up to the entire colon. The severe form, when not properly and promptly treated, can be life-threatening and may determine various complications requiring urgent surgical treatment. Early recognition of severe forms, their treatment and patient monitoring can reduce morbidity and mortality, and improve surgical outcome. Since the 1950s, systemic corticosteroids have been the first-line treatment in severe active UC. Today, appropriate patient monitoring, and recognition of clinical, radiological and laboratory findings indicative of steroid failure guide the clinician in the use of immunomodulatory drugs or suggest indications for surgery. The aim of our study is to review the more recent data and guidelines that could be useful in clinical practice for the management of severe UC.
Annals of gastroenterology : quarterly publication of the Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology, 2012
Pouchitis is a non-specific inflammation of the ileal reservoir and the most common complication ... more Pouchitis is a non-specific inflammation of the ileal reservoir and the most common complication of proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) in patients with ulcerative colitis. Its frequency is related to the duration of the follow up, occurring in up to 50% of patients 10 years after IPAA in large series from major referral centers. Treatment of pouchitis is largely empirical and only small placebo-controlled trials have been conducted. The rationale for using probiotics and antibiotics in pouchitis is based on convincing evidence that implicates intestinal bacteria in the pathogenesis of this disease. Probiotics are living organisms, which, upon ingestion in certain numbers, exert health benefits beyond inherent basic nutrition. VSL#3, a highly concentrated cocktail of probiotics has been shown to be effective in the prevention of pouchitis onset and relapses. Antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment of pouchitis, and metronidazole and ciprofloxacin are the most ...
World journal of gastroenterology : WJG, Jan 28, 2011
To elucidate cell proliferation in erosive reflux disease (ERD) and non-erosive reflux disease (N... more To elucidate cell proliferation in erosive reflux disease (ERD) and non-erosive reflux disease (NERD), we evaluated markers in squamous epithelial cells. Thirty-four consecutive patients with gastroesophageal-reflux-disease-related symptoms (21 NERD and 13 ERD) were evaluated for the enrolment into the study. All patients underwent 24-h pH monitoring, standard endoscopy, and biopsy for histological evaluation. The expression of cyclins D and A was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from isolated epithelial cells. In all samples, analysis of the isolated cell population revealed the presence of epithelial cells only. Real-time RT-PCR showed that, in patients with ERD, the relative expression of cyclin D1 mRNA in esophageal epithelium was strongly decreased in comparison with NERD patients. The mean value of relative expression of cyclin D1 mRNA in NERD patients was 3.44 ± 1.9, whereas in ERD patients, it was 1.32 ± 0.87 (P = 0.011). Real-t...
Internal and Emergency Medicine, 2011
The advent of capsule endoscopy (CE) has resulted in a paradigm shift in the approach to the diag... more The advent of capsule endoscopy (CE) has resulted in a paradigm shift in the approach to the diagnosis and management of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB). With increasing global availability of this diagnostic tool, it has now become an integral part of the diagnostic algorithm for OGIB in most parts of the world. However, there is scant data on optimum timing of CE for maximizing diagnostic yield. OGIB continues to be a challenge because of delay in diagnosis and consequent morbidity and mortality. We evaluated the diagnostic yield of CE in identifying the source of bleeding in patients with OGIB. We identified patients who underwent CE at our institution from May 2006 to May 2011. The patients' medical records were reviewed to determine the type of OGIB (occult, overt), CE results and complications, and timing of CE with respect to onset of bleeding. Out of 346 patients investigated for OGIB, 246 (71.1%) had some lesion detected by CE. In 206 patients (59.5%), definite lesions were detected that could unequivocally explain the OGIB. Small bowel angiodysplasia, ulcer/erosions secondary to Crohn's disease, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent use, and neoplasms were the commonest lesions detected. Visualization of the entire small bowel was achieved in 311 (89.9%) of cases. Capsule retention was noted in five patients (1.4%). In this study, CE was proven to be a safe, comfortable, and effective, with a high rate of accuracy for diagnosing OGIB.
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 2014
The prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) has been steadily increasing since 1960. They... more The prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) has been steadily increasing since 1960. They are widespread throughout Europe, North America, China, and Japan and are emerging as a global disease. The equilibrium among epithelial cells, the immune system, and the related microbiota seems to be paramount in ensuring the absence of these IBD. The role of bacteria in the setting of the gut microbiota has been thoroughly documented, but the role of fungi, which are less abundant, needs to be investigated. Our understanding of the fungal microbiota composition and its impact on IBD has greatly increased in the past 8 years. In this review, we compiled data obtained for the composition of fungal gut microbiota. Special attention was paid to the various effects of this microbial community on the IBD, i.e., the mechanisms and immune pathways involved in these interactions.
World Journal of Gastroenterology, 2011
Outstanding progress regarding the pathophysiology of Crohn's disease (CD) has led to the develop... more Outstanding progress regarding the pathophysiology of Crohn's disease (CD) has led to the development of innovative therapeutic concepts. Numerous controlled trials have been performed in CD. This review concentrates on the results of randomized, placebo-controlled trials, and meta-analyses when available, that provide the highest degree of evidence. Current guidelines on the management of CD recommend a step-up approach to treatment involving the addition of more powerful therapies as the severity of disease and refractoriness to therapy increase. The advent of biological drugs has opened new therapeutic horizons for treating CD, modifying the treatment goals. However, the large majority of patients with CD will be managed through conventional therapy, even if they are a prelude to biological therapy.
Oncogene, 2014
Chronic inflammation is an established risk factor for the onset of cancer, and the inflammatory ... more Chronic inflammation is an established risk factor for the onset of cancer, and the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 has a role in tumorigenesis by enhancing proliferation and hindering apoptosis. As factors stimulating proliferation also downregulate p53 expression by enhancing ribosome biogenesis, we hypothesized that IL-6 may cause similar changes in inflamed tissues, thus activating a mechanism that favors neoplastic transformation. Here, we showed that IL-6 downregulated the expression and activity of p53 in transformed and untransformed human cell lines. This was the consequence of IL-6-dependent stimulation of c-MYC mRNA translation, which was responsible for the upregulation of rRNA transcription. The enhanced rRNA transcription stimulated the MDM2-mediated proteasomal degradation of p53, by reducing the availability of ribosome proteins for MDM2 binding. The p53 downregulation induced the acquisition of cellular phenotypic changes characteristic of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, such as a reduced level of E-cadherin expression, increased cell invasiveness and a decreased response to cytotoxic stresses. We found that these changes also occurred in colon epithelial cells of patients with ulcerative colitis, a very representative example of chronic inflammation at high risk for tumor development. Histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis of colon biopsy samples showed an upregulation of ribosome biogenesis, a reduced expression of p53, together with a focal reduction or absence of E-cadherin expression in chronic colitis in comparison with normal mucosa samples. These changes disappeared after treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs. Taken together, the present results highlight a new mechanism that may link chronic inflammation to cancer, based on p53 downregulation, which is activated by the enhancement of rRNA transcription upon IL-6 exposure.
Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 2011
Background and aims: The long-term natural history of collagenous (CC) and lymphocytic colitis (L... more Background and aims: The long-term natural history of collagenous (CC) and lymphocytic colitis (LC) is not well known. The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical course of microscopic colitis (MC) and to describe the morbidity evolution of the disease. Material and methods: This study is based on a cohort of 54 patients (35 LC/19 CC), previously included in a randomized trial treated with mesalazine with or without cholestyramine. Patients were followed-up closely during the subsequent 5 years, undergoing clinical, endoscopic and histologic evaluation at least yearly. After this period, they were encouraged to undergo periodical clinical evaluations. Results: In a mean follow-up time of 104.9 ± 14.1 months (range 81-138 months) at the end of the therapy, 12 patients (7 LC and 5 CC) relapsed. Of these patients, 4 reported a mild clinical relapse self-treated with antidiarrheal medication. In total 49 patients are clinically free from diarrhea, to date. At multivariate analysis the only predictive factor of relapse seems to be a slow response to treatment. Conclusions: Only a minority of patients with MC had diarrhea more than once a week in a longterm follow-up and the symptom pattern was similar between CC and LC patients.
Digestive and Liver Disease, 2010
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2011
A 72-year-old man was admitted to the emergency room with a
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 2008
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2008
All patients completed the study. Significant decrease in acid exposure occurred on day 2 and in ... more All patients completed the study. Significant decrease in acid exposure occurred on day 2 and in each successive day in all groups. Pantoprazole and omeprazole are more effective than lansoprazole at inducing a normalization of intra-oesophageal acid exposure at days 2 and 3. Significant reduction in SI at day 2 was observed.
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2010
Cannabinoid (CB) receptors have been located in brain areas involved in the triggering of TLESRs ... more Cannabinoid (CB) receptors have been located in brain areas involved in the triggering of TLESRs as well as in the nodose ganglion from which vagal afferents emanate. The distribution of CB 1 receptors has been investigated in the human gastrointestinal mucosa, as expression of inflammatory process.