Liliana Gamboa - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Liliana Gamboa

Acinetobacter baumannii ha emergido como un patógeno importante que ocasiona una variedad ... more Acinetobacter baumannii ha emergido como un patógeno importante que ocasiona una variedad de infecciones con alta morbilidad y mortalidad. Los antibióticos carbapenemes representan generalmente, los últimos recursos para el tratamiento de infecciones intrahospitalarias y es preocupante que esta situación esté siendo amenazada a nivel mundial por la aparición de cepas de A. baumannii con resistencia a estos antibióticos. La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad clasificar las cepas de A. baumannii resistentes a los carbapenemes, aisladas de un Hospital de la región Zuliana durante Enero a Diciembre del año 2014, en multidrogo-resistentes, extremadamente drogoresistentes y pan drogo-resistentes. Se aislaron 142 cepas de A. baumannii, de las cuales 139 obtuvieron resistencia a los carbapenemes (97,89%). De las 139 cepas de A. baumannii, el 65,47% (91/139) fueron catalogadas como extensamente drogo-resistentes, m...

Kasmera, 2016

Staphylococcus aureus resistente a oxacilina (SAOR) continua siendo una causa importante de infec... more Staphylococcus aureus resistente a oxacilina (SAOR) continua siendo una causa importante de infecciones nosocomiales en todo el mundo. Se determino la resistencia a los antibioticos de cepas intrahospitalarias, clasificandolas en multidrogo-resistentes, extensamente drogo-resistentes o pandrogo-resistentes. Las muestras biologicas fueron recolectadas entre septiembre 2013-febrero 2014 y procesadas de acuerdo a tecnicas de bacteriologia convencional. La resistencia a los antibioticos se determino mediante el metodo de difusion con discos en agar y el gen mecA se detecto mediante reaccion en cadena de la polimerasa. Se observo baja prevalencia de SAOR intrahospitalario (13,86%). La mayor resistencia fue a eritromicina (66,07%), mientras que la resistencia frente a aminoglucosidos, fluoroquinolonas, clindamicina y tetraciclina fue inferior al 25%; la resistencia frente a trimetoprim/sulfametoxazol fue muy baja y el 100% de las cepas mostraron sensibilidad a rifampicina, linezolid, vanc...

The evaluation of the sanitary quality of processed shrimps destined for exportation requires per... more The evaluation of the sanitary quality of processed shrimps destined for exportation requires permanent determinations which guarantee the safety of the product. Nevertheless, the information regarding Salmonella diversity and occurrence in shrimps is very scarce in Venezuela. The prevalence and diversity of Salmonella strains was determined in 1,022 samples of raw frozen shrimps destined for exportation and processed in a facility located at Zulia State. The collection, management and transportation of samples for the bacteriological analyses were done according to a manual published by the North American Food and Drug Administration and the Venezuelan regulations COVENIN. Salmonella serotyping was done according to the antigenic formula described by the World Health Organization. Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica was found in 20 samples, establishing a 2 % prevalence. Additionally, a wide variety of Salmonella serotypes was found, the most frequent being Tennessee (20%), Typhimu...

Kasmera, 2014

Los antibioticos carbapenemes representan generalmente los ultimos recursos para el tratamiento d... more Los antibioticos carbapenemes representan generalmente los ultimos recursos para el tratamiento de infecciones asociadas a los servicios de salud producidas por bacterias Gram negativas multiresistentes. Es preocupante que esta situacion este siendo amenazada en todo el mundo por la aparicion de cepas con resistencia a estos antibioticos debido a la produccion de Carbapenemasas. Observando este panorama, se caracterizaron tanto fenotipica como genotipicamente las cepas de Enterobacteriaceae productoras de Carbapenemasas tipo KPC aisladas en un Hospital de la region Zuliana, durante 2009 a 2013. Fueron detectadas 423 cepas de Enterobacteriaceae resistentes a los carbapenemes debido a la produccion de estas enzimas (36,29%). Los pacientes mas afectados fueron adultos de sexo masculino procedentes de la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva. El sitio de colonizacion mas frecuente fue el tracto respiratorio, mientras que el estado de portador rectal fue poco frecuente. Las KPC fueron detectadas p...

Journal of Chemotherapy, 2019

Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated in Venezuela have been poorly characterized.... more Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated in Venezuela have been poorly characterized. The present study characterized a total of 34 isolates obtained from 27 patients; five of these patients were multiinfected. The bacterial species identified were Klebsiella pneumoniae (17), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9), and Acinetobacter baumannii (8). From these isolates, 85% were identified as carbapenemase-producing bacteria, and the identified carbapenemase genes were bla KPC-2 (10/29 [34.4%]), bla VIM-type (7/29 [24.1%]), bla OXA-23 (7/29 [24.1%]), bla NDM-1 (8/29 [27.5%]), and the coexistence of bla OXA-23 /bla NDM-1 (2/29 [6.8%]). Patient 1 was multi-infected by K. pneumoniae ST11 and ST2413 isolates harbouring the bla NDM-1 and bla KPC-2 genes, respectively. The other patients were multi-infected by two or three different bacterial species such as ESBLproducing K. pneumoniae isolates, P. aeruginosa harbouring the bla VIM-type gene, K. pneumoniae ST147 harbouring the bla KPC-2 gene and by A. baumannii harbouring the bla OXA-23 gene. The bla NDM-1 gene in A. baumannii is flanked by an uncommon genetic structure, whereas bla NDM-1 gene in K. pneumoniae revealed a common structure described in different plasmids from Enterobacteriaceae isolates. This study provides new information about the epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing bacteria in clinical setting in Venezuela.

Revista De La Sociedad Venezolana De Microbiologia, Jun 1, 2012

Artículo original Diversidad de serotipos de Salmonella en camarones de cultivo crudos congelados... more Artículo original Diversidad de serotipos de Salmonella en camarones de cultivo crudos congelados (Litopeneaus vannamei) de Venezuela

Recibido para publicación el 15 mayo 2015. Aprobado para publicación el 15 junio 2015. REsuMEN: A... more Recibido para publicación el 15 mayo 2015. Aprobado para publicación el 15 junio 2015. REsuMEN: Acinetobacter baumannii ha emergido como un patógeno importante que ocasiona una variedad de infecciones con alta morbilidad y mortalidad. Los antibióticos carbapenemes representan generalmente, los últimos recursos para el tratamiento de infecciones intrahospitalarias y es preocupante que esta situación esté siendo amenazada a nivel mundial por la aparición de cepas de A. baumannii con resistencia a estos antibióticos. La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad clasificar las cepas de A. baumannii resistentes a los carbapenemes, aisladas de un Hospital de la región Zuliana durante Enero a Diciembre del año 2014, en multidrogo-resistentes, extremadamente drogo-resistentes y pan drogo-resistentes. Se aislaron 142 cepas de A. baumannii, de las cuales 139 obtuvieron resistencia a los carbapenemes (97,89%). De las 139 cepas de A. baumannii, el 65,47% (91/139) fueron catalogadas como extens...

The evaluation of the sanitary quality of processed shrimps destined for exportation requires per... more The evaluation of the sanitary quality of processed shrimps destined for exportation requires permanent determinations which guarantee the safety of the product. Nevertheless, the information regarding Salmonella diversity and occurrence in shrimps is very scarce in Venezuela. The prevalence and diversity of Salmonella strains was determined in 1,022 samples of raw frozen shrimps destined for exportation and processed in a facility located at Zulia State. The collection, management and transportation of samples for the bacteriological analyses were done according to a manual published by the North American Food and Drug Administration and the Venezuelan regulations COVENIN. Salmonella serotyping was done according to the antigenic formula described by the World Health Organization. Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica was found in 20 samples, establishing a 2 % prevalence. Additionally, a wide variety of Salmonella serotypes was found, the most frequent being Tennessee (20%), Typhimu...

Kasmera, 2016

Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA) has remained a major cause of nosocomial infecti... more Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA) has remained a major cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. The antibiotic resistance of isolations was determined and we classify them in multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant or pandrug-resistant. The biological samples of patients from a Maracaibo's Hospital, during September 2013 to February 2014, were processed according to conventional techniques of bacteriology. Antibiotic resistance was determined by disk diffusion method in agar and the mecA gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction. It was observed a low prevalence of nosocomial ORSA (13.86%). The higher antibiotic resistance was observed against erythromycin (66.07%) and a resistance lower than 25% to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, tetracycline and clindamycin. The isolates showed a very low resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and all isolates were susceptible to rifampicin, linezolid, vancomycin and teicoplanin.The majority of isolates had...

Journal of infection in developing countries, 2020

INTRODUCTION The dramatic increase in the prevalence and clinical impact of infections caused by ... more INTRODUCTION The dramatic increase in the prevalence and clinical impact of infections caused by Carbapenemase-Producing Bacteria in the nosocomial setting in Latin America represents an emerging challenge to public health. The present study detected carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria in patients from a Hospital from Venezuela, by phenotypic and genotypic methods. METHODOLOGY The bacterial identification was carried out using conventional methods. The resistance to carbapenems was performed by Kirby-Baüer disk diffusion method, according to CLSI recommendations. The modified Hodge Test, double-disk with phenylboronic acid, double-disk with EDTA and Blue Carba Test were performed to detect phenotypic carbapenemase producers. The carbapenemase-encoding genes blaKPC, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaOXA-2, blaOXA-3, blaOXA-15 and blaOXA-21 were determined. RESULTS The bacterial species identified were Klebsiella pneumoniae complex (181), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (51), and Acinetobacter bau...

Kasmera, 2017

La alta incidencia de las enfermedades infecciosas y el aumento de la resistencia a los antibioti... more La alta incidencia de las enfermedades infecciosas y el aumento de la resistencia a los antibioticos se han convertido en la actualidad en un problema de salud publica, siendo las enterobacterias productoras de Betalactamasas de Espectro Extendido (BLEE) un ejemplo de este fenomeno. En el presente estudio se determino la produccion de BLEE en aislados clinicos de la familia Enterobacteriaceae procedentes de una institucion de salud de la ciudad de Maracaibo, durante el periodo septiembre de 2014 a febrero de 2015. Para la deteccion de BLEE se utilizo como metodo preliminar el de Kirby-Bauer, siguiendo los lineamientos del CLSI; adicionalmente se utilizo como prueba confirmatoria fenotipica el metodo de sinergia del doble disco y como prueba confirmatoria genotipica la deteccion de los genes bla CTX-M, bla TEM y bla mediante PCR. Se analizaron 55 enterobacterias productoras de BLEE, distribuidas de la siguiente manera: Escherichia coli 56,36%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 21,82%, Enterobact...

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, 2012

Over a two year period, the incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was evaluated in 29 he... more Over a two year period, the incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was evaluated in 29 hemodialysis patients, aged between 15 and 75 years (mean ± SD: 45 ± 39.5 years), from the University Hospital Hemodyalisis Unit, Maracaibo, Zulia State, Venezuela. Anti-HCV antibodies were determined using a fourth generation ELISA (Innotest HCV Ab IV) kit and positive blood samples were tested using a recombinant assay kit (Inno-LIA HCV Ab III), both kits from Innogenetics N.V., Belgium. The findings indicate a lack of HCV seroconversion in the hemodialysis patients over the study period, confirmed by the recombinant assay. Risk factors for HCV infection were 0.3270 (95% confidence interval: 0.01323-8.080) in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The findings suggest a lack of significant sources for HCV infection due to the preventive measures to avoid its transmission in the hemodialysis unit.

Acinetobacter baumannii ha emergido como un patógeno importante que ocasiona una variedad ... more Acinetobacter baumannii ha emergido como un patógeno importante que ocasiona una variedad de infecciones con alta morbilidad y mortalidad. Los antibióticos carbapenemes representan generalmente, los últimos recursos para el tratamiento de infecciones intrahospitalarias y es preocupante que esta situación esté siendo amenazada a nivel mundial por la aparición de cepas de A. baumannii con resistencia a estos antibióticos. La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad clasificar las cepas de A. baumannii resistentes a los carbapenemes, aisladas de un Hospital de la región Zuliana durante Enero a Diciembre del año 2014, en multidrogo-resistentes, extremadamente drogoresistentes y pan drogo-resistentes. Se aislaron 142 cepas de A. baumannii, de las cuales 139 obtuvieron resistencia a los carbapenemes (97,89%). De las 139 cepas de A. baumannii, el 65,47% (91/139) fueron catalogadas como extensamente drogo-resistentes, m...

Kasmera, 2016

Staphylococcus aureus resistente a oxacilina (SAOR) continua siendo una causa importante de infec... more Staphylococcus aureus resistente a oxacilina (SAOR) continua siendo una causa importante de infecciones nosocomiales en todo el mundo. Se determino la resistencia a los antibioticos de cepas intrahospitalarias, clasificandolas en multidrogo-resistentes, extensamente drogo-resistentes o pandrogo-resistentes. Las muestras biologicas fueron recolectadas entre septiembre 2013-febrero 2014 y procesadas de acuerdo a tecnicas de bacteriologia convencional. La resistencia a los antibioticos se determino mediante el metodo de difusion con discos en agar y el gen mecA se detecto mediante reaccion en cadena de la polimerasa. Se observo baja prevalencia de SAOR intrahospitalario (13,86%). La mayor resistencia fue a eritromicina (66,07%), mientras que la resistencia frente a aminoglucosidos, fluoroquinolonas, clindamicina y tetraciclina fue inferior al 25%; la resistencia frente a trimetoprim/sulfametoxazol fue muy baja y el 100% de las cepas mostraron sensibilidad a rifampicina, linezolid, vanc...

The evaluation of the sanitary quality of processed shrimps destined for exportation requires per... more The evaluation of the sanitary quality of processed shrimps destined for exportation requires permanent determinations which guarantee the safety of the product. Nevertheless, the information regarding Salmonella diversity and occurrence in shrimps is very scarce in Venezuela. The prevalence and diversity of Salmonella strains was determined in 1,022 samples of raw frozen shrimps destined for exportation and processed in a facility located at Zulia State. The collection, management and transportation of samples for the bacteriological analyses were done according to a manual published by the North American Food and Drug Administration and the Venezuelan regulations COVENIN. Salmonella serotyping was done according to the antigenic formula described by the World Health Organization. Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica was found in 20 samples, establishing a 2 % prevalence. Additionally, a wide variety of Salmonella serotypes was found, the most frequent being Tennessee (20%), Typhimu...

Kasmera, 2014

Los antibioticos carbapenemes representan generalmente los ultimos recursos para el tratamiento d... more Los antibioticos carbapenemes representan generalmente los ultimos recursos para el tratamiento de infecciones asociadas a los servicios de salud producidas por bacterias Gram negativas multiresistentes. Es preocupante que esta situacion este siendo amenazada en todo el mundo por la aparicion de cepas con resistencia a estos antibioticos debido a la produccion de Carbapenemasas. Observando este panorama, se caracterizaron tanto fenotipica como genotipicamente las cepas de Enterobacteriaceae productoras de Carbapenemasas tipo KPC aisladas en un Hospital de la region Zuliana, durante 2009 a 2013. Fueron detectadas 423 cepas de Enterobacteriaceae resistentes a los carbapenemes debido a la produccion de estas enzimas (36,29%). Los pacientes mas afectados fueron adultos de sexo masculino procedentes de la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva. El sitio de colonizacion mas frecuente fue el tracto respiratorio, mientras que el estado de portador rectal fue poco frecuente. Las KPC fueron detectadas p...

Journal of Chemotherapy, 2019

Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated in Venezuela have been poorly characterized.... more Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated in Venezuela have been poorly characterized. The present study characterized a total of 34 isolates obtained from 27 patients; five of these patients were multiinfected. The bacterial species identified were Klebsiella pneumoniae (17), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9), and Acinetobacter baumannii (8). From these isolates, 85% were identified as carbapenemase-producing bacteria, and the identified carbapenemase genes were bla KPC-2 (10/29 [34.4%]), bla VIM-type (7/29 [24.1%]), bla OXA-23 (7/29 [24.1%]), bla NDM-1 (8/29 [27.5%]), and the coexistence of bla OXA-23 /bla NDM-1 (2/29 [6.8%]). Patient 1 was multi-infected by K. pneumoniae ST11 and ST2413 isolates harbouring the bla NDM-1 and bla KPC-2 genes, respectively. The other patients were multi-infected by two or three different bacterial species such as ESBLproducing K. pneumoniae isolates, P. aeruginosa harbouring the bla VIM-type gene, K. pneumoniae ST147 harbouring the bla KPC-2 gene and by A. baumannii harbouring the bla OXA-23 gene. The bla NDM-1 gene in A. baumannii is flanked by an uncommon genetic structure, whereas bla NDM-1 gene in K. pneumoniae revealed a common structure described in different plasmids from Enterobacteriaceae isolates. This study provides new information about the epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing bacteria in clinical setting in Venezuela.

Revista De La Sociedad Venezolana De Microbiologia, Jun 1, 2012

Artículo original Diversidad de serotipos de Salmonella en camarones de cultivo crudos congelados... more Artículo original Diversidad de serotipos de Salmonella en camarones de cultivo crudos congelados (Litopeneaus vannamei) de Venezuela

Recibido para publicación el 15 mayo 2015. Aprobado para publicación el 15 junio 2015. REsuMEN: A... more Recibido para publicación el 15 mayo 2015. Aprobado para publicación el 15 junio 2015. REsuMEN: Acinetobacter baumannii ha emergido como un patógeno importante que ocasiona una variedad de infecciones con alta morbilidad y mortalidad. Los antibióticos carbapenemes representan generalmente, los últimos recursos para el tratamiento de infecciones intrahospitalarias y es preocupante que esta situación esté siendo amenazada a nivel mundial por la aparición de cepas de A. baumannii con resistencia a estos antibióticos. La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad clasificar las cepas de A. baumannii resistentes a los carbapenemes, aisladas de un Hospital de la región Zuliana durante Enero a Diciembre del año 2014, en multidrogo-resistentes, extremadamente drogo-resistentes y pan drogo-resistentes. Se aislaron 142 cepas de A. baumannii, de las cuales 139 obtuvieron resistencia a los carbapenemes (97,89%). De las 139 cepas de A. baumannii, el 65,47% (91/139) fueron catalogadas como extens...

The evaluation of the sanitary quality of processed shrimps destined for exportation requires per... more The evaluation of the sanitary quality of processed shrimps destined for exportation requires permanent determinations which guarantee the safety of the product. Nevertheless, the information regarding Salmonella diversity and occurrence in shrimps is very scarce in Venezuela. The prevalence and diversity of Salmonella strains was determined in 1,022 samples of raw frozen shrimps destined for exportation and processed in a facility located at Zulia State. The collection, management and transportation of samples for the bacteriological analyses were done according to a manual published by the North American Food and Drug Administration and the Venezuelan regulations COVENIN. Salmonella serotyping was done according to the antigenic formula described by the World Health Organization. Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica was found in 20 samples, establishing a 2 % prevalence. Additionally, a wide variety of Salmonella serotypes was found, the most frequent being Tennessee (20%), Typhimu...

Kasmera, 2016

Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA) has remained a major cause of nosocomial infecti... more Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA) has remained a major cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. The antibiotic resistance of isolations was determined and we classify them in multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant or pandrug-resistant. The biological samples of patients from a Maracaibo's Hospital, during September 2013 to February 2014, were processed according to conventional techniques of bacteriology. Antibiotic resistance was determined by disk diffusion method in agar and the mecA gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction. It was observed a low prevalence of nosocomial ORSA (13.86%). The higher antibiotic resistance was observed against erythromycin (66.07%) and a resistance lower than 25% to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, tetracycline and clindamycin. The isolates showed a very low resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and all isolates were susceptible to rifampicin, linezolid, vancomycin and teicoplanin.The majority of isolates had...

Journal of infection in developing countries, 2020

INTRODUCTION The dramatic increase in the prevalence and clinical impact of infections caused by ... more INTRODUCTION The dramatic increase in the prevalence and clinical impact of infections caused by Carbapenemase-Producing Bacteria in the nosocomial setting in Latin America represents an emerging challenge to public health. The present study detected carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria in patients from a Hospital from Venezuela, by phenotypic and genotypic methods. METHODOLOGY The bacterial identification was carried out using conventional methods. The resistance to carbapenems was performed by Kirby-Baüer disk diffusion method, according to CLSI recommendations. The modified Hodge Test, double-disk with phenylboronic acid, double-disk with EDTA and Blue Carba Test were performed to detect phenotypic carbapenemase producers. The carbapenemase-encoding genes blaKPC, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaOXA-2, blaOXA-3, blaOXA-15 and blaOXA-21 were determined. RESULTS The bacterial species identified were Klebsiella pneumoniae complex (181), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (51), and Acinetobacter bau...

Kasmera, 2017

La alta incidencia de las enfermedades infecciosas y el aumento de la resistencia a los antibioti... more La alta incidencia de las enfermedades infecciosas y el aumento de la resistencia a los antibioticos se han convertido en la actualidad en un problema de salud publica, siendo las enterobacterias productoras de Betalactamasas de Espectro Extendido (BLEE) un ejemplo de este fenomeno. En el presente estudio se determino la produccion de BLEE en aislados clinicos de la familia Enterobacteriaceae procedentes de una institucion de salud de la ciudad de Maracaibo, durante el periodo septiembre de 2014 a febrero de 2015. Para la deteccion de BLEE se utilizo como metodo preliminar el de Kirby-Bauer, siguiendo los lineamientos del CLSI; adicionalmente se utilizo como prueba confirmatoria fenotipica el metodo de sinergia del doble disco y como prueba confirmatoria genotipica la deteccion de los genes bla CTX-M, bla TEM y bla mediante PCR. Se analizaron 55 enterobacterias productoras de BLEE, distribuidas de la siguiente manera: Escherichia coli 56,36%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 21,82%, Enterobact...

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, 2012

Over a two year period, the incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was evaluated in 29 he... more Over a two year period, the incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was evaluated in 29 hemodialysis patients, aged between 15 and 75 years (mean ± SD: 45 ± 39.5 years), from the University Hospital Hemodyalisis Unit, Maracaibo, Zulia State, Venezuela. Anti-HCV antibodies were determined using a fourth generation ELISA (Innotest HCV Ab IV) kit and positive blood samples were tested using a recombinant assay kit (Inno-LIA HCV Ab III), both kits from Innogenetics N.V., Belgium. The findings indicate a lack of HCV seroconversion in the hemodialysis patients over the study period, confirmed by the recombinant assay. Risk factors for HCV infection were 0.3270 (95% confidence interval: 0.01323-8.080) in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The findings suggest a lack of significant sources for HCV infection due to the preventive measures to avoid its transmission in the hemodialysis unit.