Márcio Ladeira - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Márcio Ladeira

ABSTRACT Abstract Text: The objective was to evaluate beef quality of finishing young bulls Nello... more ABSTRACT Abstract Text: The objective was to evaluate beef quality of finishing young bulls Nellore or Aberdeen Angus fed a whole grain corn diet without roughage (WR, 85% of whole corn and 15% of commercial pellet) or a traditional diet containing 30% of corn silage and 70% of concentrate (30:70). Thirty-six animals, with average initial body weight of 381.2 ± 11.87 kg, were used in a 2 x 2 factorial design (2 breeds and 2 diets). Both diets had 12.5% crude protein and 2.88 Mcal/kg of ME. Animals were fed for 82d after a 28d adaptation period and slaughtered at the end. Samples were taken from the Longissimus dorsi muscle between the 12nd and 13rd ribs for centesimal composition analyses, color (L*, a*, b*), cooking weight loss (CWL) and shear force (SF). The model included the effects of breed, diet and their interaction and was analyzed using PROC GLM in SAS 9.1. The moisture, ashes, protein, CWL, a * and b * were not affected by breed and diet. However, Angus bulls showed higher muscle ether extract in WR than Nellore animals. Angus animals showed greater tenderness when compared to Nellore, and WR had a tendency to increase tenderness. Nellore presented a higher brightness (L *) when compared to Angus animals. Angus animals and diet with whole grain corn increased the levels of ether extract and the use of Angus animals improved meat tenderness. Table 1. Centesimal composition (%), color (L*, a*, b*), cooking weight loss (CWL), and shear force (SF) of beef from young bulls Nellore and Angus receiving diets with or without roughage. Atributes Nellore Angus SEM P Value 30:701 WR2 30:70 WR Breed Diet B*D Moisture (%) 73.7 74.4 73.9 73.51 1.08 0.77 0.88 0.56 Ashes (%) 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 0.15 0.81 0.61 0.87 Protein (%) 17.1 16.7 17.0 17.2 0.20 0.82 0.88 0.67 Ether extract (%) 4.9 4.1 4.1 6.2 0.04 0.04 0.05 <.0001 CWL(%) 27.4 27.4 27.7 25.6 1.58 0.30 0.11 0.14 SF (Kgf) 6.0 5.8 5.8 5.2 0.47 0.05 0.07 0.41 L* 49.2 48.7 48.3 47.7 0.51 0.02 0.97 0.56 a* 7.3 7.5 7.7 7.8 0.48 0.16 0.44 0.92 b* 9.7 9.5 9.4 9.2 0.42 0.1003 0.2745 0.8556 1 Diet containing 30% roughage and 70% concentrate (30:70); 2 diet with 85% corn grain and 15% commercial pellet (Without roughage, WR). Keywords: color, shear force, beef

52nd Annual Meeting of the Brazilian Society of Animal Science, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, 19-23 July 2015, 2015

Journal of Thermal Biology, May 1, 2023

Revista Brasileira De Zootecnia, 2019

We evaluated blood parameters of Angus and Nellore bulls fed diets with and without forage. Forty... more We evaluated blood parameters of Angus and Nellore bulls fed diets with and without forage. Forty animals with initial body weight (BW) of 380±16.2 kg were housed in individual stalls. Eight bulls of each breed were fed a whole shelled corn (WSC) diet [850 g kg −1 of WCS and 150 g kg −1 of a pellet based on soybean meal, dry mater (DM) basis] or a ground corn with silage (GC) diet (300 g kg −1 of silage and 700 g kg −1 of a concentrate based on corn and soybean meal, DM basis), ad libitum, and four animals of each breed were limited-fed the GC diet [feed restriction (FR), 55% of the DM intake of bulls fed ad libitum, adjusted for the metabolic BW]. Intake was measured daily, and a metabolism trial was conducted with total collection of feces and urine to estimate the ruminally degraded and undegraded protein (intake and nitrogen balance). Blood samples for determination of hormones and metabolites were collected. The data were analyzed using the GLM procedure of SAS adopting a significance level of 0.05. The diet affected only the serum concentrations of triglycerides, HDL, and VLDL, with limitedfed animals presenting smaller concentrations than ad libitum-fed bulls. No difference in blood parameters was observed between animals fed WSC or GC diets. Nellore bulls presented greater T4, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and serum urea nitrogen concentrations than Angus. Feeding finishing beef cattle with no-roughage diets does not alter their blood parameters. Also, our results support that Zebu cattle might have lower serum removal of nutrients due to a lesser demand for fat and protein deposition than Bos taurus taurus.

Arquivo Brasileiro De Medicina Veterinaria E Zootecnia, Feb 1, 2019

Aspectos morfológicos do rúmen, omaso e fígado de tourinhos alimentados com diferentes níveis de ... more Aspectos morfológicos do rúmen, omaso e fígado de tourinhos alimentados com diferentes níveis de glicerina bruta [Morphological aspects of rumen, omasum and liver of bulls fed different levels of crude glycerin]

The Journal of Agricultural Science, Nov 9, 2017

Journal of Animal Science, Dec 1, 2014

Calpastatin activity was measured on longissimus muscle of 17 Nellore and 17 Angus cattle fed two... more Calpastatin activity was measured on longissimus muscle of 17 Nellore and 17 Angus cattle fed two different diets. Cattle were randomly assigned into one of the following feeding strategies: 100:0 concentrate:roughage ratio (9 Nellore and 9 Angus) and 70:30 concentrate:roughage ratio (8 Nellore and 8 Angus) fed ad libitum. Longissimus muscle (LM) samples were collected 24 h postmortem and calpastatin activity measured. In order to validate calpastatin results, Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) and myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI) were performed on longissimus muscle samples also collected 24 h postmortem from each animal. Higher calpastatin activity was observed on LM from Nellore cattle (P = 0.0238). This result was confirmed by the lower values of MFI on LM of Nellore cattle (P = 0.0001) which led to a greater WBSF value (P = 0.0026) of Nellore compared to Angus Beef. Calpastatin activity was not affected by feeding management (P = 0.8437). Similarly, no differences were ob...

Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculturee, 2012

Journal of Animal Science, 2016

Livestock Science, Sep 1, 2023

Animal Feed Science and Technology, Oct 1, 2023

2014 ADSA-ASAS-CSAS Joint Annual Meeting, Jul 22, 2014

ABSTRACT Abstract Text: Use of lipid sources in beef cattle diet is recommended in order to incre... more ABSTRACT Abstract Text: Use of lipid sources in beef cattle diet is recommended in order to increase diet energy density, and reduce acetate:propionate ratio and methane production, which may benefit ruminal fermentation and improve feed efficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feed efficiency and carcass quality of Nellore young bulls fed ground soybean or extruded soybean. Sixty animals (average body weight of 320.33 ±8.12 kg) were used in a completely randomized design. Corn silage was fed as the forage source along with three different types of concentrates, representing the following treatments: no soybean, ground soybean (GSB) and extruded soybean (ESB). Dietary crude protein averaged 13.9% while soybean diets contained 6.1% ether extract. Animals were allocated to twelve pens based on dietary treatment (4 pens/treatment). Animals were weighed at the beginning, after 26 days of adaptation to experimental diets, and at the end of the feedlot to calculate average daily gain after fasting cattle for 16 hours. After 88 days on feed, cattle were slaughtered using cerebral concussion and exsanguination followed by recording hot carcass weights. After 24 hours of chilling at 1°C, cold carcass weights were recorded, along with measuring subcutaneous fat thickness and longissimus muscle area between the 12th and 13th ribs. The statistical model included the effects of diet with data analyzed using PROC GLM (SAS 9.3). There were no effects of diet on performance and carcass characteristics (Table 1). The feeding of processed soybeans did not affect feed efficiency and carcass traits for young Nellore bulls. Funded by Fapemig, CNPq, Capes, and INCT-CA. Table 1. Dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (G:F), final body weight (FBW), hot carcass weight (HCW), cold carcass weight (CCW), longissimus dorsi muscle area (LMA), longissimus dorsimuscle area per 100 kg of carcass (LMA/100kg), backfat thickness (BF), dressing percentage (DP) for young bulls fed processed soybean. Item NSB1 GSB2 ESB3 SEM P value DMI (kg/d) 10.2 9.85 9.96 0.298 0.73 ADG (kg/d) 1.50 1.44 1.53 0.059 0.55 G:F 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.004 0.46 FBW (kg) 440 438 451 10.029 0.56 HCW (kg) 250 249 259 4.633 0.26 CCW (kg) 246 244 255 4.410 0.24 LMA (cm2) 66.1 66.6 68.2 2.252 0.86 LMA (cm2/100kg) 27.8 27.3 26.8 1.089 0.83 BF (mm) 3.03 2.73 2.88 0.237 0.68 DP (%) 56.0 56.1 56.8 0.347 0.25 1Diet with no soybean; 2Diet with ground soybean; 3Diet with extruded soybean. Keywords: extruded, feedlot, lipids, oilseeds

Journal of Animal Science, Mar 1, 2017

Meat Science, Aug 1, 2014

This study evaluated the effect of feed restriction and goat genotype on meat quality. Three geno... more This study evaluated the effect of feed restriction and goat genotype on meat quality. Three genotypes (Brazilian native breed Canindé; Brazilian native breed Moxotó; and F1 Boer crossbred animals obtained by crossing Boer bucks with local breed does) and three different feeding regimens (ad libitum fed, AL; restricted fed at 75% of the ad libitum, R.75; or restricted fed at 50% of the average ad libitum intake, R.50) were used. There was no difference (P N 0.05) in chemical composition, total and soluble collagen, and shear force of the Longissimus lumborum muscle among genotypes. However, AL had greater amounts of soluble collagen and crude protein in the muscle (P b 0.05) than R.75. No difference (P N 0.05) was observed for the myofibrillar fragmentation index. The goat genotype presented few differences in their fatty acid profiles. However, goats fed ad libitum had a more favorable fatty acid profile for human health with greater concentrations of oleic acid, unsaturated fatty acids, and conjugated linoleic acid.

Animal, 2020

Dietary protein adjustments can reduce environmental impact and economic losses in production sys... more Dietary protein adjustments can reduce environmental impact and economic losses in production systems. However, we lack information regarding nitrogen (N) metabolism and protein requirements for maintenance of crossbred animals such as Red Norte breed, precluding a precise dietary management. The objective was to evaluate the effect of increasing dietary CP levels (9%, 11%, 13%, 15% and 17%) on intake, digestibility and N balance, as well as to estimate the metabolizable protein requirements for maintenance (MPm) of growing Red Norte bulls. Thirty five animals averaging 280 ± 4.0 kg BW were fed during 45 days in a 60 : 40 forage : concentrate ratio diet in which the last 5 days were used for the digestibility trial. Intakes of CP and non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFCs) and feed efficiency linearly increased (P < 0.05) as CP levels increased, while DM, NDF, nitrogen efficiency use and ether extract were not influenced by CP levels (P > 0.05). Digestibilities of DM, organic matter, ether extract, NFC and CP as well as metabolizable energy intake linearly increased (P < 0.05), and true digestibility of CP was not affected (P > 0.05) by treatments. Urinary N and retained N linearly increased (P < 0.05) with the increase in dietary N. The MPm were estimated as 4.46 g/BW 0.75 and the efficiency of use of MPm was 0.673. In conclusion, obtained MPm requirements of growing Red Norte bulls are greater than the values reported in literature for Zebu cattle and dietary CP levels of 15% and 17% exhibited great responses for growing Red Norte cattle. However, a cost-benefit evaluation should be done before its use.

Livestock Science, Feb 1, 2020

Abstract Frequent measurements of body weight (BW) in livestock systems are very important becaus... more Abstract Frequent measurements of body weight (BW) in livestock systems are very important because they allow assessing growth. However, real-time monitoring of animal growth through traditional weighing scales is stressful for animals, costly and labor-intensive. Thus, the objectives of this study were to: 1) assess the predictive quality of an automated computer vision system used to predict BW and average daily gain (ADG) in beef cattle; and 2) compare different predictive approaches, including Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), Partial Least Squares (PLS), and Artificial Neutral Networks (ANN). A total of 234 images of Nellore beef cattle were collected during the weaning, stocker and feedlot phases. First, biometric body measurements of each animal, such as body volume, area, length, and others, were performed using three-dimensional images captured with the Kinect® sensor, and their respective BW were acquired using an electronic scale. Next, the biometric measurements were used as explanatory variables in the four predictive approaches (MLR, LASSO, PLS, and ANN). To evaluate prediction quality, a leave-one-out cross-validation was adopted. The ANN was the best prediction approach in terms of Root Mean Square Error of Prediction (RMSEP) and squared predictive correlation (r2). The results for Weaning were RMSEP = 8.6 kg and r2 = 0.91; for Stocker phase, RMSEP = 11.4 kg and r2 = 0.79; and for Beginning of feedlot, RMSEP = 7.7 kg and r2 = 0.92. The ANN was also the best method for prediction of ADG, with RMSEP = 0.02 kg/d and r2 = 0.67 for the period between Weaning and Stocker, RMSEP = 0.02 kg/d and r2 = 0.85 for the Weaning and Beginning of Feedlot phase, RMSEP = 0.03 kg/d and r2 = 0.80 for Weaning and Final of Feedlot phase, RMSEP = 0.10 kg/d and r2 = 0.51 for Stocker and Beginning of feedlot phase, and RMSEP = 0.09 kg/d and r2 = 0.82 for the Beginning and Final of feedlot phase. Overall, the results indicate that the proposed automated computer vision system can be successfully used to predict BW and ADG in real-time in beef cattle.

Journal of Animal Science, Sep 21, 2022

2014 ADSA-ASAS-CSAS Joint Annual Meeting, Jul 21, 2014

ABSTRACT Abstract Text: The objective was to evaluate intake and digestibility of nutrients in Ne... more ABSTRACT Abstract Text: The objective was to evaluate intake and digestibility of nutrients in Nellore and Angus young bulls fed a corn silage/concentrate diet and a whole shell corn (WSC) diet without the use of forage. Thirty-six animals with average body weight of 381.2 ± 11.87 kg were used in a completely randomized design using a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement (2 breeds and 2 diets). The corn silage/concentrate diet contained 30% silage and 70% of concentrate based on corn and soybean meal. The WSC diet had 85% whole shell corn and 15% of a pellet based on soybean meal and minerals. Both diets had 12.5% of crude protein and 2.88 Mcal/kg of ME. The animals were allocated in individual pens and fed during 81 days of experiment. However, the digestibility trial started at day 65 with total collection of feces and orts for five consecutive days. Intake was measured daily. Data were analyzed using PROC GLM of SAS 9.3. Angus animals had greater nutrient intake (kg/d) due to their greater body weight, compared to Nellore (Table 1). However, there weren’t differences on dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake, when data were analyzed on live weight percentage. WSC diets decreased DMI on both breeds studied. Breeds affected digestibility of non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) only when WSC diet was used, being greater in Angus animals. WSC diet had greater digestibility of NDF, less digestibility of NFC and a tendency to increase DM digestibility. In conclusion, Angus young bulls have more capacity to digest NFC than Nellore. Funded by Fapemig, CNPq, CAPES and INCT-CA. Table 1. Intake and digestibility of diets without forage (WSC) and with 30% corn silage (30:70) in Nellore and Angus young bulls. Item Nellore Angus SEM P Value 30:701 WSC2 30:70 WSC Breed Diet B*D DMI (kg/d) 14.1 7.5 16.2 9.6 0.71 <0.01 <0.01 0.97 DMI (%LW) 3.0 1.8 3.0 1.8 0.15 0.92 <0.01 0.92 NDFI (kg/d) 4.7 1.7 5.2 2.2 0.20 0.02 <0.01 0.93 NDFI (%LW) 1.0 0.4 1.0 0.4 0.04 0.83 <0.01 0.67 NFCI (kg/d) 6.7 4.0 7.8 5.3 0.38 <0.01 <0.01 0.93 DMDig (%) 78.6 80.7 78.0 83.7 1.91 0.58 0.07 0.39 NDFDig (%) 68.8 78.5 64.0 81.7 2.35 0.73 <0.01 0.12 NFCDig (%) 98.6 a 88.9 c 99.1 a 94.4 b 1.21 0.02 <0.01 0.04 CPDig (%) 78.3 78.9 77.1 80.3 1.77 0.96 0.27 0.45 Keywords: breeds, corn, feedlot