Blood parameters of Angus and Nellore young bulls fed diets with or without forage (original) (raw)
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This experiment was conducted to study the effects of five different ratios of barley grain to maize grain: 1) 100:00, 2) 75:25, 3) 50:50, 4) 25:75, and 5) 00:100 on feedlot performance, carcass quality, ruminal and blood parameters of twenty-five Holstein bulls. Quadratic effects were detected for carcass efficiency and were greatest for diets with barley grain-to-maize grain ratios of 75:25 and 50:50 compared with other diets. Also, back-fat thickness, abdominal fat, and meat ether extract increased as the proportion of maize increased in the diets (P < 0.05). When the proportion of maize in diets increased, the amount of undigested grain in feces increased linearly (P < 0.05). At 3 and 6 h after feeding, as the proportion of barley increased in the diets, ruminal pH decreased quadratically. We conclude that feeding bulls diets based on 50:50 and 75:25 barley-to-maize grain ratios resulted in higher carcass efficiency and optimal ruminal parameters.
Blood parameter of Nellore steers submitted to different levels of feed intake
Boletim de indústria animal, 2019
Blood parameters of 18 Nellore steers submitted to high concentrate diet in two sequential feeding regimes (phase 1: restriction and phase 2: ad libitum feeding) were evaluated. In the first phase, steers were fed for 56 days three intake levels of dry matter (ad libitum, 75 g dry matter (DM)/kg metabolic body weight (BW 0.75) or 60 g DM/kg BW 0.75. In the second phase, from the 57 th day on feed, animals fed 60 g DM/kg BW 0.75 and 75 g DM/kg BW 0.75 were fed ad libitum until the 136 th day. In the 8 th , 27 th , 55 th (first phase), 71 st , 84 th , 112 th and 132 nd (second phase) day of experimental period, blood samples were collected and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), glucose, plasma ureic nitrogen (PUN) and total protein (TP) were determined. In the first phase IGF-I, T4, glucose and total protein concentration was not different among treatments (P>0.05) and there was no interaction between treatment and time (P>0.05). There was an interaction among treatments and time on T3 and plasma ureic nitrogen (P<0.01). In the second phase IGF-I, T3, T4, glucose and total protein concentration was not different among treatments and there was no interaction between treatment and time (P>0.05). For plasma ureic nitrogen concentration there was an interaction among treatments and time (P=0.02). Lower levels of diet intake can be used to improve animal performance in feedlot.
Metabolic profile of cattle receiving “Max Beef” whole grain diet
Revista Agraria Academica, 2020
The current study aimed to characterize the effects of diet based on whole corn grain on the dynamics of clinical parameters and biochemical metabolites of confined cattle. Twenty young mixed-breed cattle, with a mean weight of 332 kg, were used, divided into two experimental groups. The experimental group (G1; n=15), composed of animals fed only Max Beef Whole Grain diet and the control group (G2; n=5), composed of animals fed with sugarcane bagasse and the Max Beef Grain Whole grain diet, in the ratio 30:70. Blood samples were taken for analysis of different biomarkers of the energy, protein and enzymatic activity. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Analysis System program, and for all analyzes, the 5% probability level was adopted. The cattle in the G1 group showed characteristic clinical manifestations of ruminal acidosis. Inference from the G1 diet on some analyzed variables occurred, highlighted in the energy profile, without putting the animals' health at risk. However, for the use of this type of diet, careful food planning is recommended, especially during the animals' adaptation period.
Body chemical composition of Nellore bulls with different residual feed intakes1
Journal of Animal Science, 2013
Empty body and carcass chemical compositions, expressed as content of water, ether extract, protein, minerals, and energy, were evaluated in Nellore bulls with different residual feed intakes (RFI). Forty-nine not castrated males, with 343 kg of average initial BW and 398 kg of average slaughter BW, were studied. Animals were divided in two subgroups: reference group (RG) and ad libitum feeding group. At the end of the adaptation period, animals of subgroup RG were slaughtered and the other animals were finished in individual pens for approximately 100 d, until they reached a subcutaneous fat thickness over the LM of 4 mm, and were slaughtered at an average age of 540 d. Body composition was obtained after grinding, homogenizing, sampling, analyzing, and combining blood, hide, head + feet, viscera, and carcass. Tissue deposition rates and chemical composition of gain were also measured based on gains estimated by comparative slaughter technique. No significant differences in slaughter BW (P = 0.8639), empty BW (P = 0.7288), HCW (P = 0.6563), or empty body and carcass rates of gain were observed between RFI groups, demonstrating that the low (-0.331 kg DM/d) and high (+0.325 kg DM/d) RFI animals presented similar body sizes and growth rates. No significant differences in empty body or carcass content of water, ether extract, protein, minerals, and energy were observed between the low and high RFI animals. And also there were no significant differences in empty BW or carcass gain, demonstrating that low and high RFI animals had a similar growth potential. More efficient animals (low RFI) consumed less feed than less efficient animals (high RFI) but presented similar body sizes, growth rates, and empty body and carcass chemical composition.
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2010
The objective of this study was to assess the bionutritional efficiency of crossbred F1 Red Angus × Nellore (½ RA ½ N) and F1 Blonde D'Aquitaine × Nellore (½ BA ½ N) young bulls finished on feedlot and slaughtered at 480, 520 and 560 kg body weight. A completely randomized experimental design in a 2 × 3 (genetic group × slaughter weight) factorial arrangement with six replicates was used. The ½ BA ½ N young bulls showed higher kidney, pelvic and inguinal fat (KPIF, kg and % BW) and lower multivariate biological nutritional index (MBNI) and residual feed intake than ½ RA ½ N young bulls. The young bulls slaughtered at heavier weight had larger ribeye area (cm²), fat thickness over the 12-13th rib, fat thickness over the rump, KPIF (kg and % BW), dry matter intake (DMI, kg/d), net energy intake (MJ/d) and metabolizable protein intake (g/d), and MBNI compared to young bulls slaughtered at lighter weight. Furthermore, the ½ BA ½ N young bulls slaughtered at 480 kg had lower feed con...
Archives Animal Breeding
Between the ages of 23 and 35 weeks, various serum metabolites and enzymes were monitored in three 10-animal groups of double-muscled Belgian Blue bull calves maintained in a feedlot in Galicia (NW Spain) on high-grain finishing diets that mainly differed in whether the grain used was predominantly maize (group M), predominantly barley (group B), or a mixture of maize and barley in approximately equal proportions (group MB). The parameters determined were glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), total serum protein concentration (TSP), albumin, serum urea nitrogen (SUN), creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Throughout the study period, all these parameters remained within the physiological ranges for beef under intensive conditions, and no animal ever showed clinical symptoms of ruminal alterations; indicating that none of these highgrain diets were detrimental to animal health. Although average serum NEFA, creatinine, albumin, AST an...
Metabolic Profile of Steers Subjected to Normal Feeding, Fasting, and Re-Feeding Conditions
Veterinary Sciences, 2020
The effects of feeding, fasting, and re-feeding on the metabolic profile of growing cattle were studied. Blood and urine samples were obtained from 12 crossbred steers weighing approximately 300 kg during the following periods: 11 h of normal feeding (postprandial period), 48 consecutive hours of fasting, followed by 48 h of re-feeding. Compared with the postprandial period, fasting caused the following modifications: moderate hypoglycemia accompanied by remarkable lipolysis detected by the increase in plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFAs); absence of hepatic lipidosis, as there were no changes in aspartate aminotransferase activity or serum cholesterol levels; mild ketogenesis, confirmed by the slight increase of β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB); increased amino acid burn for energy production, verified by the increase in serum urea contents. There were strong positive correlations between the plasma levels of FFAs and βHB (r = 0.68; p < 0.001), fasting duration and FFA concentration ...
Energy and protein requirements for Angus and Nellore young bulls
Livestock Science, 2017
Thirty-two animals with initial body weight (BW) of 380±5.2 kg were used to determine energy and protein requirements of Nellore and Angus young bulls using the comparative slaughter technique. Four animals per breed were slaughtered at beginning of the experiment. The remainder were housed in individual stalls, where eight animals per breed were fed ad libitum a silage/concentrate (SC) diet (300 g/kg of silage and 700 g/kg of a concentrate based on corn and soybean meal, DM basis). Another 4 animals per breed were fed the SC diet at 55% of their dry matter intake adjusted for the metabolic BW of animals that received the SC 2 diet ad libitum. Intake was measured daily and a metabolism trial was conducted with total collection of feces and urine. The data were used then to estimate the metabolizable energy intake. After 84 d of growth the cattle were slaughtered. The data were analyzed using the GLM and NLIN procedures of SAS adopting significance level of 0.05. The metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance differed between Angus and Nellore: 0.580 versus 0.456 MJ/kg BW 0.75 •d-1 when calculated by logarithm model and 0.559 versus 0.483 MJ/kg BW 0.75 •d-1 when calculated by nonlinear model. There was no difference between breeds in the nutritional requirements for growth. Our results support that Zebu bulls have lower net energy requirements for maintenance than Bos taurus taurus bulls.
Journal of Animal Science, 2007
for providing the financial support. ABSTRACT: A comparative slaughter trial was conducted with 36 F1 Nellore x Red Angus calves (12 steers, 12 bulls, and 12 heifers), averaging 274 kg BW, to assess the net requirements of protein and energy for growth and maintenance. Three animals from each gender were slaughtered at the beginning of the trial to determine the initial body composition. The remaining calves were randomly assigned to 3 treatments: maintenance level (diet containing 70% of DM as corn silage fed at 1.2% of BW daily) or fed concentrate at 0.75 or 1.5% of BW daily with corn silage available for ad libitum consumption. The diets were isonitrogenous (2% N, DM basis). The experimental design provided ranges in ME intake, BW, and ADG for the development of regression equations to predict the maintenance requirements for NE and net protein (MRNE and MRNP, respectively) and the growth requirement for NE and net protein (GRNE and Page 1 of 39 Journal of Animal Science GRNP, respectively). After 84 d of growth, cattle were slaughtered. The cleaned gastrointestinal tracts, organs, carcasses, heads, hides, tails, feet, blood, and tissues were weighed to measure empty BW (EBW). These parts were ground separately and sub-sampled for chemical analyses. 26 For each animal within a period, DMI was measured daily and samples of feces were collected to 27 determine diet digestibility. There were no differences in MRNE (P = 0.06) among genders. The combined data indicated a MRNE of 71.2 kcal•kg-0.75 of EBW•d-1 , with a partial efficiency of use of ME to NE for maintenance of 0.71. The partial efficiency of use of ME to NE for growth was 0.54 for bulls, 0.47 for steers, and 0.54 for heifers. The GRNE for steers and heifers were similar (P = 0.15) but were 18.7% greater (P = 0.03) for steers and heifers than for bulls. The MRNP did not differ among genders and averaged 2.53 g CP•kg-0.75 of EBW•d-1. Likewise, GRNP was not different among genders. The percentage of retained energy deposited as protein (RE p) increased as the content of retained energy in the gain (RE c , Mcal/kg of empty body gain) decreased. The RE p equation of the pooled data was 46.5 × e-0.2463×REc. We conclude that the energy requirement 36 of crossbred Bos indicus x Bos taurus for maintenance might be less than that of pure Bos taurus 37 and that RE p is nonlinearly, negatively correlated with RE c. The GRNE was less for bulls than for steers and heifers. However, we found no differences in MRNE, MRNP, and GRNP for bulls, steers, and heifers of Nellore x Red Angus crossbreds.