Mário Fresta - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Mário Fresta
Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review
It discusses what constitutes the problem of Integrity and Ethics in Scientific Research worldwid... more It discusses what constitutes the problem of Integrity and Ethics in Scientific Research worldwide and, in particular, what challenge it poses to FUNDECIT in Angola, based on its Statute, literature and press reports. Research produces scientific knowledge which, ever since, and even more so in the modern information/global knowledge society, is the basis of the economy and development. Good practices in the application of the scientific method, integrity, ethics and deontology make it possible to permanently obtain reliable and relevant knowledge. Bad practices, on the other hand, corrupt the system by introducing potentially wrong knowledge, waste resources, and create unfair competition. Thus, all actors in science (researchers, research groups, research and development institutions, funding agencies and global organizations) must promote training and education, policies and practices that are honest and pro-ethical. FUNDECIT's Statute advocates “respecting ethical standards,...
Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review
International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences
Welcome to the first issue of Angolan Journal of Health Sciences.
Revista Angolana de Ciências da Saúde / Angolan Journal Of Health Sciences
A gestão das questões bioéticas deve alicerçar-se em princípios e recomendações bem estabelecidas... more A gestão das questões bioéticas deve alicerçar-se em princípios e recomendações bem estabelecidas. Neste estudo do tipo bibliométrico, fez-se o levantamento do volume de publicação científica em Covid-19 (e cumulativamente em Bioética), publicados na base de dados Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) durante o período de 1 de Janeiro de 2020 à 31 de Março de 2021, identificou-se diversos tópicos focados, visando disponibilizar aos profissionais e investigadores na área das ciências Médicas e da Saúde, particularmente em Angola, evidências que promovam a eticidade das políticas e práticas no combate a esta pandemia, na atenção às populações e na assistência aos doentes. No período estudado, a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) devolvia 118 483,00 publicações (260/dia) para a expressão de busca Covid, das quais 158 (0,35/d e 0,13% do total Covid) adicionando a palavra bioethics, a percentagem é superior à das publicações com bioethics e flu (0,07%) e em malaria (0,03%). Das 158 publicaçõe...
Anais do Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Nov 18, 2021
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Anais do Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Nov 18, 2021
O enfrentamento da COVID-19 nos países da Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa - CPLP
Background: The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze the professional expectations of... more Background: The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze the professional expectations of medical students during the 2007-2008 academic year at the public medical schools of Angola, Guinea-Bissau and Mozambique, and to identify their social and geographical origins, their professional expectations and difficulties relating to their education and professional future. Methods: Data were collected through a standardised questionnaire applied to all medical students registered during the 2007-2008 academic year. Results: Students decide to study medicine at an early age. Relatives and friends seem to have an especially important influence in encouraging, reinforcing and promoting the desire to be a doctor. The degree of feminization of the student population differs among the different countries. Although most medical students are from outside the capital cities, expectations of getting into medical school are already associated with migration from the periphery to the capital ...
Anais do Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Nov 18, 2021
Quantum wires (QWs) and quantum point contacts (QPCs) have been realized in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostr... more Quantum wires (QWs) and quantum point contacts (QPCs) have been realized in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures in which a two-dimensional electron gas resides at the interface between GaAs and AlGaAs layered semiconductors. The electron transport in these structures has previously been studied experimentally and theoretically, and a 0.7 conductance anomaly has been discovered. The present paper is motivated by experiments with a QW in shallow symmetric and asymmetric confinements that have shown additional conductance anomalies at zero magnetic field. The proposed device consists of a QPC that is formed by split gates and a top gate between two large electron reservoirs. This paper is focussed on the theoretical study of electron transport through a wide top-gated QPC in a low-density regime and is based on density functional theory. The electron-electron interaction and shallow confinement make the splitting of the conduction channel into two channels possible. Each of them becomes spin-polarized at certain split and top gates voltages and may contribute to conductance giving rise to additional conductance anomalies. For symmetrically loaded split gates two conduction channels contribute equally to conductance. For the case of asymmetrically applied voltage between split gates conductance anomalies may occur between values of 0.25(2e2/h) and 0.7(2e2/h) depending on the increased asymmetry in split gates voltages. This corresponds to different degrees of spin-polarization in the two conduction channels that contribute differently to conductance. In the case of a strong asymmetry in split gates voltages one channel of conduction is pinched off and just the one remaining channel contributes to conductance. We have found that on the perimeter of the anti-dot there are spin-polarized states. These states may also contribute to conductance if the radius of the anti-dot is small enough and tunneling between these states may occur. The spin-polarized states in the QPC with shallow confinement tuned by electric means may be used for the purposes of quantum technology.
Anais do Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Nov 18, 2021
INTED2022 Proceedings, 2022
Background: A global effort has been made in the last years to establish a set of core competence... more Background: A global effort has been made in the last years to establish a set of core competences that define the essential professional competence of a physician. Regardless of the environment, culture or medical education conditions, a set of core competences is required for medical practice worldwide. Evaluation of educational program is always needed to assure the best training for medical students and ultimately best care for patients. The aim of this study was to determine in what extent medical students in Portugal and Portuguese speaking African countries, felt they have acquired the core competences to start their clinical practice. For this reason, it was created a measurement tool to evaluate self-perceived competences, in different domains, across Portuguese and Portuguese-speaking African medical schools. Methods: The information was collected through a questionnaire that defines the knowledge, attitudes and skills that future doctors should acquire. The Cronbach’s Alp...
Journal of Advances in Medical Education & Professionalism, 2020
Introduction: Angola has about 28 million inhabitants and approximately 0.21 physicians/1,000 pop... more Introduction: Angola has about 28 million inhabitants and approximately 0.21 physicians/1,000 population. There is only one specialist in some medical fields in the whole country while there is not even one specialist in some other fields. The objective of this study is to investigate the significance of the Cooperation Program for Foreign Doctors (Brazil) and its impact on the provision of specialized medical care in Angola, showing the evolution of the different specialties as well as the emergence of some specialties in Angola. Methods: A retrospective study was performed, identifying the Angolan doctors trained in Brazil by the Cooperation Program for Foreign Doctors. The number and specialty of the trained physicians were obtained from the database of the program, and the number of doctors in each specialty in Angola was obtained by consulting the registry of doctors of the various specialist colleges in Angola. Results: From February 2011 to March 2019, 111 physicians were tra...
Purpose: in literature the expression ‘professional vocation’ is used to describe a specific area... more Purpose: in literature the expression ‘professional vocation’ is used to describe a specific area of science (craft, occupation, profession) that the person is easier to perform and can be identified by psychological tests, the authors evaluated the correlation between having or not vocation for medical school and academic success. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study on the vocational profile of candidates admitted to the Agostinho Neto University Medical school in 2013, with six years of follow-up (2013-2019). A total of 63 participants were included in the analysis. Results: At the final evaluation, there were 63 participants (35% lost to follow-up) comprising 30 males (47.6%) and 33 females (52.4%). A total of 15 participants (23.8%) had a vocation for medicine at the beginning of the course and only 4 participants (6.3%) had a vocation for medicine at graduation. At graduation, most of the participants presented realistic vocational profiles. The academic success cr...
Revista Angolana de Ciências da Saúde / Angolan Journal Of Health Sciences, 2021
Given the strong growth of medical education initiatives in African Member States of the Communit... more Given the strong growth of medical education initiatives in African Member States of the Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries (CPLP) and considering the increased cooperation in medical education, it is justified under the Strategic Plan for Cooperation in Health (PECS) of the CPLP, to think this cooperation in a triangular, southnorth- south approach, coordinating the initiatives in a framework of priorities discussed and defined collectively. The networks created to coordinate other cooperation activities under the PECS point a way forward. With a history of attempts to create intervention networks in medical education, with the experience gained, we argue in this article that actors actively involved in development cooperation of medical education should strive to establish a Cooperation Network on Medical Education of the CPLP in conjunction with other initiatives implemented in the Portuguese-speaking States, such as cooperation initiatives by the USA and Cuba.
Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review
It discusses what constitutes the problem of Integrity and Ethics in Scientific Research worldwid... more It discusses what constitutes the problem of Integrity and Ethics in Scientific Research worldwide and, in particular, what challenge it poses to FUNDECIT in Angola, based on its Statute, literature and press reports. Research produces scientific knowledge which, ever since, and even more so in the modern information/global knowledge society, is the basis of the economy and development. Good practices in the application of the scientific method, integrity, ethics and deontology make it possible to permanently obtain reliable and relevant knowledge. Bad practices, on the other hand, corrupt the system by introducing potentially wrong knowledge, waste resources, and create unfair competition. Thus, all actors in science (researchers, research groups, research and development institutions, funding agencies and global organizations) must promote training and education, policies and practices that are honest and pro-ethical. FUNDECIT's Statute advocates “respecting ethical standards,...
Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review
International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences
Welcome to the first issue of Angolan Journal of Health Sciences.
Revista Angolana de Ciências da Saúde / Angolan Journal Of Health Sciences
A gestão das questões bioéticas deve alicerçar-se em princípios e recomendações bem estabelecidas... more A gestão das questões bioéticas deve alicerçar-se em princípios e recomendações bem estabelecidas. Neste estudo do tipo bibliométrico, fez-se o levantamento do volume de publicação científica em Covid-19 (e cumulativamente em Bioética), publicados na base de dados Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) durante o período de 1 de Janeiro de 2020 à 31 de Março de 2021, identificou-se diversos tópicos focados, visando disponibilizar aos profissionais e investigadores na área das ciências Médicas e da Saúde, particularmente em Angola, evidências que promovam a eticidade das políticas e práticas no combate a esta pandemia, na atenção às populações e na assistência aos doentes. No período estudado, a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) devolvia 118 483,00 publicações (260/dia) para a expressão de busca Covid, das quais 158 (0,35/d e 0,13% do total Covid) adicionando a palavra bioethics, a percentagem é superior à das publicações com bioethics e flu (0,07%) e em malaria (0,03%). Das 158 publicaçõe...
Anais do Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Nov 18, 2021
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Anais do Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Nov 18, 2021
O enfrentamento da COVID-19 nos países da Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa - CPLP
Background: The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze the professional expectations of... more Background: The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze the professional expectations of medical students during the 2007-2008 academic year at the public medical schools of Angola, Guinea-Bissau and Mozambique, and to identify their social and geographical origins, their professional expectations and difficulties relating to their education and professional future. Methods: Data were collected through a standardised questionnaire applied to all medical students registered during the 2007-2008 academic year. Results: Students decide to study medicine at an early age. Relatives and friends seem to have an especially important influence in encouraging, reinforcing and promoting the desire to be a doctor. The degree of feminization of the student population differs among the different countries. Although most medical students are from outside the capital cities, expectations of getting into medical school are already associated with migration from the periphery to the capital ...
Anais do Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Nov 18, 2021
Quantum wires (QWs) and quantum point contacts (QPCs) have been realized in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostr... more Quantum wires (QWs) and quantum point contacts (QPCs) have been realized in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures in which a two-dimensional electron gas resides at the interface between GaAs and AlGaAs layered semiconductors. The electron transport in these structures has previously been studied experimentally and theoretically, and a 0.7 conductance anomaly has been discovered. The present paper is motivated by experiments with a QW in shallow symmetric and asymmetric confinements that have shown additional conductance anomalies at zero magnetic field. The proposed device consists of a QPC that is formed by split gates and a top gate between two large electron reservoirs. This paper is focussed on the theoretical study of electron transport through a wide top-gated QPC in a low-density regime and is based on density functional theory. The electron-electron interaction and shallow confinement make the splitting of the conduction channel into two channels possible. Each of them becomes spin-polarized at certain split and top gates voltages and may contribute to conductance giving rise to additional conductance anomalies. For symmetrically loaded split gates two conduction channels contribute equally to conductance. For the case of asymmetrically applied voltage between split gates conductance anomalies may occur between values of 0.25(2e2/h) and 0.7(2e2/h) depending on the increased asymmetry in split gates voltages. This corresponds to different degrees of spin-polarization in the two conduction channels that contribute differently to conductance. In the case of a strong asymmetry in split gates voltages one channel of conduction is pinched off and just the one remaining channel contributes to conductance. We have found that on the perimeter of the anti-dot there are spin-polarized states. These states may also contribute to conductance if the radius of the anti-dot is small enough and tunneling between these states may occur. The spin-polarized states in the QPC with shallow confinement tuned by electric means may be used for the purposes of quantum technology.
Anais do Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Nov 18, 2021
INTED2022 Proceedings, 2022
Background: A global effort has been made in the last years to establish a set of core competence... more Background: A global effort has been made in the last years to establish a set of core competences that define the essential professional competence of a physician. Regardless of the environment, culture or medical education conditions, a set of core competences is required for medical practice worldwide. Evaluation of educational program is always needed to assure the best training for medical students and ultimately best care for patients. The aim of this study was to determine in what extent medical students in Portugal and Portuguese speaking African countries, felt they have acquired the core competences to start their clinical practice. For this reason, it was created a measurement tool to evaluate self-perceived competences, in different domains, across Portuguese and Portuguese-speaking African medical schools. Methods: The information was collected through a questionnaire that defines the knowledge, attitudes and skills that future doctors should acquire. The Cronbach’s Alp...
Journal of Advances in Medical Education & Professionalism, 2020
Introduction: Angola has about 28 million inhabitants and approximately 0.21 physicians/1,000 pop... more Introduction: Angola has about 28 million inhabitants and approximately 0.21 physicians/1,000 population. There is only one specialist in some medical fields in the whole country while there is not even one specialist in some other fields. The objective of this study is to investigate the significance of the Cooperation Program for Foreign Doctors (Brazil) and its impact on the provision of specialized medical care in Angola, showing the evolution of the different specialties as well as the emergence of some specialties in Angola. Methods: A retrospective study was performed, identifying the Angolan doctors trained in Brazil by the Cooperation Program for Foreign Doctors. The number and specialty of the trained physicians were obtained from the database of the program, and the number of doctors in each specialty in Angola was obtained by consulting the registry of doctors of the various specialist colleges in Angola. Results: From February 2011 to March 2019, 111 physicians were tra...
Purpose: in literature the expression ‘professional vocation’ is used to describe a specific area... more Purpose: in literature the expression ‘professional vocation’ is used to describe a specific area of science (craft, occupation, profession) that the person is easier to perform and can be identified by psychological tests, the authors evaluated the correlation between having or not vocation for medical school and academic success. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study on the vocational profile of candidates admitted to the Agostinho Neto University Medical school in 2013, with six years of follow-up (2013-2019). A total of 63 participants were included in the analysis. Results: At the final evaluation, there were 63 participants (35% lost to follow-up) comprising 30 males (47.6%) and 33 females (52.4%). A total of 15 participants (23.8%) had a vocation for medicine at the beginning of the course and only 4 participants (6.3%) had a vocation for medicine at graduation. At graduation, most of the participants presented realistic vocational profiles. The academic success cr...
Revista Angolana de Ciências da Saúde / Angolan Journal Of Health Sciences, 2021
Given the strong growth of medical education initiatives in African Member States of the Communit... more Given the strong growth of medical education initiatives in African Member States of the Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries (CPLP) and considering the increased cooperation in medical education, it is justified under the Strategic Plan for Cooperation in Health (PECS) of the CPLP, to think this cooperation in a triangular, southnorth- south approach, coordinating the initiatives in a framework of priorities discussed and defined collectively. The networks created to coordinate other cooperation activities under the PECS point a way forward. With a history of attempts to create intervention networks in medical education, with the experience gained, we argue in this article that actors actively involved in development cooperation of medical education should strive to establish a Cooperation Network on Medical Education of the CPLP in conjunction with other initiatives implemented in the Portuguese-speaking States, such as cooperation initiatives by the USA and Cuba.