M. Guelfi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by M. Guelfi
European Journal of Public Health, 2021
Background The struggle against fake medical news, nowadays widely spread by web sources, is a ma... more Background The struggle against fake medical news, nowadays widely spread by web sources, is a main issue in public health especially in a pandemic period. Even among medical students, there is a lack of eHealth literacy (eHL) skills to solve medical problems. The Italian Medical Doctors Federation (FNOMCeO) promoted a Web source as a first-aid communication kit for basic notions in health hot-topics named “dottoremaeveroche” (DMVEC). This study aims to evaluate its effectiveness in improving eHL. Methods Between April and November 2019, medical students from the University of Firenze (Italy) joined a cross-sectional web-based survey before and after accessing the DMVEC Web source. The 8-item self-assessment tool (IT-eHEALS) was used to examine subject's eHL, in addition to questions on source's features and its quality. All responses were rated on a 5-points Likert scale. Changing of abilities' perception was assessed using Wilcoxon test. Results A total of 329 joined t...
Annali italiani di medicina interna : organo ufficiale della Società italiana di medicina interna
Although, in the course of the last 50 years, the achievements in the medical field have been ast... more Although, in the course of the last 50 years, the achievements in the medical field have been astonishing, at the beginning of the third millennium a number of clinical pictures are still left without a precise nosographic origin. In the past, the delay in scientific communication was the main explanation presented for the lack of understanding of clinical pictures of unknown nosographic origin. The history of medicine provides excellent examples of this dispersion of human capital, even if the history of clinical neurology presents "exceptions" (the pictures that we now call de la Tourette's syndrome and Parkinson's disease) that indicate that major clinical syndromes could be clearly detected and relatively rapidly diffused even in the 19th century. Contrary to the past, the delay in scientific communication no longer seems an obstacle to the sharing of medical knowledge. Nevertheless, the problem of the in-depth comprehension of clinical pictures of unknown noso...
Le Open Educational Resources sono contenuti per l’apprendimento liberamente disponibili e riutil... more Le Open Educational Resources sono contenuti per l’apprendimento liberamente disponibili e riutilizzabili. L’idea che la conoscenza possa essere scomposta in sottocomponenti variamente ricombinabili a formare percorsi formativi a differente strutturazione è alla base dei Learning Objects, letteralmente oggetti di apprendimento. La filosofia dei Learning Objects è stata integrata nelle Open Educational Resources, di cui gli Open CourseWare e i più recenti Massive Online Open Courses sono i principali elementi caratterizzanti. Dopo avere descritto queste istanze connesse alla formazione a distanza tratteremo le licenze Creative Commons, l’infrastruttura tecnica e legale che consente la riutilizzazione e la riadattabilità di risorse formative. Successivamente seguirà una discussione in cui valuteremo le prime esperienze sulle Open Educational Resources, e soprattutto sui Massive Online Open Courses, per riflettere su sostanziali trasformazioni che si intravedono all’orizzonte per le Fa...
Background The struggle against fake medical news, especially spread by web sources, is a main is... more Background The struggle against fake medical news, especially spread by web sources, is a main issue in public health. Even among college students, there is a lack of eHealth literacy (eHL) skills. The Italian Medical Doctors Federation (FNOMCeO) promoted a website as a rst-aid communication kit for notions in health hot-topics named "dottoremaeveroche" (DMVEC). This study aims to evaluate its effectiveness in improving eHL. Methods Between April 2019 and October 2020, college students attending the rst year of medical and communication theory course at the University of Florence (Italy) joined a web-based survey before and after accessing the DMVEC website. The 8-item self-assessment IT-eHEALS tool was used to examine subject's eHL, in addition to questions on source's features and its quality. All responses were rated on a 5-points Likert scale. Changing of abilities perception was assessed using Wilcoxon test. Results 362 students joined the survey, 329 medical and 33 communication ones. Participants felt moderately con dent in eHL, with an initial IT-eHEALS overall mean score of 3.6 ± 0.7 for medical students and of 3.2 ± 0.8 for communication students. Medical students had a good perception on how to nd helpful health sources (mean score of 3.9 ± 0.8) and communication students felt sure in discerning sources quality (mean score of 3.5 ± 1.0). Instead, their con dence in using web information to make health decisions was low (medical students: mean score of 2.9 ± 1.1; communication students: mean score of 2.8 ± 1.1). All items improved after the use of DMVEC, with overall mean score of IT-eHEALS increasing to 4.3 ± 0.6 (p < 0.01) for medical students and to 4.1 ± 0.8 (p < 0.01) for communication students. Also the items with the lowest scores improved, even if remained the most critical (medical students: mean score of 3.9 ± 1.2; communication students: mean score of 3.6 ± 1.4; p < 0.01). Conclusions Low levels of eHL can damage public health efforts, as seen during COVID19 pandemic. DMVEC effectiveness in college students demonstrated the bene t of online educational interventions that, with further implementation, could help in tackling infodemic and fake news spreading. Contributions To The Literature Research has shown the complexities of electronic-Health Literacy (eHL) skills and the high impact of the web in people' health consciousness, highlighting this as a critical issue in public health Our ndings revealed that college students and even medical students could have di culties in discerning proper medical information from the web and the evaluation of eHL could represent a rst step towards educational programs Validated web-based instruments, such as DMVEC website, can improve eHL skills and provide medical acknowledgement for college students in an easy way Background Since the Internet has become the major source of Health-related information, the current generation has access to a multitude of medical topics, although access alone does not ensure that people are skilled enough to extrapolate proper health notions. The US Institute of Medicine in 2000 proposed a de nition of Health Literacy (HL) which include the capacity of individuals to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate decisions for their health 1. Gradually, with the explosion of web sources, new aspects emerged and different de nitions of HL were introduced. Norman et al. 2 suggested a de nition of electronic-Health Literacy (e-HL), based on a six literacy factors model (Lily model): traditional literacy, health literacy, information literacy, scienti c literacy, media literacy, and computer literacy. Resulting from this model, e-HL was intended as the ability to seek, nd, and nally understand and appraise health information from electronic sources and the capability to apply this knowledge to addressing or solving a health problem 2. Therefore, various and new competencies were required to obtain e-Health information, such as abilities in conducting basic and advanced information searches with electronic devices, discriminating types of sources (e.g., scholarly documents, periodicals, respectable medical sources) and understanding e-Health terminologies 3. Several factors can in uence people's e-HL: Functional Health Literacy, Need for Cognition, Irrational Health Beliefs and Self-E cacy 4. Functional Health Literacy, which consists of basic literacy and numeracy skills useful to comprehend health information, is an essential skill for a successful application of web sources to obtain health information 4. It seems that Functional Health Literacy and e-HL are positively correlated, as shown by Del Giudice et al. 5 in an Italian survey. Need for Cognition describes a different tendencies of people in making effortful cognitive activity 6 ,
E-learning in sanità, 2011
L’affermarsi delle tecnologie per la comunicazione ha offer-to un enorme contributo allo sviluppo... more L’affermarsi delle tecnologie per la comunicazione ha offer-to un enorme contributo allo sviluppo della formazione a distanza (FAD). Il presente capitolo intende illustrare le diverse generazioni della FAD e chiarire il significato della terminologia e di alcuni acronimi che il lettore incontrerà nella letteratura specializzata sull’argomento.
Quest'opera è protetta dalla legge sul diritto d'autore, e la sua riproduzione è ammessa solo ed ... more Quest'opera è protetta dalla legge sul diritto d'autore, e la sua riproduzione è ammessa solo ed esclusivamente nei limiti stabiliti dalla stessa. Le fotocopie per uso personale possono essere effettuate nei limiti del 15% di ciascun volume dietro pagamento alla SIAE del compenso previsto dall'art. 68, commi 4 e 5, della legge 22 aprile 1941 n. 633. Le riproduzioni per uso non personale e/o oltre il limite del 15% potranno avvenire solo a seguito di specifica autorizzazione rilasciata da AIDRO, Corso di Porta Romana n. 108, Milano 20122, e-mail segreteria@aidro.org e sito web www.aidro.org. Tutti i diritti, in particolare quelli relativi alla traduzione, alla ristampa, all'utilizzo di illustrazioni e tabelle, alla citazione orale, alla trasmissione radiofonica o televisiva, alla registrazione su microfilm o in database, o alla riproduzione in qualsiasi altra forma (stampata o elettronica) rimangono riservati anche nel caso di utilizzo parziale. La violazione delle norme comporta le sanzioni previste dalla legge. L'utilizzo in questa pubblicazione di denominazioni generiche, nomi commerciali, marchi registrati, ecc., anche se non specificatamente identificati, non implica che tali denominazioni o marchi non siano protetti dalle relative leggi e regolamenti.
L’affermarsi delle tecnologie per la comunicazione ha offer-to un enorme contributo allo sviluppo... more L’affermarsi delle tecnologie per la comunicazione ha offer-to un enorme contributo allo sviluppo della formazione a distanza (FAD). Il presente capitolo intende illustrare le diverse generazioni della FAD e chiarire il significato della terminologia e di alcuni acronimi che il lettore incontrerà nella letteratura specializzata sull’argomento.
The aim of the paper is to aid and to stimulate teachers to use digital clinical cases suggesting... more The aim of the paper is to aid and to stimulate teachers to use digital clinical cases suggesting appropriate methodologies to integrate with didactic objectives of courses. First we show software tools available to build virtual patients and where to search for them in online digital repositories that distribute these multimedia resources with a Creative Common License. Then, on the basis of medical literature, we discuss some successful strategies of integration of virtual patients in clinical courses. The use of digital clinical cases is useful also in Medical School with a high number of students.
Vaccines
Background: Training future healthcare professionals on vaccination through specific courses is i... more Background: Training future healthcare professionals on vaccination through specific courses is important to properly promote active immunization among the general population and to fight fake news and false beliefs on vaccinations. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of an elective course about vaccinations on the knowledge of medical students, pharmacy students, and medical resident in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine in Italy. Methods: The participants were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire before and after an elective teaching activity (ETA) on vaccination. The two questionnaires contained the same 30 questions and focused on different aspects of vaccines and vaccination. The students who had attended the seminar were allowed to fulfil the post-lecture questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential analysis were performed on the results; in particular, Student’s t-test for independent samples was used to compare the total score obtained before and after atte...
Peer review can be used as a teaching methodology to improve students' learning and critical ... more Peer review can be used as a teaching methodology to improve students' learning and critical thinking. However teachers have many concerns about the reliability and validity of students' grading. The paper describes the application of peer review as a teaching strategy to the large course of Biomedical Informatics in the School of Medicine at the University of Florence. The aim of the study was twofold: (I) assessing the validity of students' reviews, calculating the correlation between students' assigned score and instructor's assigned score; (II) assessing the validity of student's self-evaluation, calculating the correlation between student's assigned score and teacher's assigned score. To this aim a statistical analysis was performed. The results showed a moderate concordance between the marks assigned by peers and those assigned by the instructor. Neverthless the comparison between the teacher median and the peer-review median shows a minimal dif...
Strumenti per la didattica e la ricerca, 2019
This volume explores the issues of using e-learning in university and of developing and using a “... more This volume explores the issues of using e-learning in university and of developing and using a “blended learning” teaching method for the course of Computer Science from the first year of the the Medicine and Surgery Degree of the University of Florence. This course was used as a trial for the peer-review teaching method, which can be useful in classes with a high number of students; this publication also includes a selection of the best works produced by the students. The results of the trial prove the advantages of using the peer-review teaching method for other university courses, and the students' works on e-health give current medical practitioners insights on how to use ICT in their practice with skill and care.
E-learning in sanità, 2011
... 14.2.2 Esempio 2: Virologia, modulo del corso di Microbiologia e Microbiologia Clinica, I A... more ... 14.2.2 Esempio 2: Virologia, modulo del corso di Microbiologia e Microbiologia Clinica, I Anno, II Semestre Docenti: Prof. A. Azzi, Dott. ... Le attività possono comprendere partecipazione a discussioni onli-ne, svolgimento di quiz e/o stesura di elaborati. ...
Questo contributo intende evidenziare come la Computer Mediated Communication (CMC), cioè la comu... more Questo contributo intende evidenziare come la Computer Mediated Communication (CMC), cioè la comunicazione mediata da computer, possa generare fenomeni apprenditivi non ancillari rispetto alla formazione in presenza. Tramite gli strumenti di comunicazione della rete, il docente può infatti creare un ambiente virtuale rilevante e stimolante, in cui i discenti possono comunicare e interagire sviluppando forme di apprendimento collaborativo, che sembrano
In questo capitolo prenderemo in considerazione le opportunità offerte dall’e-learning a sostegno... more In questo capitolo prenderemo in considerazione le opportunità offerte dall’e-learning a sostegno dell’apprendimento informale dell’operatore sanitario, processo dal quale dipende la maggior parte delle conoscenze e competenze necessarie per l’esercizio di qualsiasi professione e a cui la ricerca non ha per ora dedicato molto spazio.
Abstarct Il Knowledge Management (KM) viene spesso chiamato in causa in ambito sanitario per favo... more Abstarct Il Knowledge Management (KM) viene spesso chiamato in causa in ambito sanitario per favorire la gestione centralizzata e il trasferimento delle informazioni tra organizzazioni sanitarie variamente distribuite nel territorio, per contrastare la naturale obsolescenza del patrimonio conoscitivo, in gran parte accentuata dall’impossibilità da parte del professionista di seguire il progresso scientifico distribuito in un’innumerevole quantità di pubblicazioni scientifiche, e
Open Educational Resources are educational contents freely available that can be used for teachin... more Open Educational Resources are educational contents freely available that can be used for teaching and learning. Numerous researchers sustain that knowledge can be divided in subcomponents that can be variously recombined to build different educational pathways. This philosophy, that is at the basis of the theory of Learning Objects, has been encompassed by Open Educational Resources, that include Open Courseware and Massive Online Open Courses. In the paper we describe these new instances related to distance education and then we face Creative Commons Licenses, the legal and technical infrastructure making possible reusability and modification of learning materials. We conclude discussing about the first experiences related to the use of Open Educational Resources, mainly Massive Online Open Courses. The focus is on organizational changes that we imagine for the future of Medical Schools and Universities. The paper ends stimulating educational and healthcare institutions to experim...
E-learning in sanità, 2011
L’attivazione di un Corso di Laurea online espande infinitamente le problematiche connesse agli a... more L’attivazione di un Corso di Laurea online espande infinitamente le problematiche connesse agli aspetti progettuali e organizzativi di un singolo corso e-learning. In questo capitolo presentiamo la fase di analisi e la progettazione del Corso di Laurea online in Infermieristica della Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia dell’Università di Firenze. Riteniamo che la complessità insita in tale progetto lo possa candidare
Although, in the course of the last 50 years, the achievements in the medical field have been ast... more Although, in the course of the last 50 years, the achievements in the medical field have been astonishing, at the beginning of the third millennium a number of clinical pictures are still left without a precise nosographic origin. In the past, the delay in scientific communication was the main explanation presented for the lack of understanding of clinical pictures of unknown nosographic origin. The history of medicine provides excellent examples of this dispersion of human capital, even if the history of clinical neurology presents "exceptions" (the pictures that we now call de la Tourette's syndrome and Parkinson's disease) that indicate that major clinical syndromes could be clearly detected and relatively rapidly diffused even in the 19th century. Contrary to the past, the delay in scientific communication no longer seems an obstacle to the sharing of medical knowledge. Nevertheless, the problem of the in-depth comprehension of clinical pictures of unknown noso...
E-learning in sanità, 2011
ABSTRACT Il tutor svolge una funzione cruciale in tutte le fasi di erogazione di un corso online.... more ABSTRACT Il tutor svolge una funzione cruciale in tutte le fasi di erogazione di un corso online. Ma quali sono i profili e i ruoli che egli deve assumere per svolgere le sue funzioni? Quale formazione professionale è necessaria per questa figura emergente affinché possa assistere al meglio i discenti nella fruizione di corsi e-learning? Il presente capitolo cerca di rispondere a queste domande con l’aiuto di modelli teorici di riferimento noti in letteratura.
E-learning in sanità, 2011
In questo capitolo vengono brevemente descritti i principali applicativi del Web 2.0. Queste inno... more In questo capitolo vengono brevemente descritti i principali applicativi del Web 2.0. Queste innovazioni tecnologiche offrono l’occasione per considerazioni sull’evoluzione dell’e-learning.
European Journal of Public Health, 2021
Background The struggle against fake medical news, nowadays widely spread by web sources, is a ma... more Background The struggle against fake medical news, nowadays widely spread by web sources, is a main issue in public health especially in a pandemic period. Even among medical students, there is a lack of eHealth literacy (eHL) skills to solve medical problems. The Italian Medical Doctors Federation (FNOMCeO) promoted a Web source as a first-aid communication kit for basic notions in health hot-topics named “dottoremaeveroche” (DMVEC). This study aims to evaluate its effectiveness in improving eHL. Methods Between April and November 2019, medical students from the University of Firenze (Italy) joined a cross-sectional web-based survey before and after accessing the DMVEC Web source. The 8-item self-assessment tool (IT-eHEALS) was used to examine subject's eHL, in addition to questions on source's features and its quality. All responses were rated on a 5-points Likert scale. Changing of abilities' perception was assessed using Wilcoxon test. Results A total of 329 joined t...
Annali italiani di medicina interna : organo ufficiale della Società italiana di medicina interna
Although, in the course of the last 50 years, the achievements in the medical field have been ast... more Although, in the course of the last 50 years, the achievements in the medical field have been astonishing, at the beginning of the third millennium a number of clinical pictures are still left without a precise nosographic origin. In the past, the delay in scientific communication was the main explanation presented for the lack of understanding of clinical pictures of unknown nosographic origin. The history of medicine provides excellent examples of this dispersion of human capital, even if the history of clinical neurology presents "exceptions" (the pictures that we now call de la Tourette's syndrome and Parkinson's disease) that indicate that major clinical syndromes could be clearly detected and relatively rapidly diffused even in the 19th century. Contrary to the past, the delay in scientific communication no longer seems an obstacle to the sharing of medical knowledge. Nevertheless, the problem of the in-depth comprehension of clinical pictures of unknown noso...
Le Open Educational Resources sono contenuti per l’apprendimento liberamente disponibili e riutil... more Le Open Educational Resources sono contenuti per l’apprendimento liberamente disponibili e riutilizzabili. L’idea che la conoscenza possa essere scomposta in sottocomponenti variamente ricombinabili a formare percorsi formativi a differente strutturazione è alla base dei Learning Objects, letteralmente oggetti di apprendimento. La filosofia dei Learning Objects è stata integrata nelle Open Educational Resources, di cui gli Open CourseWare e i più recenti Massive Online Open Courses sono i principali elementi caratterizzanti. Dopo avere descritto queste istanze connesse alla formazione a distanza tratteremo le licenze Creative Commons, l’infrastruttura tecnica e legale che consente la riutilizzazione e la riadattabilità di risorse formative. Successivamente seguirà una discussione in cui valuteremo le prime esperienze sulle Open Educational Resources, e soprattutto sui Massive Online Open Courses, per riflettere su sostanziali trasformazioni che si intravedono all’orizzonte per le Fa...
Background The struggle against fake medical news, especially spread by web sources, is a main is... more Background The struggle against fake medical news, especially spread by web sources, is a main issue in public health. Even among college students, there is a lack of eHealth literacy (eHL) skills. The Italian Medical Doctors Federation (FNOMCeO) promoted a website as a rst-aid communication kit for notions in health hot-topics named "dottoremaeveroche" (DMVEC). This study aims to evaluate its effectiveness in improving eHL. Methods Between April 2019 and October 2020, college students attending the rst year of medical and communication theory course at the University of Florence (Italy) joined a web-based survey before and after accessing the DMVEC website. The 8-item self-assessment IT-eHEALS tool was used to examine subject's eHL, in addition to questions on source's features and its quality. All responses were rated on a 5-points Likert scale. Changing of abilities perception was assessed using Wilcoxon test. Results 362 students joined the survey, 329 medical and 33 communication ones. Participants felt moderately con dent in eHL, with an initial IT-eHEALS overall mean score of 3.6 ± 0.7 for medical students and of 3.2 ± 0.8 for communication students. Medical students had a good perception on how to nd helpful health sources (mean score of 3.9 ± 0.8) and communication students felt sure in discerning sources quality (mean score of 3.5 ± 1.0). Instead, their con dence in using web information to make health decisions was low (medical students: mean score of 2.9 ± 1.1; communication students: mean score of 2.8 ± 1.1). All items improved after the use of DMVEC, with overall mean score of IT-eHEALS increasing to 4.3 ± 0.6 (p < 0.01) for medical students and to 4.1 ± 0.8 (p < 0.01) for communication students. Also the items with the lowest scores improved, even if remained the most critical (medical students: mean score of 3.9 ± 1.2; communication students: mean score of 3.6 ± 1.4; p < 0.01). Conclusions Low levels of eHL can damage public health efforts, as seen during COVID19 pandemic. DMVEC effectiveness in college students demonstrated the bene t of online educational interventions that, with further implementation, could help in tackling infodemic and fake news spreading. Contributions To The Literature Research has shown the complexities of electronic-Health Literacy (eHL) skills and the high impact of the web in people' health consciousness, highlighting this as a critical issue in public health Our ndings revealed that college students and even medical students could have di culties in discerning proper medical information from the web and the evaluation of eHL could represent a rst step towards educational programs Validated web-based instruments, such as DMVEC website, can improve eHL skills and provide medical acknowledgement for college students in an easy way Background Since the Internet has become the major source of Health-related information, the current generation has access to a multitude of medical topics, although access alone does not ensure that people are skilled enough to extrapolate proper health notions. The US Institute of Medicine in 2000 proposed a de nition of Health Literacy (HL) which include the capacity of individuals to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate decisions for their health 1. Gradually, with the explosion of web sources, new aspects emerged and different de nitions of HL were introduced. Norman et al. 2 suggested a de nition of electronic-Health Literacy (e-HL), based on a six literacy factors model (Lily model): traditional literacy, health literacy, information literacy, scienti c literacy, media literacy, and computer literacy. Resulting from this model, e-HL was intended as the ability to seek, nd, and nally understand and appraise health information from electronic sources and the capability to apply this knowledge to addressing or solving a health problem 2. Therefore, various and new competencies were required to obtain e-Health information, such as abilities in conducting basic and advanced information searches with electronic devices, discriminating types of sources (e.g., scholarly documents, periodicals, respectable medical sources) and understanding e-Health terminologies 3. Several factors can in uence people's e-HL: Functional Health Literacy, Need for Cognition, Irrational Health Beliefs and Self-E cacy 4. Functional Health Literacy, which consists of basic literacy and numeracy skills useful to comprehend health information, is an essential skill for a successful application of web sources to obtain health information 4. It seems that Functional Health Literacy and e-HL are positively correlated, as shown by Del Giudice et al. 5 in an Italian survey. Need for Cognition describes a different tendencies of people in making effortful cognitive activity 6 ,
E-learning in sanità, 2011
L’affermarsi delle tecnologie per la comunicazione ha offer-to un enorme contributo allo sviluppo... more L’affermarsi delle tecnologie per la comunicazione ha offer-to un enorme contributo allo sviluppo della formazione a distanza (FAD). Il presente capitolo intende illustrare le diverse generazioni della FAD e chiarire il significato della terminologia e di alcuni acronimi che il lettore incontrerà nella letteratura specializzata sull’argomento.
Quest'opera è protetta dalla legge sul diritto d'autore, e la sua riproduzione è ammessa solo ed ... more Quest'opera è protetta dalla legge sul diritto d'autore, e la sua riproduzione è ammessa solo ed esclusivamente nei limiti stabiliti dalla stessa. Le fotocopie per uso personale possono essere effettuate nei limiti del 15% di ciascun volume dietro pagamento alla SIAE del compenso previsto dall'art. 68, commi 4 e 5, della legge 22 aprile 1941 n. 633. Le riproduzioni per uso non personale e/o oltre il limite del 15% potranno avvenire solo a seguito di specifica autorizzazione rilasciata da AIDRO, Corso di Porta Romana n. 108, Milano 20122, e-mail segreteria@aidro.org e sito web www.aidro.org. Tutti i diritti, in particolare quelli relativi alla traduzione, alla ristampa, all'utilizzo di illustrazioni e tabelle, alla citazione orale, alla trasmissione radiofonica o televisiva, alla registrazione su microfilm o in database, o alla riproduzione in qualsiasi altra forma (stampata o elettronica) rimangono riservati anche nel caso di utilizzo parziale. La violazione delle norme comporta le sanzioni previste dalla legge. L'utilizzo in questa pubblicazione di denominazioni generiche, nomi commerciali, marchi registrati, ecc., anche se non specificatamente identificati, non implica che tali denominazioni o marchi non siano protetti dalle relative leggi e regolamenti.
L’affermarsi delle tecnologie per la comunicazione ha offer-to un enorme contributo allo sviluppo... more L’affermarsi delle tecnologie per la comunicazione ha offer-to un enorme contributo allo sviluppo della formazione a distanza (FAD). Il presente capitolo intende illustrare le diverse generazioni della FAD e chiarire il significato della terminologia e di alcuni acronimi che il lettore incontrerà nella letteratura specializzata sull’argomento.
The aim of the paper is to aid and to stimulate teachers to use digital clinical cases suggesting... more The aim of the paper is to aid and to stimulate teachers to use digital clinical cases suggesting appropriate methodologies to integrate with didactic objectives of courses. First we show software tools available to build virtual patients and where to search for them in online digital repositories that distribute these multimedia resources with a Creative Common License. Then, on the basis of medical literature, we discuss some successful strategies of integration of virtual patients in clinical courses. The use of digital clinical cases is useful also in Medical School with a high number of students.
Vaccines
Background: Training future healthcare professionals on vaccination through specific courses is i... more Background: Training future healthcare professionals on vaccination through specific courses is important to properly promote active immunization among the general population and to fight fake news and false beliefs on vaccinations. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of an elective course about vaccinations on the knowledge of medical students, pharmacy students, and medical resident in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine in Italy. Methods: The participants were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire before and after an elective teaching activity (ETA) on vaccination. The two questionnaires contained the same 30 questions and focused on different aspects of vaccines and vaccination. The students who had attended the seminar were allowed to fulfil the post-lecture questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential analysis were performed on the results; in particular, Student’s t-test for independent samples was used to compare the total score obtained before and after atte...
Peer review can be used as a teaching methodology to improve students' learning and critical ... more Peer review can be used as a teaching methodology to improve students' learning and critical thinking. However teachers have many concerns about the reliability and validity of students' grading. The paper describes the application of peer review as a teaching strategy to the large course of Biomedical Informatics in the School of Medicine at the University of Florence. The aim of the study was twofold: (I) assessing the validity of students' reviews, calculating the correlation between students' assigned score and instructor's assigned score; (II) assessing the validity of student's self-evaluation, calculating the correlation between student's assigned score and teacher's assigned score. To this aim a statistical analysis was performed. The results showed a moderate concordance between the marks assigned by peers and those assigned by the instructor. Neverthless the comparison between the teacher median and the peer-review median shows a minimal dif...
Strumenti per la didattica e la ricerca, 2019
This volume explores the issues of using e-learning in university and of developing and using a “... more This volume explores the issues of using e-learning in university and of developing and using a “blended learning” teaching method for the course of Computer Science from the first year of the the Medicine and Surgery Degree of the University of Florence. This course was used as a trial for the peer-review teaching method, which can be useful in classes with a high number of students; this publication also includes a selection of the best works produced by the students. The results of the trial prove the advantages of using the peer-review teaching method for other university courses, and the students' works on e-health give current medical practitioners insights on how to use ICT in their practice with skill and care.
E-learning in sanità, 2011
... 14.2.2 Esempio 2: Virologia, modulo del corso di Microbiologia e Microbiologia Clinica, I A... more ... 14.2.2 Esempio 2: Virologia, modulo del corso di Microbiologia e Microbiologia Clinica, I Anno, II Semestre Docenti: Prof. A. Azzi, Dott. ... Le attività possono comprendere partecipazione a discussioni onli-ne, svolgimento di quiz e/o stesura di elaborati. ...
Questo contributo intende evidenziare come la Computer Mediated Communication (CMC), cioè la comu... more Questo contributo intende evidenziare come la Computer Mediated Communication (CMC), cioè la comunicazione mediata da computer, possa generare fenomeni apprenditivi non ancillari rispetto alla formazione in presenza. Tramite gli strumenti di comunicazione della rete, il docente può infatti creare un ambiente virtuale rilevante e stimolante, in cui i discenti possono comunicare e interagire sviluppando forme di apprendimento collaborativo, che sembrano
In questo capitolo prenderemo in considerazione le opportunità offerte dall’e-learning a sostegno... more In questo capitolo prenderemo in considerazione le opportunità offerte dall’e-learning a sostegno dell’apprendimento informale dell’operatore sanitario, processo dal quale dipende la maggior parte delle conoscenze e competenze necessarie per l’esercizio di qualsiasi professione e a cui la ricerca non ha per ora dedicato molto spazio.
Abstarct Il Knowledge Management (KM) viene spesso chiamato in causa in ambito sanitario per favo... more Abstarct Il Knowledge Management (KM) viene spesso chiamato in causa in ambito sanitario per favorire la gestione centralizzata e il trasferimento delle informazioni tra organizzazioni sanitarie variamente distribuite nel territorio, per contrastare la naturale obsolescenza del patrimonio conoscitivo, in gran parte accentuata dall’impossibilità da parte del professionista di seguire il progresso scientifico distribuito in un’innumerevole quantità di pubblicazioni scientifiche, e
Open Educational Resources are educational contents freely available that can be used for teachin... more Open Educational Resources are educational contents freely available that can be used for teaching and learning. Numerous researchers sustain that knowledge can be divided in subcomponents that can be variously recombined to build different educational pathways. This philosophy, that is at the basis of the theory of Learning Objects, has been encompassed by Open Educational Resources, that include Open Courseware and Massive Online Open Courses. In the paper we describe these new instances related to distance education and then we face Creative Commons Licenses, the legal and technical infrastructure making possible reusability and modification of learning materials. We conclude discussing about the first experiences related to the use of Open Educational Resources, mainly Massive Online Open Courses. The focus is on organizational changes that we imagine for the future of Medical Schools and Universities. The paper ends stimulating educational and healthcare institutions to experim...
E-learning in sanità, 2011
L’attivazione di un Corso di Laurea online espande infinitamente le problematiche connesse agli a... more L’attivazione di un Corso di Laurea online espande infinitamente le problematiche connesse agli aspetti progettuali e organizzativi di un singolo corso e-learning. In questo capitolo presentiamo la fase di analisi e la progettazione del Corso di Laurea online in Infermieristica della Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia dell’Università di Firenze. Riteniamo che la complessità insita in tale progetto lo possa candidare
Although, in the course of the last 50 years, the achievements in the medical field have been ast... more Although, in the course of the last 50 years, the achievements in the medical field have been astonishing, at the beginning of the third millennium a number of clinical pictures are still left without a precise nosographic origin. In the past, the delay in scientific communication was the main explanation presented for the lack of understanding of clinical pictures of unknown nosographic origin. The history of medicine provides excellent examples of this dispersion of human capital, even if the history of clinical neurology presents "exceptions" (the pictures that we now call de la Tourette's syndrome and Parkinson's disease) that indicate that major clinical syndromes could be clearly detected and relatively rapidly diffused even in the 19th century. Contrary to the past, the delay in scientific communication no longer seems an obstacle to the sharing of medical knowledge. Nevertheless, the problem of the in-depth comprehension of clinical pictures of unknown noso...
E-learning in sanità, 2011
ABSTRACT Il tutor svolge una funzione cruciale in tutte le fasi di erogazione di un corso online.... more ABSTRACT Il tutor svolge una funzione cruciale in tutte le fasi di erogazione di un corso online. Ma quali sono i profili e i ruoli che egli deve assumere per svolgere le sue funzioni? Quale formazione professionale è necessaria per questa figura emergente affinché possa assistere al meglio i discenti nella fruizione di corsi e-learning? Il presente capitolo cerca di rispondere a queste domande con l’aiuto di modelli teorici di riferimento noti in letteratura.
E-learning in sanità, 2011
In questo capitolo vengono brevemente descritti i principali applicativi del Web 2.0. Queste inno... more In questo capitolo vengono brevemente descritti i principali applicativi del Web 2.0. Queste innovazioni tecnologiche offrono l’occasione per considerazioni sull’evoluzione dell’e-learning.