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Papers by Marcos A Ponce-Jara

Assessment of Single-Axis Solar Tracking System Efficiency in Equatorial Regions: A Case Study of Manta, Ecuador, 2024

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Communications in computer and information science, 2024

Energy Strategy Reviews, Dec 1, 2017

The modern struggle to generate electricity reducing our dependence on fossil fuels and decreasin... more The modern struggle to generate electricity reducing our dependence on fossil fuels and decreasing greenhouse gas emissions has found an ally in Smart Grid technology. This new trend involves a renewed perspective on how to generate, transmit, distribute and manage electricity networks, which not only helps to reduce power demand and cost, but can also improve efficiency, reliability, quality and security. This paper aims to study comprehensively the Smart Grid power system by comparing experiences and success stories from around the world. Developed countries, like the United States and those in the European Union, and developing countries, like India and Brazil, have been taken as examples of the current development and state of the Smart Grid concept. Europe and the U.S. lead the development of Smart Grids systems, while Brazil and India strongly depend on foreign technology and investment for their development in their countries. Climate change represents an extra challenge for developing countries, in addition to other issues related to economic and social advancement. Nevertheless, Smart Grids offer an array of possibilities and opportunities that work towards climate change international goals. However, state motivations and national energy resources limit the advancement of Smart Grids on this matter.

Information Management and Big Data , 2021

Solar radiation and wind data play an important role in renewable energy projects to produce elec... more Solar radiation and wind data play an important role in renewable energy projects to produce electricity. In Ecuador, these data are not always available for locations of interest due to absences of meteorological stations. In the scope of this paper, a low-cost automatic meteorological station prototype based on Raspberry technology was developed to measure the aforementioned variables. The objective of this paper is twofold: a) to present a proposal for the design of a low-cost automatic weather station using the Raspberry Pi microcomputer, showing the feasibility of this technology as an alternative for the construction of automatic meteorological station and; b) to use Machine learning (ML) method in order to predict solar radiation in Manta, Ecuador, based on the historical data collected for these three variables to date. We proved that both technology feasibility and Machine learning has a high potential as a tool to use in this field of study.

Energy Policy, 2018

The Ecuadorian electricity sector has undergone several changes during the past decade. The objec... more The Ecuadorian electricity sector has undergone several changes during the past decade. The objective of this paper is twofold: a) to show how the Ecuadorian electricity sector has evolved from 2007 to 2017, and b) to discuss the relationship between energy policies and their impacts on electricity supply, management, tariffs, and the country's economy. Although oil remains as the main energy source and the leading driver for economic revenue, several hydropower projects have been built or are under construction intending in part to reduce the country's dependence on oil. The installed hydropower capacity in the country in 2017 is approximately 81% higher than in 2007 and it is expected that, by 2018, approximately 93% of the electricity will be produced from hydropower. Currently, biomass and biogas contribute with 1.8% of the total electricity generation, but only 0.6% of the electricity is produced in wind and solar farms. Adoption of smart grid technologies is key to transform the Ecuadorian electricity network and to positively impact the quality of the electricity supply. The future of the Ecuadorian electricity sector relies on the successful implementation of the new Organic Law of Public Service of Electricity and on external financing for new energy projects.

AN ASSESSMENT ON ENERGY POLICIES AND CHALLENGES TO PROMOTE SOLAR PV IN SOUTH AMERICA: THE ECUADORIAN CASE, 2021

In South American countries, where hydroelectricity accounts for more than 54% of the total insta... more In South American countries, where hydroelectricity accounts for more than 54% of the total installed capacity, Non-Conventional Renewable Energy (NCRE) has emerged as a key factor to address climate change, raise energy security, and diversify the energy matrix. The objective of this article is to assess the status and challenges of solar PV in South American countries and the energy policies that have been used to foster NCREs, with focus on solar PV. Long-term auction, net metering, and feed-in tariff have been the most popular support schemes to promote renewables in the region. Nevertheless, these energy policies are still far of promoting a significant development of solar PV. Currently, NCREs contribute with only 4.5% of the total installed capacity in South America, from which, solar PV energy represents 28.8%. Chile leads solar PV installed capacity, followed by Brazil, Peru and Uruguay.

Revista Campo da História

No Equador, os dados de radiação solar e velocidade do vento nem sempre estão disponíveis para lo... more No Equador, os dados de radiação solar e velocidade do vento nem sempre estão disponíveis para locais de interesse devido à ausência de estações meteorológicas. No âmbito deste trabalho, foi desenvolvido um protótipo de estação meteorológica automática de baixo custo baseado na tecnologia Raspberry para medir as variáveis acima mencionadas. O objetivo deste trabalho é duplo: a) apresentar uma proposta de projeto de estação meteorológica automática de baixo custo utilizando o microcomputador Raspberry Pi, mostrando a viabilidade desta tecnologia como alternativa para a construção de estação meteorológica automática e; b) usar a previsão com redes neurais para prever a radiação solar em Manta, Equador, com base nos dados históricos coletados: radiação solar, velocidade e direção do vento. Provamos que tanto a viabilidade da tecnologia quanto o aprendizado de máquina têm um alto potencial como ferramenta a ser usada neste campo de estudo.

Sustainability, 2022

Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy systems are one of the most widely deployed renewable technologies... more Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy systems are one of the most widely deployed renewable technologies in the world. The efficiency of solar panels has been studied during the last few decades, and, to date, it has not been possible to displace the production of energy using crystalline silicon wafer-based technology whose efficiency has reached values around 26.1%. Moreover, using solar tracking PV systems has become a feasible alternative to increase the electric output of PV silicon technologies instead of using the conventional fixed PV installation on a flat or sloping surface. The following study has compared fixed and dual-axis sun-tracking PV panels in order to quantify the enhancement associated with the amount of energy harvested when using dual-axis tracking PV systems in the city of Manta, located in a coastal region of Ecuador. In order to carry out this study, an IoT monitoring system based on Raspberry Pi3 and Arduino platforms was used. Measurements of solar radiation (W/...

The objective of the research was to design an automatic meteorological station to record the sol... more The objective of the research was to design an automatic meteorological station to record the solar and wind variables. It was developed from a descriptive documentary methodology with a non-experimental design, which, in a first phase, allowed analyzing meteorological data in order to diagnose the need to have the design of a proposal for a meteorological station. It is observed that the radiation in this month ranged between 5,000 and 7,000 Wh / (m2-day), with some exceptions, even exceeding 8,000 Wh / (m2-day). It is noteworthy that there were days with very low solar radiation due to the rains and heavy cloud cover found this month. The automatic weather station designed, shows a great advantage over conventional weather stations; This can be used in areas with little accessibility or in the absence of a power grid.

espanolLa investigacion tuvo por objetivo realizar un modelado, diseno y simulacion de sistemas d... more espanolLa investigacion tuvo por objetivo realizar un modelado, diseno y simulacion de sistemas de micro-generacion solar fotovoltaicos utilizando MATLAB como aporte de la Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabi, a la conformacion de alternativas energeticas viables en beneficio de la poblacion ecuatoriana. Se desarrollo en funcion del enfoque cuantitativo, tipo descriptivo con apoyo de modalidad proyecto factible, se procedio a construir el modelado, diseno y simulacion, el cual se presenta en una fase descriptiva matematica y otra de simulacion, desplegadas en el apartado de propuesta tecnologica. Mediante el estudio por separado de cada elemento del sistema solar fotovoltaico aislado, se ha profundizado en su comportamiento dinamico. Ademas, ha permitido el diseno de una herramienta o aplicacion parametrizable segun las caracteristicas tecnicas de cada elemento del sistema, permitiendo simular sistemas solar fotovoltaicos incorporando datos reales de radicacion solar y temperatur...

El vehículo eléctrico se caracteriza principalmente por su notable eficiencia y la nula emisión ... more El vehículo eléctrico se caracteriza principalmente por su notable eficiencia y la nula emisión de gases de efecto invernadero a la atmósfera, versus su contra-parte de combustión interna. Sin embargo, ante un posible escenario de ingreso masivo de vehículos eléctricos al mercado mundial, las redes eléctricas deben estar preparadas para la conexión masiva de estos, ya sea para la recarga de batería o para brindar servicios eléctricos a la red bajo el esquema Vehicle to Grid. Bajo este esquema se aprovecha la capacidad de almacenamiento de los vehículos eléctricos para mejorar las prestaciones de las redes eléctricas actuales, siempre que estas últimas estén en condiciones de manejar aspectos tales como: control de flujo de energía, recarga masiva y simultanea, calidad de suministro eléctrico, entre otros.

El presente documento tiene como objetivo conocer esta configuración de red, sus principales características y las principales limitantes que tiene esta tecnología para su implementación en las redes eléctricas.

Nowadays it is estimated that almost half of the world’s CO2 emissions comes from the road transp... more Nowadays it is estimated that almost half of the world’s CO2 emissions comes from the road transport sector, and more than half of this amount comes from urban mobility. Hydrogen is seen today as one of the alternatives and solutions to power our vehicles on the road, having the potential to change the ways we leverage global resources of the planet. In this article the advantages and disa dvantages of this energy vector and the barriers they face are di scussed.
Keywords: Alternative energy, hydrogen, sustainable mobility

Autoconsumo y generación distribuida, 135.000 empleos La eólica (en el mundo) vuelve a vencer la ... more Autoconsumo y generación distribuida, 135.000 empleos La eólica (en el mundo) vuelve a vencer la crisis Smart grids + Energías renovables, la mejor combinación Especial Bioenergía Pistas para comprar una estufa de biomasa ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES www.energias-renovables.com

Books by Marcos A Ponce-Jara

El sector energético es fundamental para el desarrollo social, industrial y ambiental que conlle... more El sector energético es fundamental para el desarrollo social, industrial y ambiental que conllevan al desarrollo económico de un país. A lo largo de la historia se ha vivido una transición energética, desde la energía basada en la madera, el carbón, hasta la energía obtenida a partir
de los fósiles como el petróleo, el gas natural, y la nuclear. Todas ellas mantienen actualmente un mayor o menor grado de importancia y participación en la economía mundial.
La problemática acerca del cambio climático provocado por las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero producto del uso continuo de los derivados fósiles (por ser la de mayor participación a nivel global) ha obligado nuevamente a cambios significativos en el sector energético de muchos de los países miembros de las Naciones Unidas a través del compromiso de lograr en los próximos 15 años cumplir las metas fijadas en los 17 objetivos de la llamada “Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible” principalmente el objetivo número 7 que manifiesta “asegurar el acceso a una energía asequible, confiable, sostenible y moderna para todos” por lo que la energía sostenible toma un papel central al igual que el hecho de erradicar la pobreza.
De igual manera, se ha estado estimulando a evaluar los mercados petroleros de los países productores para su reestructuración, a la educación ciudadana y su inclusión, a estudiar en los países latinoamericanos el recurso energético de las fuentes naturales como la solar, la eólica,
la geotérmica, la biológica con la intención de determinar la capacidad de potencia a instalar de unas u otras y con ello incentivar nuevas inversiones en la investigación e implementación de sistemas energéticos sostenibles y de bajas emisiones de carbono. Basado en ello, se atestiguan ya transformaciones graduales, pero el ritmo de mejora debe acelerarse si se pretende conseguir un porcentaje elevado de participación de tales fuentes alternas de generación energética. Esta publicación brinda 12 capítulos producto de trabajos de investigación que contemplan diversos análisis de problemáticas y con el conocimiento científico propio de los autores muestran como solución estrategias en el sector energético que pueden en muchos casos desarrollarse y/o implementarse y en otros casos mejorar las ya existentes
de forma tal de contribuir a disminuir los retos planteados. También, en algunos capítulos, se consideran los desafíos que se enfrentan o enfrentaran de construir las capacidades institucionales necesarias para impulsar los cambios a las economías energéticas. Cada capítulo fue evaluado por tres académicos a doble ciego e incluyen información actualizada con cuadros específicos y ecuaciones matemáticas que proporcionan una visión de la problemática en estudio, esperando la obra sea un aporte a la difusión del conocimiento y
de utilidad para el sector académico, institucional y social.

by Julieta Sanchez Cano, Alicia Cruz-Martinez, João Carlos Loebens, Miguel Ángel Vega-Campos, Antonio Rafael Peña Sanchez, Marcos A Ponce-Jara, Milton Moreano Alvarado, Nildia Y. Mejias-Brizuela, José Ruiz Chico, Claudia Vega, and MA.CRUZ LOZANO-RAMIREZ

Este es un libro de investigación económico y financiero desarrollado por un equipo multidiscipli... more Este es un libro de investigación económico y financiero desarrollado por un equipo multidisciplinario de investigadores y catedráticos, cuyos trabajos utilizan categorías explicativas del análisis corporativo en el desarrollo de sectores claves de la economía de países como México, España, Ecuador, entre otros. Asimismo, se presentan diversos estudios de caso para fortalecer la economía regional y local.